传统观点认为长江中下游地区是典型的稻作农业区,但近年植物考古研究发现北方旱作粟黍作物也广泛分布于南方,其传播路径与混作农业形成机制尚存争议。狮形山遗址地处长江中下游平原与皖南山区交接地带,地层堆积较厚,为探究区域农业结构...传统观点认为长江中下游地区是典型的稻作农业区,但近年植物考古研究发现北方旱作粟黍作物也广泛分布于南方,其传播路径与混作农业形成机制尚存争议。狮形山遗址地处长江中下游平原与皖南山区交接地带,地层堆积较厚,为探究区域农业结构提供了关键材料。本研究采用植硅体分析方法,结合加速器质谱碳十四测年法(^(14)C dating by accelerator mass spctrometry,AMS^(14)C)测年,系统探讨了该遗址的农业结构、作物收割方式的转变,并初步分析了粟作传至皖南地区的原因。结果表明,早商时期至战国后期,该遗址农业以稻作为主(植硅体占比最高11.3%),辅以少量粟作(最高2.3%),其混作模式与两湖、江西等地相似,暗示文化交流的影响。水稻不同部位植硅体占比显示,早商时期先民采用摘穗收割,至战国中后期转变为连秆收割,与铁制农具普及时间相对应,反映出农具技术进步对农业生产的影响。本研究为解析长江中下游混作农业的形成机制及粟黍南传路径提供了重要实证。展开更多
为进一步探索广西早期人类的生业经济模式及石器的功能与用途,本文综合运用AMS^(14)C年代学分析、植硅体分析、碳化大植物遗存浮选及石器形态功能分析等方法,系统考察了广西隆安娅怀洞遗址不同文化层中人类对植物资源的利用策略及其演...为进一步探索广西早期人类的生业经济模式及石器的功能与用途,本文综合运用AMS^(14)C年代学分析、植硅体分析、碳化大植物遗存浮选及石器形态功能分析等方法,系统考察了广西隆安娅怀洞遗址不同文化层中人类对植物资源的利用策略及其演变过程。研究结果显示,遗址的年代框架可划分为4个阶段,AMS^(14)C测年数据表明其跨度为43000~4000 BP cal。通过对石器表面残留植硅体的分析,揭示了不同阶段人类对不同类型石器(如研磨器、砍砸器、刮削器等)的功能开发及其在植物加工中的具体应用。遗址浮选出的碳化植物遗存中鉴定出野生葡萄属果实蘡薁(Vitis bryoniaefolia),这是华南地区旧石器时代晚期人类利用野生果实的直接证据。综合沉积物植硅体组合、石器微痕分析及大植物遗存的研究表明,该遗址早期人类对植物资源的利用模式存在明显的阶段性变化:在第1~2阶段(43000~21000 BP cal),人类主要依赖木本植物及禾本科植物;而到了第3阶段(17000~14000 BP cal)及第4阶段(4000 BP cal),禾本科植物及藤本植物果实(如葡萄属)在人类食谱中的占比显著提升,可能反映了环境变迁或技术革新对生业策略的影响。本研究揭示了旧石器时代晚期至新石器时代早期广西地区从广谱采集向特定植物资源强化利用的过渡过程,为广西地区史前人类植物利用方式提供了关键性实证数据。展开更多
Situated in the semi-arid regions of North China,the Nihewan Basin documents the fluvio-lacustrine sequence and Pleistocene archaeological sites,offering an excellent opportunity to investigate human adaptation to env...Situated in the semi-arid regions of North China,the Nihewan Basin documents the fluvio-lacustrine sequence and Pleistocene archaeological sites,offering an excellent opportunity to investigate human adaptation to environmental change in East Asia,especially in North China.However,paleoenvironmental datasets from Middle Pleistocene archaeological sites are not fully understood.Focusing on the evidence from the 0.63-0.49 Ma-old site of Jijiazhuang(Nihewan Basin,North China),this paper presents the results of various environmental indicators from the site context.Moreover,it explores the links between hominin behavioral adaptations and ecological variability during the extra-long interglacial period in North China.Sedimentological features of the excavated section indicate that the site was formed in the margin of the Nihewan paleolake.Based on well-constructed pollen,sediment grain size,color reflectance,and major geochemical element analyses,five stages of environmental changes were identified during site formation.This study indicates that hominins occupied the site at the early part of Stage 2,when the Nihewan paleolake had a relatively low water level and the climate was temperate,with strong weathering intensity dominated by wooded grassland landscapes.In conclusion,the results suggest that the extra-long duration of interglacial or mild stadial climate events(MISs 15-13)in the Northern Hemisphere may have provided favorable conditions for increased technological innovations and adaptive strategies among Middle Pleistocene hominins in the Nihewan Basin even in North China.展开更多
A new Jurassic non-avian theropod dinosaur from 163 million-year-old fossil deposits in northeastern China provides new information regarding the incredible richness of evolutionary experimentation that characterized ...A new Jurassic non-avian theropod dinosaur from 163 million-year-old fossil deposits in northeastern China provides new information regarding the incredible richness of evolutionary experimentation that characterized the origin of flight in the Dinosauria. Published in Nature, Drs. WANG Min, Jingmai K. O’Connor, XU Xing, and ZHOU Zhonghe of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (IVPP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing describe and analyze the well-preserved skeleton of a new species of the Jurassic scansoriopterygid dinosaur with associated feathers and membranous tissues.展开更多
A team of scientists led by LIU Wu and WU Xiujie from the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (IVPP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences reported a new Middle Pleistocene human skull ever found i...A team of scientists led by LIU Wu and WU Xiujie from the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (IVPP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences reported a new Middle Pleistocene human skull ever found in southeastern China reveals the variation and continuity in early Asian humans. Their findings were published on April 30 in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).展开更多
A team of paleontologists led by Prof. Jingmai O’Connor from the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (IVPP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, together with researchers from the Shandong Tiany...A team of paleontologists led by Prof. Jingmai O’Connor from the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (IVPP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, together with researchers from the Shandong Tianyu Museum of Natural History, have discovered a new specimen of the volant dromaeosaurid Microraptor zhaoianus with the remains of a nearly complete lizard preserved in its stomach. Their findings were published in Current Biology.展开更多
Living organisms represent only 1% of all the biota that has ever existed on earth. All organisms, living or extinct, are related to each other by sharing common ancestors at different levels,
Four main dinosaur-bearing sites have been investigated in latest Cretaceous deposits from the Amur/Heilongjiang Region ： Jiayin and Wulaga in China （ Yuliangze Formation）, Blagoveschensk and Kundur in Russia （Udu...Four main dinosaur-bearing sites have been investigated in latest Cretaceous deposits from the Amur/Heilongjiang Region ： Jiayin and Wulaga in China （ Yuliangze Formation）, Blagoveschensk and Kundur in Russia （Udurchukan Formation）. More than 90% of the bones discovered in these localities belong to hollow-crested lambeosaurine hadrosaurids： Charonosaurus fiayinensis at Jiayin, Amurosaurus riabinini at Blagoveschensk, Olorotitan arharensis at Kundur, and Sahaliyania elunchunorum at Wulaga. Flat-headed hadrosaurine hadrosaurids are much less numerous, but appear well diversified as well： Kerberosaurus manakini at Blagoveschensk, Wulagasaurus dongi at Wulaga, and a new genus at Kundur. Theropods are represented by shed teeth and isolated bones; isolated scutes and teeth discovered at Kundur are tentatively attributed to nodosaurids. Palynological studies suggest that these sites are probably synchronous with the Lancian＇ vertebrate localities of western North America, which represent the youngest dinosaur faunas in this area. However, the latest Cretaceous dinosaur assemblages are completely different in the Amur/Heilongjiang region （lambeosaurines abundant, ceratopsids absent） and in western North America （ceratopsids abundant, lainbeosaurines extremely rare or absent）. This probably reflects some kind of geographical barrier between both areas by Maastrichtian time rather than strong differences in palaeoecological conditions.展开更多
An international cooperative study of the Late Cretaceous biota and non-marine strata including the Cretaceous-Paleogene(K--Pg) boundary in Jiayin near the Heilongjiang River,China during 2002-2010,is summarized in th...An international cooperative study of the Late Cretaceous biota and non-marine strata including the Cretaceous-Paleogene(K--Pg) boundary in Jiayin near the Heilongjiang River,China during 2002-2010,is summarized in this paper. The strata includes the Upper Cretaceous Yong'ancun-,Taipinglinchang-,Yuliang-zi-,and Furao formations,and the Paleocence Wuyun Formation consisting of Baoshantou Member and a Coalbearing Member. Seven palynological assemblages from Santonian to Paleocene are recognized,which is used for definition of the K--Pg boundary. Through the palynological analysis of three drilled boreholes (XHY-2005,2006,2008) in Xiaoheyan of western Jiayin,the K--Pg boundary is defined within 20. 00-20. 05 m in the borehole XHY-2006 (as a standard boundary) which is just between the top of Furao Formation (late Maasterichtian) and the base of Baishantou Member (early Danian) . These new research results are supported by paleo- magnetic,geochemical and other analyses,also. On the other hand,the presence of eight taxa of Maasterichtian dinosaurs (mostly hadrosaurids) have been recognized by the authors; and two mega-plant assemblages from the Yong'ancun Fm (Santonian) to Taipinglinchang Fm (Campanian) are confirmed. These research a-chievements indicate that the Upper Cretaceous-Paleocene in Jiayin can be well correlated to the strata in the neighboring Zeya-Bureja basin,Russia. The K--Pg boundary definited in Jiayin is the first well documented non-marine K--Pg boundary in China. Also the related paleoclimate,paleoenvironment and the mass extinctions in this area during the Cretaceous-Paleocene transition are also discussed.展开更多
One year after the publication of research on the Xiahe mandible, the first Denisovan fossil found outside of Denisova Cave,the same research team has now reported their findings of Denisovan DNA from sediments of the...One year after the publication of research on the Xiahe mandible, the first Denisovan fossil found outside of Denisova Cave,the same research team has now reported their findings of Denisovan DNA from sediments of the Baishiya Karst Cave (BKC) on the Tibetan Plateau where the Xiahe mandible was found.展开更多
A team of scientists from the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology(IVPP)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and from the Shandong Tianyu Museum of Natural History have isolated exquisitely preserv...A team of scientists from the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology(IVPP)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and from the Shandong Tianyu Museum of Natural History have isolated exquisitely preserved cartilage cells in a125-million-year-old dinosaur from northeast China that contain nuclei with remnants of organic molecules and chromatin.The study was published in Communications Biology on Sept.24.展开更多
Fossils of a strange early giraffoid have revealed the key driving forces in giraffe evolution,according to a study led by researchers from the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology(IVPP)of the Ch...Fossils of a strange early giraffoid have revealed the key driving forces in giraffe evolution,according to a study led by researchers from the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology(IVPP)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.The study was published in Science on June 2.How the giraffe’s long neck evolved has long been an evolutionary mystery.Although there have been different opinions about the process of giraffe neck elongation,scientists never doubted that the impetus for neck elongation was high foliage.展开更多
According to a study by scientists from the University of California at Berkeley and the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (IVPP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,a 50 million-year-old fossi...According to a study by scientists from the University of California at Berkeley and the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (IVPP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,a 50 million-year-old fossil from Antarctica,belonging to an extinct group of ocean-going birds called pelagornithids, is thought to be the oldest record of truly giant flying birds.展开更多
A joint research team led by Dr.MAO Fangyuan and Dr.ZHANG Chi from the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology(IVPP)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Prof.MENG Jin from the American Museum of N...A joint research team led by Dr.MAO Fangyuan and Dr.ZHANG Chi from the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology(IVPP)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Prof.MENG Jin from the American Museum of Natural History have discovered two new species of mammal-like,burrowing animals that lived about 120 million years ago in what is now northeastern China.展开更多
文摘传统观点认为长江中下游地区是典型的稻作农业区,但近年植物考古研究发现北方旱作粟黍作物也广泛分布于南方,其传播路径与混作农业形成机制尚存争议。狮形山遗址地处长江中下游平原与皖南山区交接地带,地层堆积较厚,为探究区域农业结构提供了关键材料。本研究采用植硅体分析方法,结合加速器质谱碳十四测年法(^(14)C dating by accelerator mass spctrometry,AMS^(14)C)测年,系统探讨了该遗址的农业结构、作物收割方式的转变,并初步分析了粟作传至皖南地区的原因。结果表明,早商时期至战国后期,该遗址农业以稻作为主(植硅体占比最高11.3%),辅以少量粟作(最高2.3%),其混作模式与两湖、江西等地相似,暗示文化交流的影响。水稻不同部位植硅体占比显示,早商时期先民采用摘穗收割,至战国中后期转变为连秆收割,与铁制农具普及时间相对应,反映出农具技术进步对农业生产的影响。本研究为解析长江中下游混作农业的形成机制及粟黍南传路径提供了重要实证。
文摘为进一步探索广西早期人类的生业经济模式及石器的功能与用途,本文综合运用AMS^(14)C年代学分析、植硅体分析、碳化大植物遗存浮选及石器形态功能分析等方法,系统考察了广西隆安娅怀洞遗址不同文化层中人类对植物资源的利用策略及其演变过程。研究结果显示,遗址的年代框架可划分为4个阶段,AMS^(14)C测年数据表明其跨度为43000~4000 BP cal。通过对石器表面残留植硅体的分析,揭示了不同阶段人类对不同类型石器(如研磨器、砍砸器、刮削器等)的功能开发及其在植物加工中的具体应用。遗址浮选出的碳化植物遗存中鉴定出野生葡萄属果实蘡薁(Vitis bryoniaefolia),这是华南地区旧石器时代晚期人类利用野生果实的直接证据。综合沉积物植硅体组合、石器微痕分析及大植物遗存的研究表明,该遗址早期人类对植物资源的利用模式存在明显的阶段性变化:在第1~2阶段(43000~21000 BP cal),人类主要依赖木本植物及禾本科植物;而到了第3阶段(17000~14000 BP cal)及第4阶段(4000 BP cal),禾本科植物及藤本植物果实(如葡萄属)在人类食谱中的占比显著提升,可能反映了环境变迁或技术革新对生业策略的影响。本研究揭示了旧石器时代晚期至新石器时代早期广西地区从广谱采集向特定植物资源强化利用的过渡过程,为广西地区史前人类植物利用方式提供了关键性实证数据。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42371165,No.41872029。
文摘Situated in the semi-arid regions of North China,the Nihewan Basin documents the fluvio-lacustrine sequence and Pleistocene archaeological sites,offering an excellent opportunity to investigate human adaptation to environmental change in East Asia,especially in North China.However,paleoenvironmental datasets from Middle Pleistocene archaeological sites are not fully understood.Focusing on the evidence from the 0.63-0.49 Ma-old site of Jijiazhuang(Nihewan Basin,North China),this paper presents the results of various environmental indicators from the site context.Moreover,it explores the links between hominin behavioral adaptations and ecological variability during the extra-long interglacial period in North China.Sedimentological features of the excavated section indicate that the site was formed in the margin of the Nihewan paleolake.Based on well-constructed pollen,sediment grain size,color reflectance,and major geochemical element analyses,five stages of environmental changes were identified during site formation.This study indicates that hominins occupied the site at the early part of Stage 2,when the Nihewan paleolake had a relatively low water level and the climate was temperate,with strong weathering intensity dominated by wooded grassland landscapes.In conclusion,the results suggest that the extra-long duration of interglacial or mild stadial climate events(MISs 15-13)in the Northern Hemisphere may have provided favorable conditions for increased technological innovations and adaptive strategies among Middle Pleistocene hominins in the Nihewan Basin even in North China.
文摘A new Jurassic non-avian theropod dinosaur from 163 million-year-old fossil deposits in northeastern China provides new information regarding the incredible richness of evolutionary experimentation that characterized the origin of flight in the Dinosauria. Published in Nature, Drs. WANG Min, Jingmai K. O’Connor, XU Xing, and ZHOU Zhonghe of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (IVPP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing describe and analyze the well-preserved skeleton of a new species of the Jurassic scansoriopterygid dinosaur with associated feathers and membranous tissues.
文摘A team of scientists led by LIU Wu and WU Xiujie from the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (IVPP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences reported a new Middle Pleistocene human skull ever found in southeastern China reveals the variation and continuity in early Asian humans. Their findings were published on April 30 in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).
文摘A team of paleontologists led by Prof. Jingmai O’Connor from the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (IVPP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, together with researchers from the Shandong Tianyu Museum of Natural History, have discovered a new specimen of the volant dromaeosaurid Microraptor zhaoianus with the remains of a nearly complete lizard preserved in its stomach. Their findings were published in Current Biology.
文摘Living organisms represent only 1% of all the biota that has ever existed on earth. All organisms, living or extinct, are related to each other by sharing common ancestors at different levels,
基金the Belgian State,Federal Scientific Policy,S&T bilateral co-operation project BL/36/C22-R12National Geographic Society project 6970-01+4 种基金Jurassic FoundationFWOFNRSNSFC Project 30220130698supported by the Fonds pour la Formationàla Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture
文摘Four main dinosaur-bearing sites have been investigated in latest Cretaceous deposits from the Amur/Heilongjiang Region ： Jiayin and Wulaga in China （ Yuliangze Formation）, Blagoveschensk and Kundur in Russia （Udurchukan Formation）. More than 90% of the bones discovered in these localities belong to hollow-crested lambeosaurine hadrosaurids： Charonosaurus fiayinensis at Jiayin, Amurosaurus riabinini at Blagoveschensk, Olorotitan arharensis at Kundur, and Sahaliyania elunchunorum at Wulaga. Flat-headed hadrosaurine hadrosaurids are much less numerous, but appear well diversified as well： Kerberosaurus manakini at Blagoveschensk, Wulagasaurus dongi at Wulaga, and a new genus at Kundur. Theropods are represented by shed teeth and isolated bones; isolated scutes and teeth discovered at Kundur are tentatively attributed to nodosaurids. Palynological studies suggest that these sites are probably synchronous with the Lancian＇ vertebrate localities of western North America, which represent the youngest dinosaur faunas in this area. However, the latest Cretaceous dinosaur assemblages are completely different in the Amur/Heilongjiang region （lambeosaurines abundant, ceratopsids absent） and in western North America （ceratopsids abundant, lainbeosaurines extremely rare or absent）. This probably reflects some kind of geographical barrier between both areas by Maastrichtian time rather than strong differences in palaeoecological conditions.
基金the Projects NSFC 30220130698 40842002Project"111"of China+2 种基金the Project of the Bureau of Land&Resources of Heilongjiang,China for their financial supports to this research workthe financial supports of Russian Projects RFFI No.04-04-49522the President Grantfor State Support of Leading Scientific Scholars in Russian Federation SS-1615 of Russia
文摘An international cooperative study of the Late Cretaceous biota and non-marine strata including the Cretaceous-Paleogene(K--Pg) boundary in Jiayin near the Heilongjiang River,China during 2002-2010,is summarized in this paper. The strata includes the Upper Cretaceous Yong'ancun-,Taipinglinchang-,Yuliang-zi-,and Furao formations,and the Paleocence Wuyun Formation consisting of Baoshantou Member and a Coalbearing Member. Seven palynological assemblages from Santonian to Paleocene are recognized,which is used for definition of the K--Pg boundary. Through the palynological analysis of three drilled boreholes (XHY-2005,2006,2008) in Xiaoheyan of western Jiayin,the K--Pg boundary is defined within 20. 00-20. 05 m in the borehole XHY-2006 (as a standard boundary) which is just between the top of Furao Formation (late Maasterichtian) and the base of Baishantou Member (early Danian) . These new research results are supported by paleo- magnetic,geochemical and other analyses,also. On the other hand,the presence of eight taxa of Maasterichtian dinosaurs (mostly hadrosaurids) have been recognized by the authors; and two mega-plant assemblages from the Yong'ancun Fm (Santonian) to Taipinglinchang Fm (Campanian) are confirmed. These research a-chievements indicate that the Upper Cretaceous-Paleocene in Jiayin can be well correlated to the strata in the neighboring Zeya-Bureja basin,Russia. The K--Pg boundary definited in Jiayin is the first well documented non-marine K--Pg boundary in China. Also the related paleoclimate,paleoenvironment and the mass extinctions in this area during the Cretaceous-Paleocene transition are also discussed.
文摘One year after the publication of research on the Xiahe mandible, the first Denisovan fossil found outside of Denisova Cave,the same research team has now reported their findings of Denisovan DNA from sediments of the Baishiya Karst Cave (BKC) on the Tibetan Plateau where the Xiahe mandible was found.
文摘A team of scientists from the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology(IVPP)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and from the Shandong Tianyu Museum of Natural History have isolated exquisitely preserved cartilage cells in a125-million-year-old dinosaur from northeast China that contain nuclei with remnants of organic molecules and chromatin.The study was published in Communications Biology on Sept.24.
文摘Fossils of a strange early giraffoid have revealed the key driving forces in giraffe evolution,according to a study led by researchers from the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology(IVPP)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.The study was published in Science on June 2.How the giraffe’s long neck evolved has long been an evolutionary mystery.Although there have been different opinions about the process of giraffe neck elongation,scientists never doubted that the impetus for neck elongation was high foliage.
文摘According to a study by scientists from the University of California at Berkeley and the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (IVPP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,a 50 million-year-old fossil from Antarctica,belonging to an extinct group of ocean-going birds called pelagornithids, is thought to be the oldest record of truly giant flying birds.
文摘A joint research team led by Dr.MAO Fangyuan and Dr.ZHANG Chi from the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology(IVPP)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Prof.MENG Jin from the American Museum of Natural History have discovered two new species of mammal-like,burrowing animals that lived about 120 million years ago in what is now northeastern China.
