In the present study, dot-blot hybridization, serial dilution analysis and densitomctric scanning were used to detect amplification of proto- oncogenes including c-erbB2, c-myc, int-2 and c-Ha-ras in 104 paraffin-embe...In the present study, dot-blot hybridization, serial dilution analysis and densitomctric scanning were used to detect amplification of proto- oncogenes including c-erbB2, c-myc, int-2 and c-Ha-ras in 104 paraffin-embedded breast cancers. Expression of c-erbB2 was also examined by immunohistochemistry. Amplification of c-erbB2. c-myc and int-2 genes was found in 34.7%, 17.8% and 11.9% of breast cancers respectively. However amplification of c-Ha-ras was not detected in all cases. In 11.9% of cases co-amplification of two or more oncogenes was observed. Positive immunostain-ing of c-erbB2 was seen in 23.8% of the cases and it was significantly associated, but not always corresponding to the amplification of the gene. There was no difference between primary and metastatic breast cancer in the alterations of proto-oncogenes examined in this study, which suggested that the amplification and overexpression of these proto-oncogenes occured prior to and maintained in the process of metastasis of breast cancer. Statistical analysis showed that high-scale of immunopositive staining of c-erbB2 and high-fold co-amplification of proto-oncogenes were significantly correlated with large size of the tumour and the number of involved lymph nodes. Our results indicate that the alterations of multiple oncogenes are involved in the development of breats cancer and some of them may have prognostic importance for breast cancer patients.展开更多
In 2021,the Belle collaboration reported the first observation of a new structure in theψ(2S)γfinal state produced in the two-photon fusion process.In the hadronic molecule picture,this new structure can be associat...In 2021,the Belle collaboration reported the first observation of a new structure in theψ(2S)γfinal state produced in the two-photon fusion process.In the hadronic molecule picture,this new structure can be associatedwith the shallow isoscalar D*D* bound state and as such is an excellent candidate for the spin-2 partner of the X(3872)with the quantum numbers J^(PC)=2^(++)conventionally named X_(2).展开更多
The structure of planetary scale low freonency phenomena in the tropics is studied, and an attempt is made to determine its influence and interactions with phenomena at higher latitudes.In the tropics, it is found tha...The structure of planetary scale low freonency phenomena in the tropics is studied, and an attempt is made to determine its influence and interactions with phenomena at higher latitudes.In the tropics, it is found that the majority of the variance in the zonal wind structure is made up in wave numbers I and 2. During warm events in the Pacific Ocean, when the Southern Oscillation Index is negative, almost all of the variance resides in the gravest mode which undergoes a 40° eastward phase shift. Meanwhile, the second logitudinal mode almost disappears. On the other hand, the meridional wind field possesses maximum amplitude at higher wave numbers. However, near the equator,the amplitude is small with extreme values occurring in the subtropics. The difference in scale and the location of cxtrcma of the meridional and zonal wind components indicate that the tropical atmosphere is responding to two different driving mechanisms.Correlation analyses between variations of the zonal wind at reference points along the equator with variations of component elsewhere show that there are strong logitudinal connections. The strongest correlations between the tropics and higher latitudes exist in the region of the equatorial westerlies. In fact, stronger correlations occur between variations in U anywhere along the equator and the middle latitudes to the north and south of the equatorial westerlies than to the latitudes immediately to the north and south of the reference points. We interpret this 'remote' correlation pattern as indicating a two-stage teleconnection process which emphasizes the importance of the equatorial tropical westerlies of the Pacific Ocean as a 'corridor' of communication between the low and high latitudes. The regionality of the correlations confirms, to some extent, recent theoretical development regarding trapped equatorial modes. Finally, time lagged correlations from plus and minus six months between variations of U and OLR indicate that the interactions between the extratropics and low latitudes possess an organized sequence. The extratropical influence appears to propagate into the tropics followed by an eastward propagation along the equator. Finally, a propagation from the tropics to the extratropics in the upper troposphere occurs in the eastern Pacific Ocean. The time-lagged correlation sequence does not appear to be symmetric about the equator.展开更多
Recently,the BESI Collaboration observed the three-body decays D_(S)^(+)+→ηωπ^(+),D^(+)→K_(S)^(+)π^(+)ω,and D^(0)→K^(−)π^(+)ω.In this study,we investigate the contributions of the subprocesses ρ^(+)→ωπ^(...Recently,the BESI Collaboration observed the three-body decays D_(S)^(+)+→ηωπ^(+),D^(+)→K_(S)^(+)π^(+)ω,and D^(0)→K^(−)π^(+)ω.In this study,we investigate the contributions of the subprocesses ρ^(+)→ωπ^(+)in these Cabibbofavored decays D→hωπ,with ρ^(+)={ρ(770)^(+),ρ(1450)^(+),ρ(770)^(+)&ρ(1450)^(+)}and h={η,K_(S)^(0),K^(−)},by introducing these subprocesses into the decay amplitudes of the relevant decay processes via the vector form factor F_(ωπ),which has been measured in the related τ and e^(+)e^(-) processes.We provide the first theoretical predictions for the branching fractions of the quasi-two-body decays D_(S)^(+)→η[ρ^(+)→]ωπ^(+),D^(+)→K_(S)^(0)[ρ^(+)→]ωπ^(+),and D^(0)→K^(−)[ρ^(+)→]ωπ^(+).Our findings reveal that the contributions from the subprocess ρ(770)^(+)→ωπ^(+) are significant in these observed threebody decays D_(S)^(+)→ηωπ^(+),D^(+)→K_(S)^(0)ωπ^(+),and D^(0)→K^(−)ωπ^(+),notwithstanding the contributions originating from the Breit-Wigner tail effect of ρ(770)^(+).The numerical results of this study suggest that the dominant resonance contributions for the three-body decays D_(S)^(+)→ηωπ^(+) and D^(+)→K_(S)^(0)ωπ^(+) originate from the P-wave intermediate states ρ(770)^(+),ρ(1450)^(+)and their interference effects.展开更多
To the Editor:Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension(CTEPH)is a rare but serious condition characterized by obstruction of the pulmonary arteries due to thromboembolic events and subsequent vascular remodeling,...To the Editor:Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension(CTEPH)is a rare but serious condition characterized by obstruction of the pulmonary arteries due to thromboembolic events and subsequent vascular remodeling,which leads to pulmonary hypertension(PH).Classified as Group 4 in the 2022 PH guidelines by the European Society of Cardiology and the European Respiratory Society,CTEPH poses significant risks,including progressive PH,right ventricular dysfunction,and mortality if left untreated.Despite established diagnostic and treatment guidelines,the exact national prevalence of CTEPH remains largely unknown due to the absence of organized registries,with estimates ranging from 3 to 30 cases per million people.Although CTEPH is commonly thought to follow acute pulmonary embolism(PE),epidemiological data reveal a discrepancy;studies suggest that only 0.1%to 3.8%of PE patients may develop CTEPH.展开更多
We investigate the properties of the radially excited charged pion,with a specific focus on its electromagnetic form factor(EFF)and its box contribution to the hadronic light-by-light(HLbL)component of the muon's ...We investigate the properties of the radially excited charged pion,with a specific focus on its electromagnetic form factor(EFF)and its box contribution to the hadronic light-by-light(HLbL)component of the muon's anomalous magnetic moment,aμ.Utilizing a coupled non-perturbative framework combining Schwinger-Dyson and Bethe-Salpeter equations,we first compute the mass and weak decay constant of the pion's first radial excitation.Initial results are provided for the Rainbow-Ladder(RL)approximation,followed by an extended beyond RL(BRL)analysis that incorporates meson cloud effects.Building on our previous work,this analysis demonstrates that an accurate description of the first radial excitation can be achieved without the need for a reparametrization of the interaction kernels.Having demonstrated the effectiveness of the truncation scheme,we proceed to calculate the corresponding EFF,from which we derive the contribution of the pion's first radial excitation to the HLbL component of the muon's anomalous magnetic moment,producing a_(μ)^(π1-box)(RL)=-(2.03±0.12)×10^(-13),a_(μ)^(π1-box)(BRL)=-(2.02±0.10)×10^(-13).Our computation also sets the groundwork for calculating related pole contributions of excited pseudo scalar mesons to aμ.展开更多
The Λ(1405) has been one of the most controversial exotic baryons.If the Λ(1405)possesses a two-pole molecular structure,these poles are expected to evolve differently towards the SU(3)limit.From an analysis of a re...The Λ(1405) has been one of the most controversial exotic baryons.If the Λ(1405)possesses a two-pole molecular structure,these poles are expected to evolve differently towards the SU(3)limit.From an analysis of a recent LQCD simulation on theπΣ-KN scattering for I=0 and the study of the quark mass dependence of the octet baryon masses,we determine for the first time the trajectories of these poles towards the symmetric point over the Tr[M]=C trajectory accurately.At m_(π)■200 MeV,our results are consistent with the lattice simulations,and the extrapolations to the physical point,based on the NLO chiral Lagrangians,agree well with existing experimental analyses.We predict qualitatively similar trajectories at LO and up to NLO,consistent with the LO interaction’s dominance.At the SU(3)symmetric point of this trajectory,both poles are on the physical sheet,and the lower pole is located at E^((1))=1573(6)(6)MeV,becoming a SU(3)singlet,while the higher pole at E^((8a))=1589(7)(5)MeV couples to the octet representation.Moreover,we make predictions in I=1 for theΣ^(*)resonance.We find a resonance pole that evolves into a bound state around m_(π)=415 MeV in this sector.The results presented here are crucial to shed light on the molecular nature of exotic strange baryon resonances and can be tested in future LQCD simulations.展开更多
We use a non-relativistic model to study the spectroscopy of a tetraquark composed of [cc]■ in a diquark-antidiquark configuration.By numerically solving the Schr?dinger equation with a Cornell-inspired potential,we ...We use a non-relativistic model to study the spectroscopy of a tetraquark composed of [cc]■ in a diquark-antidiquark configuration.By numerically solving the Schr?dinger equation with a Cornell-inspired potential,we separate the four-body problem into three two-body problems.Spin-dependent terms(spin-spin,spin-orbit and tensor)are used to describe the splitting structure of the ■ spectrum and are also extended to the interaction between diquarks.Recent experimental data on charmonium states are used to fix the parameters of the model and a satisfactory description of the spectrum is obtained.We find that the spin-dependent interaction is sizable in the diquark-antidiquark system,despite the heavy diquark mass,and also that the diquark has a finite size if treated in the same way as the ■ systems.We find that the lowest S-wave T 4c tetraquarks might be below their thresholds of spontaneous dissociation into low-lying charmonium pairs,while orbital and radial excitations would be mostly above the corresponding charmonium pair thresholds.Finally,we repeat the calculations without the confining part of the potential and obtain bound diquarks and bound tetraquarks.This might be relevant to the study of exotic charmonium in the quark-gluon plasma.The T 4c states could be investigated in the forthcoming experiments at the LHC and BelleⅡ.展开更多
It is currently widely accepted that gluons,while massless at the level of the fundamental QCD Lagrangian,acquire an effective mass through the non-Abelian implementation of the classic Schwinger mechanism.The key dyn...It is currently widely accepted that gluons,while massless at the level of the fundamental QCD Lagrangian,acquire an effective mass through the non-Abelian implementation of the classic Schwinger mechanism.The key dynamical ingredient that triggers the onset of this mechanism is the formation of composite massless poles inside the fundamental vertices of the theory.These poles enter the evolution equation of the gluon propagator and nontrivially affect the way the Slavnov-Taylor identities of the vertices are resolved,inducing a smoking-gun displacement in the corresponding Ward identities.In this article,we present a comprehensive review of the pivotal concepts associated with this dynamical scenario,emphasizing the synergy between functional methods and lattice simulations and highlighting recent advances that corroborate the action of the Schwinger mechanism in QCD.展开更多
Early weaning in piglets can cause a series of negative effects.This causes serious losses to the livestock industry.N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine(D-GlcNAc)plays an important role in regulating the homeostasis of the intesti...Early weaning in piglets can cause a series of negative effects.This causes serious losses to the livestock industry.N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine(D-GlcNAc)plays an important role in regulating the homeostasis of the intestine.This study aimed to investigate the effects of D-GlcNAc on the growth performance and intestinal function of weaned piglets.Twenty-four weaned piglets([Yorkshire×Landrace]Duroc,6.58±0.15 kg,n=8)at 21 d old were fed 3 diets supplemented with 0(control),1 and 3 g/kg D-GlcNAc.The intestinal organoid model was used to verify the regulatory mechanism of D-GlcNAc on intestinal epithelial cells.On the whole,supplementation of D-GlcNAc in the piglet diet has no significant effect on the growth performance and diarrhoea of weaned piglets(P>0.05).The apparent digestibility of nutrients and mRNA abundance of nutrient transporters in the 1 g/kg D-GlcNAc group were increased significantly(P<0.05).D-GlcNAc did not affect villus height(VH)and crypt depth(CD)but resulted in a numerically shorter VH and shallower CD,which lead to an increase in ileal VH:CD ratio(P<0.05).Cell shedding rates in the ileum villi increased(P<0.05).The relative length and weight of the small intestine of weaned piglets increased(P<0.05).In vitro studies found that the budding rates of organoids treated with 0.1 mmol/L D-GlcNAc increased on the d 3 and 5(P<0.05).The average budding numbers per budding organoid treated with 0.1 and 10 mmol/L D-GlcNAc increased on d 3(P<0.05).D-GlcNAc upregulated leucine rich repeat containing G protein-coupled receptor 5(Lgr5^(+))and Chromogranin A mRNA abundance in organoids(P<0.05).Mucin 2(Muc2)expression increased when treated with 1 and 10 mmol/L D-GlcNAc(P<0.05).In conclusion,dietary D-GlcNAc cannot improve the growth performance of weaned piglets.However,it can promote the growth and development of the intestinal tract and improve the digestion and absorption capacity of the intestine,which is achieved by affecting the activity of intestinal stem cells.展开更多
Using lattice configurations for quantum chromodynamics(QCD)generated with three domain-wall fermions at a physical pion mass,we obtain a parameter-free prediction of QCD’s renormalisation-group-invariant process-ind...Using lattice configurations for quantum chromodynamics(QCD)generated with three domain-wall fermions at a physical pion mass,we obtain a parameter-free prediction of QCD’s renormalisation-group-invariant process-independent effective charge,α^(k2).Owing to the dynamical breaking of scale invariance,evident in the emergence of a gluon mass-scale,m0=0.43(1)GeV,this coupling saturates at infrared momenta:α^(0)/π=0.97(4).Amongst other things:α^(k2)is almost identical to the process-dependent(PD)effective charge defined via the Bjorken sum rule;and also that PD charge which,employed in the one-loop evolution equations,delivers agreement between pion parton distribution functions computed at the hadronic scale and experiment.The diversity of unifying roles played byα^(k^2)suggests that it is a strong candidate for that object which represents the interaction strength in QCD at any given momentum scale;and its properties support a conclusion that QCD is a mathematically well-defined quantum field theory in four dimensions.展开更多
In this study,we investigate the two step sequential one pion production mechanism,that is,np(I=0)→π^(-)pp followed by the fusion reaction pp→π^(+)d,to describe the np→π^(+)π^(-)d reaction withπ^(+)π^(-)in st...In this study,we investigate the two step sequential one pion production mechanism,that is,np(I=0)→π^(-)pp followed by the fusion reaction pp→π^(+)d,to describe the np→π^(+)π^(-)d reaction withπ^(+)π^(-)in state I=0.In this reaction,a narrow peak identified with a"d(2380)"dibaryon has been previously observed.We discover that the second reaction step pp→π^(+)d is driven by a triangle singularity that determines the position of the peak of the reaction and the high strength of the cross section.The combined cross section of these two mechanisms produces a narrow peak with a position,width,and strength,that are compatible with experimental observations within the applied approximations made.This novel interpretation of the peak accomplished without invoking a dibaryon explains why this peak has remained undetected in other reactions.展开更多
In a recent paper[1],the BESIII Collaboration reported the observation of a scalar meson of spin-parity J^(P)=0^(+)with isospin I¼1,branded as a_(0)(1817).The state is seen as a peak in the K0 SKþmass distri...In a recent paper[1],the BESIII Collaboration reported the observation of a scalar meson of spin-parity J^(P)=0^(+)with isospin I¼1,branded as a_(0)(1817).The state is seen as a peak in the K0 SKþmass distribution in the D_(s)^(+)→K_(s)^(0)K^(+)π^(0)decay.Its mass and width are reported as.展开更多
We attempt to clarify several aspects concemi ng the recently presented four-dimensional Ein stein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity.We argue that the limiting procedure outlined in[Phys.Rev.Lett.124,081301(2020)]generally involve...We attempt to clarify several aspects concemi ng the recently presented four-dimensional Ein stein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity.We argue that the limiting procedure outlined in[Phys.Rev.Lett.124,081301(2020)]generally involves ill-defined terms in the four dimensional field equations.Potential ways to circumvent this issue are discussed,alongside remarks regarding specific solutions of the theory.We prove that,although linear perturbations are well behaved around maximally symmetric backgrounds,the equations for second-order perturbations are illdefined even around a Minkowskia n background.Additi on ally,we perform a detailed analysis of the spherically symmetric solutions and find that the central curvature singularity can be reached within a finite proper time.展开更多
文摘In the present study, dot-blot hybridization, serial dilution analysis and densitomctric scanning were used to detect amplification of proto- oncogenes including c-erbB2, c-myc, int-2 and c-Ha-ras in 104 paraffin-embedded breast cancers. Expression of c-erbB2 was also examined by immunohistochemistry. Amplification of c-erbB2. c-myc and int-2 genes was found in 34.7%, 17.8% and 11.9% of breast cancers respectively. However amplification of c-Ha-ras was not detected in all cases. In 11.9% of cases co-amplification of two or more oncogenes was observed. Positive immunostain-ing of c-erbB2 was seen in 23.8% of the cases and it was significantly associated, but not always corresponding to the amplification of the gene. There was no difference between primary and metastatic breast cancer in the alterations of proto-oncogenes examined in this study, which suggested that the amplification and overexpression of these proto-oncogenes occured prior to and maintained in the process of metastasis of breast cancer. Statistical analysis showed that high-scale of immunopositive staining of c-erbB2 and high-fold co-amplification of proto-oncogenes were significantly correlated with large size of the tumour and the number of involved lymph nodes. Our results indicate that the alterations of multiple oncogenes are involved in the development of breats cancer and some of them may have prognostic importance for breast cancer patients.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12070131001,12125507,11835015,and 12047503)the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG)through the funds provided to the Sino-German Collaborative Research Center TRR110“Symmetries and the Emergence of Structure in QCD”(Project-ID 196253076)+4 种基金the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)(Grant Nos.YSBR-101 and XDB34030000)the EU STRONG-2020 project under the program H2020-INFRAIA-2018-1(Grant No.824093)the Generalitat valenciana(GVA)for the project with ref.CIDEGENT/2019/015supported by the Slovenian Research Agency(research core Funding No.P1-0035)by CAS President’s International Fellowship Initiative(PIFI)(Grant No.2024PVA0004)。
文摘In 2021,the Belle collaboration reported the first observation of a new structure in theψ(2S)γfinal state produced in the two-photon fusion process.In the hadronic molecule picture,this new structure can be associatedwith the shallow isoscalar D*D* bound state and as such is an excellent candidate for the spin-2 partner of the X(3872)with the quantum numbers J^(PC)=2^(++)conventionally named X_(2).
文摘The structure of planetary scale low freonency phenomena in the tropics is studied, and an attempt is made to determine its influence and interactions with phenomena at higher latitudes.In the tropics, it is found that the majority of the variance in the zonal wind structure is made up in wave numbers I and 2. During warm events in the Pacific Ocean, when the Southern Oscillation Index is negative, almost all of the variance resides in the gravest mode which undergoes a 40° eastward phase shift. Meanwhile, the second logitudinal mode almost disappears. On the other hand, the meridional wind field possesses maximum amplitude at higher wave numbers. However, near the equator,the amplitude is small with extreme values occurring in the subtropics. The difference in scale and the location of cxtrcma of the meridional and zonal wind components indicate that the tropical atmosphere is responding to two different driving mechanisms.Correlation analyses between variations of the zonal wind at reference points along the equator with variations of component elsewhere show that there are strong logitudinal connections. The strongest correlations between the tropics and higher latitudes exist in the region of the equatorial westerlies. In fact, stronger correlations occur between variations in U anywhere along the equator and the middle latitudes to the north and south of the equatorial westerlies than to the latitudes immediately to the north and south of the reference points. We interpret this 'remote' correlation pattern as indicating a two-stage teleconnection process which emphasizes the importance of the equatorial tropical westerlies of the Pacific Ocean as a 'corridor' of communication between the low and high latitudes. The regionality of the correlations confirms, to some extent, recent theoretical development regarding trapped equatorial modes. Finally, time lagged correlations from plus and minus six months between variations of U and OLR indicate that the interactions between the extratropics and low latitudes possess an organized sequence. The extratropical influence appears to propagate into the tropics followed by an eastward propagation along the equator. Finally, a propagation from the tropics to the extratropics in the upper troposphere occurs in the eastern Pacific Ocean. The time-lagged correlation sequence does not appear to be symmetric about the equator.
基金Supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12465017)and the Foundation of Shanxi"1331 Project"Key Subjects Construction。
文摘Recently,the BESI Collaboration observed the three-body decays D_(S)^(+)+→ηωπ^(+),D^(+)→K_(S)^(+)π^(+)ω,and D^(0)→K^(−)π^(+)ω.In this study,we investigate the contributions of the subprocesses ρ^(+)→ωπ^(+)in these Cabibbofavored decays D→hωπ,with ρ^(+)={ρ(770)^(+),ρ(1450)^(+),ρ(770)^(+)&ρ(1450)^(+)}and h={η,K_(S)^(0),K^(−)},by introducing these subprocesses into the decay amplitudes of the relevant decay processes via the vector form factor F_(ωπ),which has been measured in the related τ and e^(+)e^(-) processes.We provide the first theoretical predictions for the branching fractions of the quasi-two-body decays D_(S)^(+)→η[ρ^(+)→]ωπ^(+),D^(+)→K_(S)^(0)[ρ^(+)→]ωπ^(+),and D^(0)→K^(−)[ρ^(+)→]ωπ^(+).Our findings reveal that the contributions from the subprocess ρ(770)^(+)→ωπ^(+) are significant in these observed threebody decays D_(S)^(+)→ηωπ^(+),D^(+)→K_(S)^(0)ωπ^(+),and D^(0)→K^(−)ωπ^(+),notwithstanding the contributions originating from the Breit-Wigner tail effect of ρ(770)^(+).The numerical results of this study suggest that the dominant resonance contributions for the three-body decays D_(S)^(+)→ηωπ^(+) and D^(+)→K_(S)^(0)ωπ^(+) originate from the P-wave intermediate states ρ(770)^(+),ρ(1450)^(+)and their interference effects.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFC2507200)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS)(No.2021-I2M-1-049)+1 种基金National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding(No.2022-NHLHCRF-LX-01-0203)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82241029,and 81970058).
文摘To the Editor:Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension(CTEPH)is a rare but serious condition characterized by obstruction of the pulmonary arteries due to thromboembolic events and subsequent vascular remodeling,which leads to pulmonary hypertension(PH).Classified as Group 4 in the 2022 PH guidelines by the European Society of Cardiology and the European Respiratory Society,CTEPH poses significant risks,including progressive PH,right ventricular dysfunction,and mortality if left untreated.Despite established diagnostic and treatment guidelines,the exact national prevalence of CTEPH remains largely unknown due to the absence of organized registries,with estimates ranging from 3 to 30 cases per million people.Although CTEPH is commonly thought to follow acute pulmonary embolism(PE),epidemiological data reveal a discrepancy;studies suggest that only 0.1%to 3.8%of PE patients may develop CTEPH.
基金the financial support received through the program"Postdoctorados Nacionales por México"partially funded by the"PROMETEO"programme of the"Generalitat Valenciana"grant CIPROM/2022/66+8 种基金by the Spanish"Agencia Estatal de Investigación",MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033,through the grants PID2020-113334GB-I00 and PID2023-151418NB-I00Coordinación de la Investigación Científica of the Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo Grant No.4.10.CONAHCyT grant CBF2023-2024-3544Ayudas Beatriz Galindo,SpainConahcyt(México)funding through project CBF2023-2024-3226Spanish support during his sabbatical year through projects MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033,grant PID2020-114473GB-I00,and Generalitat Valenciana grant PROMETEO/2021/071the financial support provided to him through the program"Beca de Posgrado en México"supported by Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation(MICINN grant no.PID2022-140440NB-C22)Junta de Andalucía(grant P18-FR-5057)。
文摘We investigate the properties of the radially excited charged pion,with a specific focus on its electromagnetic form factor(EFF)and its box contribution to the hadronic light-by-light(HLbL)component of the muon's anomalous magnetic moment,aμ.Utilizing a coupled non-perturbative framework combining Schwinger-Dyson and Bethe-Salpeter equations,we first compute the mass and weak decay constant of the pion's first radial excitation.Initial results are provided for the Rainbow-Ladder(RL)approximation,followed by an extended beyond RL(BRL)analysis that incorporates meson cloud effects.Building on our previous work,this analysis demonstrates that an accurate description of the first radial excitation can be achieved without the need for a reparametrization of the interaction kernels.Having demonstrated the effectiveness of the truncation scheme,we proceed to calculate the corresponding EFF,from which we derive the contribution of the pion's first radial excitation to the HLbL component of the muon's anomalous magnetic moment,producing a_(μ)^(π1-box)(RL)=-(2.03±0.12)×10^(-13),a_(μ)^(π1-box)(BRL)=-(2.02±0.10)×10^(-13).Our computation also sets the groundwork for calculating related pole contributions of excited pseudo scalar mesons to aμ.
基金supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad(MINECO),European FEDER funds(FIS2017-84038-C2-1-P B,PID2020-112777 GB-I00),Generalitat Valenciana(PROMETEO/2020/023)the European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation program(H2020-INFRAIA-20181)+4 种基金grant agreement(824093)of the STRONG-2020 projectsupport from the ESGENT program(ESGENT/018/2024)the PROMETEU program(CIPROM/2023/59),of the Generalitat Valenciana,and also from the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad and the European Union(NextGenerationEU/PRTR)by the grant(CNS2022-13614)support from the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFA1606703)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12435007)。
文摘The Λ(1405) has been one of the most controversial exotic baryons.If the Λ(1405)possesses a two-pole molecular structure,these poles are expected to evolve differently towards the SU(3)limit.From an analysis of a recent LQCD simulation on theπΣ-KN scattering for I=0 and the study of the quark mass dependence of the octet baryon masses,we determine for the first time the trajectories of these poles towards the symmetric point over the Tr[M]=C trajectory accurately.At m_(π)■200 MeV,our results are consistent with the lattice simulations,and the extrapolations to the physical point,based on the NLO chiral Lagrangians,agree well with existing experimental analyses.We predict qualitatively similar trajectories at LO and up to NLO,consistent with the LO interaction’s dominance.At the SU(3)symmetric point of this trajectory,both poles are on the physical sheet,and the lower pole is located at E^((1))=1573(6)(6)MeV,becoming a SU(3)singlet,while the higher pole at E^((8a))=1589(7)(5)MeV couples to the octet representation.Moreover,we make predictions in I=1 for theΣ^(*)resonance.We find a resonance pole that evolves into a bound state around m_(π)=415 MeV in this sector.The results presented here are crucial to shed light on the molecular nature of exotic strange baryon resonances and can be tested in future LQCD simulations.
基金support received from the brazilian funding agencies FAPESP(contract 12/50984-4)support from Generalitat Valenciana in the Program Santiago Grisolia(Exp.GRISOLIA/2015/005)
文摘We use a non-relativistic model to study the spectroscopy of a tetraquark composed of [cc]■ in a diquark-antidiquark configuration.By numerically solving the Schr?dinger equation with a Cornell-inspired potential,we separate the four-body problem into three two-body problems.Spin-dependent terms(spin-spin,spin-orbit and tensor)are used to describe the splitting structure of the ■ spectrum and are also extended to the interaction between diquarks.Recent experimental data on charmonium states are used to fix the parameters of the model and a satisfactory description of the spectrum is obtained.We find that the spin-dependent interaction is sizable in the diquark-antidiquark system,despite the heavy diquark mass,and also that the diquark has a finite size if treated in the same way as the ■ systems.We find that the lowest S-wave T 4c tetraquarks might be below their thresholds of spontaneous dissociation into low-lying charmonium pairs,while orbital and radial excitations would be mostly above the corresponding charmonium pair thresholds.Finally,we repeat the calculations without the confining part of the potential and obtain bound diquarks and bound tetraquarks.This might be relevant to the study of exotic charmonium in the quark-gluon plasma.The T 4c states could be investigated in the forthcoming experiments at the LHC and BelleⅡ.
基金Supported by the grant PID2020-113334GB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 of the Spanish AEI-MICINNthe grant Prometeo/2019/087 of the Generalitat Valenciana。
文摘It is currently widely accepted that gluons,while massless at the level of the fundamental QCD Lagrangian,acquire an effective mass through the non-Abelian implementation of the classic Schwinger mechanism.The key dynamical ingredient that triggers the onset of this mechanism is the formation of composite massless poles inside the fundamental vertices of the theory.These poles enter the evolution equation of the gluon propagator and nontrivially affect the way the Slavnov-Taylor identities of the vertices are resolved,inducing a smoking-gun displacement in the corresponding Ward identities.In this article,we present a comprehensive review of the pivotal concepts associated with this dynamical scenario,emphasizing the synergy between functional methods and lattice simulations and highlighting recent advances that corroborate the action of the Schwinger mechanism in QCD.
基金This work was supported by Hunan Province Key Field R&D Program(2019NK2193)Key Programs of Frontier Scientific Research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(QYZDY-SSWSMC008)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2017JJ1020)Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(YESS20160086).
文摘Early weaning in piglets can cause a series of negative effects.This causes serious losses to the livestock industry.N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine(D-GlcNAc)plays an important role in regulating the homeostasis of the intestine.This study aimed to investigate the effects of D-GlcNAc on the growth performance and intestinal function of weaned piglets.Twenty-four weaned piglets([Yorkshire×Landrace]Duroc,6.58±0.15 kg,n=8)at 21 d old were fed 3 diets supplemented with 0(control),1 and 3 g/kg D-GlcNAc.The intestinal organoid model was used to verify the regulatory mechanism of D-GlcNAc on intestinal epithelial cells.On the whole,supplementation of D-GlcNAc in the piglet diet has no significant effect on the growth performance and diarrhoea of weaned piglets(P>0.05).The apparent digestibility of nutrients and mRNA abundance of nutrient transporters in the 1 g/kg D-GlcNAc group were increased significantly(P<0.05).D-GlcNAc did not affect villus height(VH)and crypt depth(CD)but resulted in a numerically shorter VH and shallower CD,which lead to an increase in ileal VH:CD ratio(P<0.05).Cell shedding rates in the ileum villi increased(P<0.05).The relative length and weight of the small intestine of weaned piglets increased(P<0.05).In vitro studies found that the budding rates of organoids treated with 0.1 mmol/L D-GlcNAc increased on the d 3 and 5(P<0.05).The average budding numbers per budding organoid treated with 0.1 and 10 mmol/L D-GlcNAc increased on d 3(P<0.05).D-GlcNAc upregulated leucine rich repeat containing G protein-coupled receptor 5(Lgr5^(+))and Chromogranin A mRNA abundance in organoids(P<0.05).Mucin 2(Muc2)expression increased when treated with 1 and 10 mmol/L D-GlcNAc(P<0.05).In conclusion,dietary D-GlcNAc cannot improve the growth performance of weaned piglets.However,it can promote the growth and development of the intestinal tract and improve the digestion and absorption capacity of the intestine,which is achieved by affecting the activity of intestinal stem cells.
文摘Using lattice configurations for quantum chromodynamics(QCD)generated with three domain-wall fermions at a physical pion mass,we obtain a parameter-free prediction of QCD’s renormalisation-group-invariant process-independent effective charge,α^(k2).Owing to the dynamical breaking of scale invariance,evident in the emergence of a gluon mass-scale,m0=0.43(1)GeV,this coupling saturates at infrared momenta:α^(0)/π=0.97(4).Amongst other things:α^(k2)is almost identical to the process-dependent(PD)effective charge defined via the Bjorken sum rule;and also that PD charge which,employed in the one-loop evolution equations,delivers agreement between pion parton distribution functions computed at the hadronic scale and experiment.The diversity of unifying roles played byα^(k^2)suggests that it is a strong candidate for that object which represents the interaction strength in QCD at any given momentum scale;and its properties support a conclusion that QCD is a mathematically well-defined quantum field theory in four dimensions.
基金support from the CIDEGENT program with Ref.CIDEGENT/2019/015from the spanish national grant PID2019-106080GB-C21+3 种基金partly supported by JSPS Overseas Research FellowshipsJSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP19K14709partly supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad and European FEDER funds under Contracts No.FIS2017-84038-C2-1-P B and No.FIS2017-84038-C2-2-P Bfunding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No.824093 for the STRONG-2020 project。
文摘In this study,we investigate the two step sequential one pion production mechanism,that is,np(I=0)→π^(-)pp followed by the fusion reaction pp→π^(+)d,to describe the np→π^(+)π^(-)d reaction withπ^(+)π^(-)in state I=0.In this reaction,a narrow peak identified with a"d(2380)"dibaryon has been previously observed.We discover that the second reaction step pp→π^(+)d is driven by a triangle singularity that determines the position of the peak of the reaction and the high strength of the cross section.The combined cross section of these two mechanisms produces a narrow peak with a position,width,and strength,that are compatible with experimental observations within the applied approximations made.This novel interpretation of the peak accomplished without invoking a dibaryon explains why this peak has remained undetected in other reactions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12175066,11975009,12147219,11975041,and 11735003)supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad(MINECO)and European FEDER Funds(FIS2017-84038-C2-1-P B and PID2020-112777 GB-I00)+1 种基金Generalitat Valenciana under Contract PROMETEO/2020/023This project has received funding from the European Union Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under the Program H2020-INFRAIA-2018-1,Grant agreement No.824093 of the STRONG-2020 project.
文摘In a recent paper[1],the BESIII Collaboration reported the observation of a scalar meson of spin-parity J^(P)=0^(+)with isospin I¼1,branded as a_(0)(1817).The state is seen as a peak in the K0 SKþmass distribution in the D_(s)^(+)→K_(s)^(0)K^(+)π^(0)decay.Its mass and width are reported as.
基金supported by PhD contracts of the program FPU 2015 with references FPU15/02864 and FPU15/05406(Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness),respectivelysupported by the Spanish Projects(FIS2017-84440-C2-1-P)(MINECO/FEDER,EU)and FIS2016-78198-P(MINECO)+5 种基金the Project No.H2020-MSCA-RISE-2017 Grant No.Fun Fi CO-777740Project No.SEJI/2017/042(Generalitat Valenciana)the Consolider Program CPANPHY-1205388the Severo Ochoa Grant No.SEV-2014-0398(Spain)financial support from the Spanish Government through the project FIS2017-86497-C2-2-P(with FEDER contribution)from the State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCIU through the"Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa"award to the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía(SEV-2017-0709)。
文摘We attempt to clarify several aspects concemi ng the recently presented four-dimensional Ein stein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity.We argue that the limiting procedure outlined in[Phys.Rev.Lett.124,081301(2020)]generally involves ill-defined terms in the four dimensional field equations.Potential ways to circumvent this issue are discussed,alongside remarks regarding specific solutions of the theory.We prove that,although linear perturbations are well behaved around maximally symmetric backgrounds,the equations for second-order perturbations are illdefined even around a Minkowskia n background.Additi on ally,we perform a detailed analysis of the spherically symmetric solutions and find that the central curvature singularity can be reached within a finite proper time.
