Zinc is recognized as a vital biological element for animals and plants.Both zinc deficiency and excess will cause damage to cells,and zinc deficiency in the human body may lead to severe health problems.Zinc deficien...Zinc is recognized as a vital biological element for animals and plants.Both zinc deficiency and excess will cause damage to cells,and zinc deficiency in the human body may lead to severe health problems.Zinc deficiency has been identified as a global nutritional issue.Wheat,one of the most significant food crops for humans,is primarily planted in potentially zinc-deficient,calcareous soils in China.It proves to be a major global challenge to increase the zinc concentration in wheat crops to boost crop yields and improve human health.This study investigated the growth process of wheat in calcareous soils with various zinc concentrations using outdoor pot experiments and systematically explored the characteristics and mechanism of zinc transport in the soil-wheat system.The results indicate that the zinc concentrations in various wheat organs decreased in the order of roots,stems,and leaves in the jointing stage and in the order of seeds,roots,and stems in the mature stage.Overall,the zinc enrichment in various wheat organs decreased in the order of seeds,roots,stems,and leaves.In the case of zinc deficiency in soils,wheat roots exhibited elevated zinc availability in the rhizosphere by secreting phytosiderophores.This enhances the zinc uptake capacity of wheat roots.In the case of sufficient zinc supply from soils,chelated zinc formed with citric acid as the chelating ligand occurred stably in soils,contributing to enhanced utilization and uptake rates of zinc,along with elevated transport and enrichment capacities of zinc inside the plants.The results indicate that the zinc concentration in wheat seeds can be somewhat enhanced by regulating the background value of bioavailable zinc concentration in soils.A moderate zinc concentration gradient of 1.0 mg/kg is unfavorable for zinc accumulation in wheat seeds,while a high zinc concentration gradient of 6.0 mg/kg corresponds to the highest degree of zinc enrichment in wheat seeds.This study holds critical scientific significance for enhancing the zinc supply capacity of soils,increasing the zinc concentrations in wheat seeds,and,accordingly,addressing zinc deficiency in the human body.Additionally,this study offers a mechanistic reference and basis for research on the interplay between soils,plants,and human health.展开更多
Ten nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(nPAHs)and 4 oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(oPAHs)in fine particulate matter(PM2.5)samples from Mount Tai were analyzed during summer(June to August),2015.Duri...Ten nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(nPAHs)and 4 oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(oPAHs)in fine particulate matter(PM2.5)samples from Mount Tai were analyzed during summer(June to August),2015.During the observation campaign,themean concentration of total nPAHs and oPAHs was 31.62 pg/m^(3)and 0.15 ng/m^(3),respectively.Two of the monitored compounds,namely 9-nitro-anthracene(9N-ANT)(6.86 pg/m^(3))and 9-fluorenone(9FO)(0.05 ng/m^(3))were the predominant compounds of nPAHs and oPAHs,respectively.The potential source and long-range transportation of nPAHs and oPAHs were investigated by the positive matrix factorization(PMF)method and the potential source contribution function(PSCF)methods.The results revealed that biomass/coal burning,gasoline vehicle emission,diesel vehicle emission and secondary formation were the dominant sources of nPAHs and oPAHs,which were mainly from Henan province and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and Bohai sea.The incremental life cancer risk(ILCR)values were calculated to evaluate the exposure risk of nPAHs and oPAHs for three group people(infant,children and adult),and the values of ILCR were 7.02×10^(−10),3.49×10^(−9)and 1.41×10^(−8)for infant,children and adults,respectively.All these values were lower than the standard of EPA(Environmental Protection Agency)(<10−6),indicating acceptable health risk of nPAHs and oPAHs.展开更多
As an exogenous pollutant,the microplastics accumulated in soil could alter microbial activity.The use of plastic mulch in greenhouse vegetable planting not only enhances vegetable yield and quality,but also leads to ...As an exogenous pollutant,the microplastics accumulated in soil could alter microbial activity.The use of plastic mulch in greenhouse vegetable planting not only enhances vegetable yield and quality,but also leads to the formation and accumulation of microplastics in the soil over time.It is essential to determine the characteristics of microplastics and microorganisms in soils with varying years of planting is crucial for ensuring vegetable quality and quantity.Therefore,this study investigated the abundance and par-ticle size of microplastics,the concentration of phthalates(PAEs),and the dynamics of soil microbial activity in greenhouse soils with different planting years(5,10,15,20,25,and 30 years).Results showed that microplastics increased in abundance,particle size,and PAEs concentration as planting years pro-gressed.Specifically,the abundance of microplastics rose from 70.0±8.7 to 224.0±10.4 items/kg,with the proportion of microplastics sized 0-2 mm increasing from 14.02 to 69.11%,and the total PAEs concentration in the soil escalating from 0.31 to 1.89 mg/kg.Additionally,Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria levels increased,correlating with organic matter degradation.Metabolic pathway linked to degradation were enriched according to KEGG analysis.Correlation analysis revealed that microplastics notably decreased soil pH,creating an acidic environment that boosted urease activity and the relative abun-dance of Nitrospirae.This study sheds light on the accumulation characteristics of microplastics and their impact on soil microbial activity following prolonged planting.展开更多
基金supported by a general project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42272346)a project initiated by the China Geological Survey(DD20230101).
文摘Zinc is recognized as a vital biological element for animals and plants.Both zinc deficiency and excess will cause damage to cells,and zinc deficiency in the human body may lead to severe health problems.Zinc deficiency has been identified as a global nutritional issue.Wheat,one of the most significant food crops for humans,is primarily planted in potentially zinc-deficient,calcareous soils in China.It proves to be a major global challenge to increase the zinc concentration in wheat crops to boost crop yields and improve human health.This study investigated the growth process of wheat in calcareous soils with various zinc concentrations using outdoor pot experiments and systematically explored the characteristics and mechanism of zinc transport in the soil-wheat system.The results indicate that the zinc concentrations in various wheat organs decreased in the order of roots,stems,and leaves in the jointing stage and in the order of seeds,roots,and stems in the mature stage.Overall,the zinc enrichment in various wheat organs decreased in the order of seeds,roots,stems,and leaves.In the case of zinc deficiency in soils,wheat roots exhibited elevated zinc availability in the rhizosphere by secreting phytosiderophores.This enhances the zinc uptake capacity of wheat roots.In the case of sufficient zinc supply from soils,chelated zinc formed with citric acid as the chelating ligand occurred stably in soils,contributing to enhanced utilization and uptake rates of zinc,along with elevated transport and enrichment capacities of zinc inside the plants.The results indicate that the zinc concentration in wheat seeds can be somewhat enhanced by regulating the background value of bioavailable zinc concentration in soils.A moderate zinc concentration gradient of 1.0 mg/kg is unfavorable for zinc accumulation in wheat seeds,while a high zinc concentration gradient of 6.0 mg/kg corresponds to the highest degree of zinc enrichment in wheat seeds.This study holds critical scientific significance for enhancing the zinc supply capacity of soils,increasing the zinc concentrations in wheat seeds,and,accordingly,addressing zinc deficiency in the human body.Additionally,this study offers a mechanistic reference and basis for research on the interplay between soils,plants,and human health.
基金supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2020M670667)the Tianjin Municipal Education Commission Research Project(No.2017KJ244)+1 种基金the Key Research and Development Plan of Tianjin(No.18YFZCSF01400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41701579,21806158).
文摘Ten nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(nPAHs)and 4 oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(oPAHs)in fine particulate matter(PM2.5)samples from Mount Tai were analyzed during summer(June to August),2015.During the observation campaign,themean concentration of total nPAHs and oPAHs was 31.62 pg/m^(3)and 0.15 ng/m^(3),respectively.Two of the monitored compounds,namely 9-nitro-anthracene(9N-ANT)(6.86 pg/m^(3))and 9-fluorenone(9FO)(0.05 ng/m^(3))were the predominant compounds of nPAHs and oPAHs,respectively.The potential source and long-range transportation of nPAHs and oPAHs were investigated by the positive matrix factorization(PMF)method and the potential source contribution function(PSCF)methods.The results revealed that biomass/coal burning,gasoline vehicle emission,diesel vehicle emission and secondary formation were the dominant sources of nPAHs and oPAHs,which were mainly from Henan province and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and Bohai sea.The incremental life cancer risk(ILCR)values were calculated to evaluate the exposure risk of nPAHs and oPAHs for three group people(infant,children and adult),and the values of ILCR were 7.02×10^(−10),3.49×10^(−9)and 1.41×10^(−8)for infant,children and adults,respectively.All these values were lower than the standard of EPA(Environmental Protection Agency)(<10−6),indicating acceptable health risk of nPAHs and oPAHs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42077369)the Hebei Natural Science Foundation(D2019201332,19244010D,22327301D)Research Innovation Team of College of Chemistry and Environmental Science of Hebei University(hxkytd-py2104).
文摘As an exogenous pollutant,the microplastics accumulated in soil could alter microbial activity.The use of plastic mulch in greenhouse vegetable planting not only enhances vegetable yield and quality,but also leads to the formation and accumulation of microplastics in the soil over time.It is essential to determine the characteristics of microplastics and microorganisms in soils with varying years of planting is crucial for ensuring vegetable quality and quantity.Therefore,this study investigated the abundance and par-ticle size of microplastics,the concentration of phthalates(PAEs),and the dynamics of soil microbial activity in greenhouse soils with different planting years(5,10,15,20,25,and 30 years).Results showed that microplastics increased in abundance,particle size,and PAEs concentration as planting years pro-gressed.Specifically,the abundance of microplastics rose from 70.0±8.7 to 224.0±10.4 items/kg,with the proportion of microplastics sized 0-2 mm increasing from 14.02 to 69.11%,and the total PAEs concentration in the soil escalating from 0.31 to 1.89 mg/kg.Additionally,Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria levels increased,correlating with organic matter degradation.Metabolic pathway linked to degradation were enriched according to KEGG analysis.Correlation analysis revealed that microplastics notably decreased soil pH,creating an acidic environment that boosted urease activity and the relative abun-dance of Nitrospirae.This study sheds light on the accumulation characteristics of microplastics and their impact on soil microbial activity following prolonged planting.
