Evolutionary genetics of invasive species has been unexplored in Argentina. Invasive alien species (IAS) have a wide geographical distribution, characteristic life cycles and great ability to adapt, establish and spre...Evolutionary genetics of invasive species has been unexplored in Argentina. Invasive alien species (IAS) have a wide geographical distribution, characteristic life cycles and great ability to adapt, establish and spread in a new environment. Recent advances in novel molecular technologies, the use of higher resolution genetic markers, and the research development on genetic variation of invasive species consolidated the importance of genetic aspects in the invasion process. Undoubtedly, the growing concern for the disturbances generated by invasive species on biodiversity and functioning of ecosystems was also determinant for the inclusion of the Invasion Biology within the broad field of Evolutionary Biology including relevant examples that address the evolutionary genetic aspects of biological invasions. Recent studies suggest that the invasion success of many species depends on their ability to respond to natural selection. Although the number of invasive species registered in Argentina far exceeds 600, little research has been done on invasive mammal species and only five of them were hitherto genetically analyzed. Presuming that invasion genetics is incorporated into the agenda of control and management organizations, it would allow integrating the ecological, genetic, and evolutionary biology aspects for knowledge of invasive species widely distributed in Argentina. The objective of this article is to highlight the importance of evaluating the genetic structure of invasive species for their management and to inform about the invasive species of mammals that were introduced in Argentina and have been or are being analyzed genetically.展开更多
Background Ushuaia City has experienced much population growth and still lacks secondary treatment for its wastewater.As a result,most of the discharge is directed into the lotic ecosystems that cross the urban enviro...Background Ushuaia City has experienced much population growth and still lacks secondary treatment for its wastewater.As a result,most of the discharge is directed into the lotic ecosystems that cross the urban environment.This paper assesses the relationship between riparian areas and water quality along an urbanization gradient in the city's main watersheds:Pipo River,Buena Esperanza Stream and Arroyo Grande River.Results The Riparian Forest Quality Index adapted for Patagonia showed a positive correlation with the Fuegian Water Quality Index(r=0.83,p<0.05).Differences in the riparian index along the urban gradient were detected in all the studied watersheds.In general,non-urbanized sites in the upper zones showed very good or good quality while urbanized sites showed worse riparian conditions.Furthermore,in relation to the Fuegian Water Quality Index,this work showed spatial and temporal variations.The Pipo River watershed showed no statistically significant differences among sampling sites,although water quality decreased over time at the urbanized site near the outlet of the river(in March 2018 the Fuegian Water Quality Index was 88 and in March 2022 it was 38).In the Buena Esperanza Stream,significant differences were detected among sampling sites;water quality at the non-urbanized zones in the upper section and upper-middle section was higher than at the urbanized sites.In the Arroyo Grande River,despite the lower ranges of the Fuegian Water Quality Index observed at the urban site near the outlet,no significant differences were identified between study sites.Conclusion The relationship of both indices supports the relevance of the environmental surroundings of the watercourses and how their ecological integrity affects water quality in urban lotic ecosystems.The watersheds studied here are strongly linked to the complex dynamics of a growing city which was reflected by the Fuegian Water Quality.Our findings provide a scientific foundation for sustainable environmental management.We recommend integrated water resources management that not only ceases the direct discharge of wastewater into watercourses but also implements measures to protect and restore the riparian environment as a fundamental measure for the conservation of urban lotic ecosystems.展开更多
Soil is an integral component of the global environmental system which supports the quality and diversity of terrestrial life on Earth.Therefore,it is vital to consider the processes and impacts of soil degradation on...Soil is an integral component of the global environmental system which supports the quality and diversity of terrestrial life on Earth.Therefore,it is vital to consider the processes and impacts of soil degradation on society,especially on the provision of environmental goods and services,including food security and climate change mitigation and adaptation.Scientific societies devoted to soil science play significant roles in reducing soil degradation and promoting soil conservation by advancing scientificknowledge,education and environmental sustainability.The ESSC was founded on 4 November 1988,with the aims to:1.Support research on soil degradation,soil protection and soil and water conservation.2.Provide a network for the exchange of knowledge about soil degradation processes and soil conservation research and practises.3.Produce publications on major issues relating to soil degradation and soil and water conservation.4.Advise regulators and policy-makers on soil issues,especially soil degradation,protection and conservation.The societal challenges that can be addressed through better soil protection,advancing knowledge and scientific approaches to soil protection and sustainable management,mean the ESSC embraces the on-going development,application,review and constructive criticism of highly innovative scientific soil conservation methods,In this context,the ESSC analyses and publicizes the roles and functions of soil in natural and human-modified systems and the functional optimization of soils to ensure sustainable environmental protection.'The thin layer of soil that forms a patchy covering over the continents controls our awn existence and that of every other animal of the land' (Rachel Carson (1962) in'Silent Spring).展开更多
文摘Evolutionary genetics of invasive species has been unexplored in Argentina. Invasive alien species (IAS) have a wide geographical distribution, characteristic life cycles and great ability to adapt, establish and spread in a new environment. Recent advances in novel molecular technologies, the use of higher resolution genetic markers, and the research development on genetic variation of invasive species consolidated the importance of genetic aspects in the invasion process. Undoubtedly, the growing concern for the disturbances generated by invasive species on biodiversity and functioning of ecosystems was also determinant for the inclusion of the Invasion Biology within the broad field of Evolutionary Biology including relevant examples that address the evolutionary genetic aspects of biological invasions. Recent studies suggest that the invasion success of many species depends on their ability to respond to natural selection. Although the number of invasive species registered in Argentina far exceeds 600, little research has been done on invasive mammal species and only five of them were hitherto genetically analyzed. Presuming that invasion genetics is incorporated into the agenda of control and management organizations, it would allow integrating the ecological, genetic, and evolutionary biology aspects for knowledge of invasive species widely distributed in Argentina. The objective of this article is to highlight the importance of evaluating the genetic structure of invasive species for their management and to inform about the invasive species of mammals that were introduced in Argentina and have been or are being analyzed genetically.
基金funding from Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica(ANPCy T PICT 20151152)University of Tierra del Fuego(PIDUNTd F)and PUE 2016 to CADIC(CONICET)Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica,PICT 20151152,Patricia Rodriguez
文摘Background Ushuaia City has experienced much population growth and still lacks secondary treatment for its wastewater.As a result,most of the discharge is directed into the lotic ecosystems that cross the urban environment.This paper assesses the relationship between riparian areas and water quality along an urbanization gradient in the city's main watersheds:Pipo River,Buena Esperanza Stream and Arroyo Grande River.Results The Riparian Forest Quality Index adapted for Patagonia showed a positive correlation with the Fuegian Water Quality Index(r=0.83,p<0.05).Differences in the riparian index along the urban gradient were detected in all the studied watersheds.In general,non-urbanized sites in the upper zones showed very good or good quality while urbanized sites showed worse riparian conditions.Furthermore,in relation to the Fuegian Water Quality Index,this work showed spatial and temporal variations.The Pipo River watershed showed no statistically significant differences among sampling sites,although water quality decreased over time at the urbanized site near the outlet of the river(in March 2018 the Fuegian Water Quality Index was 88 and in March 2022 it was 38).In the Buena Esperanza Stream,significant differences were detected among sampling sites;water quality at the non-urbanized zones in the upper section and upper-middle section was higher than at the urbanized sites.In the Arroyo Grande River,despite the lower ranges of the Fuegian Water Quality Index observed at the urban site near the outlet,no significant differences were identified between study sites.Conclusion The relationship of both indices supports the relevance of the environmental surroundings of the watercourses and how their ecological integrity affects water quality in urban lotic ecosystems.The watersheds studied here are strongly linked to the complex dynamics of a growing city which was reflected by the Fuegian Water Quality.Our findings provide a scientific foundation for sustainable environmental management.We recommend integrated water resources management that not only ceases the direct discharge of wastewater into watercourses but also implements measures to protect and restore the riparian environment as a fundamental measure for the conservation of urban lotic ecosystems.
文摘Soil is an integral component of the global environmental system which supports the quality and diversity of terrestrial life on Earth.Therefore,it is vital to consider the processes and impacts of soil degradation on society,especially on the provision of environmental goods and services,including food security and climate change mitigation and adaptation.Scientific societies devoted to soil science play significant roles in reducing soil degradation and promoting soil conservation by advancing scientificknowledge,education and environmental sustainability.The ESSC was founded on 4 November 1988,with the aims to:1.Support research on soil degradation,soil protection and soil and water conservation.2.Provide a network for the exchange of knowledge about soil degradation processes and soil conservation research and practises.3.Produce publications on major issues relating to soil degradation and soil and water conservation.4.Advise regulators and policy-makers on soil issues,especially soil degradation,protection and conservation.The societal challenges that can be addressed through better soil protection,advancing knowledge and scientific approaches to soil protection and sustainable management,mean the ESSC embraces the on-going development,application,review and constructive criticism of highly innovative scientific soil conservation methods,In this context,the ESSC analyses and publicizes the roles and functions of soil in natural and human-modified systems and the functional optimization of soils to ensure sustainable environmental protection.'The thin layer of soil that forms a patchy covering over the continents controls our awn existence and that of every other animal of the land' (Rachel Carson (1962) in'Silent Spring).
