AIM To assess liver fibrosis(LF)in hepatitis C virus(HCV)and alcoholic liver disease(ALD),estimate health outcomes and costs of new noninvasive testing strategies METHODS A Markov model was developed to simulate LF pr...AIM To assess liver fibrosis(LF)in hepatitis C virus(HCV)and alcoholic liver disease(ALD),estimate health outcomes and costs of new noninvasive testing strategies METHODS A Markov model was developed to simulate LF progression in HCV and ALD for a cohort of 40-yearold men with abnormal levels of transaminases.Three different testing alternatives were studied:a single liver biopsy;annual Enhanced liver fibrosis(ELF?)followed by liver stiffness measurement(LSM)imaging as a confirmation test if the ELF test is positive;and annual ELF test without LSM.The analysis was performed from the perspective of a university hospital in Spain.Clinical data were obtained from published literature.Costs were sourced from administrative databases of the hospital.Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed.RESULTS In HCV patients,annual sequential ELF test/LSM and annual ELF test alone prevented respectively 12.9 and 13.3 liver fibrosis-related deaths per 100 persons tested,compared to biopsy.The incremental costeffectiveness ratios(ICERs)were respectively€13400 and€11500 per quality-adjusted life year(QALY).In ALD,fibrosis-related deaths decreased by 11.7 and 22.1 per 100 persons tested respectively with sequential ELF test/LSM and annual ELF test alone.ICERs were€280 and€190 per QALY,respectively.CONCLUSION The use of the ELF test with or without a confirmation LSM are cost-effective options compared to a single liver biopsy for testing liver fibrosis in HCV and ALD patients in Spain.展开更多
Purpose Basketball is a high-intensity team sport that requires speed and multidirectional movements,in addition to robustly training energy systems.Thus,this study aims to provide descriptive data on the physical,phy...Purpose Basketball is a high-intensity team sport that requires speed and multidirectional movements,in addition to robustly training energy systems.Thus,this study aims to provide descriptive data on the physical,physiological,and neuromuscular characteristics in elite female basketball players according to athletes'positions on the court.Methods Eighteen elite female athletes(25.7±4.4 years old)from the elite Brazilian female basketball team participated in this study.On the first day,multiple laboratory and field tests were performed during a training camp,including body composition,vertical jumps,isokinetic strength,and running cardiopulmonary exercise testing(CPET).On the subsequent day,a repeated-sprint ability test was performed on an official basketball court.One-way ANOVA followed by post hoc tests was used for statistical analysis.The significance level was set for the P<0.05 for all analyses.Results There were significant differences in the physical and performance characteristics between positions.Centers,relative to guards and forwards,were significantly(P≤0.03 for all)heavier(17%-25%),taller(6%-12%),had greater fat percentage(22%-28%),lower VO_(2max)(21%-26%),higher quadriceps peak torque(17%-30%),lower jump height(27%-58%),less peak force(15%-48%),and lower speed(peak and acceleration)in the repeated sprints.Conclusion Overall,physical capacities were able to discriminate athletes'court positions in elite female basketball,as many variables regarding body composition,cardiorespiratory fitness,neuromuscular and repeated-sprint performance displayed medium-to-large effects size.In general,Guards showed to be lighter,shorter,and fitter than their counterparts.Moreover,they presented better neuromuscular performance(isokinetic knee strength,jump,and repeated-sprint ability performance).展开更多
基金Supported by Siemens.Marcelo Soto received financial support from Plataforma ITEMAS PT13/0006/0009(FCRB PI043029,partially)
文摘AIM To assess liver fibrosis(LF)in hepatitis C virus(HCV)and alcoholic liver disease(ALD),estimate health outcomes and costs of new noninvasive testing strategies METHODS A Markov model was developed to simulate LF progression in HCV and ALD for a cohort of 40-yearold men with abnormal levels of transaminases.Three different testing alternatives were studied:a single liver biopsy;annual Enhanced liver fibrosis(ELF?)followed by liver stiffness measurement(LSM)imaging as a confirmation test if the ELF test is positive;and annual ELF test without LSM.The analysis was performed from the perspective of a university hospital in Spain.Clinical data were obtained from published literature.Costs were sourced from administrative databases of the hospital.Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed.RESULTS In HCV patients,annual sequential ELF test/LSM and annual ELF test alone prevented respectively 12.9 and 13.3 liver fibrosis-related deaths per 100 persons tested,compared to biopsy.The incremental costeffectiveness ratios(ICERs)were respectively€13400 and€11500 per quality-adjusted life year(QALY).In ALD,fibrosis-related deaths decreased by 11.7 and 22.1 per 100 persons tested respectively with sequential ELF test/LSM and annual ELF test alone.ICERs were€280 and€190 per QALY,respectively.CONCLUSION The use of the ELF test with or without a confirmation LSM are cost-effective options compared to a single liver biopsy for testing liver fibrosis in HCV and ALD patients in Spain.
基金approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Rio de Janeiro Municipal Health Secretariat(n°96949518.1.0000.5279)conducted following the Declaration of Helsinki(revision of 2013).
文摘Purpose Basketball is a high-intensity team sport that requires speed and multidirectional movements,in addition to robustly training energy systems.Thus,this study aims to provide descriptive data on the physical,physiological,and neuromuscular characteristics in elite female basketball players according to athletes'positions on the court.Methods Eighteen elite female athletes(25.7±4.4 years old)from the elite Brazilian female basketball team participated in this study.On the first day,multiple laboratory and field tests were performed during a training camp,including body composition,vertical jumps,isokinetic strength,and running cardiopulmonary exercise testing(CPET).On the subsequent day,a repeated-sprint ability test was performed on an official basketball court.One-way ANOVA followed by post hoc tests was used for statistical analysis.The significance level was set for the P<0.05 for all analyses.Results There were significant differences in the physical and performance characteristics between positions.Centers,relative to guards and forwards,were significantly(P≤0.03 for all)heavier(17%-25%),taller(6%-12%),had greater fat percentage(22%-28%),lower VO_(2max)(21%-26%),higher quadriceps peak torque(17%-30%),lower jump height(27%-58%),less peak force(15%-48%),and lower speed(peak and acceleration)in the repeated sprints.Conclusion Overall,physical capacities were able to discriminate athletes'court positions in elite female basketball,as many variables regarding body composition,cardiorespiratory fitness,neuromuscular and repeated-sprint performance displayed medium-to-large effects size.In general,Guards showed to be lighter,shorter,and fitter than their counterparts.Moreover,they presented better neuromuscular performance(isokinetic knee strength,jump,and repeated-sprint ability performance).
