Background Major depressive disorders(MDDs)impose substantial burdens on individuals and society;however,further detailed analysis is still needed for its long-term trends.Aims This study aimed to analyse the gender-s...Background Major depressive disorders(MDDs)impose substantial burdens on individuals and society;however,further detailed analysis is still needed for its long-term trends.Aims This study aimed to analyse the gender-specific temporal trends and cohort variations of MDD incidence among Chinese residents over the past three decades.Methods Employing the age-period-cohort-interaction model and leveraging data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019,this research identified and analysed incidence trends of MDD among Chinese males and females aged 5-94 years from 1990 to 2019 across three dimensions,encompassing age,period and birth cohort.Results The analysis reveals age-related effects,indicating heightened MDD risk among adolescents and older adults.Specifically,individuals entering the older adulthood at the age of 65-69 significantly increased the risk of MDD by 64.9%.People aged 90-94 years witnesseda 105.4%increase in MDD risk for the overall population,with females and males in this age group experiencing a 75.1%and 103.4%increase,respectively.In terms of period effects,the risk of MDD displayed a decline from 1990 to 1994,followed by a rebound in 2008.Cohort effects demonstrated diverse generational patterns,with generationⅠand generationⅢmanifesting opposing‘age-as-level'trends.GenerationⅡand generationⅣexhibited'cumulative disadvantage'and'cumulative advantage'patterns,respectively.Age effects indicated an overall higher risk of MDD incidence in females,while cohort effects showed greater variations of MDD incidence among females.Conclusions The study underscores the substantial effects of age,period and cohort on MDD across genders in China.Priority interventions targeting vulnerable populations,including children,adolescents,older adults,females and the post-millennium birth cohort,are crucial to mitigate the impact of MDD.展开更多
Introduction:As China’s population rapidly ages,concerns have emerged about whether increased longevity among older adults is accompanied by improvements in health status.Methods:This study analyzed data from the 201...Introduction:As China’s population rapidly ages,concerns have emerged about whether increased longevity among older adults is accompanied by improvements in health status.Methods:This study analyzed data from the 2010 and 2020 Chinese censuses to estimate healthy life expectancy(HLE)at age 60 and examined changes in urban-rural disparities and their driving factors.We applied the Sullivan method to estimate gender-and residence-specific HLE,while using the continuous change decomposition method to analyze how mortality and health status contributed to urban-rural differences.Results:Between 2010 and 2020,both the absolute years of HLE and its proportion of total life expectancy increased,with the urban-rural gap narrowing over time.However,the primary driver of urban-rural HLE disparities has shifted from mortality levels to health status,a pattern more pronounced among men.Decomposition analysis further reveals that compared to 2010,the key age groups contributing to urbanrural HLE disparities in 2020 have shifted to older ages,reflecting a transition in health inequalities as the population ages.These findings suggest that while HLE among China’s older population has improved,the nature of health inequalities is evolving.Conclusions:Future public health policies should place greater emphasis on addressing non-fatal health conditions,particularly in rural areas and among the oldest-old,by improving the accessibility and quality of health services to promote healthy aging and reduce urban-rural health disparities.展开更多
Nanoparticles are increasingly being recognized for their potential utility in biological applications including nanomedicine.Here,we have synthesized zinc oxide(ZnO)nanorods using zinc acetate and hexamethylenetetram...Nanoparticles are increasingly being recognized for their potential utility in biological applications including nanomedicine.Here,we have synthesized zinc oxide(ZnO)nanorods using zinc acetate and hexamethylenetetramine as precursors followed by characterizing using X-ray diffraction,fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.The growth of synthesized zinc oxide nanorods was found to be very close to its hexagonal nature,which is confirmed by X-ray diffraction.The nanorod was grown perpendicular to the long-axis and grew along the[001]direction,which is the nature of ZnO growth.The morphology of synthesized ZnO nanorods from the individual crystalline nucleus was confirmed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy.The length of the nanorod was estimated to be around 21 nm in diameter and 50 nm in length.Our toxicology studies showed that synthesized ZnO nanorods exposure on hela cells has no significant induction of oxidative stress or cell death even in higher concentration(10μg/ml).The results suggest that ZnO nanorods might be a safer nanomaterial for biological applications.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the association between socioeconomic status(SES) and visual disability(VD) among older Chinese adults. METHODS: We obtained data from the Second National Sample Survey on Disability, conducted in ...AIM: To investigate the association between socioeconomic status(SES) and visual disability(VD) among older Chinese adults. METHODS: We obtained data from the Second National Sample Survey on Disability, conducted in China in 2006. A total number of 192 375 older adults(aged≥65 y) were screened for suspected VD via interviews with trained examiners. Those who screened positively for VD were referred to ophthalmologists to obtain a final diagnosis. RESULTS: VD was prevalent among 7.29% of Chinese adults aged 65 and older, and was higher in rural areas(8.71%) than in urban areas(4.82%). After adjusting for SES indicators and covariates, we found that lesseducated older adults were more likely to suffer from VD, with an odds ratio(OR) of 2.50(95%CI: 2.26-2.82) for illiterates, compared with those who graduated from senior high school or above. Older adults who were in the lowest income quintile were more at risk of VD, with an OR of 1.81(95%CI: 1.68-2.95), compared with adults in the highest income quintile. In urban areas, when compared with adults who graduated from senior high school or above, those who did not continue their education after junior high school, primary school, or those who were illiterate, were more likely to suffer from VD, with an OR of 1.35(95%CI: 1.51-1.59), 1.84(95%CI: 1.60-2.12), and 2.63(95%CI: 2.27-3.04), respectively. Lower levels of income were statistically significant when associated with VD. In rural areas, adults who were illiterate had an OR of 2.21(95%CI:1.75-2.79) when compared to adults with senior high school or above education level. Per capita, household income remained significantly associated with VD. Older adults who were ≥85, female, single, and residing in rural areas were associated with higher risks of VD. CONCLUSION: Individual-level SES among the elderly, in the form of education and income, is associated with VD among elderly Chinese adults in both urban and rural areas; however, the association is stronger in rural areas. Further studies are still required to explore the mechanism behind the relationships.展开更多
Background Adverse childhood experiences(ACEs)and dementia are associated and comorbid with obesity.However,according to emerging research,the role of obesity in the association between ACEs and dementia seems controv...Background Adverse childhood experiences(ACEs)and dementia are associated and comorbid with obesity.However,according to emerging research,the role of obesity in the association between ACEs and dementia seems controversial.Aims This analysis aimed to explore the associations between ACEs and different dementia subtypes and the effect modification of long-term body mass index(BMI).Methods Data were obtained from the US Health and Retirement Study.Six ACEs were categorised as 0,1 and 2 or more.All-cause dementia,Alzheimer’s disease(AD)and other dementias were defined by self-reported or proxy-reported physician diagnosis.Cox proportional hazards regression was used to explore the associations of ACEs with new-onset all-cause dementia,AD and other dementias from 2010 to 2020.Effect modification of BMI in 2010 and BMI transition and trajectory(fitted by group-based trajectory modelling)from 2004 to 2010 were assessed.Results 15282 participants with a mean age of 67.0 years(58.0–75.0)were included in the 2010 data analysis.Significant interactions of ACEs with baseline BMI,BMI transition and BMI trajectory in their associations with new-onset all-cause dementia and AD were observed(all p<0.05).For instance,positive associations of two or more ACEs(vs none)with all-cause dementia and AD were found in those with a BMI trajectory of maintaining≥30 kg/m2(maintain obesity)rather than a decline to or maintaining<25 kg/m2(decline to or maintain normal weight),with hazard ratios(HRs)of 1.87(95%confidence interval(CI):1.45 to 2.42)and 1.85(95%CI:1.22 to 2.80),respectively.Conclusions ACEs were associated with dementia and AD in US adults with long-term abnormally elevated BMI but not with long-term normal or decreasing BMI.Integrated weight management throughout life could prevent dementia among those with childhood adversity.展开更多
We are witnessing a global demographic shift towards an aging society,driven by significant improvements in life expectancy.Over the past two decades,the average life expectancy has increased by more than 6 years from...We are witnessing a global demographic shift towards an aging society,driven by significant improvements in life expectancy.Over the past two decades,the average life expectancy has increased by more than 6 years from 66.8 years in 2000 to73.3 years in 2019,and is projected to reach 74.6 years by 2030[1].展开更多
China faces the dual challenge of population aging and rising disability rates,creating an“aging-disability overlap”that places unprecedented pressure on the nation’s healthcare system.This paper analyzes the compl...China faces the dual challenge of population aging and rising disability rates,creating an“aging-disability overlap”that places unprecedented pressure on the nation’s healthcare system.This paper analyzes the complex mechanisms underlying the intersection of aging and disability,revealing that chronic and degenerative diseases are primary contributors to disability among older adults,with disability rates significantly increasing with age and comorbidities.Despite China’s implementation of long-term care insurance pilot programs and community-based elderly care services,multiple challenges persist:insufficient financing sustainability,inconsistent assessment standards,regional development imbalances,professional talent shortages,and social-cultural prejudices.In response,this paper proposes a comprehensive strategy framework aligned with“Healthy China 2030”’s goals of strengthening disability prevention and early intervention mechanisms;enhancing long-term care services with diversified security systems;fostering professional talent development in geriatric and rehabilitation medicine;promoting research and application of intelligent assistive technologies;and creating barrierfree communities within an inclusive social environment.Through these coordinated approaches,we aim to improve the quality of life for older adults with disabilities and facilitate dignified and highquality healthy aging.展开更多
Introduction:Diabetes,if not treated well,can result in severe clinical complications and physical limitation.This study investigates gaps in the Cascade of Care(CoC)for diabetes among individuals aged 45 and older in...Introduction:Diabetes,if not treated well,can result in severe clinical complications and physical limitation.This study investigates gaps in the Cascade of Care(CoC)for diabetes among individuals aged 45 and older in China and its association with the risk of functional limitations.Methods:Using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)from 2011 to 2020,the study analyzes the association between CoC and limitations in activities of daily living(ADL)and instrumental activities of daily living(IADL)through generalized estimating equations and Cox proportional hazards models.The CoC for diabetes consisted of five stages.Results:The largest gap was found in the awareness stage(59.6%),while smaller gaps were observed in the transition from awareness to treatment(13.8%)and treatment-to-control(9.0%).Compared to individuals without diabetes,those in stages 1,2,and 3 of the CoC had a significantly higher risk of ADL/IADL limitation,with stage 3 having the most pronounced impact.Conclusions:The findings highlight poor diabetes management in China,especially in awareness and treatment stages,and show that low awareness,treatment,and glycemic control are linked to higher future risk of functional limitations.Early diagnosis and effective diabetes management are crucial to reducing these risks.展开更多
Summary What is already known about this topic?As the largest country in the world,China experienced a demographic transition at a historic scale during the past 50 years with extraordinarily associated changes in the...Summary What is already known about this topic?As the largest country in the world,China experienced a demographic transition at a historic scale during the past 50 years with extraordinarily associated changes in the age structure of the population,declining fertility rates,accelerating process of population aging,and growing population scale.展开更多
What is already known about this topic?Along with the quick change of society and health transformation,as well as the continued expansion of urbanization,the health risk and its variation of migrants in China would b...What is already known about this topic?Along with the quick change of society and health transformation,as well as the continued expansion of urbanization,the health risk and its variation of migrants in China would became more complicated.What is added by this report?Although a decreasing net migration flow trend was presented from 2015 to 2050,an increasing pace of aging and younger-age trend of migrants would pose serious challenges for population health in China.Deepening aging trend of migrants contributes to the increment of the disease burden of non-communicable diseases(NCDs)and disabilities,and the upward trend of young-age migrant patients with infectious diseases remain a threat to the future intervention and prevention of infectious diseases.What are the implications for public health practice?Health policies to eliminate the adverse effects of migration on population health should pay more attention to meet the health care demands of highly vulnerable migrant populations,such as very older and very young migrants.展开更多
What is already known about this topic?In the context of rapid population ageing and over represented disabilities among the elderly,healthcare services for the elderly persons with disabilities are one of the most ur...What is already known about this topic?In the context of rapid population ageing and over represented disabilities among the elderly,healthcare services for the elderly persons with disabilities are one of the most urgent and important population and public health issues.Previous studies indicated that the weighted prevalence rate of lifetime healthcare service use was 36.6%(95%CI:35.6–37.5)among persons with disabilities aged 60 years and above in 2006.What is added by this report?We found that the lifetime utilization rate of auxiliary aids among elderly with disabilities increased significantly from 4.96%in 1987 to 9.07%in 2006(ptrend<0.001),and the utilization rate of healthcare service in the last 12 months increased significantly from 18.6%in 2007 to 56.9%in 2014(ptrend<0.001)among total elderly with disabilities.What are the implications for public health practice?The arduous achievement indicated the success of social,economic,and medical reforms as well as health equity improvement of China.However,more sound policies and action are needed to further reduce the unmet needs in healthcare services.展开更多
What is already known about this topic?Chronic disease multimorbidity is prevalent among older Chinese people,seriously affecting their wellbeing and quality of life.What is added by this report?This study estimated t...What is already known about this topic?Chronic disease multimorbidity is prevalent among older Chinese people,seriously affecting their wellbeing and quality of life.What is added by this report?This study estimated the impact of multimorbidity on the risk of health state transitions and health expectancy among older adults in China.It used population-representative,long-term longitudinal data and multi-state Markov modeling along with microsimulation methods.What are the implications for public health practice?The study results suggest that the Chinese government should strengthen the prevention and management of multimorbidity and accelerate the transition from chronic disease management to multimorbidity management.展开更多
What is already known about this topic?Infertility represents a significant global public health concern,impacting approximately 15%of couples of reproductive age worldwide.Despite this,data on infertility prevalence ...What is already known about this topic?Infertility represents a significant global public health concern,impacting approximately 15%of couples of reproductive age worldwide.Despite this,data on infertility prevalence in the demographically diverse Asia-Pacific region remains sparse.What is added by this report?This study examines the trends and distribution of infertility in the Asia-Pacific region from 1990 to 2021,revealing a significant increase in female infertility.The growth rate of secondary infertility has exceeded that of primary infertility.Additionally,an increase in the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)may be a significant contributor.The research also highlights geographical variations in the prevalence and trends of infertility across different countries.What are the implications for public health practice?The findings emphasize the significance of sexual and reproductive health services and rights in safeguarding fertility.展开更多
In 2024,the world commemorates the 30th anniversary of the landmark 1994 International Conference on Population and Development(ICPD)in Cairo.The ICPD Programme of Action,established at the conference,prioritized indi...In 2024,the world commemorates the 30th anniversary of the landmark 1994 International Conference on Population and Development(ICPD)in Cairo.The ICPD Programme of Action,established at the conference,prioritized individual well-being in development and committed to enhancing health,rights,and choices for all.As we mark this milestone,accelerating efforts and investments is imperative to fulfill these promises and translate them into tangible outcomes(1).展开更多
Population aging has become a global concern in population development.Challenges to good health in older ages are more complex than at any other age and require a comprehensive framework to move the science of aging ...Population aging has become a global concern in population development.Challenges to good health in older ages are more complex than at any other age and require a comprehensive framework to move the science of aging and health forward.In this paper,we describe an advanced and evolving conceptual framework that includes definitions,goals,disciplines,and a scope of human aging omics(HAO)based on theories and methods of omics science.The development of HAO will bring a paradigm shift in research related to aging and health by systematic identification,characterization,and quantification of all sets of health conditions and their complex relationships with the internal biomolecules and the external environment in the whole aging process of human beings from birth to death throughout the lifespan.展开更多
What is already known about this topic?The World Health Organization set a 2030 target of 70%cervical cancer screening coverage for women aged 35–45 years.Coverage stood at 37%in China in 2015.What is added by this r...What is already known about this topic?The World Health Organization set a 2030 target of 70%cervical cancer screening coverage for women aged 35–45 years.Coverage stood at 37%in China in 2015.What is added by this report?In 2018–2019,China’s cervical cancer screening coverage reached 43.4%in women aged 35–44 years and 36.8%in women aged 35–64 years.Screening coverage was still lower in rural areas as well as central and western regions;large variations existed across provincial-level administrative divisions.What are the implications for public health practice?National and local policy and financial support should be maintained for cervical cancer screening,along with more targeted health education and outreach efforts and strengthened accessibility of health services in the rural areas and central and western regions.展开更多
In China,there has been a significant transition in mortality trends,shifting from infectious diseases to non-communicable diseases(NCDs)over the last forty years.This shift has been primarily influenced by risk facto...In China,there has been a significant transition in mortality trends,shifting from infectious diseases to non-communicable diseases(NCDs)over the last forty years.This shift has been primarily influenced by risk factors such as smoking,poor diet,and physical inactivity.Notably,cardiovascular diseases(CVD),cancers,chronic respiratory disorders(CRD),and diabetes have emerged as leading causes of death.Moreover,injuries,particularly road accidents and falls among older adults,also contribute significantly to the disease burden.Given the increasing aging population,there is a growing concern regarding age-related conditions and falls.To effectively address these challenges,China must prioritize chronic disease prevention throughout the lifespan and strengthen primary healthcare capabilities.展开更多
Summary What is already known on this topic?Diverse social factors such as economic development,policy,culture,and special historical events could affect population fertility directly.At present,the influence of socia...Summary What is already known on this topic?Diverse social factors such as economic development,policy,culture,and special historical events could affect population fertility directly.At present,the influence of social factors on fertility is still controversial.With the diversification of population characteristics,the crossgroup robustness of the classical theories and research conclusions are broken.展开更多
The 33rd World Population Day focuses on the theme,“A World of 8 Billion:Toward a Resilient Future for All—Harnessing Opportunities and Ensuring Rights and Choices for All.”As the global population approaches 8 bil...The 33rd World Population Day focuses on the theme,“A World of 8 Billion:Toward a Resilient Future for All—Harnessing Opportunities and Ensuring Rights and Choices for All.”As the global population approaches 8 billion,the United Nations urges individuals to consider the implications for the future.The life course paradigm emphasizes that past,present,and future experiences are interconnected and mutually reinforcing,with individuals’expectations and confidence in the future being influenced by previous and current behaviors and serving as important determinants of current decision-making(1).展开更多
Summary What is already known about this topic?Meningitis,a life-threatening disease,presents a significant public health challenge.Its rate of progress in burden reduction notably lags behind other diseases that can ...Summary What is already known about this topic?Meningitis,a life-threatening disease,presents a significant public health challenge.Its rate of progress in burden reduction notably lags behind other diseases that can be prevented through vaccination.What is added by this report?This research explored the changes in the mortality rate of meningitis in China over a span of 35 years.The study further identified the effects of age,period,and cohort on the mortality trends.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 82103955)the Cyrus Tang Foundation(grant number 050459)the Clinical Medicine Plus X-Young Scholars Project,Peking University,the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(grant number 7100604313).
文摘Background Major depressive disorders(MDDs)impose substantial burdens on individuals and society;however,further detailed analysis is still needed for its long-term trends.Aims This study aimed to analyse the gender-specific temporal trends and cohort variations of MDD incidence among Chinese residents over the past three decades.Methods Employing the age-period-cohort-interaction model and leveraging data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019,this research identified and analysed incidence trends of MDD among Chinese males and females aged 5-94 years from 1990 to 2019 across three dimensions,encompassing age,period and birth cohort.Results The analysis reveals age-related effects,indicating heightened MDD risk among adolescents and older adults.Specifically,individuals entering the older adulthood at the age of 65-69 significantly increased the risk of MDD by 64.9%.People aged 90-94 years witnesseda 105.4%increase in MDD risk for the overall population,with females and males in this age group experiencing a 75.1%and 103.4%increase,respectively.In terms of period effects,the risk of MDD displayed a decline from 1990 to 1994,followed by a rebound in 2008.Cohort effects demonstrated diverse generational patterns,with generationⅠand generationⅢmanifesting opposing‘age-as-level'trends.GenerationⅡand generationⅣexhibited'cumulative disadvantage'and'cumulative advantage'patterns,respectively.Age effects indicated an overall higher risk of MDD incidence in females,while cohort effects showed greater variations of MDD incidence among females.Conclusions The study underscores the substantial effects of age,period and cohort on MDD across genders in China.Priority interventions targeting vulnerable populations,including children,adolescents,older adults,females and the post-millennium birth cohort,are crucial to mitigate the impact of MDD.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC3600800)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2024M760259)+1 种基金the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(GZC20240155,GZC20240134)the Beijing Social Science Fund(20SRC029).
文摘Introduction:As China’s population rapidly ages,concerns have emerged about whether increased longevity among older adults is accompanied by improvements in health status.Methods:This study analyzed data from the 2010 and 2020 Chinese censuses to estimate healthy life expectancy(HLE)at age 60 and examined changes in urban-rural disparities and their driving factors.We applied the Sullivan method to estimate gender-and residence-specific HLE,while using the continuous change decomposition method to analyze how mortality and health status contributed to urban-rural differences.Results:Between 2010 and 2020,both the absolute years of HLE and its proportion of total life expectancy increased,with the urban-rural gap narrowing over time.However,the primary driver of urban-rural HLE disparities has shifted from mortality levels to health status,a pattern more pronounced among men.Decomposition analysis further reveals that compared to 2010,the key age groups contributing to urbanrural HLE disparities in 2020 have shifted to older ages,reflecting a transition in health inequalities as the population ages.These findings suggest that while HLE among China’s older population has improved,the nature of health inequalities is evolving.Conclusions:Future public health policies should place greater emphasis on addressing non-fatal health conditions,particularly in rural areas and among the oldest-old,by improving the accessibility and quality of health services to promote healthy aging and reduce urban-rural health disparities.
基金supported by NASA funding NNX08BA47ANCC-1-02038+1 种基金NIH-1P20MD001822-1NSF(RISE)HRD-0734846
文摘Nanoparticles are increasingly being recognized for their potential utility in biological applications including nanomedicine.Here,we have synthesized zinc oxide(ZnO)nanorods using zinc acetate and hexamethylenetetramine as precursors followed by characterizing using X-ray diffraction,fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.The growth of synthesized zinc oxide nanorods was found to be very close to its hexagonal nature,which is confirmed by X-ray diffraction.The nanorod was grown perpendicular to the long-axis and grew along the[001]direction,which is the nature of ZnO growth.The morphology of synthesized ZnO nanorods from the individual crystalline nucleus was confirmed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy.The length of the nanorod was estimated to be around 21 nm in diameter and 50 nm in length.Our toxicology studies showed that synthesized ZnO nanorods exposure on hela cells has no significant induction of oxidative stress or cell death even in higher concentration(10μg/ml).The results suggest that ZnO nanorods might be a safer nanomaterial for biological applications.
文摘AIM: To investigate the association between socioeconomic status(SES) and visual disability(VD) among older Chinese adults. METHODS: We obtained data from the Second National Sample Survey on Disability, conducted in China in 2006. A total number of 192 375 older adults(aged≥65 y) were screened for suspected VD via interviews with trained examiners. Those who screened positively for VD were referred to ophthalmologists to obtain a final diagnosis. RESULTS: VD was prevalent among 7.29% of Chinese adults aged 65 and older, and was higher in rural areas(8.71%) than in urban areas(4.82%). After adjusting for SES indicators and covariates, we found that lesseducated older adults were more likely to suffer from VD, with an odds ratio(OR) of 2.50(95%CI: 2.26-2.82) for illiterates, compared with those who graduated from senior high school or above. Older adults who were in the lowest income quintile were more at risk of VD, with an OR of 1.81(95%CI: 1.68-2.95), compared with adults in the highest income quintile. In urban areas, when compared with adults who graduated from senior high school or above, those who did not continue their education after junior high school, primary school, or those who were illiterate, were more likely to suffer from VD, with an OR of 1.35(95%CI: 1.51-1.59), 1.84(95%CI: 1.60-2.12), and 2.63(95%CI: 2.27-3.04), respectively. Lower levels of income were statistically significant when associated with VD. In rural areas, adults who were illiterate had an OR of 2.21(95%CI:1.75-2.79) when compared to adults with senior high school or above education level. Per capita, household income remained significantly associated with VD. Older adults who were ≥85, female, single, and residing in rural areas were associated with higher risks of VD. CONCLUSION: Individual-level SES among the elderly, in the form of education and income, is associated with VD among elderly Chinese adults in both urban and rural areas; however, the association is stronger in rural areas. Further studies are still required to explore the mechanism behind the relationships.
基金This study is funded by the Major Program of the National Social Science Foundation of China(21ZDA107).
文摘Background Adverse childhood experiences(ACEs)and dementia are associated and comorbid with obesity.However,according to emerging research,the role of obesity in the association between ACEs and dementia seems controversial.Aims This analysis aimed to explore the associations between ACEs and different dementia subtypes and the effect modification of long-term body mass index(BMI).Methods Data were obtained from the US Health and Retirement Study.Six ACEs were categorised as 0,1 and 2 or more.All-cause dementia,Alzheimer’s disease(AD)and other dementias were defined by self-reported or proxy-reported physician diagnosis.Cox proportional hazards regression was used to explore the associations of ACEs with new-onset all-cause dementia,AD and other dementias from 2010 to 2020.Effect modification of BMI in 2010 and BMI transition and trajectory(fitted by group-based trajectory modelling)from 2004 to 2010 were assessed.Results 15282 participants with a mean age of 67.0 years(58.0–75.0)were included in the 2010 data analysis.Significant interactions of ACEs with baseline BMI,BMI transition and BMI trajectory in their associations with new-onset all-cause dementia and AD were observed(all p<0.05).For instance,positive associations of two or more ACEs(vs none)with all-cause dementia and AD were found in those with a BMI trajectory of maintaining≥30 kg/m2(maintain obesity)rather than a decline to or maintaining<25 kg/m2(decline to or maintain normal weight),with hazard ratios(HRs)of 1.87(95%confidence interval(CI):1.45 to 2.42)and 1.85(95%CI:1.22 to 2.80),respectively.Conclusions ACEs were associated with dementia and AD in US adults with long-term abnormally elevated BMI but not with long-term normal or decreasing BMI.Integrated weight management throughout life could prevent dementia among those with childhood adversity.
基金supported by the Population and Aging Health Science Program(WH10022023035)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC3600800)。
文摘We are witnessing a global demographic shift towards an aging society,driven by significant improvements in life expectancy.Over the past two decades,the average life expectancy has increased by more than 6 years from 66.8 years in 2000 to73.3 years in 2019,and is projected to reach 74.6 years by 2030[1].
基金Supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China Youth Project(No.8240122558)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC3600800)the Special Research Fund for Central Universities,Peking Union Medical College(Young Teacher Project)(No.3332023086).
文摘China faces the dual challenge of population aging and rising disability rates,creating an“aging-disability overlap”that places unprecedented pressure on the nation’s healthcare system.This paper analyzes the complex mechanisms underlying the intersection of aging and disability,revealing that chronic and degenerative diseases are primary contributors to disability among older adults,with disability rates significantly increasing with age and comorbidities.Despite China’s implementation of long-term care insurance pilot programs and community-based elderly care services,multiple challenges persist:insufficient financing sustainability,inconsistent assessment standards,regional development imbalances,professional talent shortages,and social-cultural prejudices.In response,this paper proposes a comprehensive strategy framework aligned with“Healthy China 2030”’s goals of strengthening disability prevention and early intervention mechanisms;enhancing long-term care services with diversified security systems;fostering professional talent development in geriatric and rehabilitation medicine;promoting research and application of intelligent assistive technologies;and creating barrierfree communities within an inclusive social environment.Through these coordinated approaches,we aim to improve the quality of life for older adults with disabilities and facilitate dignified and highquality healthy aging.
基金Supported by the Special Research Fund for Central Universities,Peking Union Medical College(NO.3332023087)the non-profit Central Research Institute Fund of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(Grant NO.2023-RC330-01 and NO.2022-ZHCH330-01).
文摘Introduction:Diabetes,if not treated well,can result in severe clinical complications and physical limitation.This study investigates gaps in the Cascade of Care(CoC)for diabetes among individuals aged 45 and older in China and its association with the risk of functional limitations.Methods:Using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)from 2011 to 2020,the study analyzes the association between CoC and limitations in activities of daily living(ADL)and instrumental activities of daily living(IADL)through generalized estimating equations and Cox proportional hazards models.The CoC for diabetes consisted of five stages.Results:The largest gap was found in the awareness stage(59.6%),while smaller gaps were observed in the transition from awareness to treatment(13.8%)and treatment-to-control(9.0%).Compared to individuals without diabetes,those in stages 1,2,and 3 of the CoC had a significantly higher risk of ADL/IADL limitation,with stage 3 having the most pronounced impact.Conclusions:The findings highlight poor diabetes management in China,especially in awareness and treatment stages,and show that low awareness,treatment,and glycemic control are linked to higher future risk of functional limitations.Early diagnosis and effective diabetes management are crucial to reducing these risks.
文摘Summary What is already known about this topic?As the largest country in the world,China experienced a demographic transition at a historic scale during the past 50 years with extraordinarily associated changes in the age structure of the population,declining fertility rates,accelerating process of population aging,and growing population scale.
文摘What is already known about this topic?Along with the quick change of society and health transformation,as well as the continued expansion of urbanization,the health risk and its variation of migrants in China would became more complicated.What is added by this report?Although a decreasing net migration flow trend was presented from 2015 to 2050,an increasing pace of aging and younger-age trend of migrants would pose serious challenges for population health in China.Deepening aging trend of migrants contributes to the increment of the disease burden of non-communicable diseases(NCDs)and disabilities,and the upward trend of young-age migrant patients with infectious diseases remain a threat to the future intervention and prevention of infectious diseases.What are the implications for public health practice?Health policies to eliminate the adverse effects of migration on population health should pay more attention to meet the health care demands of highly vulnerable migrant populations,such as very older and very young migrants.
基金This work was funded by National Social Science Foundation of China(No.18CRK005).
文摘What is already known about this topic?In the context of rapid population ageing and over represented disabilities among the elderly,healthcare services for the elderly persons with disabilities are one of the most urgent and important population and public health issues.Previous studies indicated that the weighted prevalence rate of lifetime healthcare service use was 36.6%(95%CI:35.6–37.5)among persons with disabilities aged 60 years and above in 2006.What is added by this report?We found that the lifetime utilization rate of auxiliary aids among elderly with disabilities increased significantly from 4.96%in 1987 to 9.07%in 2006(ptrend<0.001),and the utilization rate of healthcare service in the last 12 months increased significantly from 18.6%in 2007 to 56.9%in 2014(ptrend<0.001)among total elderly with disabilities.What are the implications for public health practice?The arduous achievement indicated the success of social,economic,and medical reforms as well as health equity improvement of China.However,more sound policies and action are needed to further reduce the unmet needs in healthcare services.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China[No.2022YFC3600800]the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF under Grant Number GZC20240134&GZC20240155.
文摘What is already known about this topic?Chronic disease multimorbidity is prevalent among older Chinese people,seriously affecting their wellbeing and quality of life.What is added by this report?This study estimated the impact of multimorbidity on the risk of health state transitions and health expectancy among older adults in China.It used population-representative,long-term longitudinal data and multi-state Markov modeling along with microsimulation methods.What are the implications for public health practice?The study results suggest that the Chinese government should strengthen the prevention and management of multimorbidity and accelerate the transition from chronic disease management to multimorbidity management.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC3600800).
文摘What is already known about this topic?Infertility represents a significant global public health concern,impacting approximately 15%of couples of reproductive age worldwide.Despite this,data on infertility prevalence in the demographically diverse Asia-Pacific region remains sparse.What is added by this report?This study examines the trends and distribution of infertility in the Asia-Pacific region from 1990 to 2021,revealing a significant increase in female infertility.The growth rate of secondary infertility has exceeded that of primary infertility.Additionally,an increase in the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)may be a significant contributor.The research also highlights geographical variations in the prevalence and trends of infertility across different countries.What are the implications for public health practice?The findings emphasize the significance of sexual and reproductive health services and rights in safeguarding fertility.
文摘In 2024,the world commemorates the 30th anniversary of the landmark 1994 International Conference on Population and Development(ICPD)in Cairo.The ICPD Programme of Action,established at the conference,prioritized individual well-being in development and committed to enhancing health,rights,and choices for all.As we mark this milestone,accelerating efforts and investments is imperative to fulfill these promises and translate them into tangible outcomes(1).
基金Supported by the Major Project of the National Social Science Fund of China(21ZDA107).
文摘Population aging has become a global concern in population development.Challenges to good health in older ages are more complex than at any other age and require a comprehensive framework to move the science of aging and health forward.In this paper,we describe an advanced and evolving conceptual framework that includes definitions,goals,disciplines,and a scope of human aging omics(HAO)based on theories and methods of omics science.The development of HAO will bring a paradigm shift in research related to aging and health by systematic identification,characterization,and quantification of all sets of health conditions and their complex relationships with the internal biomolecules and the external environment in the whole aging process of human beings from birth to death throughout the lifespan.
文摘What is already known about this topic?The World Health Organization set a 2030 target of 70%cervical cancer screening coverage for women aged 35–45 years.Coverage stood at 37%in China in 2015.What is added by this report?In 2018–2019,China’s cervical cancer screening coverage reached 43.4%in women aged 35–44 years and 36.8%in women aged 35–64 years.Screening coverage was still lower in rural areas as well as central and western regions;large variations existed across provincial-level administrative divisions.What are the implications for public health practice?National and local policy and financial support should be maintained for cervical cancer screening,along with more targeted health education and outreach efforts and strengthened accessibility of health services in the rural areas and central and western regions.
基金Supported by the Population and Aging Health Science Program(WH10022023035)the National Key Research and Development Program(SQ2022YFC3600291).
文摘In China,there has been a significant transition in mortality trends,shifting from infectious diseases to non-communicable diseases(NCDs)over the last forty years.This shift has been primarily influenced by risk factors such as smoking,poor diet,and physical inactivity.Notably,cardiovascular diseases(CVD),cancers,chronic respiratory disorders(CRD),and diabetes have emerged as leading causes of death.Moreover,injuries,particularly road accidents and falls among older adults,also contribute significantly to the disease burden.Given the increasing aging population,there is a growing concern regarding age-related conditions and falls.To effectively address these challenges,China must prioritize chronic disease prevention throughout the lifespan and strengthen primary healthcare capabilities.
基金The Scientific Research Foundation of Peking University(No.7100603492 and No.7100901906).
文摘Summary What is already known on this topic?Diverse social factors such as economic development,policy,culture,and special historical events could affect population fertility directly.At present,the influence of social factors on fertility is still controversial.With the diversification of population characteristics,the crossgroup robustness of the classical theories and research conclusions are broken.
基金Supported by the Scientific Research Foundation of Peking University(7100604137)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82103955).
文摘The 33rd World Population Day focuses on the theme,“A World of 8 Billion:Toward a Resilient Future for All—Harnessing Opportunities and Ensuring Rights and Choices for All.”As the global population approaches 8 billion,the United Nations urges individuals to consider the implications for the future.The life course paradigm emphasizes that past,present,and future experiences are interconnected and mutually reinforcing,with individuals’expectations and confidence in the future being influenced by previous and current behaviors and serving as important determinants of current decision-making(1).
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(SQ2022YFC3600291)and the Population and Aging Health Science Program(WH10022023035).
文摘Summary What is already known about this topic?Meningitis,a life-threatening disease,presents a significant public health challenge.Its rate of progress in burden reduction notably lags behind other diseases that can be prevented through vaccination.What is added by this report?This research explored the changes in the mortality rate of meningitis in China over a span of 35 years.The study further identified the effects of age,period,and cohort on the mortality trends.
