This study aims to improve the competence of students of the Department of Industrial Engineering in Indonesia in the subject of Chemical Industry, in particular through the model-based teaching materials CAI (Compute...This study aims to improve the competence of students of the Department of Industrial Engineering in Indonesia in the subject of Chemical Industry, in particular through the model-based teaching materials CAI (Computer Assisted Instruction) in the form of an interactive CD. In particular, the study was carried out for the purposes of: 1) designing and developing models of devices based learning CAI (Computer Assisted Instruction) systematically in prototype form, 2) producing an interactive CD as a model learning devices Chemical Industry based CAI (Computer Assisted Instruction) to improve the competence of students of the Department of Industrial Engineering in Industrial chemistry courses. The benefits of this research are: 1) for the government, the results of this study can be used as a reference in implementing educational policies, especially to enhance the nation’s competitiveness in the era of informatics;and 2) for the Department of Industrial Engineering in Indonesia, the results of this research can be used to enhance learning that can improve the competence of students in the subject of Chemical Industry, which in turn can be passed with high achievement. Products produced in the first year are a design-based teaching materials CAI (Computer Assisted Instruction) in prototype form, with the following steps: 1) pre- production which includes needs analysis, identifying and analyzing the needs based on the content of curriculum and learning model based CAI (Computer Assisted Instruction), the development of a concept related to Chemical Industry, the development of multimedia content that includes developing materials, animation, and evaluation related to industrial chemicals, gathering material to make the recording sound, shooting, and editing with regard to the development of teaching materials chemical Industry based CAI (Computer Assisted Instruction), as well as developing the storyboard as the layout of the multimedia contents by involving experts multimedia;2) production process that includes design/design and conduct of programming a prototype which means at this stage of the design and development of teaching materials based CAI (Computer Assisted Instruction);and 3) post-production which includes the evaluation justification experts, conducted trials on stakeholders, being revised based on input from experts, and doing packing and labeling.展开更多
IntroductionBone defect caused by specific diseases or medications is very common. Autologous bone, allogeneic bone or xenogeneic bone transplantation is commonly used in clinical practice. However, autologous bone so...IntroductionBone defect caused by specific diseases or medications is very common. Autologous bone, allogeneic bone or xenogeneic bone transplantation is commonly used in clinical practice. However, autologous bone sources are limited. Xenogeneic bone cannot participate in metabolism. Because of the development of bone tissue engineering, the transplantation of new scaffold materials and autologous cells has opened up new treatment options for bone defects. The bone tissue engineering principle is applied to construct a degradable porous bone scaffold, which is implanted into the human body after loading bone cells, growth factors, etc.展开更多
Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)service providers have become increasingly important in the manufacturing industry due to their ability to gather and process vast amounts of data from connected devices,enabling man...Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)service providers have become increasingly important in the manufacturing industry due to their ability to gather and process vast amounts of data from connected devices,enabling manufacturers to improve operational efficiency,reduce costs,and enhance product quality.These platforms provide manufacturers with real-time visibility into their production processes and supply chains,allowing them to optimize operations and make informed decisions.In addition,IIoT service providers can help manufacturers create new revenue streams through the development of innovative products and services and enable them to leverage the benefits of emerging technologies such as Artificial Intelligence(AI)and machine learning.Overall,the implementation of IIoT platforms in the manufacturing industry is crucial for companies seeking to remain competitive and meet the ever-increasing demands of customers in the digital age.In this study,the evaluation criteria to be considered in the selection of IIoT service provider in small andmedium-sized(SME)manufacturing enterprises will be determined and IIoT service providers alternatives will be evaluated using the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution(TOPSIS)method based on circular intuitionistic fuzzy sets.Based on the assessments conducted in accordance with the literature review and expert consultations,a set of 8 selection criteria has been established.These criteria encompass industry expertise,customer support,flexibility and scalability,security,cost-effectiveness,reliability,data analytics,as well as compatibility and usability.Upon evaluating these criteria,it was observed that the security criterion holds the highest significance,succeeded by cost-effectiveness,data analytics,flexibility and scalability,reliability,and customer support criteria,in descending order of importance.Following the evaluation of seven distinct alternatives against these criteria,it was deduced that the A6 alternative,a German service provider,emerged as the most favorable option.The identical issue was addressed utilizing sensitivity analysis alongside various multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM)methods,and after comprehensive evaluation,the outcomes were assessed.Spearman’s correlation coefficient was computed to ascertain the association between the rankings derived from solving the problem using diverse MCDM methods.展开更多
In this paper, a statistical comparative investigation of the implementation of Concurrent Engineering (CE) in Jordanian Industry is introduced, practices of CE are reviewed, then mapped into six statistical latent. A...In this paper, a statistical comparative investigation of the implementation of Concurrent Engineering (CE) in Jordanian Industry is introduced, practices of CE are reviewed, then mapped into six statistical latent. A Structural Equation Model (SEM) is developed for the implementation of CE, then the model is applied to the following Jordanian industrial sectors: chemical and cosmetics industries, engineering and electrical industries and information technology, wood and furniture industries, and construction industry. The implementation level for the six CE practices among the selected sectors is investigated;a statistical comparative analysis between the considered industrial sectors is conducted. Thereafter, a system dynamics model is developed to understand the true CE trade-offs, which is used as a validity measure to insure that the proposed statistical model and hypotheses are valid.展开更多
A comprehensive understanding of human intelligence is still an ongoing process,i.e.,human and information security are not yet perfectly matched.By understanding cognitive processes,designers can design humanized cog...A comprehensive understanding of human intelligence is still an ongoing process,i.e.,human and information security are not yet perfectly matched.By understanding cognitive processes,designers can design humanized cognitive information systems(CIS).The need for this research is justified because today’s business decision makers are faced with questions they cannot answer in a given amount of time without the use of cognitive information systems.The researchers aim to better strengthen cognitive information systems with more pronounced cognitive thresholds by demonstrating the resilience of cognitive resonant frequencies to reveal possible responses to improve the efficiency of human-computer interaction(HCI).Apractice-oriented research approach included research analysis and a review of existing articles to pursue a comparative research model;thereafter,amodel development paradigm was used to observe and monitor the progression of CIS during HCI.The scope of our research provides a broader perspective on how different disciplines affect HCI and how human cognitive models can be enhanced to enrich complements.We have identified a significant gap in the current literature on mental processing resulting from a wide range of theory and practice.展开更多
Chemical industry project management involves complex decision making situations that require discerning abilities and methods to make sound decisions. Chemical engineers as project managers are faced with decision en...Chemical industry project management involves complex decision making situations that require discerning abilities and methods to make sound decisions. Chemical engineers as project managers are faced with decision environments and problems in chemical industry projects that are complex. Multiple-criteria decision making （MCDM） approaches are major parts of decision theory and analysis. This paper presents all of MCDM approaches for use in chemical engineering management decisions. In this work, case study is Research and Development （R＆D） project selection in chemical industry. The ability to make sound decisions is very important to success of R＆D projects. It is hoped that this work will provide a ready reference on MCDM and this will encourage the application of the MCDM in chemical engineering management.展开更多
The emergence of next generation networks(NextG),including 5G and beyond,is reshaping the technological landscape of cellular and mobile networks.These networks are sufficiently scaled to interconnect billions of user...The emergence of next generation networks(NextG),including 5G and beyond,is reshaping the technological landscape of cellular and mobile networks.These networks are sufficiently scaled to interconnect billions of users and devices.Researchers in academia and industry are focusing on technological advancements to achieve highspeed transmission,cell planning,and latency reduction to facilitate emerging applications such as virtual reality,the metaverse,smart cities,smart health,and autonomous vehicles.NextG continuously improves its network functionality to support these applications.Multiple input multiple output(MIMO)technology offers spectral efficiency,dependability,and overall performance in conjunctionwithNextG.This article proposes a secure channel estimation technique in MIMO topology using a norm-estimation model to provide comprehensive insights into protecting NextG network components against adversarial attacks.The technique aims to create long-lasting and secure NextG networks using this extended approach.The viability of MIMO applications and modern AI-driven methodologies to combat cybersecurity threats are explored in this research.Moreover,the proposed model demonstrates high performance in terms of reliability and accuracy,with a 20%reduction in the MalOut-RealOut-Diff metric compared to existing state-of-the-art techniques.展开更多
In the article“Deep Learning-Enhanced Brain Tumor Prediction via Entropy-Coded BPSO in CIELAB Color Space”by Mudassir Khalil,Muhammad Imran Sharif,Ahmed Naeem,Muhammad Umar Chaudhry,Hafiz Tayyab Rauf,Adham E.Ragab C...In the article“Deep Learning-Enhanced Brain Tumor Prediction via Entropy-Coded BPSO in CIELAB Color Space”by Mudassir Khalil,Muhammad Imran Sharif,Ahmed Naeem,Muhammad Umar Chaudhry,Hafiz Tayyab Rauf,Adham E.Ragab Computers,Materials&Continua,2023,Vol.77,No.2,pp.2031–2047.DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.043687,URL:https://www.techscience.com/cmc/v77n2/54831,there was an error regarding the affiliation for the author Hafiz Tayyab Rauf.Instead of“Centre for Smart Systems,AI and Cybersecurity,Staffordshire University,Stoke-on-Trent,ST42DE,UK”,the affiliation should be“Independent Researcher,Bradford,BD80HS,UK”.展开更多
Background:This article examines the impact of the release of Wolbachia-infected population replacement mosquitoes as an innovative strategy for managing and controlling dengue in the Americas,using an approach based ...Background:This article examines the impact of the release of Wolbachia-infected population replacement mosquitoes as an innovative strategy for managing and controlling dengue in the Americas,using an approach based on the system dynamics methodology.The introduction of Wolbachia-carrying mosquitoes aims to reduce dengue transmission by interfering with the reproductive capacity of mosquitoes,thus limiting the spread of the virus.Objective:the objective of this study is to analyze how this intervention affects not only the incidence of dengue but also the health care system,evaluating changes in the demand for medical services and the costs associated with treatment in health care institutions.Specifically,it looks at the cost per visit to an Epidemiologist,a Family Doctor,diagnostic tests,and hospitalization.Methods:the study uses simulation scenarios to model the potential impact of the Wolbachia-based intervention in reducing dengue cases and its associated health and economic burden.The scenarios also assess the optimization of resources and improvements in the health system’s response to epidemic outbreaks.The simulation model utilizes real data from the Americas region to enhance the accuracy and relevance of the results.Conclusion:The results the potential of the release of Wolbachia-carrying mosquitoes to significantly mitigate the health and economic burden of dengue,with a maximum saving of 60.15%in the best simulation scenario.The approach not only highlights scientific innovation but also demonstrates its potential influence on public policy design.The findings support the implementation of sustainable strategies to maximize the benefits of this intervention and ensure its effective integration into public health programs,contributing to better long-term dengue management.展开更多
The variable salinity in stored reservoirs connected by a long channel attracts the attention of scientists worldwide,having applications in environmental and geophysical engineering.This study explores the impact of ...The variable salinity in stored reservoirs connected by a long channel attracts the attention of scientists worldwide,having applications in environmental and geophysical engineering.This study explores the impact of Navier slip conditions on exchange flows within a long channel connecting two large reservoirs of differing salinity.These horizontal density gradients drive the flow.We modify the recent one-dimensional theory,developed to avoid runaway stratification,to account for the presence of uniform slip walls.By adjusting the parameters of the horizontal density gradient based on the slip factor,we resolve analytically various flow regimes ranging from high diffusion to transitional high advection.These regimes are governed by physical parameters like channel aspect ratio,slip factor,Schmidt number,and gravitational Reynolds number.Our solutions align perfectly with ones in the no-slip limit.More importantly,under the conditions of no net flow across the channel and high Schmidt number(where stratification is concentrated near the channel’s mid-layer),we derive a closed-form solution for the slip parameter,aspect ratio,and gravitational Reynolds number that describes the interface’s behavior as a sharp interface separating two distinct zones.This interface,arising from hydrostatic wall gradients,ultimately detaches the low-and high-density regimes throughout the channel when the gravitational Reynolds number is inversely proportional to the aspect ratio for a fixed slip parameter.This phenomenon,observed previously in 2D numerical simulations with no-slip walls in the literature,is thus confirmed by our theoretical results.Our findings further demonstrate that wall slip leads to distinct and diverse flow regimes.展开更多
Due to the NP-hardness of the two-sided assembly line balancing （TALB） problem, multiple constraints existing in real applications are less studied, especially when one task is involved with several constraints. In ...Due to the NP-hardness of the two-sided assembly line balancing （TALB） problem, multiple constraints existing in real applications are less studied, especially when one task is involved with several constraints. In this paper, an effective hybrid algorithm is proposed to address the TALB problem with multiple constraints （TALB-MC）. Considering the discrete attribute of TALB-MC and the continuous attribute of the standard teaching-learning-based optimization （TLBO） algorithm, the random-keys method is hired in task permutation representation, for the purpose of bridging the gap between them. Subsequently, a special mechanism for handling multiple constraints is developed. In the mechanism, the directions constraint of each task is ensured by the direction check and adjustment. The zoning constraints and the synchronism constraints are satisfied by teasing out the hidden correlations among constraints. The positional constraint is allowed to be violated to some extent in decoding and punished in cost fimction. Finally, with the TLBO seeking for the global optimum, the variable neighborhood search （VNS） is further hybridized to extend the local search space. The experimental results show that the proposed hybrid algorithm outperforms the late acceptance hill-climbing algorithm （LAHC） for TALB-MC in most cases, especially for large-size problems with multiple constraints, and demonstrates well balance between the exploration and the exploitation. This research proposes an effective and efficient algorithm for solving TALB-MC problem by hybridizing the TLBO and VNS.展开更多
Weight penalty has been a challenge for design engineers of aerospace vehicles.Today’s high-efficiency combat aircraft undergoes intense stress and strain during flying missions,which require stronger and stiffer mat...Weight penalty has been a challenge for design engineers of aerospace vehicles.Today’s high-efficiency combat aircraft undergoes intense stress and strain during flying missions,which require stronger and stiffer materials to retain structural integrity.Though metallic materials have been successfully used for the construction of aircraft structures and components,metals still have a low strength-to-weight ratio.This paper aims to develop an alternate optimised material selection methodology to replace the metallic skin of a medium-sized military aircraft.The search for the optimum material will result in reduced aircraft weight which will be benefitted by extra payload on the aircraft.The selection methodology is comprised of finding design pressure limits on the aircraft skin,and comparison of properties(strength,elastic modulus,shear modulus,etc.)and performance(safety factor,deflection,and stress)of the existing metallic skin with alternate optimised material.The comparison was made under aerodynamic pressure,bending force,and twisting moment.Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer/Epoxy(CFRP)Uni-Directional(UD)prepreg(elastic modolus is 209 GPa)was selected as an alternate optimum material to replace the aluminium alloy skin of the aircraft studied.The selected alternate optimum material resulted in the reduction of aircraft skin weight by 30%.展开更多
The influence of different welding speeds and rotary speeds on the formation and mechanical properties of friction stirweld joints of armor grade aluminum alloy was presented.The developed weld joints were characteriz...The influence of different welding speeds and rotary speeds on the formation and mechanical properties of friction stirweld joints of armor grade aluminum alloy was presented.The developed weld joints were characterized by bend tests,micro-hardness tests,tensile tests,optical and scanning electron microscopies.Mechanical properties(i.e.,micro-hardness,ultimatetensile strength and elongation to fracture)increased with the increase in rotary speed or decrease in welding speed.The effect ofwelding speed on micro-hardness of heat affected zones was more profound than the rotary speeds.The welding speeds and rotaryspeeds influenced the mechanical properties and their effects on various mechanical properties of the friction stir welded joints canbe predicted with the help of regression models.展开更多
Reserve estimation is a key to find the correct NPV in a mining project. The most important factor in reserve estimation is the metal price. Metal price fluctuations in recent years were exaggerated, and imposed a hig...Reserve estimation is a key to find the correct NPV in a mining project. The most important factor in reserve estimation is the metal price. Metal price fluctuations in recent years were exaggerated, and imposed a high degree of uncertainty to the reserve estimation, and in consequence to the whole mine planning procedure. Real option approach is an efficient method of decision making in the uncertain conditions. This approach has been used for evaluation of defined natural resources projects until now. This study considering the metal price uncertainty used real option approach to prepare a methodology for reserve estimation in open pit mines. This study was done on a copper cylindrical deposit, but the achieved methodology can be adjusted for all kinds of deposits. This methodology was comprehensively described through the examples in such a manner that can be used by the mine planners.展开更多
In marine application,marine grade steel is generally used for haul and superstructures.However,aluminum has also become a good choice due to its lightweight qualities,while rusting of aluminum is minimal compared to ...In marine application,marine grade steel is generally used for haul and superstructures.However,aluminum has also become a good choice due to its lightweight qualities,while rusting of aluminum is minimal compared to steel.In this paper a study on friction stir welding of aluminum alloys was presented.The present investigation deals with the effects of different friction stir welding tool geometries on mechanical strength and the microstructure properties of aluminum alloy welds.Three distinct tool geometries with different types of shoulder and tool probe profiles were used in the investigation according to the design matrix.The effects of each tool shoulder and probe geometry on the weld was evaluated.It was also observed that the friction stir weld tool geometry has a significant effect on the weldment reinforcement,microhardness,and weld strength.展开更多
For the automatic tracking of unknown moving targets on the ground,most of the commonly used methods involve circling above the target.With such a tracking mode,there is a moving laser spot on the target,which will br...For the automatic tracking of unknown moving targets on the ground,most of the commonly used methods involve circling above the target.With such a tracking mode,there is a moving laser spot on the target,which will bring trouble for cooperative manned helicopters.In this paper,we propose a new way of tracking,where an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) circles on one side of the tracked target.A circular path algorithm is developed for monitoring the relative position between the UAV and the target considering the real-time range and the bearing angle.This can determine the center of the new circular path if the predicted range between the UAV and the target does not meet the monitoring requirements.A transition path algorithm is presented for planning the transition path between circular paths that constrain the turning radius of the UAV.The transition path algorithm can generate waypoints that meet the flight ability.In this paper,we analyze the entire method and detail the scope of applications.We formulate an observation angle as an evaluation index.A series of simulations and evaluation index comparisons verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.展开更多
The effects of two geometric refinement strategies widespread in natural structures, chirality and self-similar hierarchy, on the in-plane elastic response of two-dimensional honeycombs were studied systematically. Si...The effects of two geometric refinement strategies widespread in natural structures, chirality and self-similar hierarchy, on the in-plane elastic response of two-dimensional honeycombs were studied systematically. Simple closed-form expressions were derived for the elastic moduli of several chiral, anti- chiral, and hierarchical honeycombs with hexagon and square based networks. Finite element analysis was employed to validate the analytical estimates of the elastic moduli. The results were also compared with the numerical and experimental data available in the literature. We found that introducing a hier- archical refinement increases the Young＇s modulus of hexagon based honeycombs while decreases their shear modulus. For square based honeycombs, hierarchy increases the shear modulus while decreasing their Young＇s modulus. Introducing chirality was shown to always decrease the Young＇s modulus and Poisson＇s ratio of the structure. However, chirality remains the only route to auxeticity. In particular, we found that anti-tetra-chiral structures were capable of simultaneously exhibiting anisotropy, auxeticity, and remarkably low shear modulus as the magnitude of the chirality of the unit cell increases.展开更多
The present paper discusses the modeling of tool geometry effects on the friction stir aluminum welds using response surface methodology. The friction stir welding tools were designed with different shoulder and tool ...The present paper discusses the modeling of tool geometry effects on the friction stir aluminum welds using response surface methodology. The friction stir welding tools were designed with different shoulder and tool probe geometries based on a design matrix. The matrix for the tool designing was made for three types of tools, based on three types of probes, with three levels each for defining the shoulder surface type and probe profile geometries. Then, the effects of tool shoulder and probe geometries on friction stirred aluminum welds were experimentally investigated with respect to weld strength, weld cross section area, grain size of weld and grain size of thermo-mechanically affected zone. These effects were modeled using multiple and response surface regression analysis. The response surface regression modeling were found to be appropriate for defining the friction stir weldment characteristics.展开更多
This paper presents a design for a stand-alone photovoltaic (PV) system to provide the required electricity for a single residential household in rural area in Jordan. The complete design steps for the suggested house...This paper presents a design for a stand-alone photovoltaic (PV) system to provide the required electricity for a single residential household in rural area in Jordan. The complete design steps for the suggested household loads are carried out. Site radiation data and the electrical load data of a typical household in the considered site are taken into account during the design steps. The reliability of the system is quantified by the loss of load probability. A computer program is developed to simulate the PV system behavior and to numerically find an optimal combination of PV array and battery bank for the design of stand-alone photovoltaic systems in terms of reliability and costs. The program calculates life cycle cost and annualized unit electrical cost. Simulations results showed that a value of loss of load probability LLP can be met by several combinations of PV array and battery storage. The method developed here uniquely determines the optimum configuration that meets the load demand with the minimum cost. The difference between the costs of these combinations is very large. The optimal unit electrical cost of 1 kWh for LLP = 0.049 is $0.293;while for LLP 0.0027 it is $0.402. The results of the study encouraged the use of the PV systems to electrify the remote sites in Jordan.展开更多
文摘This study aims to improve the competence of students of the Department of Industrial Engineering in Indonesia in the subject of Chemical Industry, in particular through the model-based teaching materials CAI (Computer Assisted Instruction) in the form of an interactive CD. In particular, the study was carried out for the purposes of: 1) designing and developing models of devices based learning CAI (Computer Assisted Instruction) systematically in prototype form, 2) producing an interactive CD as a model learning devices Chemical Industry based CAI (Computer Assisted Instruction) to improve the competence of students of the Department of Industrial Engineering in Industrial chemistry courses. The benefits of this research are: 1) for the government, the results of this study can be used as a reference in implementing educational policies, especially to enhance the nation’s competitiveness in the era of informatics;and 2) for the Department of Industrial Engineering in Indonesia, the results of this research can be used to enhance learning that can improve the competence of students in the subject of Chemical Industry, which in turn can be passed with high achievement. Products produced in the first year are a design-based teaching materials CAI (Computer Assisted Instruction) in prototype form, with the following steps: 1) pre- production which includes needs analysis, identifying and analyzing the needs based on the content of curriculum and learning model based CAI (Computer Assisted Instruction), the development of a concept related to Chemical Industry, the development of multimedia content that includes developing materials, animation, and evaluation related to industrial chemicals, gathering material to make the recording sound, shooting, and editing with regard to the development of teaching materials chemical Industry based CAI (Computer Assisted Instruction), as well as developing the storyboard as the layout of the multimedia contents by involving experts multimedia;2) production process that includes design/design and conduct of programming a prototype which means at this stage of the design and development of teaching materials based CAI (Computer Assisted Instruction);and 3) post-production which includes the evaluation justification experts, conducted trials on stakeholders, being revised based on input from experts, and doing packing and labeling.
文摘IntroductionBone defect caused by specific diseases or medications is very common. Autologous bone, allogeneic bone or xenogeneic bone transplantation is commonly used in clinical practice. However, autologous bone sources are limited. Xenogeneic bone cannot participate in metabolism. Because of the development of bone tissue engineering, the transplantation of new scaffold materials and autologous cells has opened up new treatment options for bone defects. The bone tissue engineering principle is applied to construct a degradable porous bone scaffold, which is implanted into the human body after loading bone cells, growth factors, etc.
文摘Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)service providers have become increasingly important in the manufacturing industry due to their ability to gather and process vast amounts of data from connected devices,enabling manufacturers to improve operational efficiency,reduce costs,and enhance product quality.These platforms provide manufacturers with real-time visibility into their production processes and supply chains,allowing them to optimize operations and make informed decisions.In addition,IIoT service providers can help manufacturers create new revenue streams through the development of innovative products and services and enable them to leverage the benefits of emerging technologies such as Artificial Intelligence(AI)and machine learning.Overall,the implementation of IIoT platforms in the manufacturing industry is crucial for companies seeking to remain competitive and meet the ever-increasing demands of customers in the digital age.In this study,the evaluation criteria to be considered in the selection of IIoT service provider in small andmedium-sized(SME)manufacturing enterprises will be determined and IIoT service providers alternatives will be evaluated using the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution(TOPSIS)method based on circular intuitionistic fuzzy sets.Based on the assessments conducted in accordance with the literature review and expert consultations,a set of 8 selection criteria has been established.These criteria encompass industry expertise,customer support,flexibility and scalability,security,cost-effectiveness,reliability,data analytics,as well as compatibility and usability.Upon evaluating these criteria,it was observed that the security criterion holds the highest significance,succeeded by cost-effectiveness,data analytics,flexibility and scalability,reliability,and customer support criteria,in descending order of importance.Following the evaluation of seven distinct alternatives against these criteria,it was deduced that the A6 alternative,a German service provider,emerged as the most favorable option.The identical issue was addressed utilizing sensitivity analysis alongside various multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM)methods,and after comprehensive evaluation,the outcomes were assessed.Spearman’s correlation coefficient was computed to ascertain the association between the rankings derived from solving the problem using diverse MCDM methods.
文摘In this paper, a statistical comparative investigation of the implementation of Concurrent Engineering (CE) in Jordanian Industry is introduced, practices of CE are reviewed, then mapped into six statistical latent. A Structural Equation Model (SEM) is developed for the implementation of CE, then the model is applied to the following Jordanian industrial sectors: chemical and cosmetics industries, engineering and electrical industries and information technology, wood and furniture industries, and construction industry. The implementation level for the six CE practices among the selected sectors is investigated;a statistical comparative analysis between the considered industrial sectors is conducted. Thereafter, a system dynamics model is developed to understand the true CE trade-offs, which is used as a validity measure to insure that the proposed statistical model and hypotheses are valid.
基金This work was supported by King Saud University through Researchers Supporting Project Number(RSP2022R426),King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.
文摘A comprehensive understanding of human intelligence is still an ongoing process,i.e.,human and information security are not yet perfectly matched.By understanding cognitive processes,designers can design humanized cognitive information systems(CIS).The need for this research is justified because today’s business decision makers are faced with questions they cannot answer in a given amount of time without the use of cognitive information systems.The researchers aim to better strengthen cognitive information systems with more pronounced cognitive thresholds by demonstrating the resilience of cognitive resonant frequencies to reveal possible responses to improve the efficiency of human-computer interaction(HCI).Apractice-oriented research approach included research analysis and a review of existing articles to pursue a comparative research model;thereafter,amodel development paradigm was used to observe and monitor the progression of CIS during HCI.The scope of our research provides a broader perspective on how different disciplines affect HCI and how human cognitive models can be enhanced to enrich complements.We have identified a significant gap in the current literature on mental processing resulting from a wide range of theory and practice.
文摘Chemical industry project management involves complex decision making situations that require discerning abilities and methods to make sound decisions. Chemical engineers as project managers are faced with decision environments and problems in chemical industry projects that are complex. Multiple-criteria decision making （MCDM） approaches are major parts of decision theory and analysis. This paper presents all of MCDM approaches for use in chemical engineering management decisions. In this work, case study is Research and Development （R＆D） project selection in chemical industry. The ability to make sound decisions is very important to success of R＆D projects. It is hoped that this work will provide a ready reference on MCDM and this will encourage the application of the MCDM in chemical engineering management.
基金funding from King Saud University through Researchers Supporting Project number(RSP2024R387),King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.
文摘The emergence of next generation networks(NextG),including 5G and beyond,is reshaping the technological landscape of cellular and mobile networks.These networks are sufficiently scaled to interconnect billions of users and devices.Researchers in academia and industry are focusing on technological advancements to achieve highspeed transmission,cell planning,and latency reduction to facilitate emerging applications such as virtual reality,the metaverse,smart cities,smart health,and autonomous vehicles.NextG continuously improves its network functionality to support these applications.Multiple input multiple output(MIMO)technology offers spectral efficiency,dependability,and overall performance in conjunctionwithNextG.This article proposes a secure channel estimation technique in MIMO topology using a norm-estimation model to provide comprehensive insights into protecting NextG network components against adversarial attacks.The technique aims to create long-lasting and secure NextG networks using this extended approach.The viability of MIMO applications and modern AI-driven methodologies to combat cybersecurity threats are explored in this research.Moreover,the proposed model demonstrates high performance in terms of reliability and accuracy,with a 20%reduction in the MalOut-RealOut-Diff metric compared to existing state-of-the-art techniques.
文摘In the article“Deep Learning-Enhanced Brain Tumor Prediction via Entropy-Coded BPSO in CIELAB Color Space”by Mudassir Khalil,Muhammad Imran Sharif,Ahmed Naeem,Muhammad Umar Chaudhry,Hafiz Tayyab Rauf,Adham E.Ragab Computers,Materials&Continua,2023,Vol.77,No.2,pp.2031–2047.DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.043687,URL:https://www.techscience.com/cmc/v77n2/54831,there was an error regarding the affiliation for the author Hafiz Tayyab Rauf.Instead of“Centre for Smart Systems,AI and Cybersecurity,Staffordshire University,Stoke-on-Trent,ST42DE,UK”,the affiliation should be“Independent Researcher,Bradford,BD80HS,UK”.
文摘Background:This article examines the impact of the release of Wolbachia-infected population replacement mosquitoes as an innovative strategy for managing and controlling dengue in the Americas,using an approach based on the system dynamics methodology.The introduction of Wolbachia-carrying mosquitoes aims to reduce dengue transmission by interfering with the reproductive capacity of mosquitoes,thus limiting the spread of the virus.Objective:the objective of this study is to analyze how this intervention affects not only the incidence of dengue but also the health care system,evaluating changes in the demand for medical services and the costs associated with treatment in health care institutions.Specifically,it looks at the cost per visit to an Epidemiologist,a Family Doctor,diagnostic tests,and hospitalization.Methods:the study uses simulation scenarios to model the potential impact of the Wolbachia-based intervention in reducing dengue cases and its associated health and economic burden.The scenarios also assess the optimization of resources and improvements in the health system’s response to epidemic outbreaks.The simulation model utilizes real data from the Americas region to enhance the accuracy and relevance of the results.Conclusion:The results the potential of the release of Wolbachia-carrying mosquitoes to significantly mitigate the health and economic burden of dengue,with a maximum saving of 60.15%in the best simulation scenario.The approach not only highlights scientific innovation but also demonstrates its potential influence on public policy design.The findings support the implementation of sustainable strategies to maximize the benefits of this intervention and ensure its effective integration into public health programs,contributing to better long-term dengue management.
文摘The variable salinity in stored reservoirs connected by a long channel attracts the attention of scientists worldwide,having applications in environmental and geophysical engineering.This study explores the impact of Navier slip conditions on exchange flows within a long channel connecting two large reservoirs of differing salinity.These horizontal density gradients drive the flow.We modify the recent one-dimensional theory,developed to avoid runaway stratification,to account for the presence of uniform slip walls.By adjusting the parameters of the horizontal density gradient based on the slip factor,we resolve analytically various flow regimes ranging from high diffusion to transitional high advection.These regimes are governed by physical parameters like channel aspect ratio,slip factor,Schmidt number,and gravitational Reynolds number.Our solutions align perfectly with ones in the no-slip limit.More importantly,under the conditions of no net flow across the channel and high Schmidt number(where stratification is concentrated near the channel’s mid-layer),we derive a closed-form solution for the slip parameter,aspect ratio,and gravitational Reynolds number that describes the interface’s behavior as a sharp interface separating two distinct zones.This interface,arising from hydrostatic wall gradients,ultimately detaches the low-and high-density regimes throughout the channel when the gravitational Reynolds number is inversely proportional to the aspect ratio for a fixed slip parameter.This phenomenon,observed previously in 2D numerical simulations with no-slip walls in the literature,is thus confirmed by our theoretical results.Our findings further demonstrate that wall slip leads to distinct and diverse flow regimes.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51275366,50875190,51305311)Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(Grant No.20134219110002)
文摘Due to the NP-hardness of the two-sided assembly line balancing （TALB） problem, multiple constraints existing in real applications are less studied, especially when one task is involved with several constraints. In this paper, an effective hybrid algorithm is proposed to address the TALB problem with multiple constraints （TALB-MC）. Considering the discrete attribute of TALB-MC and the continuous attribute of the standard teaching-learning-based optimization （TLBO） algorithm, the random-keys method is hired in task permutation representation, for the purpose of bridging the gap between them. Subsequently, a special mechanism for handling multiple constraints is developed. In the mechanism, the directions constraint of each task is ensured by the direction check and adjustment. The zoning constraints and the synchronism constraints are satisfied by teasing out the hidden correlations among constraints. The positional constraint is allowed to be violated to some extent in decoding and punished in cost fimction. Finally, with the TLBO seeking for the global optimum, the variable neighborhood search （VNS） is further hybridized to extend the local search space. The experimental results show that the proposed hybrid algorithm outperforms the late acceptance hill-climbing algorithm （LAHC） for TALB-MC in most cases, especially for large-size problems with multiple constraints, and demonstrates well balance between the exploration and the exploitation. This research proposes an effective and efficient algorithm for solving TALB-MC problem by hybridizing the TLBO and VNS.
基金funding this work through the Large Groups Research Project(No.RGP.2/163/43).
文摘Weight penalty has been a challenge for design engineers of aerospace vehicles.Today’s high-efficiency combat aircraft undergoes intense stress and strain during flying missions,which require stronger and stiffer materials to retain structural integrity.Though metallic materials have been successfully used for the construction of aircraft structures and components,metals still have a low strength-to-weight ratio.This paper aims to develop an alternate optimised material selection methodology to replace the metallic skin of a medium-sized military aircraft.The search for the optimum material will result in reduced aircraft weight which will be benefitted by extra payload on the aircraft.The selection methodology is comprised of finding design pressure limits on the aircraft skin,and comparison of properties(strength,elastic modulus,shear modulus,etc.)and performance(safety factor,deflection,and stress)of the existing metallic skin with alternate optimised material.The comparison was made under aerodynamic pressure,bending force,and twisting moment.Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer/Epoxy(CFRP)Uni-Directional(UD)prepreg(elastic modolus is 209 GPa)was selected as an alternate optimum material to replace the aluminium alloy skin of the aircraft studied.The selected alternate optimum material resulted in the reduction of aircraft skin weight by 30%.
基金DST Govt.of India for providing financial support through grant No.SR3/S3/MERC/005/2009 to carry out this work
文摘The influence of different welding speeds and rotary speeds on the formation and mechanical properties of friction stirweld joints of armor grade aluminum alloy was presented.The developed weld joints were characterized by bend tests,micro-hardness tests,tensile tests,optical and scanning electron microscopies.Mechanical properties(i.e.,micro-hardness,ultimatetensile strength and elongation to fracture)increased with the increase in rotary speed or decrease in welding speed.The effect ofwelding speed on micro-hardness of heat affected zones was more profound than the rotary speeds.The welding speeds and rotaryspeeds influenced the mechanical properties and their effects on various mechanical properties of the friction stir welded joints canbe predicted with the help of regression models.
文摘Reserve estimation is a key to find the correct NPV in a mining project. The most important factor in reserve estimation is the metal price. Metal price fluctuations in recent years were exaggerated, and imposed a high degree of uncertainty to the reserve estimation, and in consequence to the whole mine planning procedure. Real option approach is an efficient method of decision making in the uncertain conditions. This approach has been used for evaluation of defined natural resources projects until now. This study considering the metal price uncertainty used real option approach to prepare a methodology for reserve estimation in open pit mines. This study was done on a copper cylindrical deposit, but the achieved methodology can be adjusted for all kinds of deposits. This methodology was comprehensively described through the examples in such a manner that can be used by the mine planners.
文摘In marine application,marine grade steel is generally used for haul and superstructures.However,aluminum has also become a good choice due to its lightweight qualities,while rusting of aluminum is minimal compared to steel.In this paper a study on friction stir welding of aluminum alloys was presented.The present investigation deals with the effects of different friction stir welding tool geometries on mechanical strength and the microstructure properties of aluminum alloy welds.Three distinct tool geometries with different types of shoulder and tool probe profiles were used in the investigation according to the design matrix.The effects of each tool shoulder and probe geometry on the weld was evaluated.It was also observed that the friction stir weld tool geometry has a significant effect on the weldment reinforcement,microhardness,and weld strength.
基金the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University through research group number(RG-1440-048)。
文摘For the automatic tracking of unknown moving targets on the ground,most of the commonly used methods involve circling above the target.With such a tracking mode,there is a moving laser spot on the target,which will bring trouble for cooperative manned helicopters.In this paper,we propose a new way of tracking,where an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) circles on one side of the tracked target.A circular path algorithm is developed for monitoring the relative position between the UAV and the target considering the real-time range and the bearing angle.This can determine the center of the new circular path if the predicted range between the UAV and the target does not meet the monitoring requirements.A transition path algorithm is presented for planning the transition path between circular paths that constrain the turning radius of the UAV.The transition path algorithm can generate waypoints that meet the flight ability.In this paper,we analyze the entire method and detail the scope of applications.We formulate an observation angle as an evaluation index.A series of simulations and evaluation index comparisons verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.
基金made possible by a NPRP award(NPRP 7-882-2-326)from the Qatar National Research Fund(a member of the Qatar Foundation)
文摘The effects of two geometric refinement strategies widespread in natural structures, chirality and self-similar hierarchy, on the in-plane elastic response of two-dimensional honeycombs were studied systematically. Simple closed-form expressions were derived for the elastic moduli of several chiral, anti- chiral, and hierarchical honeycombs with hexagon and square based networks. Finite element analysis was employed to validate the analytical estimates of the elastic moduli. The results were also compared with the numerical and experimental data available in the literature. We found that introducing a hier- archical refinement increases the Young＇s modulus of hexagon based honeycombs while decreases their shear modulus. For square based honeycombs, hierarchy increases the shear modulus while decreasing their Young＇s modulus. Introducing chirality was shown to always decrease the Young＇s modulus and Poisson＇s ratio of the structure. However, chirality remains the only route to auxeticity. In particular, we found that anti-tetra-chiral structures were capable of simultaneously exhibiting anisotropy, auxeticity, and remarkably low shear modulus as the magnitude of the chirality of the unit cell increases.
基金supported by the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research(DSIR),India
文摘The present paper discusses the modeling of tool geometry effects on the friction stir aluminum welds using response surface methodology. The friction stir welding tools were designed with different shoulder and tool probe geometries based on a design matrix. The matrix for the tool designing was made for three types of tools, based on three types of probes, with three levels each for defining the shoulder surface type and probe profile geometries. Then, the effects of tool shoulder and probe geometries on friction stirred aluminum welds were experimentally investigated with respect to weld strength, weld cross section area, grain size of weld and grain size of thermo-mechanically affected zone. These effects were modeled using multiple and response surface regression analysis. The response surface regression modeling were found to be appropriate for defining the friction stir weldment characteristics.
文摘This paper presents a design for a stand-alone photovoltaic (PV) system to provide the required electricity for a single residential household in rural area in Jordan. The complete design steps for the suggested household loads are carried out. Site radiation data and the electrical load data of a typical household in the considered site are taken into account during the design steps. The reliability of the system is quantified by the loss of load probability. A computer program is developed to simulate the PV system behavior and to numerically find an optimal combination of PV array and battery bank for the design of stand-alone photovoltaic systems in terms of reliability and costs. The program calculates life cycle cost and annualized unit electrical cost. Simulations results showed that a value of loss of load probability LLP can be met by several combinations of PV array and battery storage. The method developed here uniquely determines the optimum configuration that meets the load demand with the minimum cost. The difference between the costs of these combinations is very large. The optimal unit electrical cost of 1 kWh for LLP = 0.049 is $0.293;while for LLP 0.0027 it is $0.402. The results of the study encouraged the use of the PV systems to electrify the remote sites in Jordan.
