Genetic control strategies such as the sterile insect technique have successfully fought insect pests worldwide. The CRISPR(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) technology, together with high-qua...Genetic control strategies such as the sterile insect technique have successfully fought insect pests worldwide. The CRISPR(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) technology, together with high-quality genomic resources obtained in more and more species, greatly facilitates the development of novel genetic control insect strains that can be used in area-wide and species-specific pest control programs. Here, we review the research progress towards state-of-art CRISPR-based genetic control strategies, including gene drive, sex ratio distortion, CRISPRengineered genetic sexing strains, and precision-guided sterile insect technique. These strategies’ working mechanisms,potential resistance development mechanisms, and regulations are illustrated and discussed. In addition, recent developments such as stacked and conditional systems are introduced. We envision that the advances in genetic technology will continue to be one of the driving forces for developing the next generation of pest control strategies.展开更多
Reptile fauna should be considered a conservation objective,especially in respect of the impacts of climate change on their distribution and range’s dynamics.Investigating the environmental drivers of reptile species...Reptile fauna should be considered a conservation objective,especially in respect of the impacts of climate change on their distribution and range’s dynamics.Investigating the environmental drivers of reptile species richness and identifying their suitable habitats is a fundamental prerequisite to setting efficient long-term conservation measures.This study focused on geographical patterns and estimations of species richness for herpetofauna widely spread Z.vivipara,N.natrix,V.berus,A.colchica,and protected in Latvia C.austriaca,E.orbicularis,L.agilis inhabiting northern(model territory Latvia)and southern(model territory Ukraine)part of their European range.The ultimate goal was to designate a conservation network that will meet long-term goals for survival of the target species in the context of climate change.We used stacked species distribution models for creating maps depicting the distribution of species richness under current and future(by 2050)climates for marginal reptilepopulations.Using cluster analysis,we showed that this herpeto-complex can be divided into“widespread species”and“forest species”.For all forest species we predicted a climate-driven reduction in their distribution range both North(Latvia)and South(Ukraine).The most vulnerable populations of“forest species”tend to be located in the South of their range,as a consequence of northward shifts by 2050.By 2050 the greatest reduction in range is predicted for currently widely spread Z.vivipara(by 1.4 times)and V.berus(by 2.2 times).In terms of designing an effective protected-area network,these results permit to identify priority conservation areas where the full ensemble of selected reptile species can be found,and confirms the relevance of abioticmulti-factor GIS-modelling for achieving this goal.展开更多
MS/MS-based molecular networking is an effective strategy to rapidly dereplicate known compounds and to guide the discovery process for new and novel natural products.In the present study,the chemical diversity of ind...MS/MS-based molecular networking is an effective strategy to rapidly dereplicate known compounds and to guide the discovery process for new and novel natural products.In the present study,the chemical diversity of indole diterpenoids from the marine-derived fungus Penicillium sp.N4-3 was investigated using molecular networking techniques.Guided by this information,targeted isolation resulted in two new indole diterpenoids shearinines R and S(1,2)and an oxidative artifact shearinine T(3),together with the verification of two known analogs(4,5).Furthermore,five indole diterpenoids(6−10),including three putatively new ones,shearinines U−W(6,9,10),were predicted from the molecular ion cluster by the combination of GNPS molecular networking and manual analysis of MS/MS fragmentation clusters.Shearinines T(3)and W(10)are characterized by an oxidative cleavage of the C-2–C-18 double bond.Feature fragment ions of these shearinines revealed two type of dominant ions related to the indole moiety and the breaking of C-9 side chain or Ring I.Compound 1 showed antibacterial activities against a panel of pathogenic bacteria with IC_(50) values ranging from 6.34 to 47.96μg/mL and inhibited the growth of the human hepatic(HepG2)and gastric(SGC-7901)cancer cells lines with IC_(50) values of 6.27 and 19.16μg/mL,respectively.展开更多
Olfaction plays an essential role in insect behavior such as host location,foraging,mating,and oviposition.The odorant receptor co-receptor(Orco)is an obligatory odorant receptor and indispensable in odor perception.H...Olfaction plays an essential role in insect behavior such as host location,foraging,mating,and oviposition.The odorant receptor co-receptor(Orco)is an obligatory odorant receptor and indispensable in odor perception.Here,we characterized the Orco gene from the oriental fruit fly,Bactrocera dorsalis(Hendel),a notorious agriculture pest.The olfactory deficiency mutants were generated by editing the BdorOrco gene using the CRISPR/Cas9 system.Electroantennograms(EAG)and olfactory preference assays confirmed that BdorOrco^(−/−)mutant flies had reduced perception of methyl eugenol,β-caryophyllene,and ethyl acetate.Oviposition bioassays showed that the eggs laid by BdorOrco^(−/−)females mediated by benzothiazole and 1-octen-3-ol were significantly decreased.In addition,BdorOrco^(−/−)mutant flies took a significantly longer time to locate the food source compared with wild type(WT)flies.Altogether,our data indicated that Orco is essential for multiple physiological processes in B.dorsalis,and it expands our understanding of the function of insect Orco.展开更多
Objective: Haliotidis, the dried muscle of abalone, has long been used as a marine traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) due to its high medicinal and nutritive values, whereas few reports contributed to its quality contr...Objective: Haliotidis, the dried muscle of abalone, has long been used as a marine traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) due to its high medicinal and nutritive values, whereas few reports contributed to its quality control. This study aimed to establish the high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) fingerprints of Haliotidis. Materials and Methods: The HPLC fingerprints of Haliotidis, the manufacturing products of dried muscle of abalone, were analyzed by reverse-phase HPLC, using a YMC HPLC C18 column(250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm).The gradient elution mode was applied with mobile phase starting from 5% acetonitrile and 0.1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution to 100%acetonitrile in 70 min at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 190 nm. Results: Through compared the HPLC fingerprint chromatograms of 14 batches of Haliotidis, 25 peaks were assigned as the characteristic common peaks, of which one index component L-phenylalanine was identified by comparison with its standard substance. The established HPLC fingerprint analysis method of Haliotidis was validated with good precision, repeatability, and stability. Based on the above study, a reference HPLC fingerprint chromatogram of Haliotidis was proposed. Conclusions: It is the first time to establish the HPLC fingerprint chromatogram of TCM Haliotidis, which could contribute to the establishment of its quality control system.展开更多
基金funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG,German Research Foundation)within project numbers 470105316/YA 502/3-1(to Ying Yan)and SCHE 1833/7-1(to Marc F.Schetelig)。
文摘Genetic control strategies such as the sterile insect technique have successfully fought insect pests worldwide. The CRISPR(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) technology, together with high-quality genomic resources obtained in more and more species, greatly facilitates the development of novel genetic control insect strains that can be used in area-wide and species-specific pest control programs. Here, we review the research progress towards state-of-art CRISPR-based genetic control strategies, including gene drive, sex ratio distortion, CRISPRengineered genetic sexing strains, and precision-guided sterile insect technique. These strategies’ working mechanisms,potential resistance development mechanisms, and regulations are illustrated and discussed. In addition, recent developments such as stacked and conditional systems are introduced. We envision that the advances in genetic technology will continue to be one of the driving forces for developing the next generation of pest control strategies.
文摘Reptile fauna should be considered a conservation objective,especially in respect of the impacts of climate change on their distribution and range’s dynamics.Investigating the environmental drivers of reptile species richness and identifying their suitable habitats is a fundamental prerequisite to setting efficient long-term conservation measures.This study focused on geographical patterns and estimations of species richness for herpetofauna widely spread Z.vivipara,N.natrix,V.berus,A.colchica,and protected in Latvia C.austriaca,E.orbicularis,L.agilis inhabiting northern(model territory Latvia)and southern(model territory Ukraine)part of their European range.The ultimate goal was to designate a conservation network that will meet long-term goals for survival of the target species in the context of climate change.We used stacked species distribution models for creating maps depicting the distribution of species richness under current and future(by 2050)climates for marginal reptilepopulations.Using cluster analysis,we showed that this herpeto-complex can be divided into“widespread species”and“forest species”.For all forest species we predicted a climate-driven reduction in their distribution range both North(Latvia)and South(Ukraine).The most vulnerable populations of“forest species”tend to be located in the South of their range,as a consequence of northward shifts by 2050.By 2050 the greatest reduction in range is predicted for currently widely spread Z.vivipara(by 1.4 times)and V.berus(by 2.2 times).In terms of designing an effective protected-area network,these results permit to identify priority conservation areas where the full ensemble of selected reptile species can be found,and confirms the relevance of abioticmulti-factor GIS-modelling for achieving this goal.
基金supported by National Natu-ral Science Foundation of China(Nos.4183053581703411)+3 种基金Key Research and Development Project(Social Develop-ment)of Yangzhou(No.YZ2023068)Shandong Provincial Nat-ural Science Foundation,China(Major Basic Research Projects)(ZR2019ZD18)the Program of Open Studio for Druggability Research of Marine Natural Products,National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao,China)Directed by Kai-Xian Chen and Yue-Wei GuoTaishan Scholars Program,China.
文摘MS/MS-based molecular networking is an effective strategy to rapidly dereplicate known compounds and to guide the discovery process for new and novel natural products.In the present study,the chemical diversity of indole diterpenoids from the marine-derived fungus Penicillium sp.N4-3 was investigated using molecular networking techniques.Guided by this information,targeted isolation resulted in two new indole diterpenoids shearinines R and S(1,2)and an oxidative artifact shearinine T(3),together with the verification of two known analogs(4,5).Furthermore,five indole diterpenoids(6−10),including three putatively new ones,shearinines U−W(6,9,10),were predicted from the molecular ion cluster by the combination of GNPS molecular networking and manual analysis of MS/MS fragmentation clusters.Shearinines T(3)and W(10)are characterized by an oxidative cleavage of the C-2–C-18 double bond.Feature fragment ions of these shearinines revealed two type of dominant ions related to the indole moiety and the breaking of C-9 side chain or Ring I.Compound 1 showed antibacterial activities against a panel of pathogenic bacteria with IC_(50) values ranging from 6.34 to 47.96μg/mL and inhibited the growth of the human hepatic(HepG2)and gastric(SGC-7901)cancer cells lines with IC_(50) values of 6.27 and 19.16μg/mL,respectively.
基金supported by funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31772233,32072491)Fok Ying Tung Education Foundation(161029)+1 种基金Chongqing Natural Science Foundation(cstc2019jcyj-zdxmX0034)Chongqing Young Talents Support Program and the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA.
文摘Olfaction plays an essential role in insect behavior such as host location,foraging,mating,and oviposition.The odorant receptor co-receptor(Orco)is an obligatory odorant receptor and indispensable in odor perception.Here,we characterized the Orco gene from the oriental fruit fly,Bactrocera dorsalis(Hendel),a notorious agriculture pest.The olfactory deficiency mutants were generated by editing the BdorOrco gene using the CRISPR/Cas9 system.Electroantennograms(EAG)and olfactory preference assays confirmed that BdorOrco^(−/−)mutant flies had reduced perception of methyl eugenol,β-caryophyllene,and ethyl acetate.Oviposition bioassays showed that the eggs laid by BdorOrco^(−/−)females mediated by benzothiazole and 1-octen-3-ol were significantly decreased.In addition,BdorOrco^(−/−)mutant flies took a significantly longer time to locate the food source compared with wild type(WT)flies.Altogether,our data indicated that Orco is essential for multiple physiological processes in B.dorsalis,and it expands our understanding of the function of insect Orco.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Fund of China (No. 41806191)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program)(No. 2013AA093001)+2 种基金the Taishan Scholars Program,Chinathe Program of Open Studio for Druggability Research of Marine Natural ProductsPilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao, China) Directed by Kai-Xian Chen and Yue-Wei Guo。
文摘Objective: Haliotidis, the dried muscle of abalone, has long been used as a marine traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) due to its high medicinal and nutritive values, whereas few reports contributed to its quality control. This study aimed to establish the high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) fingerprints of Haliotidis. Materials and Methods: The HPLC fingerprints of Haliotidis, the manufacturing products of dried muscle of abalone, were analyzed by reverse-phase HPLC, using a YMC HPLC C18 column(250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm).The gradient elution mode was applied with mobile phase starting from 5% acetonitrile and 0.1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution to 100%acetonitrile in 70 min at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 190 nm. Results: Through compared the HPLC fingerprint chromatograms of 14 batches of Haliotidis, 25 peaks were assigned as the characteristic common peaks, of which one index component L-phenylalanine was identified by comparison with its standard substance. The established HPLC fingerprint analysis method of Haliotidis was validated with good precision, repeatability, and stability. Based on the above study, a reference HPLC fingerprint chromatogram of Haliotidis was proposed. Conclusions: It is the first time to establish the HPLC fingerprint chromatogram of TCM Haliotidis, which could contribute to the establishment of its quality control system.
