A new method for the generation of high charged state metal ion beams is developed. This method is based on microwave heating of vacuum arc plasma in a magnetic trap under electron cyclotron resonance （ECR） conditio...A new method for the generation of high charged state metal ion beams is developed. This method is based on microwave heating of vacuum arc plasma in a magnetic trap under electron cyclotron resonance （ECR） conditions. Two gyrotrons for plasma heating were used, which were with the following parameters. The first is with a wave frequency of 37.5 GHz, a pulse duration of 1 ms and power of 100 kW, another is with 75 GHz, 0.15 ms and 400 kW. Two different magnetic traps were considered for vacuum arc plasma confinement. The first one is a simple mirror trap. Such system was already investigated and could provide high charge state ions. The second trap was with a cusp magnetic field configuration with native ＂minimum-B＂ field structure. Two different ways of metal plasma injection into the magnetic trap were used. The first one is an axial injection from an arc source located out of the trap, and the second is a radial injection from four arc sources mounted at the center of the trap. Both traps provide up to 200 eMA of ion beam current for platinum ions with highest charge state 10＋. Ion beams were successfully extracted from the plasma and accelerated by a voltage of up to 20 kV.展开更多
Air or inert atmosphere irradiation of liquid normal alkanes C5-C8 and benzene by electron beam was carried out. Oxidation （in the air） or isomerization （in the inert gases） of liquid normal alkanes under electron...Air or inert atmosphere irradiation of liquid normal alkanes C5-C8 and benzene by electron beam was carried out. Oxidation （in the air） or isomerization （in the inert gases） of liquid normal alkanes under electron beam was shown. Action of electron beam on benzene molecules in the air or in the inert atmosphere leads to biphenyl, terphenyl and polymers. Irradiation by the bunch of electrons of mixture hexane with 10% benzene reduced to firm fractions （fullerene＇s similar structures） in a deposit.展开更多
Diamond-like carbon(DLC)films are deposited on rubber surfaces to protect the rubber components,and surface pretreatment of the rubber substrates prior to the film deposition can improve the adhesion between the DLC f...Diamond-like carbon(DLC)films are deposited on rubber surfaces to protect the rubber components,and surface pretreatment of the rubber substrates prior to the film deposition can improve the adhesion between the DLC films and the rubber.Thus,the principal purpose of this work concentrates on determining the effects of argon(Ar),oxygen(O_(2)),nitrogen(N_(2)),and hydrogen(H_(2))plasma pretreatments on the adhesion and friction performance of the DLC films deposited on rubber(DLC/rubber).The results indicated that the Ar plasma pretreatment promoted the formation of a compact layer on the rubber surface.By contrast,massive fillers were exposed on the rubber surface after oxygen or nitrogen plasma pretreatments.Moreover,the typical micrometer-scale patches divided by random cracks were observed on the surface of DLC/rubber,except for the sample pretreated with oxygen plasma.The adhesion of DLC/rubber was found to strengthen with the removal of weak boundary layers and the generation of free radicals on the rubber surface after plasma pretreatment.The tribo-tests revealed that DLC/rubber with O_(2),N_(2),and H_(2) plasma pretreatments cannot achieve optimal friction performance.Significantly,DLC/rubber with Ar plasma pretreatment exhibited a low and stable friction coefficient of 0.19 and superior wear resistance,which was correlated to the high adhesion,good load-bearing of the rubber surface,and the approximate sine function of the surface profile of the DLC film.展开更多
A Simple Mirror Ion Source with 75GHz pumping(SMIS 75)has been created.The confinement system is a mirror trap with magnetic field in the plug up to 5T,variable length 15—20cm and mirror ratio 3—5.The plasma of meta...A Simple Mirror Ion Source with 75GHz pumping(SMIS 75)has been created.The confinement system is a mirror trap with magnetic field in the plug up to 5T,variable length 15—20cm and mirror ratio 3—5.The plasma of metal ions is injected into the trap by a special vacuum arc minigun.Plasma heating is performed by the microwave radiation of a gyrotron(the frequency of 75GHz,power up to 200kW,pulse duration up to 150μs).The results of the experiment have demonstrated substantial multiple ionization of metal ions.For a metal with high melting temperature(Pt),heating shifts the average ion charge from Pt^(2+) up to Pt^(7+).Maximum stripped observed ion is Pt^(10+).Total current of ion beam is about 300mA.展开更多
基金Supported by the Ministry of Science and Technological Development of the Republic Serbia and“Super-Intense Laser-Matter Interactions”-SILMI Project,European Scientific Foundation
基金supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant #11-08-00259)by the Ministry of Education and Science of theRussian Federation (state contract No. 14.740.11.1333)
文摘A new method for the generation of high charged state metal ion beams is developed. This method is based on microwave heating of vacuum arc plasma in a magnetic trap under electron cyclotron resonance （ECR） conditions. Two gyrotrons for plasma heating were used, which were with the following parameters. The first is with a wave frequency of 37.5 GHz, a pulse duration of 1 ms and power of 100 kW, another is with 75 GHz, 0.15 ms and 400 kW. Two different magnetic traps were considered for vacuum arc plasma confinement. The first one is a simple mirror trap. Such system was already investigated and could provide high charge state ions. The second trap was with a cusp magnetic field configuration with native ＂minimum-B＂ field structure. Two different ways of metal plasma injection into the magnetic trap were used. The first one is an axial injection from an arc source located out of the trap, and the second is a radial injection from four arc sources mounted at the center of the trap. Both traps provide up to 200 eMA of ion beam current for platinum ions with highest charge state 10＋. Ion beams were successfully extracted from the plasma and accelerated by a voltage of up to 20 kV.
文摘Air or inert atmosphere irradiation of liquid normal alkanes C5-C8 and benzene by electron beam was carried out. Oxidation （in the air） or isomerization （in the inert gases） of liquid normal alkanes under electron beam was shown. Action of electron beam on benzene molecules in the air or in the inert atmosphere leads to biphenyl, terphenyl and polymers. Irradiation by the bunch of electrons of mixture hexane with 10% benzene reduced to firm fractions （fullerene＇s similar structures） in a deposit.
基金carried out in Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(No.2017459)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U1737213 and 51911530114).
文摘Diamond-like carbon(DLC)films are deposited on rubber surfaces to protect the rubber components,and surface pretreatment of the rubber substrates prior to the film deposition can improve the adhesion between the DLC films and the rubber.Thus,the principal purpose of this work concentrates on determining the effects of argon(Ar),oxygen(O_(2)),nitrogen(N_(2)),and hydrogen(H_(2))plasma pretreatments on the adhesion and friction performance of the DLC films deposited on rubber(DLC/rubber).The results indicated that the Ar plasma pretreatment promoted the formation of a compact layer on the rubber surface.By contrast,massive fillers were exposed on the rubber surface after oxygen or nitrogen plasma pretreatments.Moreover,the typical micrometer-scale patches divided by random cracks were observed on the surface of DLC/rubber,except for the sample pretreated with oxygen plasma.The adhesion of DLC/rubber was found to strengthen with the removal of weak boundary layers and the generation of free radicals on the rubber surface after plasma pretreatment.The tribo-tests revealed that DLC/rubber with O_(2),N_(2),and H_(2) plasma pretreatments cannot achieve optimal friction performance.Significantly,DLC/rubber with Ar plasma pretreatment exhibited a low and stable friction coefficient of 0.19 and superior wear resistance,which was correlated to the high adhesion,good load-bearing of the rubber surface,and the approximate sine function of the surface profile of the DLC film.
文摘A Simple Mirror Ion Source with 75GHz pumping(SMIS 75)has been created.The confinement system is a mirror trap with magnetic field in the plug up to 5T,variable length 15—20cm and mirror ratio 3—5.The plasma of metal ions is injected into the trap by a special vacuum arc minigun.Plasma heating is performed by the microwave radiation of a gyrotron(the frequency of 75GHz,power up to 200kW,pulse duration up to 150μs).The results of the experiment have demonstrated substantial multiple ionization of metal ions.For a metal with high melting temperature(Pt),heating shifts the average ion charge from Pt^(2+) up to Pt^(7+).Maximum stripped observed ion is Pt^(10+).Total current of ion beam is about 300mA.
