In the current issue of the Journal of Sport and Health Science,Wang et al.^(1)describe their prospective study,where they analyzed whether or not multiple pregnancies would influence glycemia and the glycemic respons...In the current issue of the Journal of Sport and Health Science,Wang et al.^(1)describe their prospective study,where they analyzed whether or not multiple pregnancies would influence glycemia and the glycemic response to physical exercise in gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).2 Multiparous women are known to be at a higher risk for GDM than primiparas.GDM carries an increased risk for adverse perinatal outcomes,not only for the mothers but also for the newborn babies.Due to a contemporary environment that is conducive to a sedentary lifestyle and obesity,the incidence of GDM among pregnant women is increasing.展开更多
Gangliosides are structurally and functionally polymorphic sialic acid containing glycosphingolipids that are widely distributed in the human body.They play important roles in protecting us against immune attacks,yet ...Gangliosides are structurally and functionally polymorphic sialic acid containing glycosphingolipids that are widely distributed in the human body.They play important roles in protecting us against immune attacks,yet they can become targets for autoimmunity and act as receptors for microbes,like the influenza viruses,and toxins,such as the cholera toxin.The expression patterns of gangliosides vary in different tissues,during different life periods,as well as in different animals.Antibodies against gangliosides(AGA)can target immune attack e.g.,against neuronal cells and neutralize their complement inhibitory activity.AGAs are important especially in acquired demyelinating immune-mediated neuropathies,like Guillain–Barrésyndrome(GBS)and its variant,the Miller–Fisher syndrome(MFS).They can emerge in response to different microbial agents and immunological insults.Thereby,they can be involved in a variety of diseases.In addition,antibodies against GM3 were found in the sera of patients vaccinated with Pandemrix®,who developed secondary narcolepsy,strongly supporting the autoimmune etiology of the disease.展开更多
Mucosal-associated invariant T(MAIT)cells are unconventional T cells that have been conserved throughout mammalian evolution,displaying innate and effector-like qualities[1,2].MAIT cells express a semi-invariant T-cel...Mucosal-associated invariant T(MAIT)cells are unconventional T cells that have been conserved throughout mammalian evolution,displaying innate and effector-like qualities[1,2].MAIT cells express a semi-invariant T-cell receptor,which recognizes vitamin B metabolites produced by various bacteria and yeast organisms,presented on the restriction molecule major histocompatibility complex(MHC)-related protein-1(MR1)[3].In mice,MAIT cells undergo three developmental stages in the thymus,giving rise to two subsets,MAIT1 and MAIT17,which secrete IFN-and IL-17 to combat infections[4,5].展开更多
Mucosal-associated invariant T(MAIT)cells are an evolutionarily conserved subset of T cells that respond to microbial threats via semi-invariant T cell receptor(TCR)-mediated recognition of microbial riboflavin-deriva...Mucosal-associated invariant T(MAIT)cells are an evolutionarily conserved subset of T cells that respond to microbial threats via semi-invariant T cell receptor(TCR)-mediated recognition of microbial riboflavin-derivative antigens presented by MHC class I-related(MR1)molecules[1].MAIT cells mediate functions that link innate and acquired immunity in a broad spectrum of diseases,including infection,cancer,allergy,and autoimmunity[2].MAIT cells are abundant in human nonmucosal tissues,where they account for up to 10%of blood T cells and 45%of liver T cells,but are much less abundant in mice[3].展开更多
Hidradenitis suppurativa(HS)is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a worldwide prevalence of 0.3–4.0%,wherein abscesses and dermal sinus tracts form in intertriginous skin[1].HS remains poorly treated due to a l...Hidradenitis suppurativa(HS)is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a worldwide prevalence of 0.3–4.0%,wherein abscesses and dermal sinus tracts form in intertriginous skin[1].HS remains poorly treated due to a lack of knowledge regarding its immunopathogenesis[2].展开更多
文摘In the current issue of the Journal of Sport and Health Science,Wang et al.^(1)describe their prospective study,where they analyzed whether or not multiple pregnancies would influence glycemia and the glycemic response to physical exercise in gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).2 Multiparous women are known to be at a higher risk for GDM than primiparas.GDM carries an increased risk for adverse perinatal outcomes,not only for the mothers but also for the newborn babies.Due to a contemporary environment that is conducive to a sedentary lifestyle and obesity,the incidence of GDM among pregnant women is increasing.
基金supported by the Sigrid Jusélius Foundation,the Academy of Finland(292393)Helsinki University Central Hospital(TYH2018313,TYH2019311)grants.
文摘Gangliosides are structurally and functionally polymorphic sialic acid containing glycosphingolipids that are widely distributed in the human body.They play important roles in protecting us against immune attacks,yet they can become targets for autoimmunity and act as receptors for microbes,like the influenza viruses,and toxins,such as the cholera toxin.The expression patterns of gangliosides vary in different tissues,during different life periods,as well as in different animals.Antibodies against gangliosides(AGA)can target immune attack e.g.,against neuronal cells and neutralize their complement inhibitory activity.AGAs are important especially in acquired demyelinating immune-mediated neuropathies,like Guillain–Barrésyndrome(GBS)and its variant,the Miller–Fisher syndrome(MFS).They can emerge in response to different microbial agents and immunological insults.Thereby,they can be involved in a variety of diseases.In addition,antibodies against GM3 were found in the sera of patients vaccinated with Pandemrix®,who developed secondary narcolepsy,strongly supporting the autoimmune etiology of the disease.
基金NIH RO1Al119041(QSM)Henry Ford Immunology Program grants(T71016,QSM+1 种基金T71017,LZ)the Henry Ford Cancer Institute Postdoctoral fellowship program(JW and KS).
文摘Mucosal-associated invariant T(MAIT)cells are unconventional T cells that have been conserved throughout mammalian evolution,displaying innate and effector-like qualities[1,2].MAIT cells express a semi-invariant T-cell receptor,which recognizes vitamin B metabolites produced by various bacteria and yeast organisms,presented on the restriction molecule major histocompatibility complex(MHC)-related protein-1(MR1)[3].In mice,MAIT cells undergo three developmental stages in the thymus,giving rise to two subsets,MAIT1 and MAIT17,which secrete IFN-and IL-17 to combat infections[4,5].
基金Henry Ford Immunology Research Program(T71016 to QSM,T71017 to LZ).
文摘Mucosal-associated invariant T(MAIT)cells are an evolutionarily conserved subset of T cells that respond to microbial threats via semi-invariant T cell receptor(TCR)-mediated recognition of microbial riboflavin-derivative antigens presented by MHC class I-related(MR1)molecules[1].MAIT cells mediate functions that link innate and acquired immunity in a broad spectrum of diseases,including infection,cancer,allergy,and autoimmunity[2].MAIT cells are abundant in human nonmucosal tissues,where they account for up to 10%of blood T cells and 45%of liver T cells,but are much less abundant in mice[3].
基金funded by NIH/NIAMS(R01AR078688 to Q-SM and WL,R21AR079089 to Q-SM and IA)the Henry Ford Immunology Program(T71016 to Q-SM and T71017 to LZ).
文摘Hidradenitis suppurativa(HS)is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a worldwide prevalence of 0.3–4.0%,wherein abscesses and dermal sinus tracts form in intertriginous skin[1].HS remains poorly treated due to a lack of knowledge regarding its immunopathogenesis[2].
