Acute hypoxemic respiratory failure(AHRF)is the leading cause of intensive care unit(ICU)admissions.Of patients with AHRF,40%–50%will require invasive mechanical ventilation during their stay in the ICU,and 30%–80%w...Acute hypoxemic respiratory failure(AHRF)is the leading cause of intensive care unit(ICU)admissions.Of patients with AHRF,40%–50%will require invasive mechanical ventilation during their stay in the ICU,and 30%–80%will meet the Berlin Criteria for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome(ARDS).Rapid identification of the underlying cause of AHRF is necessary before initiating targeted treatment.Almost 10%of patients with ARDS have no identified classic risk factors however,and the precise cause of AHRF may not be identified in up to 15%of patients,particularly in cases of immunosuppression.In these patients,a multidisciplinary,comprehensive,and hierarchical diagnostic work-up is mandatory,including a detailed history and physical examination,chest computed tomography,extensive microbiological investigations,bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytological analysis,immunological tests,and investigation of the possible involvement of pneumotoxic drugs.展开更多
文摘Acute hypoxemic respiratory failure(AHRF)is the leading cause of intensive care unit(ICU)admissions.Of patients with AHRF,40%–50%will require invasive mechanical ventilation during their stay in the ICU,and 30%–80%will meet the Berlin Criteria for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome(ARDS).Rapid identification of the underlying cause of AHRF is necessary before initiating targeted treatment.Almost 10%of patients with ARDS have no identified classic risk factors however,and the precise cause of AHRF may not be identified in up to 15%of patients,particularly in cases of immunosuppression.In these patients,a multidisciplinary,comprehensive,and hierarchical diagnostic work-up is mandatory,including a detailed history and physical examination,chest computed tomography,extensive microbiological investigations,bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytological analysis,immunological tests,and investigation of the possible involvement of pneumotoxic drugs.
