Stocking of Lake Kinneret by exotic fish species (Mugilids: Mugil cephalus and Liza ramada) started in 1958. The rational stocking of Lake Kinneret with Mugilids was double functioned: To improve fishermen income and ...Stocking of Lake Kinneret by exotic fish species (Mugilids: Mugil cephalus and Liza ramada) started in 1958. The rational stocking of Lake Kinneret with Mugilids was double functioned: To improve fishermen income and the water quality in the lake. Mugilids are chosen as introduction target because their market value is high, the fish cannot reproduce in the lake and fingerlings are low cost available. During 1960-2015, 56.2 million fingerlings were introduced into the lake approximately averaged one million per year of M. cephalus (MC) and L. ramada (LR). The study of the Mugilids food composition has indicated consumption of suspensoids, mostly detritial organic particles. Therefore no damage to water quality is suggested. The best fitness between recruitment to Dock on Side landings and stocking capacity was evaluated at 3 years interval. Differences were found between recruitments of MC and LR to commercial catches by individual averaged age and weight. The long term success of Mugilid introduction to Lake Kinneret is confirmed.展开更多
Silver Carp (SC) (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Valenciennes, 1844) is a worldwide common fish for aquaculture and stocking in lakes and reservoirs. The fish is distributed through rivers, aquaculture and stocking in a...Silver Carp (SC) (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Valenciennes, 1844) is a worldwide common fish for aquaculture and stocking in lakes and reservoirs. The fish is distributed through rivers, aquaculture and stocking in about 90 countries around the world. SC was first introduced into Lake Kinneret in 1969 and continues onwards. Total number of stocked fingerlings (1969-2013) was 18.5 × 106 (average: 441 × 103 per year). The total catch (tons) of SC in Lake Kinneret was 3218 tons, average: 75 t/year. Studies on SC in East Lake, China, revealed that the fish was a phytoplanktivorous and percentage of consumed phytoplankton varied between 83% - 91% where Microcystis was the major item. In Lake Kinneret, the effects of SC and the Cichlid, Galilee St. Peters Fish (S. galilaeus) on Plankton resources are not independent and potentially competitors. SC is also known as efficient consumer of Microcystis. It was found that environmental conditions in Lake Kinneret were optimal for reasonable growth and recruitment of this fish to commercial fishery. The SC did not reproduce in Lake Kinneret and we recommended introducing annually 600 - 1000 × 103 fingerlings for the benefit of water quality protection and fishermen income.展开更多
Analysis of long-term data-sets of limnological and ichthyological features of the Lake Kinneret ecosystem structure revealed evidence that the decline of fish landings during 2007-2008 was not an unpredicted crisis a...Analysis of long-term data-sets of limnological and ichthyological features of the Lake Kinneret ecosystem structure revealed evidence that the decline of fish landings during 2007-2008 was not an unpredicted crisis and included only Tilapias, and mostly S. galilaeus. Several factors were found to be responsible for the decline and recovery afterwards: decline of stocking, enhancement of population size of food competitors (Bleaks), the use of smaller mesh size of fishing nets, increase of predation pressure by Cormorants, the burst of Viral Disease, natural cyclic oscillation of ENSO event and its higher frequencies and intensities during the 2000’s. Therefore, recommendations aimed at ceased fishing are not justified and fishery continuation is correct: renewal of Bleaks fishing effort, improvement of fishing legislations, enforcement and management of fish stocking, and efficient implementation of Cormorants deportation.展开更多
Purpose:Prompt vascular access is crucial for resuscitating bleeding trauma casualties in prehospital settings but achieving peripheral intravenous(PIV)access can be challenging during hemorrhagic shock due to periphe...Purpose:Prompt vascular access is crucial for resuscitating bleeding trauma casualties in prehospital settings but achieving peripheral intravenous(PIV)access can be challenging during hemorrhagic shock due to peripheral vessel collapse.Early intraosseous(IO)device use is suggested as an alternative.This study examines injury characteristics and factors linked to IO access requirements.Methods:A registry-based cohort study from the Israel Defense Forces Trauma Registry(2010-2023)included trauma casualties receiving PIV or IO access prehospital.Casualties who had at least one documented PIV or IO access attempt were included,while those without vascular access were excluded.Casualties requiring both PIV and IO were classified in the IO group.Univariable logistic regression assessed the factors associated with IO access.Results were reported as odds ratios(OR)with 95%confidence intervals(CI),and significant difference was set at p<0.05.Results:Of 3462 casualties(86.3%male,the median age:22 years),3287(94.9%)received PIV access and 175(5.1%)had IO access attempts.In the IO group,30.3%received freeze-dried plasma and 23.4%received low titer group O whole blood,significantly higher than that in the PIV group.Prehospital mortality was 35.0%in the IO group.Univariable analysis showed significant associations with IO access for increased PIV attempts(OR=1.69;95%CI:1.34-2.13)and signs of profound shock(OR=11.0;95%CI:5.5-23.3).Conclusion:Profound shock signs are strongly linked to the need for IO access in prehospital settings with each successive PIV attempt increasing the likelihood of requiring IO conversion.IO access often accompanies low titer group O whole blood or freeze-dried plasma administration and higher prehospital mortality,indicating its use in emergent resuscitation situations.Early IO consideration is advised for trauma casualties with profound shock.展开更多
Neurodevelopmental processes represent a finely tuned interplay between genetic and environmental factors,shaping the dynamic landscape of the developing brain.A major component of the developing brain that enables th...Neurodevelopmental processes represent a finely tuned interplay between genetic and environmental factors,shaping the dynamic landscape of the developing brain.A major component of the developing brain that enables this dynamic is the white matter(WM),known to be affected in neurodevelopmental disorders(NDDs)(Rokach et al.,2024).WM formation is mediated by myelination,a multifactorial process driven by neuro-glia interactions dependent on proper neuronal functionality(Simons and Trajkovic,2006).Another key aspect of neurodevelopmental abnormalities involves neuronal dynamics and function,with recent advances significantly enhancing our understanding of both neuronal and glial mitochondrial function(Devine and Kittler,2018;Rojas-Charry et al.,2021).Energy homeostasis in neurons,attributed largely to mitochondrial function,is critical for proper functionality and interactions with oligodendrocytes(OLs),the cells forming myelin in the brain’s WM.We herein discuss the interplay between these processes and speculate on potential dysfunction in NDDs.展开更多
Today, agricultural production is threatened by crop pathogens, including plant-parasitic nematodes. Because of their harmful effects on the environment and human health, synthetic nematicides are gradually being bann...Today, agricultural production is threatened by crop pathogens, including plant-parasitic nematodes. Because of their harmful effects on the environment and human health, synthetic nematicides are gradually being banned in several countries. This study evaluates the nematicidal activity of Datura metel oil. Datura metel seed oil was obtained using the Soxhlet extractor in hexane. The resulting oil was characterized by determining physicochemical parameters and molecular composition using GC-MS. The nematicidal activity of the oil was assessed by determining the number of dead nematodes. Physicochemical characterization gave an acidity index of 0.3% and a peroxide index of 10 meq.O2/Kg, while GC-MS analysis identified 30 molecules made up mainly of fatty acid esters, four of which represented over 74% of the oil’s total weight. The nematicidal activity of the oil, expressed in terms of mortality rate as a function of concentration, showed mortality rates of 58;69 and 79% over 48 hours of incubation at concentrations of 25, 50 and 100 µg/mL respectively. The activity observed could be linked to the high presence of the four compounds most commonly identified in the oil. These results suggest that Datura metel oil could be a promising alternative to synthetic pesticides for the control of crop pests.展开更多
Objective:To assess the level of nursing students’knowledge about delirium and its associated risk factors.Delirium is a clinical syndrome characterized by alterations in cognition and psychomotor activity.Since deli...Objective:To assess the level of nursing students’knowledge about delirium and its associated risk factors.Delirium is a clinical syndrome characterized by alterations in cognition and psychomotor activity.Since delirium is common among geriatric patients,adequate preparedness of nursing students to assess and manage delirious geriatric patients is necessary to improve potential nurses’quality of care and communication with this group.Limited research work was conducted to address nursing students’knowledge about delirium.Methods:This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from October 2022 to February 2023.A convenience sampling was used,and 319 valid questionnaires were obtained from nursing students from six Jordanian governmental and private universities,who were at least in their third academic year.An adopted delirium knowledge scale was used to collect data.Descriptive statistics and an independent t-test were used for data analysis.Results:The mean for general knowledge about delirium was 57.5%.The mean for knowledge of delirium risk factors was 61.8%.Nursing students in their fourth academic year scored significantly higher on both general knowledge and risk knowledge scales than students in the third academic year.Conclusions:Nursing students’knowledge regarding delirium and its risk factors was low.Educational efforts should be maximized for incorporating and addressing the topic of delirium in the undergraduate nursing curriculum.Implications of this study include revising nursing curricula to ensure that students receive enough education on delirium,including its detection,diagnosis,and management.The implications also include giving nursing students the chance to gain experience in caring for delirious patients and providing them with the tools and resources they need to assess and manage delirium.展开更多
以以色列南部Seder Boker地区采集的粘壤土样品为研究对象。在室内利用ASD Field Spec 3型高光谱仪获取土壤的原始光谱,在进行数据预处理和不同数学变换后,共获取了4种光谱指标:光谱反射率(REF)、倒数之对数(LR)、一阶微分(FDR)和去包络...以以色列南部Seder Boker地区采集的粘壤土样品为研究对象。在室内利用ASD Field Spec 3型高光谱仪获取土壤的原始光谱,在进行数据预处理和不同数学变换后,共获取了4种光谱指标:光谱反射率(REF)、倒数之对数(LR)、一阶微分(FDR)和去包络线(CR)。采用偏最小二乘回归法(PLSR)、逐步回归法(SR)和岭回归法(RR)构建了基于不同指标的土壤含水率高光谱反演模型,并对反演结果进行精度验证与比较。结果表明:REF-PLSR模型在所有回归模型中的反演与预测效果均为最优(R2c=0.990,R2p=0.987),在逐步回归模型和岭回归模型中,LR-SR(R2c=0.981,R2p=0.971)、LR-RR(R2c=0.975,R2p=0.979)均为最佳模型。对于其他3种指标,虽然逐步回归法和岭回归法的建模效果较偏最小二乘回归法略有下降,但R2c均大于0.9,R2p均大于0.8,RPD均大于2.5,RMSE均小于0.03,模型仍具有较好的反演效果;逐步回归法和岭回归法均实现了模型的简化,但岭回归法采用有偏估计从而提高了模型的稳健性,且实现了波段的优选(用于建模的波段数仅为全光谱的0.3%)。粘壤土土壤含水率LR-RR高光谱反演模型的建立为高光谱模型的优化、土壤含水率的快速测定提供了途径。展开更多
土壤盐渍化是干旱灌区农业可持续发展亟待解决的关键问题,膜下滴灌加适宜的节水控盐灌溉制度可有效控制根区土壤盐分,并提升作物产量。该研究以河套灌区玉米膜下滴灌田间试验为基础,应用农业水文模型(Agro-Hydrological&Chemical an...土壤盐渍化是干旱灌区农业可持续发展亟待解决的关键问题,膜下滴灌加适宜的节水控盐灌溉制度可有效控制根区土壤盐分,并提升作物产量。该研究以河套灌区玉米膜下滴灌田间试验为基础,应用农业水文模型(Agro-Hydrological&Chemical and Crop systems simulator,AHC)模拟分析了膜下滴灌农田土壤盐分胁迫和玉米产量对不同灌溉制度的响应,以期获得不同程度盐渍化土壤膜下滴灌玉米适宜的节水控盐灌溉制度。结果表明,土壤盐渍化、灌水下限及淋盐灌溉显著影响玉米灌溉制度和玉米耗水、产量与水分利用效率。轻度和中度盐渍化土壤玉米膜下滴灌适宜的节水-控盐-增产灌水下限分别为–25和–15 kPa,次灌水量为对应灌水下限无淋盐处理的灌水量与淋盐水量之和。轻度盐渍化土壤灌水下限为–25 kPa时,与不淋盐处理相比,淋盐处理盐分胁迫系数平均值可提高12.4%,产量可提高16.9%;中度盐渍化土壤灌水下限为–15 kPa时,与不淋盐处理相比,淋盐处理盐分胁迫系数平均值可提高31.1%,产量可提高25.2%。研究结果为河套灌区及类似干旱灌区玉米农田土壤水盐调控与灌溉管理提供科学依据。展开更多
文摘Stocking of Lake Kinneret by exotic fish species (Mugilids: Mugil cephalus and Liza ramada) started in 1958. The rational stocking of Lake Kinneret with Mugilids was double functioned: To improve fishermen income and the water quality in the lake. Mugilids are chosen as introduction target because their market value is high, the fish cannot reproduce in the lake and fingerlings are low cost available. During 1960-2015, 56.2 million fingerlings were introduced into the lake approximately averaged one million per year of M. cephalus (MC) and L. ramada (LR). The study of the Mugilids food composition has indicated consumption of suspensoids, mostly detritial organic particles. Therefore no damage to water quality is suggested. The best fitness between recruitment to Dock on Side landings and stocking capacity was evaluated at 3 years interval. Differences were found between recruitments of MC and LR to commercial catches by individual averaged age and weight. The long term success of Mugilid introduction to Lake Kinneret is confirmed.
文摘Silver Carp (SC) (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Valenciennes, 1844) is a worldwide common fish for aquaculture and stocking in lakes and reservoirs. The fish is distributed through rivers, aquaculture and stocking in about 90 countries around the world. SC was first introduced into Lake Kinneret in 1969 and continues onwards. Total number of stocked fingerlings (1969-2013) was 18.5 × 106 (average: 441 × 103 per year). The total catch (tons) of SC in Lake Kinneret was 3218 tons, average: 75 t/year. Studies on SC in East Lake, China, revealed that the fish was a phytoplanktivorous and percentage of consumed phytoplankton varied between 83% - 91% where Microcystis was the major item. In Lake Kinneret, the effects of SC and the Cichlid, Galilee St. Peters Fish (S. galilaeus) on Plankton resources are not independent and potentially competitors. SC is also known as efficient consumer of Microcystis. It was found that environmental conditions in Lake Kinneret were optimal for reasonable growth and recruitment of this fish to commercial fishery. The SC did not reproduce in Lake Kinneret and we recommended introducing annually 600 - 1000 × 103 fingerlings for the benefit of water quality protection and fishermen income.
文摘Analysis of long-term data-sets of limnological and ichthyological features of the Lake Kinneret ecosystem structure revealed evidence that the decline of fish landings during 2007-2008 was not an unpredicted crisis and included only Tilapias, and mostly S. galilaeus. Several factors were found to be responsible for the decline and recovery afterwards: decline of stocking, enhancement of population size of food competitors (Bleaks), the use of smaller mesh size of fishing nets, increase of predation pressure by Cormorants, the burst of Viral Disease, natural cyclic oscillation of ENSO event and its higher frequencies and intensities during the 2000’s. Therefore, recommendations aimed at ceased fishing are not justified and fishery continuation is correct: renewal of Bleaks fishing effort, improvement of fishing legislations, enforcement and management of fish stocking, and efficient implementation of Cormorants deportation.
文摘Purpose:Prompt vascular access is crucial for resuscitating bleeding trauma casualties in prehospital settings but achieving peripheral intravenous(PIV)access can be challenging during hemorrhagic shock due to peripheral vessel collapse.Early intraosseous(IO)device use is suggested as an alternative.This study examines injury characteristics and factors linked to IO access requirements.Methods:A registry-based cohort study from the Israel Defense Forces Trauma Registry(2010-2023)included trauma casualties receiving PIV or IO access prehospital.Casualties who had at least one documented PIV or IO access attempt were included,while those without vascular access were excluded.Casualties requiring both PIV and IO were classified in the IO group.Univariable logistic regression assessed the factors associated with IO access.Results were reported as odds ratios(OR)with 95%confidence intervals(CI),and significant difference was set at p<0.05.Results:Of 3462 casualties(86.3%male,the median age:22 years),3287(94.9%)received PIV access and 175(5.1%)had IO access attempts.In the IO group,30.3%received freeze-dried plasma and 23.4%received low titer group O whole blood,significantly higher than that in the PIV group.Prehospital mortality was 35.0%in the IO group.Univariable analysis showed significant associations with IO access for increased PIV attempts(OR=1.69;95%CI:1.34-2.13)and signs of profound shock(OR=11.0;95%CI:5.5-23.3).Conclusion:Profound shock signs are strongly linked to the need for IO access in prehospital settings with each successive PIV attempt increasing the likelihood of requiring IO conversion.IO access often accompanies low titer group O whole blood or freeze-dried plasma administration and higher prehospital mortality,indicating its use in emergent resuscitation situations.Early IO consideration is advised for trauma casualties with profound shock.
文摘Neurodevelopmental processes represent a finely tuned interplay between genetic and environmental factors,shaping the dynamic landscape of the developing brain.A major component of the developing brain that enables this dynamic is the white matter(WM),known to be affected in neurodevelopmental disorders(NDDs)(Rokach et al.,2024).WM formation is mediated by myelination,a multifactorial process driven by neuro-glia interactions dependent on proper neuronal functionality(Simons and Trajkovic,2006).Another key aspect of neurodevelopmental abnormalities involves neuronal dynamics and function,with recent advances significantly enhancing our understanding of both neuronal and glial mitochondrial function(Devine and Kittler,2018;Rojas-Charry et al.,2021).Energy homeostasis in neurons,attributed largely to mitochondrial function,is critical for proper functionality and interactions with oligodendrocytes(OLs),the cells forming myelin in the brain’s WM.We herein discuss the interplay between these processes and speculate on potential dysfunction in NDDs.
文摘Today, agricultural production is threatened by crop pathogens, including plant-parasitic nematodes. Because of their harmful effects on the environment and human health, synthetic nematicides are gradually being banned in several countries. This study evaluates the nematicidal activity of Datura metel oil. Datura metel seed oil was obtained using the Soxhlet extractor in hexane. The resulting oil was characterized by determining physicochemical parameters and molecular composition using GC-MS. The nematicidal activity of the oil was assessed by determining the number of dead nematodes. Physicochemical characterization gave an acidity index of 0.3% and a peroxide index of 10 meq.O2/Kg, while GC-MS analysis identified 30 molecules made up mainly of fatty acid esters, four of which represented over 74% of the oil’s total weight. The nematicidal activity of the oil, expressed in terms of mortality rate as a function of concentration, showed mortality rates of 58;69 and 79% over 48 hours of incubation at concentrations of 25, 50 and 100 µg/mL respectively. The activity observed could be linked to the high presence of the four compounds most commonly identified in the oil. These results suggest that Datura metel oil could be a promising alternative to synthetic pesticides for the control of crop pests.
文摘Objective:To assess the level of nursing students’knowledge about delirium and its associated risk factors.Delirium is a clinical syndrome characterized by alterations in cognition and psychomotor activity.Since delirium is common among geriatric patients,adequate preparedness of nursing students to assess and manage delirious geriatric patients is necessary to improve potential nurses’quality of care and communication with this group.Limited research work was conducted to address nursing students’knowledge about delirium.Methods:This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from October 2022 to February 2023.A convenience sampling was used,and 319 valid questionnaires were obtained from nursing students from six Jordanian governmental and private universities,who were at least in their third academic year.An adopted delirium knowledge scale was used to collect data.Descriptive statistics and an independent t-test were used for data analysis.Results:The mean for general knowledge about delirium was 57.5%.The mean for knowledge of delirium risk factors was 61.8%.Nursing students in their fourth academic year scored significantly higher on both general knowledge and risk knowledge scales than students in the third academic year.Conclusions:Nursing students’knowledge regarding delirium and its risk factors was low.Educational efforts should be maximized for incorporating and addressing the topic of delirium in the undergraduate nursing curriculum.Implications of this study include revising nursing curricula to ensure that students receive enough education on delirium,including its detection,diagnosis,and management.The implications also include giving nursing students the chance to gain experience in caring for delirious patients and providing them with the tools and resources they need to assess and manage delirium.
文摘以以色列南部Seder Boker地区采集的粘壤土样品为研究对象。在室内利用ASD Field Spec 3型高光谱仪获取土壤的原始光谱,在进行数据预处理和不同数学变换后,共获取了4种光谱指标:光谱反射率(REF)、倒数之对数(LR)、一阶微分(FDR)和去包络线(CR)。采用偏最小二乘回归法(PLSR)、逐步回归法(SR)和岭回归法(RR)构建了基于不同指标的土壤含水率高光谱反演模型,并对反演结果进行精度验证与比较。结果表明:REF-PLSR模型在所有回归模型中的反演与预测效果均为最优(R2c=0.990,R2p=0.987),在逐步回归模型和岭回归模型中,LR-SR(R2c=0.981,R2p=0.971)、LR-RR(R2c=0.975,R2p=0.979)均为最佳模型。对于其他3种指标,虽然逐步回归法和岭回归法的建模效果较偏最小二乘回归法略有下降,但R2c均大于0.9,R2p均大于0.8,RPD均大于2.5,RMSE均小于0.03,模型仍具有较好的反演效果;逐步回归法和岭回归法均实现了模型的简化,但岭回归法采用有偏估计从而提高了模型的稳健性,且实现了波段的优选(用于建模的波段数仅为全光谱的0.3%)。粘壤土土壤含水率LR-RR高光谱反演模型的建立为高光谱模型的优化、土壤含水率的快速测定提供了途径。
文摘土壤盐渍化是干旱灌区农业可持续发展亟待解决的关键问题,膜下滴灌加适宜的节水控盐灌溉制度可有效控制根区土壤盐分,并提升作物产量。该研究以河套灌区玉米膜下滴灌田间试验为基础,应用农业水文模型(Agro-Hydrological&Chemical and Crop systems simulator,AHC)模拟分析了膜下滴灌农田土壤盐分胁迫和玉米产量对不同灌溉制度的响应,以期获得不同程度盐渍化土壤膜下滴灌玉米适宜的节水控盐灌溉制度。结果表明,土壤盐渍化、灌水下限及淋盐灌溉显著影响玉米灌溉制度和玉米耗水、产量与水分利用效率。轻度和中度盐渍化土壤玉米膜下滴灌适宜的节水-控盐-增产灌水下限分别为–25和–15 kPa,次灌水量为对应灌水下限无淋盐处理的灌水量与淋盐水量之和。轻度盐渍化土壤灌水下限为–25 kPa时,与不淋盐处理相比,淋盐处理盐分胁迫系数平均值可提高12.4%,产量可提高16.9%;中度盐渍化土壤灌水下限为–15 kPa时,与不淋盐处理相比,淋盐处理盐分胁迫系数平均值可提高31.1%,产量可提高25.2%。研究结果为河套灌区及类似干旱灌区玉米农田土壤水盐调控与灌溉管理提供科学依据。
