One year after the election of the present IUGS Executive Committee(EC)is a good opportunity to report on the state of the Union,especially with regard to what was outlined in the Editorial published in the Episodes i...One year after the election of the present IUGS Executive Committee(EC)is a good opportunity to report on the state of the Union,especially with regard to what was outlined in the Editorial published in the Episodes issue of September 2008.One of the main ideas for the development of IUGS activities in a context of limited funds was the promotion of national and international“grassroots”actions within the framework provided by the goals.展开更多
Introduction The International Union of Geological Sciences(IUGS)was formed in 1961 as the umbrella organisation to represent the geosciences globally.It is a non-political,non-governmental and notfor-profit organizat...Introduction The International Union of Geological Sciences(IUGS)was formed in 1961 as the umbrella organisation to represent the geosciences globally.It is a non-political,non-governmental and notfor-profit organization with 120 member countries,which:1.Promotes development of the geosciences through the support of international,broad-based,and interdisciplinary scientific studies relevant to the entire System Earth.展开更多
Date and Venue of the Review:2 October 2010 Namibian Geological Survey Building,Windhoek,Namibia.Ad hoc Review Committee Members:Colin Simpson-IUGS Councillor(ARC Chair)Peter Bobrowsky-IUGS Secretary General(ARC Secre...Date and Venue of the Review:2 October 2010 Namibian Geological Survey Building,Windhoek,Namibia.Ad hoc Review Committee Members:Colin Simpson-IUGS Councillor(ARC Chair)Peter Bobrowsky-IUGS Secretary General(ARC Secretary)Gabi Schneider-Director(Namibian Geological Survey)Geoff Grantham-Geologist(South Africa Council for Geoscience).展开更多
In celebration of the IUGS 50th Anniversary throughout 2011,the IUGS Executive Committee hosted a global essay contest for early career geoscientists under the age of 35 years of age to express their views on the futu...In celebration of the IUGS 50th Anniversary throughout 2011,the IUGS Executive Committee hosted a global essay contest for early career geoscientists under the age of 35 years of age to express their views on the future of the geological sciences.IUGS is now honoring the best four essays submitted by young scientists by highlighting in Episodes their opinions on The Future of the Geological Sciences.The winning author,Gemma Venhuizen from the Netherlands,will be provided with a travel grant to attend the International Geological Congress(IGC)in Brisbane,Australia in August 2012 to present her paper and receive an IUGS medal for her creative and inspiring article CoCoA:the Future Ingredient for Geoscientific Research which focuses on the future of geoscience research.Other honored articles were submitted by Anne Carter Witt from the United States of America,Tim Stahl from New Zealand,and Nathan Barber from the United States of America.展开更多
The International Union of Geological Sciences has always taken utmost care to comply with all fundamental procedures directed to achieve its statutory aims as an international scientific organization.It is to disappo...The International Union of Geological Sciences has always taken utmost care to comply with all fundamental procedures directed to achieve its statutory aims as an international scientific organization.It is to disappointing therefore to read statements that cast doubts on this stance and some brief clarifications on that issue are therefore in order.These lines are in no way directed to answer dissenting views on the recommendation of the IUGS-IUPAC Task Group on Isotopes in Geosciences(TGIG);it would impossible to devote adequate space to expose the opinion of every individual and inappropriate to answer on matters that should be discussed through the different IUGS bodies.展开更多
Date and venue of the review:24-25 September 2009 German Geo-logical Survey(BGR)Building,Hannover,Germany.Ad hoc Review Committee members:Peter Bobrowsky-IUGS Secretary-General(ARC Chair)Colin Simpson-IUGS Councillor(...Date and venue of the review:24-25 September 2009 German Geo-logical Survey(BGR)Building,Hannover,Germany.Ad hoc Review Committee members:Peter Bobrowsky-IUGS Secretary-General(ARC Chair)Colin Simpson-IUGS Councillor(ARC Secretary)Jonas Satkunas-Deputy Director-Lithuanian Geological Survey Brian Marker(Independent Consultant)CGI Council Member Participants Kristine Asch(CGI Chairperson)-Germany Ian Jackson(CGI Secretary General)-United Kingdom.展开更多
An Ad Hoc Review Committee(ARC)was convened to consider the IUGS Initiative on Forensic Geology(FG).The meeting held on 4^(th) April 2016 at Piccadilly Place,Manchester,UK under the Chairmanship of Prof.Jose P.Calvo(J...An Ad Hoc Review Committee(ARC)was convened to consider the IUGS Initiative on Forensic Geology(FG).The meeting held on 4^(th) April 2016 at Piccadilly Place,Manchester,UK under the Chairmanship of Prof.Jose P.Calvo(JC),Secretary General,IUGS.The other attendees of the meeting were Prof.Marko Komac(MK),Vice-President of the IUGS,Dr.Laurence Donnelly(LD),Chair of the IUGS Initiative on Forensic Geology(IFG)and a Forensic Geologist and Police Search Adviser,Dr.Alastair Ruffel(AL),Forensic Geologist at Queens University,Belfast,who has significant experience in forensic geology and in working with law enforcement agencies,and Inspector Colin Hope(CH),National Search Advisor at the UK National Crime Agency.展开更多
On 21 February 2011 UNESCO Head-quarters in Paris was the site of a celebratory programme commemorating the 50th anniversary of the International Union of Geological Sciences.The celebration began with a viewing of a ...On 21 February 2011 UNESCO Head-quarters in Paris was the site of a celebratory programme commemorating the 50th anniversary of the International Union of Geological Sciences.The celebration began with a viewing of a new video,which vividly demonstrates the role of our sciences and of our Union in serving society worldwide.(Readers can see the video at iugs.org.)After the video,participants were greeted by remarks from the Executive Director of ICSU,Deliang Chen;UNESCO’s Assistant Director General for Natural Sciences,Gretchen Kalonji;and myself as IUGS President.Keynote speaker Iain Stewart,University of Plymouth,UK,discussed how Earth made us.展开更多
Dear colleagues,during the 34th International Geological Congress in Brisbane I was elected president by your national committee members.It was the first open election of EC and bureau members with more than just one ...Dear colleagues,during the 34th International Geological Congress in Brisbane I was elected president by your national committee members.It was the first open election of EC and bureau members with more than just one candidate per office task since many years.The fact that in the past this was not the rule has been a concern of many IUGS members for a long time.Being nominated as candidate needs national and international support before the election and of course I am grateful to all the national committees that supported my candidacy as well as to those who supported John Ludden who joined the“race”when Sospeter Mohungo stepped down due to his appointment as minister of energy and resources in Tanzania.展开更多
Almost four years have passed since I was elected IUGS President for the period 2008-2012.It seems appropriate before concluding my term to report on the main activities undertaken during those four years,especially w...Almost four years have passed since I was elected IUGS President for the period 2008-2012.It seems appropriate before concluding my term to report on the main activities undertaken during those four years,especially with regard to what was outlined in my presentation to the IUGS Council in Oslo on August 13,2008,and my editorial in the 2008 September issue(vol.31 No.3)of Episodes.展开更多
The International Geological Congress(IGC)was born in 1878 to provide an international forum to the world geological community to consider uniformity in nomenclature and map symbols for geologic reports.The initial st...The International Geological Congress(IGC)was born in 1878 to provide an international forum to the world geological community to consider uniformity in nomenclature and map symbols for geologic reports.The initial steps were taken during the 1^(st) IGC(Paris,1878),when several commissions were created,i.e.Unification of Geological Nomenclature,Unification of Geological Figures,and Nomenclature of Mineralogical and Paleontological Species.展开更多
Since I became IUGS President in August 2008 one of the main concerns has been the participation of the IUGS Adhering and Affiliated Members in Union activities.The 121 Adhering Members and 51 Affiliated Organizations...Since I became IUGS President in August 2008 one of the main concerns has been the participation of the IUGS Adhering and Affiliated Members in Union activities.The 121 Adhering Members and 51 Affiliated Organizations constitute the backbone of IUGS.Here I outline some of the steps that have been taken to achieve this goal,which continues to be a priority for the IUGS.展开更多
This Editorial was first published in Episodes volume 34,December 2011 issue.By oversight some corrections were not incorporated.We are reproducing here the corrected version.This error is highly regretted.
The study characterized the biochemical changes associated with long term exposure to pesticides. Practical parameters of pesticides were collected using 500 questionnaires. Farmers having 10 years working period were...The study characterized the biochemical changes associated with long term exposure to pesticides. Practical parameters of pesticides were collected using 500 questionnaires. Farmers having 10 years working period were invited to a private clinic for blood sampling and enzyme analysis. All participants were male farmers of different age groups, and education levels. Occupational parameters indicated that majority of farmers used manual methods for pesticide works. About 130 pesticides are currently used in Gaza. Toxicological symptoms indicated that dizziness, headache, and nausea were dominant among farmers, whereas vomiting abdominal colic and tearing were less dominant. Acetyl Cholinesterase (ACHE) cumulatively inhibited among farmers after work whereas Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) activities were above range after long term exposure. It can be concluded that long term exposure to pesticides may damage liver and kidney cells resulting in hepatic-toxicity and/or nephrotoxicity.展开更多
THE USE OF KNOWLEDGE GRAPH IN NATURAL SCIENCE Knowledge graph is a field of Artificial Intelligence(AI)that aims to represent knowledge in the form of graphs,consisting of nodes and edges which represent entities and ...THE USE OF KNOWLEDGE GRAPH IN NATURAL SCIENCE Knowledge graph is a field of Artificial Intelligence(AI)that aims to represent knowledge in the form of graphs,consisting of nodes and edges which represent entities and relationships between nodes respectively(Aidan et al.,2022).Although the knowledge graph was popularized recently due to use of this idea in Google’s search engine in 2012(Amit,2012),its root can be traced back to the emergence of the Semantic Web as well as earlier works in ontology(Aggarwal,2021).展开更多
Employing the full versions of GIS software with its numerous functions to manage case-specific applications is becoming inconvenient for many reasons. A convenient solution that is spreading worldwide to solve this p...Employing the full versions of GIS software with its numerous functions to manage case-specific applications is becoming inconvenient for many reasons. A convenient solution that is spreading worldwide to solve this problem is to develop customized tools that use the same GIS concept to meet specific applications. The water resource department in Gaza strip has been facing technical and financial difficulties in using the full GIS versions in managing groundwater resources. Thus, the objective of this paper was to develop a customized standalone GIS-Based ground water quality assessment tool (GWQAT) to be used by the water resources management department in Gaza strip. GWQAT was developed using Microsoft visual basic programming language, a regression mathematical model, map objects, and map files generated from ESRI ARC Info. GWQAT was designed to achieve many functions such as mapping, map overlaying, buffering, charting, soil hydro-geological profiling, and predicting future groundwater quality parameters variations. The simplicity and validity of GWQAT was demonstrated by its application on the groundwater quality parameters in Gaza strip wells with emphasis on chloride concentration.展开更多
If you are a gold digger you want to find more gold.Therefore,you collect and analyse a maximum amount of,in particular,geological data and information as that would give you the best clues for finding new occurrences...If you are a gold digger you want to find more gold.Therefore,you collect and analyse a maximum amount of,in particular,geological data and information as that would give you the best clues for finding new occurrences.Geological maps are the main communication tools for geologists.Such maps may be quite complex for non-geologists but even for fellow geoscientists as these often cramp a multitude of subsurface information into a 2D frame.Geochemical information ranks high on the list of most wanted information for exploration geologists.Such information normally comes from geochemical analyses of rock or soil samples.For regional inventories often geochemical data sets from stream sedimentsare used.Nation-or even continent-wide geochemical data sets have now become available for many regions on this planet.展开更多
Introduction The 33rd International Geological Congress is organised jointly by the Nordic countries and held in Oslo, Norway, August 6-14, 2008. This ＂Geoscience World Congress 2008＂ will run up to 40 parallel scie...Introduction The 33rd International Geological Congress is organised jointly by the Nordic countries and held in Oslo, Norway, August 6-14, 2008. This ＂Geoscience World Congress 2008＂ will run up to 40 parallel science sessions, poster sessions, an extensive exhibition, short-courses, workshops, and business meetings, as well as more than 50 exciting pre-and post Congress excursions. The excursions include all the Nordic countries, as well as Greenland, Svalbard, the Faeroes, Russia and Ukraine. All major geoscientific themes are being covered by the Congress. Through a series of ＂Themes of the Day＂, seven themes with major societal impact will be covered in plenary sessions with invited lecturers,展开更多
文摘One year after the election of the present IUGS Executive Committee(EC)is a good opportunity to report on the state of the Union,especially with regard to what was outlined in the Editorial published in the Episodes issue of September 2008.One of the main ideas for the development of IUGS activities in a context of limited funds was the promotion of national and international“grassroots”actions within the framework provided by the goals.
文摘Introduction The International Union of Geological Sciences(IUGS)was formed in 1961 as the umbrella organisation to represent the geosciences globally.It is a non-political,non-governmental and notfor-profit organization with 120 member countries,which:1.Promotes development of the geosciences through the support of international,broad-based,and interdisciplinary scientific studies relevant to the entire System Earth.
文摘Date and Venue of the Review:2 October 2010 Namibian Geological Survey Building,Windhoek,Namibia.Ad hoc Review Committee Members:Colin Simpson-IUGS Councillor(ARC Chair)Peter Bobrowsky-IUGS Secretary General(ARC Secretary)Gabi Schneider-Director(Namibian Geological Survey)Geoff Grantham-Geologist(South Africa Council for Geoscience).
文摘In celebration of the IUGS 50th Anniversary throughout 2011,the IUGS Executive Committee hosted a global essay contest for early career geoscientists under the age of 35 years of age to express their views on the future of the geological sciences.IUGS is now honoring the best four essays submitted by young scientists by highlighting in Episodes their opinions on The Future of the Geological Sciences.The winning author,Gemma Venhuizen from the Netherlands,will be provided with a travel grant to attend the International Geological Congress(IGC)in Brisbane,Australia in August 2012 to present her paper and receive an IUGS medal for her creative and inspiring article CoCoA:the Future Ingredient for Geoscientific Research which focuses on the future of geoscience research.Other honored articles were submitted by Anne Carter Witt from the United States of America,Tim Stahl from New Zealand,and Nathan Barber from the United States of America.
文摘The International Union of Geological Sciences has always taken utmost care to comply with all fundamental procedures directed to achieve its statutory aims as an international scientific organization.It is to disappointing therefore to read statements that cast doubts on this stance and some brief clarifications on that issue are therefore in order.These lines are in no way directed to answer dissenting views on the recommendation of the IUGS-IUPAC Task Group on Isotopes in Geosciences(TGIG);it would impossible to devote adequate space to expose the opinion of every individual and inappropriate to answer on matters that should be discussed through the different IUGS bodies.
文摘Date and venue of the review:24-25 September 2009 German Geo-logical Survey(BGR)Building,Hannover,Germany.Ad hoc Review Committee members:Peter Bobrowsky-IUGS Secretary-General(ARC Chair)Colin Simpson-IUGS Councillor(ARC Secretary)Jonas Satkunas-Deputy Director-Lithuanian Geological Survey Brian Marker(Independent Consultant)CGI Council Member Participants Kristine Asch(CGI Chairperson)-Germany Ian Jackson(CGI Secretary General)-United Kingdom.
文摘An Ad Hoc Review Committee(ARC)was convened to consider the IUGS Initiative on Forensic Geology(FG).The meeting held on 4^(th) April 2016 at Piccadilly Place,Manchester,UK under the Chairmanship of Prof.Jose P.Calvo(JC),Secretary General,IUGS.The other attendees of the meeting were Prof.Marko Komac(MK),Vice-President of the IUGS,Dr.Laurence Donnelly(LD),Chair of the IUGS Initiative on Forensic Geology(IFG)and a Forensic Geologist and Police Search Adviser,Dr.Alastair Ruffel(AL),Forensic Geologist at Queens University,Belfast,who has significant experience in forensic geology and in working with law enforcement agencies,and Inspector Colin Hope(CH),National Search Advisor at the UK National Crime Agency.
文摘On 21 February 2011 UNESCO Head-quarters in Paris was the site of a celebratory programme commemorating the 50th anniversary of the International Union of Geological Sciences.The celebration began with a viewing of a new video,which vividly demonstrates the role of our sciences and of our Union in serving society worldwide.(Readers can see the video at iugs.org.)After the video,participants were greeted by remarks from the Executive Director of ICSU,Deliang Chen;UNESCO’s Assistant Director General for Natural Sciences,Gretchen Kalonji;and myself as IUGS President.Keynote speaker Iain Stewart,University of Plymouth,UK,discussed how Earth made us.
文摘Dear colleagues,during the 34th International Geological Congress in Brisbane I was elected president by your national committee members.It was the first open election of EC and bureau members with more than just one candidate per office task since many years.The fact that in the past this was not the rule has been a concern of many IUGS members for a long time.Being nominated as candidate needs national and international support before the election and of course I am grateful to all the national committees that supported my candidacy as well as to those who supported John Ludden who joined the“race”when Sospeter Mohungo stepped down due to his appointment as minister of energy and resources in Tanzania.
文摘Almost four years have passed since I was elected IUGS President for the period 2008-2012.It seems appropriate before concluding my term to report on the main activities undertaken during those four years,especially with regard to what was outlined in my presentation to the IUGS Council in Oslo on August 13,2008,and my editorial in the 2008 September issue(vol.31 No.3)of Episodes.
文摘The International Geological Congress(IGC)was born in 1878 to provide an international forum to the world geological community to consider uniformity in nomenclature and map symbols for geologic reports.The initial steps were taken during the 1^(st) IGC(Paris,1878),when several commissions were created,i.e.Unification of Geological Nomenclature,Unification of Geological Figures,and Nomenclature of Mineralogical and Paleontological Species.
文摘Since I became IUGS President in August 2008 one of the main concerns has been the participation of the IUGS Adhering and Affiliated Members in Union activities.The 121 Adhering Members and 51 Affiliated Organizations constitute the backbone of IUGS.Here I outline some of the steps that have been taken to achieve this goal,which continues to be a priority for the IUGS.
文摘This Editorial was first published in Episodes volume 34,December 2011 issue.By oversight some corrections were not incorporated.We are reproducing here the corrected version.This error is highly regretted.
文摘The study characterized the biochemical changes associated with long term exposure to pesticides. Practical parameters of pesticides were collected using 500 questionnaires. Farmers having 10 years working period were invited to a private clinic for blood sampling and enzyme analysis. All participants were male farmers of different age groups, and education levels. Occupational parameters indicated that majority of farmers used manual methods for pesticide works. About 130 pesticides are currently used in Gaza. Toxicological symptoms indicated that dizziness, headache, and nausea were dominant among farmers, whereas vomiting abdominal colic and tearing were less dominant. Acetyl Cholinesterase (ACHE) cumulatively inhibited among farmers after work whereas Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) activities were above range after long term exposure. It can be concluded that long term exposure to pesticides may damage liver and kidney cells resulting in hepatic-toxicity and/or nephrotoxicity.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.42050102,42050101)。
文摘THE USE OF KNOWLEDGE GRAPH IN NATURAL SCIENCE Knowledge graph is a field of Artificial Intelligence(AI)that aims to represent knowledge in the form of graphs,consisting of nodes and edges which represent entities and relationships between nodes respectively(Aidan et al.,2022).Although the knowledge graph was popularized recently due to use of this idea in Google’s search engine in 2012(Amit,2012),its root can be traced back to the emergence of the Semantic Web as well as earlier works in ontology(Aggarwal,2021).
文摘Employing the full versions of GIS software with its numerous functions to manage case-specific applications is becoming inconvenient for many reasons. A convenient solution that is spreading worldwide to solve this problem is to develop customized tools that use the same GIS concept to meet specific applications. The water resource department in Gaza strip has been facing technical and financial difficulties in using the full GIS versions in managing groundwater resources. Thus, the objective of this paper was to develop a customized standalone GIS-Based ground water quality assessment tool (GWQAT) to be used by the water resources management department in Gaza strip. GWQAT was developed using Microsoft visual basic programming language, a regression mathematical model, map objects, and map files generated from ESRI ARC Info. GWQAT was designed to achieve many functions such as mapping, map overlaying, buffering, charting, soil hydro-geological profiling, and predicting future groundwater quality parameters variations. The simplicity and validity of GWQAT was demonstrated by its application on the groundwater quality parameters in Gaza strip wells with emphasis on chloride concentration.
文摘If you are a gold digger you want to find more gold.Therefore,you collect and analyse a maximum amount of,in particular,geological data and information as that would give you the best clues for finding new occurrences.Geological maps are the main communication tools for geologists.Such maps may be quite complex for non-geologists but even for fellow geoscientists as these often cramp a multitude of subsurface information into a 2D frame.Geochemical information ranks high on the list of most wanted information for exploration geologists.Such information normally comes from geochemical analyses of rock or soil samples.For regional inventories often geochemical data sets from stream sedimentsare used.Nation-or even continent-wide geochemical data sets have now become available for many regions on this planet.
文摘Introduction The 33rd International Geological Congress is organised jointly by the Nordic countries and held in Oslo, Norway, August 6-14, 2008. This ＂Geoscience World Congress 2008＂ will run up to 40 parallel science sessions, poster sessions, an extensive exhibition, short-courses, workshops, and business meetings, as well as more than 50 exciting pre-and post Congress excursions. The excursions include all the Nordic countries, as well as Greenland, Svalbard, the Faeroes, Russia and Ukraine. All major geoscientific themes are being covered by the Congress. Through a series of ＂Themes of the Day＂, seven themes with major societal impact will be covered in plenary sessions with invited lecturers,
