<strong>Introduction:</strong><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> This study evaluated ...<strong>Introduction:</strong><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> This study evaluated the difference in operative and clinica</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">l outc</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">omes for patients with advanced ovarian cancer after primary debulking</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> surgery (PDS) versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed by interval debul</span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">king surgery (IDS) in Bangladesh. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Sixty patients with a</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">dvanced epit</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">helial ovarian cancer presenting to the department of Gynaecologi</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cal Oncology at the National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital were prospectively enrolled. Thirty patients underwent primary debulking surgery and thirty patients received NACT followed by IDS. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> In the PDS and IDS groups respectively, 56.7% and 50% of patients presented with stage IIIC and 67.7% and 56.7% respectively had ser</span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">i</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ous papillary type histopathology. Duration of surgery, amount of blood loss and total hospital stay were significantly lower (p < 0.001) in IDS group than </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">in </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the PDS group. There was a statistically significant difference in postoperative tumor residuals between IDS and PDS patients. Complete tumor resection (R0) was obtained in 24 (80%) of IDS patients versus 13 (43.3%) PDS patients. In fifteen months of follow-up, 21 (70%) in the PDS group and 5 (16.7%) in the IDS group recurred (</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">p</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> = 0.021). Median progression free survival in PDS patients was twelve months while that of the IDS group was seventeen months. There was one death at 45 days in the PDS group. No other deaths were documented at fifteen months of follow-up. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion</span></b></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Interval debulking surgery has a more favorable outcome than primary debulking surgery on progression free survival in advanced ovarian cancer patients </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">permits a less aggressive surgery to be performed in Bangladesh.</span></span></span>展开更多
The present study assessed the efficacy and safety of thoracic radiotherapy(TRT)following first-line chemotherapy or chemoimmunotherapy in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer(ES-SCLC),focusing on the ...The present study assessed the efficacy and safety of thoracic radiotherapy(TRT)following first-line chemotherapy or chemoimmunotherapy in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer(ES-SCLC),focusing on the influence of different TRT timing strategies(consolidative vs.salvage)on survival rates.We retrospectively analyzed a total of 54 patients with ES-SCLC treated between January 2019 and July 2022.Patients receiving consolidative TRT(cTRT)within three months after completion of first-line treatment were compared with those receiving salvage TRT(sTRT)after disease progression.The primary endpoints were overall survival(OS),progression-free survival(PFS),locoregional-free survival(LRFS),and distant metastasis-free survival(DMFS);the secondary endpoint included safety.The cTRT group(n=41)showed significantly longer median OS(26.6 vs.14.8 months,P=0.048),PFS(12.9 vs.3.5 months,P<0.0001),and DMFS(10.7 vs.3.4 months,P=0.0044)than the sTRT group(n=13).Multivariate analysis revealed that cTRT was an independent,favorable prognostic factor.No significant differences in OS or LRFS were observed between high-dose(≥50 Gy)and low-dose(<50 Gy)TRT.Hematologic and respiratory toxicities were the most frequently reported adverse events,with acceptable tolerability.In conclusion,cTRT after chemoimmunotherapy significantly improves survival outcomes for ES-SCLC patients,and low-dose TRT may be a suitable option.展开更多
Small cell lung cancer(SCLC), which accounts for about one-sixth of all lung cancer cases, is the most aggressive subtype, with a high propensity for brain involvement[1]. The role of prophylactic cranial irradiation(...Small cell lung cancer(SCLC), which accounts for about one-sixth of all lung cancer cases, is the most aggressive subtype, with a high propensity for brain involvement[1]. The role of prophylactic cranial irradiation(PCI) in reducing intracranial relapse and improving survival has been a subject of intense debate for decades.展开更多
Alterations in the mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor(MET)gene are critical drivers of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).In recent years advances in precision therapies targeting MET alterations have significant...Alterations in the mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor(MET)gene are critical drivers of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).In recent years advances in precision therapies targeting MET alterations have significantly expanded treatment options for NSCLC patients.These alterations include MET exon 14 skipping mutations(MET exon 14 skipping),MET gene amplifications,MET point mutations(primarily kinase domain mutations),and MET protein overexpression.Accurate identification of these alterations and appropriate selection of patient populations and targeted therapies are essential for improving clinical outcomes.The East China Lung Cancer Group,Youth Committee(ECLUNG YOUNG,Yangtze River Delta Lung Cancer Cooperation Group)has synthesized insights from China’s innovative drug development landscape and clinical practice to formulate an expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC patients with MET alterations.This consensus addresses key areas,such as optimal testing timing,testing methods,testing strategies,quality control measures,and treatment approaches.By offering standardized recommendations,this guidance aims to streamline diagnostic and therapeutic processes and enhance clinical decision-making for NSCLC with MET alterations.展开更多
Prostate cancer cells with stem cell characteristics were identified in human prostate cancer cell lines by their ability to form from single cells self-renewing prostaspheres in non-adherent cultures. Prostaspheres e...Prostate cancer cells with stem cell characteristics were identified in human prostate cancer cell lines by their ability to form from single cells self-renewing prostaspheres in non-adherent cultures. Prostaspheres exhibited heterogeneous expression of proliferation, differentiation and stem cell-associated makers CD44, ABCG2 and CD133. Treatment with WNT inhibitors reduced both prostasphere size and self-renewal. In contrast, addition of Wnt3a caused increased prostasphere size and self-renewal, which was associated with a significant increase in nuclear β-catenin, keratin 18, CD133 and CD44 expression. As a high proportion of LNCaP and C4-2B cancer ceils express androgen receptor we determined the effect of the androgen receptor antagonist bicalutamide. Androgen receptor inhibition reduced prostasphere size and expression of PSA, but did not inhibit prostasphere formation. These effects are consistent with the androgen-independent self-renewal of cells with stem cell characteristics and the androgen-dependent proliferation of transit amplifying cells. As the canonical WNT signaling effector β-catenin can also associate with the androgen receptor, we propose a model for tumour propagation involving a balance between WNT and androgen receptor activity. That would affect the self-renewal of a cancer cell with stem cell characteristics and drive transit amplifying cell proliferation and differentiation. In conclusion, we provide evidence that WNT activity regulates the selfrenewal of prostate cancer cells with stem cell characteristics independently of androgen receptor activity. Inhibition of WNT signaling therefore has the potential to reduce the self-renewal of prostate cancer cells with stem cell characteristics and improve the therapeutic outcome.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the role of the overexpression of B7-H3 in apoptosis in colorectal cancer cell lines and the underlying molecular mechanisms.METHODS:SW620 cells that highly overexpressed B7-H3(SW620-B7-H3-EGFP)and ...AIM:To investigate the role of the overexpression of B7-H3 in apoptosis in colorectal cancer cell lines and the underlying molecular mechanisms.METHODS:SW620 cells that highly overexpressed B7-H3(SW620-B7-H3-EGFP)and HCT8 cells stably transfected with B7-H3 sh RNA(HCT8-sh B7-H3)were previously constructed in our laboratory.Cells transfected with p IRES2-EGFP were used as negative controls(SW620-NC and HCT8-NC).Real-time PCR and western blotting analysis were used to detect the m RNA and protein expressions of the apoptosis regulator proteins Bcl-2,Bcl-xl and Bax.A cell proliferation assay was used to evaluate the survival rate and drug sensitivity of the cells.The effect of drug resistance was detected by a cell cycle assay.Active caspase-3western blotting was used to reflect the anti-apoptotic ability of cells.Western blotting was also performed to determine the expression of proteins associated with the Jak2-STAT3 signaling pathway and the apoptosis regulator proteins after the treatment with AG490,a Jak2 specific inhibitor,in B7-H3 overexpressing cells.The data were analyzed by Graph Pad Prism 6 using a non-paired t-test.RESULTS:Whether by overexpression in SW620cells or downregulation in HCT8,B7-H3 significantly affected the expression of anti-and pro-apoptotic proteins,at both the transcriptional and translational levels,compared with the negative control(P<0.05).A cell proliferation assay revealed that B7-H3overexpression increased the drug resistance of cells and resulted in a higher survival rate(P<0.05).In addition,the results of cell cycle and active caspase-3western blotting proved that B7-H3 overexpression inhibited apoptosis in colorectal cancer cell lines(P<0.05).B7-H3 overexpression improved Jak2 and STAT3phosphorylation and,in turn,increased the expression of the downstream anti-apoptotic proteins B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2(Bcl-2)and Bcl-xl,based on western blotting(P<0.05).After treating B7-H3 overexpressing cells with the Jak2-specific inhibitor AG490,the phosphorylation of Jak2 and STAT3,and the expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl,decreased accordingly(P<0.05).This finding suggested that the Jak2-STAT3 pathway is involved in the mechanism mediating the anti-apoptotic ability of B7-H3.CONCLUSION:The overexpression of B7-H3 induces resistance to apoptosis in colorectal cancer cell lines by upregulating the Jak2-STAT3 signaling pathway,potentially providing new approaches to the treatment of colorectal cancer.展开更多
AIM： To evaluate the impact of alcohol dehydrogenase-2 （ADH2） and aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 （ALDH2） polymorphisms on esophageal cancer susceptibility in Southeast Chinese males.METHODS： Two hundred and twenty-one...AIM： To evaluate the impact of alcohol dehydrogenase-2 （ADH2） and aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 （ALDH2） polymorphisms on esophageal cancer susceptibility in Southeast Chinese males.METHODS： Two hundred and twenty-one esophageal cancer patients and 292 healthy controls from Taixing city in Jiangsu Province were enrolled in this study. ADH2 and ALDH2 genotypes were examined by polymerase chain reaction and denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography. Unconditional logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratios （OR） and 95% confidence interval （CI）.RESULTS： The ADH G allele carriers were more susceptible to esophageal cancer, but no association was found between ADH2 genotypes and risk of esophageal cancer when disregarding alcohol drinking status. Regardless of ADH2 genotype, ALDH2G/A or A/A carriers had significantly increased risk of developing esophageal cancer, with homozygous individuals showing higher esophageal cancer risk than those who were heterozygous. A significant interaction between ALDH2 and drinking was detected regarding esophageal cancer risk; the OR was 3.05 （95% CI： 2.49-6.25）. Compared with non-drinkers carrying both ALDH2 G/G and ADH2 A/A, drinkers carrying both ALDH2 A allele and ADH2 G allele showed a significantly higher risk of developing esophageal cancer （OR = 8.36, 95% CI： 2.98-23.46）.CONCLUSION： Both ADH2 G allele and ALDH2 A allele significantly increase the risk of esophageal cancer development in Southeast Chinese males. ALDH2 A allele significantly increases the risk of esophageal cancer development especially in alcohol drinkers. Alcohol drinkers carrying both ADH2 G allele and ALDH2 A allele have a higher risk of developing esophageal cancer.展开更多
Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide. Drugs play a pivotal role in cancer treatment, but the complex biological processes of cancer cells seriously limit the efficacy of various anticancer drugs. Autophagy, ...Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide. Drugs play a pivotal role in cancer treatment, but the complex biological processes of cancer cells seriously limit the efficacy of various anticancer drugs. Autophagy, a self-degradative system that maintains cellular homeostasis, universally operates under normal and stress conditions in cancer cells. The roles of autophagy in cancer treatment are still controversial because both stimulation and inhibition of autophagy have been reported to enhance the effects of anticancer drugs. Thus, the important question arises as to whether we should try to strengthen or suppress autophagy during cancer therapy. Currently, autophagy can be divided into four main forms according to its different functions during cancer treatment: cytoprotective(cell survival), cytotoxic(cell death), cytostatic(growth arrest), and nonprotective(no contribution to cell death or survival). In addition, various cell death modes, such as apoptosis, necrosis, ferroptosis, senescence, and mitotic catastrophe, all contribute to the anticancer effects of drugs. The interaction between autophagy and these cell death modes is complex and can lead to anticancer drugs having different or even completely opposite effects on treatment. Therefore, it is important to understand the underlying contexts in which autophagy inhibition or activation will be beneficial or detrimental.That is, appropriate therapeutic strategies should be adopted in light of the different functions of autophagy. This review provides an overview of recent insights into the evolving relationship between autophagy and cancer treatment.展开更多
One of the strongest risk factors for prostate cancer is a family history of the disease. Germline mutations in the breast cancer predisposition gene 2 （BRCA2） are the genetic events known to date that confer the hi...One of the strongest risk factors for prostate cancer is a family history of the disease. Germline mutations in the breast cancer predisposition gene 2 （BRCA2） are the genetic events known to date that confer the highest risk of prostate cancer （8.6-fold in men ≤ 65 years）. Although the role of BRCA2 and BRCA1 in prostate tumorigenesis remains unrevealed, deleterious mutations in both genes have been associated with more aggressive disease and poor clinical outcomes. The increasing incidence of prostate cancer worldwide supports the need for new methods to predict outcome and identify patients with potentially lethal forms of the disease. As we present here, BRCA germline mutations, mainly in the BRCA2gene, are one of those predictive factors. We will also discuss the implications of these mutations in the management of prostate cancer and hypothesize on the potential for the development of strategies for sooradic cases with similar characteristics.展开更多
Non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)accounts for about 85%of all lung cancer cases.The pathogenesis of NSCLC involves complex gene networks that include different types of non-coding RNAs,such as long non-coding RNAs(lnc...Non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)accounts for about 85%of all lung cancer cases.The pathogenesis of NSCLC involves complex gene networks that include different types of non-coding RNAs,such as long non-coding RNAs(lnc RNAs).The role of lnc RNAs in NSCLC is gaining an increasing interest as their function is being explored in various human cancers.Recently,a new oncogenic lnc RNA,LINC00152(cytoskeleton regulator RNA(CYTOR)),has been identified in different tumor types.In NSCLC,the high expression of LINC00152 in tumor tissue and peripheral blood samples has been shown to be associated with worse prognoses of NSCLC patients.Overexpression of LINC00152 has been confirmed to promote the proliferation,invasion,and migration of NSCLC cells in vitro,as well as increase tumor growth in vivo.This review discusses the role of LINC00152 in NSCLC.展开更多
AIM To investigate the expression and clinical significance of B7 homolog 3(B7-H3) and β-1,3-galactosyltransferase-4(B3 GALT4) in colorectal cancer(CRC) patients.METHODS Using tissue microarray, we identified the exp...AIM To investigate the expression and clinical significance of B7 homolog 3(B7-H3) and β-1,3-galactosyltransferase-4(B3 GALT4) in colorectal cancer(CRC) patients.METHODS Using tissue microarray, we identified the expression of B7-H3 and B3 GALT4 in 223 CRC patient samples by immunohistochemistry and evaluated the possible correlation between B7-H3 and B3 GALT4 and clinicaloutcomes. Further, the m RNA and protein expression were identified to establish the regulatory relationship of B7-H3 with B3 GALT4 in vitro.RESULTS A significant positive correlation between B7-H3 and B3 GALT4 was observed in CRC specimens(r = 0.219, P = 0.001). High expression of B7-H3 was identified as a significant independent predictor of poor overall survival(OS) [hazard ratio(HR) = 1.781; 95%CI: 1.027-3.089; P = 0.040]. Moreover, high expression of B3 GALT4 was also recognized as an independent predictor of inferior OS(HR = 1.597; 95%CI: 1.007-2.533; P = 0.047). Additionally, CRC patients expressing both high B7-H3 and high B3 GALT4 contributed to a significant decrease in OS(HR = 2.283; 95%CI: 1.289-4.042; P = 0.005). In CRC cell lines with stable expression of high B7-H3, the m RNA and protein expressions of B3 GALT4 were significantly upregulated. Similarly, the expression of B3 GALT4 was significantly reduced when expression of B7-H3 was knocked down.CONCLUSION The expression of B3 GALT4 in CRC is positively correlated with B7-H3 expression in vitro. B7-H3/B3 GLAT4 may be used as dual prognostic biomarkers for CRC.展开更多
RNA interference(RNAi)has become a gold standard for validating gene function in basic life science research and provides a promising therapeutic modality for cancer and other diseases.This minireview focuses on the p...RNA interference(RNAi)has become a gold standard for validating gene function in basic life science research and provides a promising therapeutic modality for cancer and other diseases.This minireview focuses on the potential of small interfering RNAs(siRNAs)in anticancer treatment,including the establishment and screening of cancer-associated siRNA libraries and their applications in anticancer drug target discovery and cancer therapy.This article also describes the current delivery approaches of siRNAs using lipids,polymers,and,in particular,gold nanoparticles to induce significant gene silencing and tumor growth regression.展开更多
BACKGROUND Recent evidence showed that combining endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)and laparoscopic sentinel lymph node dissection may avoid unnecessary gastrectomy in treating early mucinous gastric cancer(EMGC)pa...BACKGROUND Recent evidence showed that combining endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)and laparoscopic sentinel lymph node dissection may avoid unnecessary gastrectomy in treating early mucinous gastric cancer(EMGC)patients with risks of positive lymph node metastasis(pLNM).AIM To explore the predictive factors for pLNM in EMGC,and to optimize the clinical application of combing ESD and sentinel lymph node dissection in a proper subgroup of patients with EMGC.METHODS Thirty-one patients with EMGC who had undergone gastrectomy with lymph node dissection were consecutively enrolled from January 1988 to December 2016.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the association between the rates of pLNM and clinicopathological factors,providing odds ratio(OR)with 95%confidence interval.And the association between the number of predictors and the pLNM rate was also investigated.RESULTS Depth of invasion(OR=7.342,1.127-33.256,P=0.039),tumor diameter(OR=9.158,1.348-29.133,P=0.044),and lymphatic vessel involvement(OR=27.749,1.821-33.143,P=0.019)turned out to be significant and might be the independent risk factors for predicating pLNM in the multivariate analysis.For patients with 1,2,and 3 risk factors,the pLNM rates were 9.1%,33.3%,and 75.0%,respectively.pLNM was not detected in seven patients without any of these risk factors.CONCLUSION ESD might serve as a safe and sufficient treatment for intramucosal EMGC if tumor size≤2 cm,and when lymphatic vessel involvement is absent by postoperative histological examination.Combining ESD and sentinel lymph node dissection could be recommended as a safe and effective treatment for EMGC patients with a potential risk of pLNM.展开更多
While obesity and fat intake have been associated with the risk and prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer, the association between the lipid levels and epithelial ovarian cancer phenotype remains controversial. We co...While obesity and fat intake have been associated with the risk and prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer, the association between the lipid levels and epithelial ovarian cancer phenotype remains controversial. We conducted a retrospective study of 349 epithelial ovarian cancer patients who received treatment at Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, China between 2011 and 2017. We analyzed age at diagnosis, blood pressure, plasma glucose content, body mass index（BMI）, lipid levels and clinical parameters. Severity of epithelial ovarian cancer was classified according to the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics（FIGO） grading system. Univariate analysis of the clinical factors according to the severity of epithelial ovarian cancer was followed by logistic regression analysis to identify clinical factors significantly associated with epithelial ovarian cancer severity. Univariate analysis indicated that age,BMI, triglyceride（TG）, and high density lipoproteins（HDL） differed significantly among different stages of epithelial ovarian cancer（P〈0.05）. In the logistic regression model, elevated TG（OR： 1.883; 95% CI= 1.207-2.937）, and low HDL（OR： 0.497; 95% CI = 0.298-0.829） levels were significantly associated with the high severity epithelial ovarian cancer. Our data indicate that high TG and low HDL levels correlate with a high severity of epithelial ovarian cancer. These data provide important insight into the potential relationship between the lipid pathway and epithelial ovarian cancer phenotype and development.展开更多
Objective In recent years, the rising incidence of cancer has increased patients’ living and economic burdens. This study analyzed the incidence and death due to malignant tumors in tumor registries in Heilongjiang p...Objective In recent years, the rising incidence of cancer has increased patients’ living and economic burdens. This study analyzed the incidence and death due to malignant tumors in tumor registries in Heilongjiang province (China) in 2015 to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of malignant tumors in this province. Methods Data on tumor incidence and patient deaths were collected from seven tumor registries in Heilongjiang province (China) in 2015. According to the stratification of urban and rural areas and patient sex, the crude, standard, and accumulative rates (0–74 years of age) were calculated. The 2000 China Population Census data and Segi’s standard population were used to calculate the age-standardized rates. Results In 2015, the incidence rate of malignant tumors in Heilongjiang cancer registries was 259.90/100 000. The age-standardized incidence rates in the Chinese and world standard populations were 158.89/100 000 and 155.06/100 000, respectively, with a cumulative incidence rate (0–74 years) of 17.68%. The incidence of malignant tumors in urban areas was 273.55/100 000, while that in rural areas was 220.32/100 000. The incidence of malignant tumors in men was 270.89/100 000, higher than that in women (249.04/100 000). Lung cancer had the highest incidence, followed by breast cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer, and thyroid cancer. The mortality rate of malignant tumors in Heilongjiang cancer registries was 164.69/100 000. The age-standardized mortality rates in Chinese and in world standard populations were 95.29/100 000 and 94.35/100 000, respectively, with a cumulative mortality rate (0–74 years) of 10.44%. The mortality rate of malignant tumors in urban areas was 169.51/100 000, while that in rural areas was 150.72/100 000. The mortality rate of malignant tumors in men was 201.64/100 000, higher than that in women (128.21/100 000). Lung cancer had the highest mortality, followed by liver cancer, stomach cancer, colorectal cancer, and breast cancer. Conclusion Lung, liver, breast, and colorectal cancers were the most common cancers in Heilongjiang province, China, and should be considered the key cancer types for prevention and treatment. Moreover, the incidence of thyroid cancer is increasing, and thus early preventative measures should be implemented.展开更多
Background:Surveying regional cancer incidence and mortality provides significant data that can assist in making health policy for local areas;however,the province- and region-based cancer burden in China is seldom re...Background:Surveying regional cancer incidence and mortality provides significant data that can assist in making health policy for local areas;however,the province- and region-based cancer burden in China is seldom reported.In this study,we estimated cancer incidence and mortality in Guangdong Province,China and presented basic information for making policies related to health resource allocation and disease control.Methods:A log-linear model was used to calculate the sex-,age-,and registry-specific ratios of incidence to mortality(l/M) based on cancer registry data from Guangzhou,Zhongshan,and Sihui between 2004 and 2008.The cancer incidences in 2009 were then estimated according to representative l/M ratios and the mortality records from eight death surveillance sites in Guangdong Province.The cancer incidences in each city were estimated by the corresponding sex- and age-specific incidences from cancer registries or death surveillance sites in each area.Finally,the total and region-based cancer incidences and mortalities for the entire population of Guangdong Province were summarized.Results:The estimated l/M ratios in Guangzhou(3.658),Zhongshan(2.153),and Sihui(1.527) were significantly different(P < 0.001),with an average l/M ratio of 2.446.Significant differences in the estimated l/M ratios were observed between distinct age groups and the three cancer registries.The estimated l/M ratio in females was significantly higher than that in males(2.864 vs.2.027,P < 0.001).It was estimated that there were 163,376 new cancer cases(99,689 males and 63,687 females) in 2009;it was further estimated that 115,049 people(75,054 males and 39,995females) died from cancer in Guangdong Province in 2009.The estimated crude and age-standardized rate of incidences(ASRI) in Guangdong Province were 231.34 and 246.87 per 100,000 males,respectively,and 156.98 and 163.57 per 100,000 females,respectively.The estimated crude and age-standardized rate of mortalities(ASRM) in Guangdong Province were 174.17 and 187.46 per 100,000 males,respectively,and 98.59 and 102.00 per 100,000 females,respectively.In comparison with the western area and the northern mountain area,higher ASRI and ASRM were recorded in the Pearl River Delta area and the eastern area in both males and females.Conclusions:Cancer imposes a heavy disease burden,and cancer patterns are unevenly distributed throughout Guangdong Province.More health resources should be allocated to cancer control,especially in the western and northern mountain areas.展开更多
As a well-known anticancer drug,paclitaxel(PTX),a first-line chemotherapeutic agent,remains unsatisfactory for gastric cancer therapy.It is reported that triptolide(TPL)could enhance the anti-gastric cancer effect of ...As a well-known anticancer drug,paclitaxel(PTX),a first-line chemotherapeutic agent,remains unsatisfactory for gastric cancer therapy.It is reported that triptolide(TPL)could enhance the anti-gastric cancer effect of PTX.Considering the poor solubility of both drugs,we developed a red blood cell membrane-biomimetic nanosystem,an emerging tool in drug delivery,to co-load paclitaxel and triptolide(red blood cell membrane coated PTX and TPL co-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)[PLGA]nanoparticles,RP(P/T)).The successful preparation was confirmed in terms of particle size,morphology,and surface markers assays.This biomimetic system could prolong circulation and escape immune surveillance.And these properties were verified by stability,in vitro drug release,and cellular uptake assays.Moreover,the MTT and colony formation assays demonstrated the superior anti-proliferation effect of the RP(P/T)to free drugs.The enhanced antitumor effects of RP(P/T)on migration and invasion were also evaluated by wound-healing and transwell assays.Overall,the bionic co-delivery nanoplatform with improved efficacy in vitro is a promising therapy for gastric cancer.展开更多
BACKGROUND Colon cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide,and chemotherapy is a widely used strategy in colon cancer clinical therapy.However,chemotherapy resistance is a major cause of disease recurren...BACKGROUND Colon cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide,and chemotherapy is a widely used strategy in colon cancer clinical therapy.However,chemotherapy resistance is a major cause of disease recurrence and progression in colon cancer,and thus novel drugs for treatment are urgently needed.Tetramethylpyrazine(TMP),a component of the traditional Chinese medicine Chuanxiong Hort,has been proven to exhibit a beneficial effect in tumors.AIM To investigate the potential anticancer activity of TMP in colon cancer and its underlying mechanisms.METHODS Colon cancer cells were incubated with different concentrations of TMP.Cell viability was evaluated by crystal violet staining assay and cell counting kit-8 assay,and cell apoptosis and cell cycle were assessed by flow cytometry.RESULTS TMP significantly inhibited the proliferation of colon cancer cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner.In addition,flow cytometry revealed that TMP induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase.TMP treatment caused early stage apoptosis in SW480 cells,whereas it caused late stage apoptosis in HCT116 cells.CONCLUSION Our studies demonstrated that TMP inhibits the proliferation of colon cancer cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner by inducing apoptosis and arresting the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase.Our findings suggest that TMP might serve as a potential novel therapeutic drug in the treatment of human colon cancer.展开更多
BACKGROUND Radical surgery is the most commonly used treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).However,the surgical effect remains not ideal,and prognostic evaluation is insufficient.Furthermore,clinical interventio...BACKGROUND Radical surgery is the most commonly used treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).However,the surgical effect remains not ideal,and prognostic evaluation is insufficient.Furthermore,clinical intervention is rife with uncertainty and not conducive to prolonging patient survival.AIM To explore correlations between the systemic immune inflammatory index(SII)and geriatric nutritional risk index(GNRI)and HCC operation prognosis.METHODS This retrospective study included and collected follow up data from 100 HCC.Kaplan–Meier survival curves were used to analyze the correlation between SII and GNRI scores and survival.SII and GNRI were calculated as follows:SII=neutrophil count×platelet count/lymphocyte count;GNRI=[1.489×albumin(g/L)+41.7×actual weight/ideal weight].We analyzed the predictive efficacy of the SII and GNRI in HCC patients using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves,and the relationships between the SII,GNRI,and survival rate using Kaplan–Meier survival curves.Cox regression analysis was utilized to analyze independent risk factors influencing prognosis.RESULTS After 1 year of follow-up,24 patients died and 76 survived.The area under the curve(AUC),sensitivity,specificity,and the optimal cutoff value of SII were 0.728(95%confidence interval:0.600-0.856),79.2%,63.2%,and 309.14,respectively.According to ROC curve analysis results for predicting postoperative death in HCC patients,the AUC of SII and GNRI combination was higher than that of SII or GNRI alone,and SII was higher than that of GNRI(P<0.05).The proportion of advanced differentiated tumors,tumor maximum diameter(5–10 cm,>10 cm),lymph node metastasis,and TNM stage III-IV in patients with SII>309.14 was higher than that in patients with SII≤309.14(P<0.05).The proportion of patients aged>70 years was higher in patients with GNRI≤98 than that in patients with GNRI>98(P<0.05).The 1-year survival rate of the SII>309.14 group(compared with the SII≤309.14 group)and GNRI≤98 group(compared with the GNRI>98 group)was lower(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The prognosis after radical resection of HCC is related to the SII and GNRI and poor in high SII or low GNRI patients.展开更多
Objective:Integration of risk stratification into fecal immunochemical test(FIT)might aid in the suboptimal detection of advanced neoplasms by FIT in colorectal cancer(CRC)screening.A comparative study was conducted t...Objective:Integration of risk stratification into fecal immunochemical test(FIT)might aid in the suboptimal detection of advanced neoplasms by FIT in colorectal cancer(CRC)screening.A comparative study was conducted to evaluate the participation and diagnostic yield of the parallel combination of questionnaire-based risk assessment(QRA)and FIT,FIT-only and QRA-only strategies in a CRC screening program in China.Methods:The study included 29,626 individuals aged 40-74 years and invited to participate in a CRC screening program in China.Participants were first invited to undertake QRA and one-time FIT(OC-sensor).Participants with positive QRA or FIT were deemed to be high-risk individuals who were recommended for subsequent colonoscopy.Participation,detection rate,and resource demand for colonoscopy were calculated and compared.Results:Of the 29,626 invitees,20,203 completed the parallel combination,8,592 completed the QRA-only,and11 completed the FIT-only strategy.For the parallel combination,FIT-only,and QRA-only strategies,the overall positivity rates were 10.2%(2,928/28,806),5.4%(1,096/20,214),and 6.8%(1,944/28,795),respectively;the yield of advanced neoplasm per 10,000 invitees were 46.9[95%confidence interval(95%CI):39.8-55.4],36.8(95%CI:30.5-44.4),and 12.2(95%CI:8.8-16.8),respectively;the positive predictive values for detecting advanced neoplasms among participants who completed colonoscopy were 4.7%(95%CI:4.0%-5.6%),9.9%(95%CI:8.3%-11.9%),and 1.9%(95%CI:1.3%-2.6%),respectively;the number of colonoscopies required to detect one advanced neoplasm was 11.4(95%CI:9.8-13.4),5.7(95%CI:4.8-6.7),and 28.4(95%CI:20.7-39.2),respectively.Conclusions:The parallel combination of QRA and FIT did not show superior efficacy for detecting advanced neoplasm compared with FIT alone in this CRC screening program.展开更多
文摘<strong>Introduction:</strong><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> This study evaluated the difference in operative and clinica</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">l outc</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">omes for patients with advanced ovarian cancer after primary debulking</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> surgery (PDS) versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed by interval debul</span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">king surgery (IDS) in Bangladesh. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Sixty patients with a</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">dvanced epit</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">helial ovarian cancer presenting to the department of Gynaecologi</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">cal Oncology at the National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital were prospectively enrolled. Thirty patients underwent primary debulking surgery and thirty patients received NACT followed by IDS. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> In the PDS and IDS groups respectively, 56.7% and 50% of patients presented with stage IIIC and 67.7% and 56.7% respectively had ser</span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">i</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ous papillary type histopathology. Duration of surgery, amount of blood loss and total hospital stay were significantly lower (p < 0.001) in IDS group than </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">in </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the PDS group. There was a statistically significant difference in postoperative tumor residuals between IDS and PDS patients. Complete tumor resection (R0) was obtained in 24 (80%) of IDS patients versus 13 (43.3%) PDS patients. In fifteen months of follow-up, 21 (70%) in the PDS group and 5 (16.7%) in the IDS group recurred (</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">p</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> = 0.021). Median progression free survival in PDS patients was twelve months while that of the IDS group was seventeen months. There was one death at 45 days in the PDS group. No other deaths were documented at fifteen months of follow-up. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion</span></b></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Interval debulking surgery has a more favorable outcome than primary debulking surgery on progression free survival in advanced ovarian cancer patients </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">permits a less aggressive surgery to be performed in Bangladesh.</span></span></span>
基金supported by the Young Talents Program of Jiangsu Cancer Hospital(Grant No.QL201802)the Science and Technology Development Fund of Jiangsu Cancer Hospital(Grant No.ZL202105).
文摘The present study assessed the efficacy and safety of thoracic radiotherapy(TRT)following first-line chemotherapy or chemoimmunotherapy in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer(ES-SCLC),focusing on the influence of different TRT timing strategies(consolidative vs.salvage)on survival rates.We retrospectively analyzed a total of 54 patients with ES-SCLC treated between January 2019 and July 2022.Patients receiving consolidative TRT(cTRT)within three months after completion of first-line treatment were compared with those receiving salvage TRT(sTRT)after disease progression.The primary endpoints were overall survival(OS),progression-free survival(PFS),locoregional-free survival(LRFS),and distant metastasis-free survival(DMFS);the secondary endpoint included safety.The cTRT group(n=41)showed significantly longer median OS(26.6 vs.14.8 months,P=0.048),PFS(12.9 vs.3.5 months,P<0.0001),and DMFS(10.7 vs.3.4 months,P=0.0044)than the sTRT group(n=13).Multivariate analysis revealed that cTRT was an independent,favorable prognostic factor.No significant differences in OS or LRFS were observed between high-dose(≥50 Gy)and low-dose(<50 Gy)TRT.Hematologic and respiratory toxicities were the most frequently reported adverse events,with acceptable tolerability.In conclusion,cTRT after chemoimmunotherapy significantly improves survival outcomes for ES-SCLC patients,and low-dose TRT may be a suitable option.
文摘Small cell lung cancer(SCLC), which accounts for about one-sixth of all lung cancer cases, is the most aggressive subtype, with a high propensity for brain involvement[1]. The role of prophylactic cranial irradiation(PCI) in reducing intracranial relapse and improving survival has been a subject of intense debate for decades.
文摘Alterations in the mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor(MET)gene are critical drivers of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).In recent years advances in precision therapies targeting MET alterations have significantly expanded treatment options for NSCLC patients.These alterations include MET exon 14 skipping mutations(MET exon 14 skipping),MET gene amplifications,MET point mutations(primarily kinase domain mutations),and MET protein overexpression.Accurate identification of these alterations and appropriate selection of patient populations and targeted therapies are essential for improving clinical outcomes.The East China Lung Cancer Group,Youth Committee(ECLUNG YOUNG,Yangtze River Delta Lung Cancer Cooperation Group)has synthesized insights from China’s innovative drug development landscape and clinical practice to formulate an expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC patients with MET alterations.This consensus addresses key areas,such as optimal testing timing,testing methods,testing strategies,quality control measures,and treatment approaches.By offering standardized recommendations,this guidance aims to streamline diagnostic and therapeutic processes and enhance clinical decision-making for NSCLC with MET alterations.
文摘Prostate cancer cells with stem cell characteristics were identified in human prostate cancer cell lines by their ability to form from single cells self-renewing prostaspheres in non-adherent cultures. Prostaspheres exhibited heterogeneous expression of proliferation, differentiation and stem cell-associated makers CD44, ABCG2 and CD133. Treatment with WNT inhibitors reduced both prostasphere size and self-renewal. In contrast, addition of Wnt3a caused increased prostasphere size and self-renewal, which was associated with a significant increase in nuclear β-catenin, keratin 18, CD133 and CD44 expression. As a high proportion of LNCaP and C4-2B cancer ceils express androgen receptor we determined the effect of the androgen receptor antagonist bicalutamide. Androgen receptor inhibition reduced prostasphere size and expression of PSA, but did not inhibit prostasphere formation. These effects are consistent with the androgen-independent self-renewal of cells with stem cell characteristics and the androgen-dependent proliferation of transit amplifying cells. As the canonical WNT signaling effector β-catenin can also associate with the androgen receptor, we propose a model for tumour propagation involving a balance between WNT and androgen receptor activity. That would affect the self-renewal of a cancer cell with stem cell characteristics and drive transit amplifying cell proliferation and differentiation. In conclusion, we provide evidence that WNT activity regulates the selfrenewal of prostate cancer cells with stem cell characteristics independently of androgen receptor activity. Inhibition of WNT signaling therefore has the potential to reduce the self-renewal of prostate cancer cells with stem cell characteristics and improve the therapeutic outcome.
基金Supported by Project of Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,No.BK2012542the Project of Hospital Management Center of Wuxi City,No.YGZ1108
文摘AIM:To investigate the role of the overexpression of B7-H3 in apoptosis in colorectal cancer cell lines and the underlying molecular mechanisms.METHODS:SW620 cells that highly overexpressed B7-H3(SW620-B7-H3-EGFP)and HCT8 cells stably transfected with B7-H3 sh RNA(HCT8-sh B7-H3)were previously constructed in our laboratory.Cells transfected with p IRES2-EGFP were used as negative controls(SW620-NC and HCT8-NC).Real-time PCR and western blotting analysis were used to detect the m RNA and protein expressions of the apoptosis regulator proteins Bcl-2,Bcl-xl and Bax.A cell proliferation assay was used to evaluate the survival rate and drug sensitivity of the cells.The effect of drug resistance was detected by a cell cycle assay.Active caspase-3western blotting was used to reflect the anti-apoptotic ability of cells.Western blotting was also performed to determine the expression of proteins associated with the Jak2-STAT3 signaling pathway and the apoptosis regulator proteins after the treatment with AG490,a Jak2 specific inhibitor,in B7-H3 overexpressing cells.The data were analyzed by Graph Pad Prism 6 using a non-paired t-test.RESULTS:Whether by overexpression in SW620cells or downregulation in HCT8,B7-H3 significantly affected the expression of anti-and pro-apoptotic proteins,at both the transcriptional and translational levels,compared with the negative control(P<0.05).A cell proliferation assay revealed that B7-H3overexpression increased the drug resistance of cells and resulted in a higher survival rate(P<0.05).In addition,the results of cell cycle and active caspase-3western blotting proved that B7-H3 overexpression inhibited apoptosis in colorectal cancer cell lines(P<0.05).B7-H3 overexpression improved Jak2 and STAT3phosphorylation and,in turn,increased the expression of the downstream anti-apoptotic proteins B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2(Bcl-2)and Bcl-xl,based on western blotting(P<0.05).After treating B7-H3 overexpressing cells with the Jak2-specific inhibitor AG490,the phosphorylation of Jak2 and STAT3,and the expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl,decreased accordingly(P<0.05).This finding suggested that the Jak2-STAT3 pathway is involved in the mechanism mediating the anti-apoptotic ability of B7-H3.CONCLUSION:The overexpression of B7-H3 induces resistance to apoptosis in colorectal cancer cell lines by upregulating the Jak2-STAT3 signaling pathway,potentially providing new approaches to the treatment of colorectal cancer.
基金Supported by Grant from Department of Health,No.H200526,Jiangsu Province,China
文摘AIM： To evaluate the impact of alcohol dehydrogenase-2 （ADH2） and aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 （ALDH2） polymorphisms on esophageal cancer susceptibility in Southeast Chinese males.METHODS： Two hundred and twenty-one esophageal cancer patients and 292 healthy controls from Taixing city in Jiangsu Province were enrolled in this study. ADH2 and ALDH2 genotypes were examined by polymerase chain reaction and denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography. Unconditional logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratios （OR） and 95% confidence interval （CI）.RESULTS： The ADH G allele carriers were more susceptible to esophageal cancer, but no association was found between ADH2 genotypes and risk of esophageal cancer when disregarding alcohol drinking status. Regardless of ADH2 genotype, ALDH2G/A or A/A carriers had significantly increased risk of developing esophageal cancer, with homozygous individuals showing higher esophageal cancer risk than those who were heterozygous. A significant interaction between ALDH2 and drinking was detected regarding esophageal cancer risk; the OR was 3.05 （95% CI： 2.49-6.25）. Compared with non-drinkers carrying both ALDH2 G/G and ADH2 A/A, drinkers carrying both ALDH2 A allele and ADH2 G allele showed a significantly higher risk of developing esophageal cancer （OR = 8.36, 95% CI： 2.98-23.46）.CONCLUSION： Both ADH2 G allele and ALDH2 A allele significantly increase the risk of esophageal cancer development in Southeast Chinese males. ALDH2 A allele significantly increases the risk of esophageal cancer development especially in alcohol drinkers. Alcohol drinkers carrying both ADH2 G allele and ALDH2 A allele have a higher risk of developing esophageal cancer.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81903642)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2020M681528)+3 种基金the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.2021K369C)the Jiangsu Cancer Hospital Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.SZL202015)the Basic Scientific Research Business Expense Project of China Pharmaceutical University(No.2632021ZD07)the Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development(PADP)of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions,China。
文摘Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide. Drugs play a pivotal role in cancer treatment, but the complex biological processes of cancer cells seriously limit the efficacy of various anticancer drugs. Autophagy, a self-degradative system that maintains cellular homeostasis, universally operates under normal and stress conditions in cancer cells. The roles of autophagy in cancer treatment are still controversial because both stimulation and inhibition of autophagy have been reported to enhance the effects of anticancer drugs. Thus, the important question arises as to whether we should try to strengthen or suppress autophagy during cancer therapy. Currently, autophagy can be divided into four main forms according to its different functions during cancer treatment: cytoprotective(cell survival), cytotoxic(cell death), cytostatic(growth arrest), and nonprotective(no contribution to cell death or survival). In addition, various cell death modes, such as apoptosis, necrosis, ferroptosis, senescence, and mitotic catastrophe, all contribute to the anticancer effects of drugs. The interaction between autophagy and these cell death modes is complex and can lead to anticancer drugs having different or even completely opposite effects on treatment. Therefore, it is important to understand the underlying contexts in which autophagy inhibition or activation will be beneficial or detrimental.That is, appropriate therapeutic strategies should be adopted in light of the different functions of autophagy. This review provides an overview of recent insights into the evolving relationship between autophagy and cancer treatment.
文摘One of the strongest risk factors for prostate cancer is a family history of the disease. Germline mutations in the breast cancer predisposition gene 2 （BRCA2） are the genetic events known to date that confer the highest risk of prostate cancer （8.6-fold in men ≤ 65 years）. Although the role of BRCA2 and BRCA1 in prostate tumorigenesis remains unrevealed, deleterious mutations in both genes have been associated with more aggressive disease and poor clinical outcomes. The increasing incidence of prostate cancer worldwide supports the need for new methods to predict outcome and identify patients with potentially lethal forms of the disease. As we present here, BRCA germline mutations, mainly in the BRCA2gene, are one of those predictive factors. We will also discuss the implications of these mutations in the management of prostate cancer and hypothesize on the potential for the development of strategies for sooradic cases with similar characteristics.
基金Project supported by the Health Technology Innovation Project of Jilin Province(No.2017J025),China.
文摘Non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)accounts for about 85%of all lung cancer cases.The pathogenesis of NSCLC involves complex gene networks that include different types of non-coding RNAs,such as long non-coding RNAs(lnc RNAs).The role of lnc RNAs in NSCLC is gaining an increasing interest as their function is being explored in various human cancers.Recently,a new oncogenic lnc RNA,LINC00152(cytoskeleton regulator RNA(CYTOR)),has been identified in different tumor types.In NSCLC,the high expression of LINC00152 in tumor tissue and peripheral blood samples has been shown to be associated with worse prognoses of NSCLC patients.Overexpression of LINC00152 has been confirmed to promote the proliferation,invasion,and migration of NSCLC cells in vitro,as well as increase tumor growth in vivo.This review discusses the role of LINC00152 in NSCLC.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,No.BK20171150the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81502042
文摘AIM To investigate the expression and clinical significance of B7 homolog 3(B7-H3) and β-1,3-galactosyltransferase-4(B3 GALT4) in colorectal cancer(CRC) patients.METHODS Using tissue microarray, we identified the expression of B7-H3 and B3 GALT4 in 223 CRC patient samples by immunohistochemistry and evaluated the possible correlation between B7-H3 and B3 GALT4 and clinicaloutcomes. Further, the m RNA and protein expression were identified to establish the regulatory relationship of B7-H3 with B3 GALT4 in vitro.RESULTS A significant positive correlation between B7-H3 and B3 GALT4 was observed in CRC specimens(r = 0.219, P = 0.001). High expression of B7-H3 was identified as a significant independent predictor of poor overall survival(OS) [hazard ratio(HR) = 1.781; 95%CI: 1.027-3.089; P = 0.040]. Moreover, high expression of B3 GALT4 was also recognized as an independent predictor of inferior OS(HR = 1.597; 95%CI: 1.007-2.533; P = 0.047). Additionally, CRC patients expressing both high B7-H3 and high B3 GALT4 contributed to a significant decrease in OS(HR = 2.283; 95%CI: 1.289-4.042; P = 0.005). In CRC cell lines with stable expression of high B7-H3, the m RNA and protein expressions of B3 GALT4 were significantly upregulated. Similarly, the expression of B3 GALT4 was significantly reduced when expression of B7-H3 was knocked down.CONCLUSION The expression of B3 GALT4 in CRC is positively correlated with B7-H3 expression in vitro. B7-H3/B3 GLAT4 may be used as dual prognostic biomarkers for CRC.
文摘RNA interference(RNAi)has become a gold standard for validating gene function in basic life science research and provides a promising therapeutic modality for cancer and other diseases.This minireview focuses on the potential of small interfering RNAs(siRNAs)in anticancer treatment,including the establishment and screening of cancer-associated siRNA libraries and their applications in anticancer drug target discovery and cancer therapy.This article also describes the current delivery approaches of siRNAs using lipids,polymers,and,in particular,gold nanoparticles to induce significant gene silencing and tumor growth regression.
文摘BACKGROUND Recent evidence showed that combining endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)and laparoscopic sentinel lymph node dissection may avoid unnecessary gastrectomy in treating early mucinous gastric cancer(EMGC)patients with risks of positive lymph node metastasis(pLNM).AIM To explore the predictive factors for pLNM in EMGC,and to optimize the clinical application of combing ESD and sentinel lymph node dissection in a proper subgroup of patients with EMGC.METHODS Thirty-one patients with EMGC who had undergone gastrectomy with lymph node dissection were consecutively enrolled from January 1988 to December 2016.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the association between the rates of pLNM and clinicopathological factors,providing odds ratio(OR)with 95%confidence interval.And the association between the number of predictors and the pLNM rate was also investigated.RESULTS Depth of invasion(OR=7.342,1.127-33.256,P=0.039),tumor diameter(OR=9.158,1.348-29.133,P=0.044),and lymphatic vessel involvement(OR=27.749,1.821-33.143,P=0.019)turned out to be significant and might be the independent risk factors for predicating pLNM in the multivariate analysis.For patients with 1,2,and 3 risk factors,the pLNM rates were 9.1%,33.3%,and 75.0%,respectively.pLNM was not detected in seven patients without any of these risk factors.CONCLUSION ESD might serve as a safe and sufficient treatment for intramucosal EMGC if tumor size≤2 cm,and when lymphatic vessel involvement is absent by postoperative histological examination.Combining ESD and sentinel lymph node dissection could be recommended as a safe and effective treatment for EMGC patients with a potential risk of pLNM.
基金supported by Jiangsu Cancer Hospital (ZK201606ZK201610)
文摘While obesity and fat intake have been associated with the risk and prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer, the association between the lipid levels and epithelial ovarian cancer phenotype remains controversial. We conducted a retrospective study of 349 epithelial ovarian cancer patients who received treatment at Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, China between 2011 and 2017. We analyzed age at diagnosis, blood pressure, plasma glucose content, body mass index（BMI）, lipid levels and clinical parameters. Severity of epithelial ovarian cancer was classified according to the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics（FIGO） grading system. Univariate analysis of the clinical factors according to the severity of epithelial ovarian cancer was followed by logistic regression analysis to identify clinical factors significantly associated with epithelial ovarian cancer severity. Univariate analysis indicated that age,BMI, triglyceride（TG）, and high density lipoproteins（HDL） differed significantly among different stages of epithelial ovarian cancer（P〈0.05）. In the logistic regression model, elevated TG（OR： 1.883; 95% CI= 1.207-2.937）, and low HDL（OR： 0.497; 95% CI = 0.298-0.829） levels were significantly associated with the high severity epithelial ovarian cancer. Our data indicate that high TG and low HDL levels correlate with a high severity of epithelial ovarian cancer. These data provide important insight into the potential relationship between the lipid pathway and epithelial ovarian cancer phenotype and development.
文摘Objective In recent years, the rising incidence of cancer has increased patients’ living and economic burdens. This study analyzed the incidence and death due to malignant tumors in tumor registries in Heilongjiang province (China) in 2015 to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of malignant tumors in this province. Methods Data on tumor incidence and patient deaths were collected from seven tumor registries in Heilongjiang province (China) in 2015. According to the stratification of urban and rural areas and patient sex, the crude, standard, and accumulative rates (0–74 years of age) were calculated. The 2000 China Population Census data and Segi’s standard population were used to calculate the age-standardized rates. Results In 2015, the incidence rate of malignant tumors in Heilongjiang cancer registries was 259.90/100 000. The age-standardized incidence rates in the Chinese and world standard populations were 158.89/100 000 and 155.06/100 000, respectively, with a cumulative incidence rate (0–74 years) of 17.68%. The incidence of malignant tumors in urban areas was 273.55/100 000, while that in rural areas was 220.32/100 000. The incidence of malignant tumors in men was 270.89/100 000, higher than that in women (249.04/100 000). Lung cancer had the highest incidence, followed by breast cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer, and thyroid cancer. The mortality rate of malignant tumors in Heilongjiang cancer registries was 164.69/100 000. The age-standardized mortality rates in Chinese and in world standard populations were 95.29/100 000 and 94.35/100 000, respectively, with a cumulative mortality rate (0–74 years) of 10.44%. The mortality rate of malignant tumors in urban areas was 169.51/100 000, while that in rural areas was 150.72/100 000. The mortality rate of malignant tumors in men was 201.64/100 000, higher than that in women (128.21/100 000). Lung cancer had the highest mortality, followed by liver cancer, stomach cancer, colorectal cancer, and breast cancer. Conclusion Lung, liver, breast, and colorectal cancers were the most common cancers in Heilongjiang province, China, and should be considered the key cancer types for prevention and treatment. Moreover, the incidence of thyroid cancer is increasing, and thus early preventative measures should be implemented.
基金supported by the Project of Guangdong Science and Technique Plan(No.2012B031800104)Sun Yat-sen University 5010 Clinical Project(No.2013012)
文摘Background:Surveying regional cancer incidence and mortality provides significant data that can assist in making health policy for local areas;however,the province- and region-based cancer burden in China is seldom reported.In this study,we estimated cancer incidence and mortality in Guangdong Province,China and presented basic information for making policies related to health resource allocation and disease control.Methods:A log-linear model was used to calculate the sex-,age-,and registry-specific ratios of incidence to mortality(l/M) based on cancer registry data from Guangzhou,Zhongshan,and Sihui between 2004 and 2008.The cancer incidences in 2009 were then estimated according to representative l/M ratios and the mortality records from eight death surveillance sites in Guangdong Province.The cancer incidences in each city were estimated by the corresponding sex- and age-specific incidences from cancer registries or death surveillance sites in each area.Finally,the total and region-based cancer incidences and mortalities for the entire population of Guangdong Province were summarized.Results:The estimated l/M ratios in Guangzhou(3.658),Zhongshan(2.153),and Sihui(1.527) were significantly different(P < 0.001),with an average l/M ratio of 2.446.Significant differences in the estimated l/M ratios were observed between distinct age groups and the three cancer registries.The estimated l/M ratio in females was significantly higher than that in males(2.864 vs.2.027,P < 0.001).It was estimated that there were 163,376 new cancer cases(99,689 males and 63,687 females) in 2009;it was further estimated that 115,049 people(75,054 males and 39,995females) died from cancer in Guangdong Province in 2009.The estimated crude and age-standardized rate of incidences(ASRI) in Guangdong Province were 231.34 and 246.87 per 100,000 males,respectively,and 156.98 and 163.57 per 100,000 females,respectively.The estimated crude and age-standardized rate of mortalities(ASRM) in Guangdong Province were 174.17 and 187.46 per 100,000 males,respectively,and 98.59 and 102.00 per 100,000 females,respectively.In comparison with the western area and the northern mountain area,higher ASRI and ASRM were recorded in the Pearl River Delta area and the eastern area in both males and females.Conclusions:Cancer imposes a heavy disease burden,and cancer patterns are unevenly distributed throughout Guangdong Province.More health resources should be allocated to cancer control,especially in the western and northern mountain areas.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82073308 and No.81773211)the High-level startup fund of Nanjing Medical University(No.KY109RC2019010).
文摘As a well-known anticancer drug,paclitaxel(PTX),a first-line chemotherapeutic agent,remains unsatisfactory for gastric cancer therapy.It is reported that triptolide(TPL)could enhance the anti-gastric cancer effect of PTX.Considering the poor solubility of both drugs,we developed a red blood cell membrane-biomimetic nanosystem,an emerging tool in drug delivery,to co-load paclitaxel and triptolide(red blood cell membrane coated PTX and TPL co-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)[PLGA]nanoparticles,RP(P/T)).The successful preparation was confirmed in terms of particle size,morphology,and surface markers assays.This biomimetic system could prolong circulation and escape immune surveillance.And these properties were verified by stability,in vitro drug release,and cellular uptake assays.Moreover,the MTT and colony formation assays demonstrated the superior anti-proliferation effect of the RP(P/T)to free drugs.The enhanced antitumor effects of RP(P/T)on migration and invasion were also evaluated by wound-healing and transwell assays.Overall,the bionic co-delivery nanoplatform with improved efficacy in vitro is a promising therapy for gastric cancer.
文摘BACKGROUND Colon cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide,and chemotherapy is a widely used strategy in colon cancer clinical therapy.However,chemotherapy resistance is a major cause of disease recurrence and progression in colon cancer,and thus novel drugs for treatment are urgently needed.Tetramethylpyrazine(TMP),a component of the traditional Chinese medicine Chuanxiong Hort,has been proven to exhibit a beneficial effect in tumors.AIM To investigate the potential anticancer activity of TMP in colon cancer and its underlying mechanisms.METHODS Colon cancer cells were incubated with different concentrations of TMP.Cell viability was evaluated by crystal violet staining assay and cell counting kit-8 assay,and cell apoptosis and cell cycle were assessed by flow cytometry.RESULTS TMP significantly inhibited the proliferation of colon cancer cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner.In addition,flow cytometry revealed that TMP induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase.TMP treatment caused early stage apoptosis in SW480 cells,whereas it caused late stage apoptosis in HCT116 cells.CONCLUSION Our studies demonstrated that TMP inhibits the proliferation of colon cancer cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner by inducing apoptosis and arresting the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase.Our findings suggest that TMP might serve as a potential novel therapeutic drug in the treatment of human colon cancer.
基金the Soft Science Research Project of Liuzhou Association for Science and Technology,No.20200120Self-funded scientific research project of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Health Commission,No.Z20200258.
文摘BACKGROUND Radical surgery is the most commonly used treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).However,the surgical effect remains not ideal,and prognostic evaluation is insufficient.Furthermore,clinical intervention is rife with uncertainty and not conducive to prolonging patient survival.AIM To explore correlations between the systemic immune inflammatory index(SII)and geriatric nutritional risk index(GNRI)and HCC operation prognosis.METHODS This retrospective study included and collected follow up data from 100 HCC.Kaplan–Meier survival curves were used to analyze the correlation between SII and GNRI scores and survival.SII and GNRI were calculated as follows:SII=neutrophil count×platelet count/lymphocyte count;GNRI=[1.489×albumin(g/L)+41.7×actual weight/ideal weight].We analyzed the predictive efficacy of the SII and GNRI in HCC patients using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves,and the relationships between the SII,GNRI,and survival rate using Kaplan–Meier survival curves.Cox regression analysis was utilized to analyze independent risk factors influencing prognosis.RESULTS After 1 year of follow-up,24 patients died and 76 survived.The area under the curve(AUC),sensitivity,specificity,and the optimal cutoff value of SII were 0.728(95%confidence interval:0.600-0.856),79.2%,63.2%,and 309.14,respectively.According to ROC curve analysis results for predicting postoperative death in HCC patients,the AUC of SII and GNRI combination was higher than that of SII or GNRI alone,and SII was higher than that of GNRI(P<0.05).The proportion of advanced differentiated tumors,tumor maximum diameter(5–10 cm,>10 cm),lymph node metastasis,and TNM stage III-IV in patients with SII>309.14 was higher than that in patients with SII≤309.14(P<0.05).The proportion of patients aged>70 years was higher in patients with GNRI≤98 than that in patients with GNRI>98(P<0.05).The 1-year survival rate of the SII>309.14 group(compared with the SII≤309.14 group)and GNRI≤98 group(compared with the GNRI>98 group)was lower(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The prognosis after radical resection of HCC is related to the SII and GNRI and poor in high SII or low GNRI patients.
文摘Objective:Integration of risk stratification into fecal immunochemical test(FIT)might aid in the suboptimal detection of advanced neoplasms by FIT in colorectal cancer(CRC)screening.A comparative study was conducted to evaluate the participation and diagnostic yield of the parallel combination of questionnaire-based risk assessment(QRA)and FIT,FIT-only and QRA-only strategies in a CRC screening program in China.Methods:The study included 29,626 individuals aged 40-74 years and invited to participate in a CRC screening program in China.Participants were first invited to undertake QRA and one-time FIT(OC-sensor).Participants with positive QRA or FIT were deemed to be high-risk individuals who were recommended for subsequent colonoscopy.Participation,detection rate,and resource demand for colonoscopy were calculated and compared.Results:Of the 29,626 invitees,20,203 completed the parallel combination,8,592 completed the QRA-only,and11 completed the FIT-only strategy.For the parallel combination,FIT-only,and QRA-only strategies,the overall positivity rates were 10.2%(2,928/28,806),5.4%(1,096/20,214),and 6.8%(1,944/28,795),respectively;the yield of advanced neoplasm per 10,000 invitees were 46.9[95%confidence interval(95%CI):39.8-55.4],36.8(95%CI:30.5-44.4),and 12.2(95%CI:8.8-16.8),respectively;the positive predictive values for detecting advanced neoplasms among participants who completed colonoscopy were 4.7%(95%CI:4.0%-5.6%),9.9%(95%CI:8.3%-11.9%),and 1.9%(95%CI:1.3%-2.6%),respectively;the number of colonoscopies required to detect one advanced neoplasm was 11.4(95%CI:9.8-13.4),5.7(95%CI:4.8-6.7),and 28.4(95%CI:20.7-39.2),respectively.Conclusions:The parallel combination of QRA and FIT did not show superior efficacy for detecting advanced neoplasm compared with FIT alone in this CRC screening program.
