This work aimed to study the efficiency of the reverse micelle(RM)preparation route in the syntheses of sub-5 nm Fe-doped CeO_(2)nanocrystals for boosting the visible-light-driven photocatalytic hydrogen production fr...This work aimed to study the efficiency of the reverse micelle(RM)preparation route in the syntheses of sub-5 nm Fe-doped CeO_(2)nanocrystals for boosting the visible-light-driven photocatalytic hydrogen production from methanol aqueous solutions.The effectiveness of confining precipitation reactions within micellar cages was evaluated through extensive physicochemical cha racterization.In particula r,the nominal composition(0-5 mol%Fe)was preserved as ascertained by ICP-MS analysis,and the absence of separate iron-containing crystalline phases was supported by X-ray diffraction.The effective aliovalent doping and modulation of the optical properties were investigated using UV-Vis,Raman,and photoluminescence spectroscopies.2.5 mol%iron was found to be an optimal content to achieve a significant decrease in the band gap,enhance the concentration of oxygen vacancy defects,and increase the charge carrier lifetime.The photocatalytic activity of Fe-doped CeO_(2)prepared at different Fe contents with RM preparation was studied and compared with undoped CeO_(2).The optimal iron load was identified to be2.5 mol%,achieving the highest hydrogen production(7566μmol L-1after 240 min under visible light).Moreover,for comparison,the conventional precipitation(P)method was adopted to prepare iron containing CeO_(2)at the optimal content(2.5 mol%Fe).The Fe-doped CeO_(2)catalyst prepared by RM showed a significantly higher hydrogen production than that obtained with the sample prepared by the P method.The optimal Fe-doped CeO_(2),prepared by the RM method,was stable for six reuse cycles.Moreover,the role of water in the mechanism of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution under visible light was studied through the test in the presence of D2O.The obtained results evidenced that hydrogen was produced from the reduction of H^(+)by the electrons promoted in the conduction band,while methanol was preferentially oxidized by the photogenerated positive holes.展开更多
This study proposes a novel and sustainable method for fabricating 3D-printed carbon-based electrodes for electrochemical wastewater treatment.We prepared B,N-doped carbon electrodes with hierarchical porosity and a s...This study proposes a novel and sustainable method for fabricating 3D-printed carbon-based electrodes for electrochemical wastewater treatment.We prepared B,N-doped carbon electrodes with hierarchical porosity and a significantly enhanced surface area-to-volume ratio(up to 180%)compared to non-optimized analogues using a synergistic combination of 3D printing,phase inversion,and microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition.This process allows the metal-free growth of vertically aligned carbon nanostructures directly onto polymer-derived substrates,resulting in a 20-fold increase in the electrochemically active surface area.Computational fluid dynamics simulations were used to improve mass transport and reduce pressure drop.Electrochemical characterization demonstrated that the optimized electrodes performed significantly better,achieving 4.7-,4-,and 6.5-fold increases in the degradation rates of atenolol,metoprolol,and propranolol,respectively,during electrochemical oxidation.These results highlight the efficacy of the integrated fabrication and simulation approach in producing high-performance electrodes for sustainable wastewater treatment applications.展开更多
Eco-toxicity investigation of polymer materials was considered extremely necessary for their potential menace,which was widely use as mulching materials in agricultural.In this study,polyethylene(PE),polystyrene(PS)an...Eco-toxicity investigation of polymer materials was considered extremely necessary for their potential menace,which was widely use as mulching materials in agricultural.In this study,polyethylene(PE),polystyrene(PS)and synthetic biomaterials-Ecoflex and cellulose were applying into soil cultivated with two potential indicator plants species:oat(A v ena sati v a)and red radish(Raphanus sativum).Variety of chemical,biochemical parameters and enzyme activity in soil were proved as effective approach to evaluate polymers phytotoxicity in plant-soil mesocosm.The F-value of biomass,pH,heavy metal and electoral conductivity of Raphanus behaved significant different from T0.Significant analysis results indicated biodegradation was fast in PE than PS,besides,heavy metals were dramatically decrease in the end implied the plant absorption may help decrease heavy metal toxicity.The increase value at T2 of Dehydrogenase activity(0.84 higher than average value for Avena&0.91 higher for Raphanus),Metabolic Index(3.12 higher than average value for Avena&3.81 higher for Raphanus)means during soil enzyme activity was promoted by biodegradation for its heterotrophic organisms’energy transportation was stimulated.Statistics analysis was carried on Biplot PC1(24.2%of the total variance),PC2(23.2%of the total variance),versus PC3(22.8%of the total variance),which indicated phosphatase activity and metabolic index was significant correlated,and high correlation of ammonium and protease activity.Furthermore,the effects were more evident in Raphanus treatments than in Avena,suggesting the higher sensitivity of Raphanus to polymers treatment,which indicate biodegradation of polymers in Raphanus treatment has produced intermediate phytotoxic compounds.展开更多
Novel fully biodegradable thermoplastic composite laminates reinforced with ultrathin wood laminae were prepared through a hot-pressing process by using two different thermoplastic starch(TPS)matrices.The microstructu...Novel fully biodegradable thermoplastic composite laminates reinforced with ultrathin wood laminae were prepared through a hot-pressing process by using two different thermoplastic starch(TPS)matrices.The microstructure and physical properties of the resulting unidirectional and bidirectional laminates were studied.The investigated materials presented a complex microstructure,in which the porosity of the wood laminae was almost entirely occluded by the polymer matrix.The mechanical behavior of the laminates was strongly affected by the obtained microstructure,and matrix penetration in wood pores led to biodegradable composites with elastic modulus and tensile strength higher than those of their constituents.Finally,thermal welding and thermoformability tests proved how these materials possess features typical of thermoplastic materials.展开更多
The following paper reports on a comparative study of the effects of two types of carbon nanotubes,namely multiwall(MWCNT)and single-wall(SWCNT)carbon nanotube,on the properties of 3D-printed parts produced with acryl...The following paper reports on a comparative study of the effects of two types of carbon nanotubes,namely multiwall(MWCNT)and single-wall(SWCNT)carbon nanotube,on the properties of 3D-printed parts produced with acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene(ABS)nanocomposites with various CNT loadings of5-10 wt.%.Quasi-static tensile properties and Vicat softening temperature of 3D-printed parts were enhanced with the increasing CNT content.The highest enhancement in tensile properties was observed for the ABS/CNT nanocomposites at 10 wt.%filler loading.3D-printed ABS/SWCNT composites showed higher tensile modulus,better creep stability and higher Vicat temperature.However,the strength of ABS/SWCNT 3D samples is relatively lower than that of ABS/MWCNT.In addition,3D-printed parts exhibited anisotropic electrical conductive behaviour,which has a conductivity of through-layer of about2-3 orders of magnitude higher than cross-layer.The highest conductivity of 3D-printed samples reached25.2 S/m,and 9.3 S/m for ABS/MWCNT and ABS/SWCNT composites at 10 wt.%,respectively.The results obtained,i.e.the successful fuse filament fabrication and the consequent electromechanical properties,confirm that these 3D printable nanocomposite could be properly utilized for the production,and application up to about 90°C,of thermoelectric devices and/or resistors for flexible circuits.展开更多
It is established that monitoring blood glucose on a daily basis is one of the most effective solutions to prevent and treat diabetes.Consequently,developing a glucose sensing platform with outstanding sensing perform...It is established that monitoring blood glucose on a daily basis is one of the most effective solutions to prevent and treat diabetes.Consequently,developing a glucose sensing platform with outstanding sensing performance occupies an indispensable position for the early diagnosis and risk assessment of diabetes.Recently,biosensor has been deemed as a promising apparatus to acquire the signals for glucose monitoring based on 2D materials.However,it is unsatisfied to deploy some materials widely as a result of some inherent defects.Carbon nanotubes have comparatively high toxicity.MoS_(2) with unfavourable biocompatibility are still arduously implemented on being functionalized.Fortunately,MXene,a brand-new and rapidly developing two-dimensional material,exhibits marvellous application potential in the domain of biosensing.Therefore,it has exerted tremendous attention from diverse scientific fields owning to its remarkable properties,such as excellent hydrophilicity,metal-like conductivity,abundant surface functional groups,unique layered structure,large specific surface area and remarkable biocompatibility.This review mainly focuses on the main synthetic route of MXenes,as well as the recent advancements of biosensors involving MXenes as an electrode modifier for glucose detection.In addition,the promising prospects and challenges of glucose sensing technology based on MXenes are also discussed.展开更多
Carbon capture and storage （CCS） have acquired an increasing importance in the debate on global wanning as a mean to decrease the environmental impact of energy conversion technologies, by capturing the CO2 produced...Carbon capture and storage （CCS） have acquired an increasing importance in the debate on global wanning as a mean to decrease the environmental impact of energy conversion technologies, by capturing the CO2 produced from the use of fossil fuels in electricity generation and industrial processes. In this respect, post-combustion systems have received great attention as a possible near-term CO2 capture technology that can be retrofitted to existing power plants. This capture technology is, however, energy-intensive and results in large equipment sizes because of the large volumes of the flue gas to be treated. To cope with the demerits of other CCS technologies, the chemical looping combustion （CLC） process has been recently considered as a solution for CO2 separation. It is typically referred to as a technology without energy penalty. Indeed, in CLC the fuel and the combustion air are never mixed and the gases from the oxidation of the fuel （i.e., CO2 and H2O） leave the system as a separate stream and can be separated by condensation of H2O without any loss of energy. The key issue for the CLC process is to find a suitable oxygen carrier, which provides the fuel with the activated oxygen needed for combustion. The aim of this work is to explore the feasibility of using perovskites as oxygen carriers in CLC and to consider the possible advantages with respect to the scrubbing process with amines, a mature post-combustion technology for CO2 separation.展开更多
An approach to supervised classification and regression of superconductive materials is proposed which builds on the DeepSet technology.This enables us to provide the chemical constituents of the examined compounds as...An approach to supervised classification and regression of superconductive materials is proposed which builds on the DeepSet technology.This enables us to provide the chemical constituents of the examined compounds as an input to the algorithm,while avoiding artefacts that could originate from the chosen ordering in the list.The performance of the method are successfully challenged for both classification(tag a given material as superconducting)and regression(quantifying the associated critical temperature).We then searched through the International Mineralogical Association list with the trained neural network.Among the obtained superconducting candidates,three materials were selected to undergo a thorough experimental characterization.Superconductivity has been indeed confirmed for the synthetic analogue of michenerite,PdBiTe,and observed for the first time in monchetundraite,Pd2NiTe2,at critical temperatures in good agreement with the theory predictions.This latter is the first certified superconducting material to be identified by artificial intelligence methodologies.展开更多
Nanocomposites built from polymers and carbon nanotubes(CNTs)are a promising class of materials.Computer modeling can provide nanoscale views of the polymer–CNT interface,which are much needed to foster the manufactu...Nanocomposites built from polymers and carbon nanotubes(CNTs)are a promising class of materials.Computer modeling can provide nanoscale views of the polymer–CNT interface,which are much needed to foster the manufacturing and development of such materials.However,setting up periodic nanocomposite models is a challenging task.Here we propose a computational workflow based on Molecular Dynamics simulations.展开更多
基金funding from the"Ministero dell'Universitàe della Ricerca(MUR)"(Italy)under the"Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2022"program.
文摘This work aimed to study the efficiency of the reverse micelle(RM)preparation route in the syntheses of sub-5 nm Fe-doped CeO_(2)nanocrystals for boosting the visible-light-driven photocatalytic hydrogen production from methanol aqueous solutions.The effectiveness of confining precipitation reactions within micellar cages was evaluated through extensive physicochemical cha racterization.In particula r,the nominal composition(0-5 mol%Fe)was preserved as ascertained by ICP-MS analysis,and the absence of separate iron-containing crystalline phases was supported by X-ray diffraction.The effective aliovalent doping and modulation of the optical properties were investigated using UV-Vis,Raman,and photoluminescence spectroscopies.2.5 mol%iron was found to be an optimal content to achieve a significant decrease in the band gap,enhance the concentration of oxygen vacancy defects,and increase the charge carrier lifetime.The photocatalytic activity of Fe-doped CeO_(2)prepared at different Fe contents with RM preparation was studied and compared with undoped CeO_(2).The optimal iron load was identified to be2.5 mol%,achieving the highest hydrogen production(7566μmol L-1after 240 min under visible light).Moreover,for comparison,the conventional precipitation(P)method was adopted to prepare iron containing CeO_(2)at the optimal content(2.5 mol%Fe).The Fe-doped CeO_(2)catalyst prepared by RM showed a significantly higher hydrogen production than that obtained with the sample prepared by the P method.The optimal Fe-doped CeO_(2),prepared by the RM method,was stable for six reuse cycles.Moreover,the role of water in the mechanism of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution under visible light was studied through the test in the presence of D2O.The obtained results evidenced that hydrogen was produced from the reduction of H^(+)by the electrons promoted in the conduction band,while methanol was preferentially oxidized by the photogenerated positive holes.
基金the National Science Centre,Poland,under the Agreement 2022/45/B/ST8/02847 is acknowledged(M.P.).
文摘This study proposes a novel and sustainable method for fabricating 3D-printed carbon-based electrodes for electrochemical wastewater treatment.We prepared B,N-doped carbon electrodes with hierarchical porosity and a significantly enhanced surface area-to-volume ratio(up to 180%)compared to non-optimized analogues using a synergistic combination of 3D printing,phase inversion,and microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition.This process allows the metal-free growth of vertically aligned carbon nanostructures directly onto polymer-derived substrates,resulting in a 20-fold increase in the electrochemically active surface area.Computational fluid dynamics simulations were used to improve mass transport and reduce pressure drop.Electrochemical characterization demonstrated that the optimized electrodes performed significantly better,achieving 4.7-,4-,and 6.5-fold increases in the degradation rates of atenolol,metoprolol,and propranolol,respectively,during electrochemical oxidation.These results highlight the efficacy of the integrated fabrication and simulation approach in producing high-performance electrodes for sustainable wastewater treatment applications.
基金supported by the National Natu-ral Science Foundation of China(Nos.4197071831,41630645,41573126 and 41703115)the National Special Environ-mental Protection Foundation for Technology Exploit of China(No.2014EG166135).
文摘Eco-toxicity investigation of polymer materials was considered extremely necessary for their potential menace,which was widely use as mulching materials in agricultural.In this study,polyethylene(PE),polystyrene(PS)and synthetic biomaterials-Ecoflex and cellulose were applying into soil cultivated with two potential indicator plants species:oat(A v ena sati v a)and red radish(Raphanus sativum).Variety of chemical,biochemical parameters and enzyme activity in soil were proved as effective approach to evaluate polymers phytotoxicity in plant-soil mesocosm.The F-value of biomass,pH,heavy metal and electoral conductivity of Raphanus behaved significant different from T0.Significant analysis results indicated biodegradation was fast in PE than PS,besides,heavy metals were dramatically decrease in the end implied the plant absorption may help decrease heavy metal toxicity.The increase value at T2 of Dehydrogenase activity(0.84 higher than average value for Avena&0.91 higher for Raphanus),Metabolic Index(3.12 higher than average value for Avena&3.81 higher for Raphanus)means during soil enzyme activity was promoted by biodegradation for its heterotrophic organisms’energy transportation was stimulated.Statistics analysis was carried on Biplot PC1(24.2%of the total variance),PC2(23.2%of the total variance),versus PC3(22.8%of the total variance),which indicated phosphatase activity and metabolic index was significant correlated,and high correlation of ammonium and protease activity.Furthermore,the effects were more evident in Raphanus treatments than in Avena,suggesting the higher sensitivity of Raphanus to polymers treatment,which indicate biodegradation of polymers in Raphanus treatment has produced intermediate phytotoxic compounds.
文摘Novel fully biodegradable thermoplastic composite laminates reinforced with ultrathin wood laminae were prepared through a hot-pressing process by using two different thermoplastic starch(TPS)matrices.The microstructure and physical properties of the resulting unidirectional and bidirectional laminates were studied.The investigated materials presented a complex microstructure,in which the porosity of the wood laminae was almost entirely occluded by the polymer matrix.The mechanical behavior of the laminates was strongly affected by the obtained microstructure,and matrix penetration in wood pores led to biodegradable composites with elastic modulus and tensile strength higher than those of their constituents.Finally,thermal welding and thermoformability tests proved how these materials possess features typical of thermoplastic materials.
基金Claudia Gavazza for her support with scanning electron microscopy(SEM)analysis。
文摘The following paper reports on a comparative study of the effects of two types of carbon nanotubes,namely multiwall(MWCNT)and single-wall(SWCNT)carbon nanotube,on the properties of 3D-printed parts produced with acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene(ABS)nanocomposites with various CNT loadings of5-10 wt.%.Quasi-static tensile properties and Vicat softening temperature of 3D-printed parts were enhanced with the increasing CNT content.The highest enhancement in tensile properties was observed for the ABS/CNT nanocomposites at 10 wt.%filler loading.3D-printed ABS/SWCNT composites showed higher tensile modulus,better creep stability and higher Vicat temperature.However,the strength of ABS/SWCNT 3D samples is relatively lower than that of ABS/MWCNT.In addition,3D-printed parts exhibited anisotropic electrical conductive behaviour,which has a conductivity of through-layer of about2-3 orders of magnitude higher than cross-layer.The highest conductivity of 3D-printed samples reached25.2 S/m,and 9.3 S/m for ABS/MWCNT and ABS/SWCNT composites at 10 wt.%,respectively.The results obtained,i.e.the successful fuse filament fabrication and the consequent electromechanical properties,confirm that these 3D printable nanocomposite could be properly utilized for the production,and application up to about 90°C,of thermoelectric devices and/or resistors for flexible circuits.
基金the funding support from Harbin Institute of Technology,China(No.FRFCU5710053121).
文摘It is established that monitoring blood glucose on a daily basis is one of the most effective solutions to prevent and treat diabetes.Consequently,developing a glucose sensing platform with outstanding sensing performance occupies an indispensable position for the early diagnosis and risk assessment of diabetes.Recently,biosensor has been deemed as a promising apparatus to acquire the signals for glucose monitoring based on 2D materials.However,it is unsatisfied to deploy some materials widely as a result of some inherent defects.Carbon nanotubes have comparatively high toxicity.MoS_(2) with unfavourable biocompatibility are still arduously implemented on being functionalized.Fortunately,MXene,a brand-new and rapidly developing two-dimensional material,exhibits marvellous application potential in the domain of biosensing.Therefore,it has exerted tremendous attention from diverse scientific fields owning to its remarkable properties,such as excellent hydrophilicity,metal-like conductivity,abundant surface functional groups,unique layered structure,large specific surface area and remarkable biocompatibility.This review mainly focuses on the main synthetic route of MXenes,as well as the recent advancements of biosensors involving MXenes as an electrode modifier for glucose detection.In addition,the promising prospects and challenges of glucose sensing technology based on MXenes are also discussed.
文摘Carbon capture and storage （CCS） have acquired an increasing importance in the debate on global wanning as a mean to decrease the environmental impact of energy conversion technologies, by capturing the CO2 produced from the use of fossil fuels in electricity generation and industrial processes. In this respect, post-combustion systems have received great attention as a possible near-term CO2 capture technology that can be retrofitted to existing power plants. This capture technology is, however, energy-intensive and results in large equipment sizes because of the large volumes of the flue gas to be treated. To cope with the demerits of other CCS technologies, the chemical looping combustion （CLC） process has been recently considered as a solution for CO2 separation. It is typically referred to as a technology without energy penalty. Indeed, in CLC the fuel and the combustion air are never mixed and the gases from the oxidation of the fuel （i.e., CO2 and H2O） leave the system as a separate stream and can be separated by condensation of H2O without any loss of energy. The key issue for the CLC process is to find a suitable oxygen carrier, which provides the fuel with the activated oxygen needed for combustion. The aim of this work is to explore the feasibility of using perovskites as oxygen carriers in CLC and to consider the possible advantages with respect to the scrubbing process with amines, a mature post-combustion technology for CO2 separation.
基金This research was supported by the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic(project No.22-26485S)the MIUR-PRIN2017 via project“TEOREM deciphering geological processes using Terrestrial and Extraterrestrial ORE Minerals”,prot.2017AK8C32the Italian Ministero dell’Istruzione,dell’Universitàe della Ricerca through the“Progetto Dipartimenti di Eccellenza 2018-2022”.
文摘An approach to supervised classification and regression of superconductive materials is proposed which builds on the DeepSet technology.This enables us to provide the chemical constituents of the examined compounds as an input to the algorithm,while avoiding artefacts that could originate from the chosen ordering in the list.The performance of the method are successfully challenged for both classification(tag a given material as superconducting)and regression(quantifying the associated critical temperature).We then searched through the International Mineralogical Association list with the trained neural network.Among the obtained superconducting candidates,three materials were selected to undergo a thorough experimental characterization.Superconductivity has been indeed confirmed for the synthetic analogue of michenerite,PdBiTe,and observed for the first time in monchetundraite,Pd2NiTe2,at critical temperatures in good agreement with the theory predictions.This latter is the first certified superconducting material to be identified by artificial intelligence methodologies.
基金We also thank the PRACE committee for granting us supercomputer time at High Performance Computing Center Stuttgart in Hermit/Hornet supercomputers(project PP14102332)E.R.C.C.acknowledges additional support from the Fundacion Cristina e Ismael Cobian through Beca de RetornoN.M.P.is supported by the European Commision under the Graphene Fragship Core 3 grant No.881603(WP12,"Composites").
文摘Nanocomposites built from polymers and carbon nanotubes(CNTs)are a promising class of materials.Computer modeling can provide nanoscale views of the polymer–CNT interface,which are much needed to foster the manufacturing and development of such materials.However,setting up periodic nanocomposite models is a challenging task.Here we propose a computational workflow based on Molecular Dynamics simulations.
