In this paper, we propose a measurement-device-independent quantum-key-distribution（MDI-QKD） protocol using orbital angular momentum（OAM） in free space links, named the OAM-MDI-QKD protocol. In the proposed protoc...In this paper, we propose a measurement-device-independent quantum-key-distribution（MDI-QKD） protocol using orbital angular momentum（OAM） in free space links, named the OAM-MDI-QKD protocol. In the proposed protocol,the OAM states of photons, instead of polarization states, are used as the information carriers to avoid the reference frame alignment, the decoy-state is adopted to overcome the security loophole caused by the weak coherent pulse source, and the high efficient OAM-sorter is adopted as the measurement tool for Charlie to obtain the output OAM state. Here, Charlie may be an untrusted third party. The results show that the authorized users, Alice and Bob, could distill a secret key with Charlie＇s successful measurements, and the key generation performance is slightly better than that of the polarization-based MDI-QKD protocol in the two-dimensional OAM cases. Simultaneously, Alice and Bob can reduce the number of flipping the bits in the secure key distillation. It is indicated that a higher key generation rate performance could be obtained by a high dimensional OAM-MDI-QKD protocol because of the unlimited degree of freedom on OAM states. Moreover,the results show that the key generation rate and the transmission distance will decrease as the growth of the strength of atmospheric turbulence（AT） and the link attenuation. In addition, the decoy states used in the proposed protocol can get a considerable good performance without the need for an ideal source.展开更多
In the absence of commonly used seed layer, we can still successfully synthesized aligned ZnO nanowire arrays by the hydrothermal method. By using aluminum-doped zinc oxide(AZO) glass as a substrate, high-density and ...In the absence of commonly used seed layer, we can still successfully synthesized aligned ZnO nanowire arrays by the hydrothermal method. By using aluminum-doped zinc oxide(AZO) glass as a substrate, high-density and vertically aligned ZnO nanowires were synthesized directly on the substrate in the absence of the ZnO seed layer. The current-voltage curve indicated that the sample grown on AZO glass substrate in the absence of seed layer possesses better conductivity than that synthesized on FTO glass substrate with ZnO seed layer. Thus, a simplified, seed-free and low-cost experimental protocol was reported here for large-scale production of high quality ZnO nanowire arrays with promoted conductivity.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61271238 and 61475075)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(Grant No.20123223110003)+7 种基金the Natural Science Research Foundation for Universities of Jiangsu Province of China(Grant No.11KJA510002)the Open Research Fund of Key Laboratory of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network TechnologyMinistry of EducationChina(Grant No.NYKL2015011)the Innovation Program of Graduate Education of Jiangsu ProvinceChina(Grant No.KYLX0810)partially supported by Qinglan Project of Jiangsu ProvinceChina
文摘In this paper, we propose a measurement-device-independent quantum-key-distribution（MDI-QKD） protocol using orbital angular momentum（OAM） in free space links, named the OAM-MDI-QKD protocol. In the proposed protocol,the OAM states of photons, instead of polarization states, are used as the information carriers to avoid the reference frame alignment, the decoy-state is adopted to overcome the security loophole caused by the weak coherent pulse source, and the high efficient OAM-sorter is adopted as the measurement tool for Charlie to obtain the output OAM state. Here, Charlie may be an untrusted third party. The results show that the authorized users, Alice and Bob, could distill a secret key with Charlie＇s successful measurements, and the key generation performance is slightly better than that of the polarization-based MDI-QKD protocol in the two-dimensional OAM cases. Simultaneously, Alice and Bob can reduce the number of flipping the bits in the secure key distillation. It is indicated that a higher key generation rate performance could be obtained by a high dimensional OAM-MDI-QKD protocol because of the unlimited degree of freedom on OAM states. Moreover,the results show that the key generation rate and the transmission distance will decrease as the growth of the strength of atmospheric turbulence（AT） and the link attenuation. In addition, the decoy states used in the proposed protocol can get a considerable good performance without the need for an ideal source.
基金Funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(Nos.BK20150829)the Scientific Research Foundation of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications,China(Nos.NY215023,NY217094,and Y214014)
文摘In the absence of commonly used seed layer, we can still successfully synthesized aligned ZnO nanowire arrays by the hydrothermal method. By using aluminum-doped zinc oxide(AZO) glass as a substrate, high-density and vertically aligned ZnO nanowires were synthesized directly on the substrate in the absence of the ZnO seed layer. The current-voltage curve indicated that the sample grown on AZO glass substrate in the absence of seed layer possesses better conductivity than that synthesized on FTO glass substrate with ZnO seed layer. Thus, a simplified, seed-free and low-cost experimental protocol was reported here for large-scale production of high quality ZnO nanowire arrays with promoted conductivity.
