This article summarizes the activities and the results of the Globus software evaluation,which was carried out in the framework of the INFN-GRID project.
粒子平均横动量<pΤ>是相对论核核(A+A)碰撞中重要的实验观测量,反映了软过程强子和热核物质的性质,对其进行研究有助于获取碰撞系统的演化信息。利用位于美国长岛的相对论重离子对撞机(Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider,RHIC)上S...粒子平均横动量<pΤ>是相对论核核(A+A)碰撞中重要的实验观测量,反映了软过程强子和热核物质的性质,对其进行研究有助于获取碰撞系统的演化信息。利用位于美国长岛的相对论重离子对撞机(Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider,RHIC)上STAR实验组(Solenoidal Tracker at RHIC)和位于欧洲日内瓦的大型强子对撞机(Large Hadron Collider,LHC)上ALICE实验组(A Large Ion Collider Experiment)提供的相对论核核碰撞中心快度区末态粒子的实验数据,包括金-金(Au+Au)、铜-铜(Cu+Cu)、铀-铀(U+U)和铅-铅(Pb+Pb)碰撞,应用唯象公式对末态粒子平均横动量<pΤ>随碰撞中心度、粒子质量及碰撞能量的依赖关系进行拟合,均能较好地描述现有实验数据。系统研究证实,末态鉴别粒子平均横动量<pΤ>与碰撞中心度之间的线性关系具有普适性,碰撞中心度是研究粒子平均横动量<pΤ>的优选物理量。同时粒子平均横动量<pΤ>随碰撞中心度的唯象函数公式的拟合参数随碰撞能量满足幂律关系也具有普适性。在同一碰撞能量与系统中,鉴别粒子平均横动量<pΤ>随粒子质量定性上满足线性关系,有少量粒子的数据偏离该线性关系,可能与粒子产生机制的细节有关。同时,在同一碰撞中心度下,鉴别粒子平均横动量<pΤ>对碰撞能量对数的依赖遵循幂律关系且有普适性。展开更多
Developing advanced secondary batteries with low cost and high safety has attracted increasing research interests across the world.In particular,the aqueous zinc-ion battery(AZIB)has been regarded as a promising candi...Developing advanced secondary batteries with low cost and high safety has attracted increasing research interests across the world.In particular,the aqueous zinc-ion battery(AZIB)has been regarded as a promising candidate owing to the high abundance and capacity of Zn metal.Currently,manganese-based and vanadium-based oxides are most common choices for cathode materials used in AZIBs,but they unfortunately show a moderate cell voltage and limited rate performance induced by slow intercalation-extraction kinetics of Zn^(2+)ions.To address these issues,alternative cathode systems with tunable redox potentials and intrinsic fast kinetics have been exploited.In the past few years,conversion-type cathodes of I_(2)and S have become the most illustrative examples to match or even surpass the performance of conventional metal oxide cathodes in AZIBs.Herein,we sum up most recent progress in conversion-type cathodes and focus on novel ideas and concepts in designing/modifying cathodes for AZIBs with high voltage/capacity.Additionally,potential directions and future efforts are tentatively proposed for further development of conversion-type cathodes,aiming to speed up the practical application of AZIBs.展开更多
This study explores how the performance of triboelectric nanogenerators can be enhanced by incorporating Fe_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles into nylon films using a spray coating technique.Five triboelectric nanogenerator prot...This study explores how the performance of triboelectric nanogenerators can be enhanced by incorporating Fe_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles into nylon films using a spray coating technique.Five triboelectric nanogenerator prototypes were created:one with regular nylon and four with nylon/Fe_(3)O_(4) nanocomposites featuring varying nanoparticle densities.The electrical output,measured by open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current,showed significant improvements in the nanocomposite-based triboelectric nanogenerators compared to the nylon-only triboelectric nanogenerator.When a weak magnetic field was applied during nanocomposite preparation,the maximum voltage and current reached 56.3 V and 4.62μA,respectively.Further analysis revealed that the magnetic field during the drying process aligned the magnetic domains,boosting output efficiency.These findings demonstrate the potential of Fe_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles to enhance electrostatic and magnetic interactions in triboelectric nanogenerators,leading to improved energy-harvesting performance.This approach presents a promising strategy for developing high-performance triboelectric nanogenerators for sustainable energy and sensor applications.展开更多
Decays of charmonium into hyperon and antihyperon pairs provide a pristine laboratory for exploring hyperon properties,such as their polarization and decay parameters,and for conducting tests of fundamental symmetries...Decays of charmonium into hyperon and antihyperon pairs provide a pristine laboratory for exploring hyperon properties,such as their polarization and decay parameters,and for conducting tests of fundamental symmetries.This brief review highlights the significant progress made in precise tests of CP symmetry at BESIII using entangled hyperon-antihyperon pairs。展开更多
The^(6)Li+^(89)Y experiment was performed to explore the reaction mechanism induced by a weakly bound nucleus^(6)Li and its cluster configuration.The particle-γcoincidence method was used to identify the different re...The^(6)Li+^(89)Y experiment was performed to explore the reaction mechanism induced by a weakly bound nucleus^(6)Li and its cluster configuration.The particle-γcoincidence method was used to identify the different reaction channels.Theγ-rays coincident with^(3)He/^(3)H indicate that the^(3)H/^(3)He stripping reaction plays a significant role in the formation of Zr/Nb isotopes.The obtained results support the existence of a^(3)He-^(3)H cluster in^(6)Li.Direct and sequential transfer reactions are adequately discussed,and the FRESCO code is used to perform precise finite-range cyclic redundancy check calculations.In the microscopic calculation,direct cluster transfer is more predominant than sequential transfer in^(3)H transfer.However,the direct cluster transfer is of comparable magnitude to the sequential transfer in the^(3)He transfer.展开更多
Driving of the nuclear fusion reaction p+^(11)B3α+8.7 MeV under laboratory conditions by interaction between high-power laser pulses and matter has become a popular field of research,owing to its numerous potential a...Driving of the nuclear fusion reaction p+^(11)B3α+8.7 MeV under laboratory conditions by interaction between high-power laser pulses and matter has become a popular field of research,owing to its numerous potential applications:as an alternative to deuterium-tritium for fusion energy production,astrophysics studies,and alpha-particle generation for medical treatment.One possible scheme for laser-driven p-^(11)B reactions is to direct a beam of laser-accelerated protons onto a boron(B)sample(the so-called“pitcher-catcher”scheme).This technique has been successfully implemented on large high-energy lasers,yielding hundreds of joules per shot at low repetition.We present here a complementary approach,exploiting the high repetition rate of the VEGA III petawatt laser at CLPU(Spain),aiming at accumulating results from many interactions at much lower energy,to provide better control of the parameters and the statistics of the measurements.Despite a moderate energy per pulse,our experiment allowed exploration of the laser-driven fusion process with tens(up to hundreds)of laser shots.The experiment provided a clear signature of the reactions involved and of the fusion products,accumulated over many shots,leading to an improved optimization of the diagnostics for experimental campaigns of this type.In this paper,we discuss the effectiveness of laser-driven p-11B fusion in the pitcher-catcher scheme,at a high repetition rate,addressing the challenges of this experimental scheme and highlighting its critical aspects.Our proposed methodology allows evaluation of the performance of this scheme for laser-driven alpha particle production and can be adapted to high-repetition-rate laser facilities with higher energy and intensity.展开更多
In recent years, machine learning(ML) techniques have emerged as powerful tools for studying many-body complex systems, and encompassing phase transitions in various domains of physics. This mini review provides a con...In recent years, machine learning(ML) techniques have emerged as powerful tools for studying many-body complex systems, and encompassing phase transitions in various domains of physics. This mini review provides a concise yet comprehensive examination of the advancements achieved in applying ML to investigate phase transitions, with a primary focus on those involved in nuclear matter studies.展开更多
The success of LISA Pathfinder in demonstrating the LISA drag-free requirement paved the way for using space interferometers to detect low-frequency and middle-frequency gravitational waves(GWs). The TAIJI GW mission ...The success of LISA Pathfinder in demonstrating the LISA drag-free requirement paved the way for using space interferometers to detect low-frequency and middle-frequency gravitational waves(GWs). The TAIJI GW mission and the new LISA GW mission propose using an arm length of 3 Gm(1 Gm = 10~6 km) and an arm length of 2.5 Gm respectively. For a space laser-interferometric GW antenna,due to astrodynamical orbit variation, time delay interferometry(TDI) is needed to achieve nearly equivalent equal-arms for suppressing the laser frequency noise below the level of optical path noise, acceleration noise, etc in order to attain the requisite sensitivity. In this paper, we simulate TDI numerically for the TAIJI mission and the new LISA mission. To do this, we work out a set of 2200-day(6-year) optimized science orbits for each mission starting on 2028 March 22 using the CGC 2.7.1 ephemeris framework. Then we use the numerical method to calculate the residual optical path differences of the first-generation TDI configurations and the selected second-generation TDI configurations. The resulting optical path differences of the second-generation TDI configurations calculated for TAIJI, new LISA and eLISA are well below their respective requirements for laser frequency noise cancelation. However, for the first-generation TDI configurations, the original requirements need to be relaxed by 3 to 30 fold to be satisfied. For TAIJI and the new LISA, about one order of magnitude relaxation would be good and recommended; this could be borne on the laser stability requirement in view of recent progress in laser stability, or the GW detection sensitivities of the second-generation TDIs have to be used in the diagnosis of the observed data instead of the commonly used X, Y and Z TDIs.展开更多
The experimental data concerning the58Ni+48Ca reaction at Elab(Ni)=25A MeV,collected by using the CHIMERA 4π device,have been analyzed in order to investigate the competition among different reaction mechanisms for c...The experimental data concerning the58Ni+48Ca reaction at Elab(Ni)=25A MeV,collected by using the CHIMERA 4π device,have been analyzed in order to investigate the competition among different reaction mechanisms for central collisions in the Fermi energy domain.As a main criterion for centrality selection we have chosen the flow angle(flow) method,making an event-by-event analysis that considers the shape of events,as it is determined by the eigenvectors of the experimental kinetic-energy tensor.For the selected central events(flow >60°) some global variables,good to characterize the pattern of central collisions have been constructed.The main features of the reaction products were explored by using different constraints on some of the relevant observables,like mass and velocity distributions and their correlations.Much emphasis was devoted,for central collisions,to the competition between fusion-evaporation processes with subsequent identification of a heavy residue and a possible multifragmentation mechanism of a well defined(if any) transient nuclear system.Dynamical evolution of the system and pre-equilibrium emission were taken into account by simulating the reactions in the framework of transport theories.Different approaches have been envisaged(dynamical stochastic BNV calculations + sequential SIMON code,QMD,CoMD,etc.).Preliminary comparison of the experimental data with BNV calculations shows reasonable agreement with the assumption of sequential multifragmentation emission in the mass region of IMFs close to the heavy residues.Possible deviations from sequential processes were found for those IMFs in the region of masses intermediate between the mass of heavy residues and the mass of light IMFs.Further simulations are in progress.The experimental analysis will be enriched also by information obtained inspecting the IMF-IMF correlation function,in order to elucidated the nature of space-time decay property of the emitting source associated with events having the largest IMF multiplicity.展开更多
文摘This article summarizes the activities and the results of the Globus software evaluation,which was carried out in the framework of the INFN-GRID project.
文摘粒子平均横动量<pΤ>是相对论核核(A+A)碰撞中重要的实验观测量,反映了软过程强子和热核物质的性质,对其进行研究有助于获取碰撞系统的演化信息。利用位于美国长岛的相对论重离子对撞机(Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider,RHIC)上STAR实验组(Solenoidal Tracker at RHIC)和位于欧洲日内瓦的大型强子对撞机(Large Hadron Collider,LHC)上ALICE实验组(A Large Ion Collider Experiment)提供的相对论核核碰撞中心快度区末态粒子的实验数据,包括金-金(Au+Au)、铜-铜(Cu+Cu)、铀-铀(U+U)和铅-铅(Pb+Pb)碰撞,应用唯象公式对末态粒子平均横动量<pΤ>随碰撞中心度、粒子质量及碰撞能量的依赖关系进行拟合,均能较好地描述现有实验数据。系统研究证实,末态鉴别粒子平均横动量<pΤ>与碰撞中心度之间的线性关系具有普适性,碰撞中心度是研究粒子平均横动量<pΤ>的优选物理量。同时粒子平均横动量<pΤ>随碰撞中心度的唯象函数公式的拟合参数随碰撞能量满足幂律关系也具有普适性。在同一碰撞能量与系统中,鉴别粒子平均横动量<pΤ>随粒子质量定性上满足线性关系,有少量粒子的数据偏离该线性关系,可能与粒子产生机制的细节有关。同时,在同一碰撞中心度下,鉴别粒子平均横动量<pΤ>对碰撞能量对数的依赖遵循幂律关系且有普适性。
基金the financial support from NSFC(21975027)NSFCMAECI(51861135202).
文摘Developing advanced secondary batteries with low cost and high safety has attracted increasing research interests across the world.In particular,the aqueous zinc-ion battery(AZIB)has been regarded as a promising candidate owing to the high abundance and capacity of Zn metal.Currently,manganese-based and vanadium-based oxides are most common choices for cathode materials used in AZIBs,but they unfortunately show a moderate cell voltage and limited rate performance induced by slow intercalation-extraction kinetics of Zn^(2+)ions.To address these issues,alternative cathode systems with tunable redox potentials and intrinsic fast kinetics have been exploited.In the past few years,conversion-type cathodes of I_(2)and S have become the most illustrative examples to match or even surpass the performance of conventional metal oxide cathodes in AZIBs.Herein,we sum up most recent progress in conversion-type cathodes and focus on novel ideas and concepts in designing/modifying cathodes for AZIBs with high voltage/capacity.Additionally,potential directions and future efforts are tentatively proposed for further development of conversion-type cathodes,aiming to speed up the practical application of AZIBs.
文摘This study explores how the performance of triboelectric nanogenerators can be enhanced by incorporating Fe_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles into nylon films using a spray coating technique.Five triboelectric nanogenerator prototypes were created:one with regular nylon and four with nylon/Fe_(3)O_(4) nanocomposites featuring varying nanoparticle densities.The electrical output,measured by open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current,showed significant improvements in the nanocomposite-based triboelectric nanogenerators compared to the nylon-only triboelectric nanogenerator.When a weak magnetic field was applied during nanocomposite preparation,the maximum voltage and current reached 56.3 V and 4.62μA,respectively.Further analysis revealed that the magnetic field during the drying process aligned the magnetic domains,boosting output efficiency.These findings demonstrate the potential of Fe_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles to enhance electrostatic and magnetic interactions in triboelectric nanogenerators,leading to improved energy-harvesting performance.This approach presents a promising strategy for developing high-performance triboelectric nanogenerators for sustainable energy and sensor applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12225509),the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12247101)the Polish National Science Centre(Grant No.2024/53/B/ST2/00975)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.lzujbky-2024-jdzx06)the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province(Grant No.22JR5RA389)the‘111 Center’under Grant No.B20063。
文摘Decays of charmonium into hyperon and antihyperon pairs provide a pristine laboratory for exploring hyperon properties,such as their polarization and decay parameters,and for conducting tests of fundamental symmetries.This brief review highlights the significant progress made in precise tests of CP symmetry at BESIII using entangled hyperon-antihyperon pairs。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.U2167204,11975040,111 Center(B20065)Brazilian authors were supported in part by local funding agencies CNPq+10 种基金FAPERJCAPESand INCT-FNA(Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia,Física Nuclear e Aplicacoes)Research Project No.464898/2014-5Marco Siciliano's work was partially supported by the US Department of EnergyOffice of Scienceand Office of Nuclear Physics(DE-AC02-06CH11357)supported by Nuclear Energy Development and Research Project No.HNKF202224(28)Ling Chuang Research Project of the China National Nuclear Corporation No.CNNCLCKY-2023 and No.20221024000072F6-0002-7Guangdong Key Research and Development Program No.2020B040420005Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation No.2021B1515120027。
文摘The^(6)Li+^(89)Y experiment was performed to explore the reaction mechanism induced by a weakly bound nucleus^(6)Li and its cluster configuration.The particle-γcoincidence method was used to identify the different reaction channels.Theγ-rays coincident with^(3)He/^(3)H indicate that the^(3)H/^(3)He stripping reaction plays a significant role in the formation of Zr/Nb isotopes.The obtained results support the existence of a^(3)He-^(3)H cluster in^(6)Li.Direct and sequential transfer reactions are adequately discussed,and the FRESCO code is used to perform precise finite-range cyclic redundancy check calculations.In the microscopic calculation,direct cluster transfer is more predominant than sequential transfer in^(3)H transfer.However,the direct cluster transfer is of comparable magnitude to the sequential transfer in the^(3)He transfer.
基金funded by the European Union via the Euratom Research and Training Program(Grant Agreement No.101052200-EUROfusion)funding from LASERLAB-EUROPE(Grant Agreement No.871124,European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program)+5 种基金supported in part by the United States Department of Energy under Grant No.DE-FG02-93ER40773We also acknowledge support from Grant No.PID2021-125389OA-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER,UEby“ERDF A Way of Making Europe”by the European Union and Unidad de Investigación Consolidada of Junta de Castilla y León UIC 167supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.12375125the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe support of the Czech Science Foundation through Grant No.GACR24-11398S.
文摘Driving of the nuclear fusion reaction p+^(11)B3α+8.7 MeV under laboratory conditions by interaction between high-power laser pulses and matter has become a popular field of research,owing to its numerous potential applications:as an alternative to deuterium-tritium for fusion energy production,astrophysics studies,and alpha-particle generation for medical treatment.One possible scheme for laser-driven p-^(11)B reactions is to direct a beam of laser-accelerated protons onto a boron(B)sample(the so-called“pitcher-catcher”scheme).This technique has been successfully implemented on large high-energy lasers,yielding hundreds of joules per shot at low repetition.We present here a complementary approach,exploiting the high repetition rate of the VEGA III petawatt laser at CLPU(Spain),aiming at accumulating results from many interactions at much lower energy,to provide better control of the parameters and the statistics of the measurements.Despite a moderate energy per pulse,our experiment allowed exploration of the laser-driven fusion process with tens(up to hundreds)of laser shots.The experiment provided a clear signature of the reactions involved and of the fusion products,accumulated over many shots,leading to an improved optimization of the diagnostics for experimental campaigns of this type.In this paper,we discuss the effectiveness of laser-driven p-11B fusion in the pitcher-catcher scheme,at a high repetition rate,addressing the challenges of this experimental scheme and highlighting its critical aspects.Our proposed methodology allows evaluation of the performance of this scheme for laser-driven alpha particle production and can be adapted to high-repetition-rate laser facilities with higher energy and intensity.
基金partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos. 11890710, 11890714, and 12147101)the BMBF funded KISS consortium (Grant No. 05D23RI1) in the ErUM-Data action plan。
文摘In recent years, machine learning(ML) techniques have emerged as powerful tools for studying many-body complex systems, and encompassing phase transitions in various domains of physics. This mini review provides a concise yet comprehensive examination of the advancements achieved in applying ML to investigate phase transitions, with a primary focus on those involved in nuclear matter studies.
基金funding in support of his work leading to these results from the People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007-2013/ (PEOPLE-2013-ITN) under REA grant agreement n [606176]
文摘The success of LISA Pathfinder in demonstrating the LISA drag-free requirement paved the way for using space interferometers to detect low-frequency and middle-frequency gravitational waves(GWs). The TAIJI GW mission and the new LISA GW mission propose using an arm length of 3 Gm(1 Gm = 10~6 km) and an arm length of 2.5 Gm respectively. For a space laser-interferometric GW antenna,due to astrodynamical orbit variation, time delay interferometry(TDI) is needed to achieve nearly equivalent equal-arms for suppressing the laser frequency noise below the level of optical path noise, acceleration noise, etc in order to attain the requisite sensitivity. In this paper, we simulate TDI numerically for the TAIJI mission and the new LISA mission. To do this, we work out a set of 2200-day(6-year) optimized science orbits for each mission starting on 2028 March 22 using the CGC 2.7.1 ephemeris framework. Then we use the numerical method to calculate the residual optical path differences of the first-generation TDI configurations and the selected second-generation TDI configurations. The resulting optical path differences of the second-generation TDI configurations calculated for TAIJI, new LISA and eLISA are well below their respective requirements for laser frequency noise cancelation. However, for the first-generation TDI configurations, the original requirements need to be relaxed by 3 to 30 fold to be satisfied. For TAIJI and the new LISA, about one order of magnitude relaxation would be good and recommended; this could be borne on the laser stability requirement in view of recent progress in laser stability, or the GW detection sensitivities of the second-generation TDIs have to be used in the diagnosis of the observed data instead of the commonly used X, Y and Z TDIs.
文摘The experimental data concerning the58Ni+48Ca reaction at Elab(Ni)=25A MeV,collected by using the CHIMERA 4π device,have been analyzed in order to investigate the competition among different reaction mechanisms for central collisions in the Fermi energy domain.As a main criterion for centrality selection we have chosen the flow angle(flow) method,making an event-by-event analysis that considers the shape of events,as it is determined by the eigenvectors of the experimental kinetic-energy tensor.For the selected central events(flow >60°) some global variables,good to characterize the pattern of central collisions have been constructed.The main features of the reaction products were explored by using different constraints on some of the relevant observables,like mass and velocity distributions and their correlations.Much emphasis was devoted,for central collisions,to the competition between fusion-evaporation processes with subsequent identification of a heavy residue and a possible multifragmentation mechanism of a well defined(if any) transient nuclear system.Dynamical evolution of the system and pre-equilibrium emission were taken into account by simulating the reactions in the framework of transport theories.Different approaches have been envisaged(dynamical stochastic BNV calculations + sequential SIMON code,QMD,CoMD,etc.).Preliminary comparison of the experimental data with BNV calculations shows reasonable agreement with the assumption of sequential multifragmentation emission in the mass region of IMFs close to the heavy residues.Possible deviations from sequential processes were found for those IMFs in the region of masses intermediate between the mass of heavy residues and the mass of light IMFs.Further simulations are in progress.The experimental analysis will be enriched also by information obtained inspecting the IMF-IMF correlation function,in order to elucidated the nature of space-time decay property of the emitting source associated with events having the largest IMF multiplicity.
