Background:Oral health issues persistently affect the overall health and well-being of rural populations.Village health volunteers(VHVs)play a crucial role in advancing oral health literacy in their community.This stu...Background:Oral health issues persistently affect the overall health and well-being of rural populations.Village health volunteers(VHVs)play a crucial role in advancing oral health literacy in their community.This study aimed to examine the factors related to nutritional literacy for oral health among VHVs.Methods:This was a mixed-methods study employing an explanatory sequential design.The quantitative data were gathered through questionnaires distributed to a cohort of 10,514 VHVs registered in Health Region 1.A stratified random sampling technique was used to ensure adequate representation of various subgroups within the VHV population,considering factors such as age,education level,and geographical distribution across the region.This approach allowed for a more representative sample that accurately reflects the diversity of the VHV population.Qualitative data were obtained through semi-structured interviews with a purposive sampling of 20 participants based on specific criteria.Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and biserial correlation techniques,while qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis.Results:The study found that the sample group possessed a moderate level of knowledge of health literacy principles and nutrition for oral health.However,their self-assessed skills in nutritional literacy for oral health were rated as high.A statistically significant negative correlation was found between knowledge of nutrition for oral health and skills in nutritional literacy for oral health.VHVs equated health literacy with knowledge because their public health training had focused more on imparting knowledge rather than developing skills based on health literacy principles.Conclusion:There is a need to emphasize skill-based health literacy training and to use effective skill development techniques that are tailored to the specific roles and responsibilities of health volunteers.It is also recommended to continuously monitor and evaluate the outcomes of these efforts.展开更多
Background:Low awareness of common pediatric eye conditions,such as amblyopia,conjunctivitis,and myopia in rural Chiang Rai,Thailand,prompted the development of a specialized curriculum.This curriculum aimed to provid...Background:Low awareness of common pediatric eye conditions,such as amblyopia,conjunctivitis,and myopia in rural Chiang Rai,Thailand,prompted the development of a specialized curriculum.This curriculum aimed to provide individuals serving these areas with resources to educate and disseminate information within their communities.Methods:A one-hour curriculum covering the causes,signs,diagnosis,treatment,and prevention of amblyopia,conjunctivitis,and myopia was delivered virtually to public health students at a Thai university and in-person to students at this university and rural community members.The in-person seminar included hands-on activities and simulations of these eye conditions.Knowledge acquisition and retention were assessed using pre-tests,immediate post-tests,and one-month post-tests.Results:The seminar was attended by 87 virtual public health students,111 in-person public health students,and 40 in-person rural community members.All groups showed significant improvement in test scores from pre-test to immediate post-test(P<0.001).In-person students had 1.57 times the odds of answering correctly on the immediate post-test compared to virtual students,despite no significant difference in baseline knowledge.However,the subset of in-person students who did not receive bilingual materials showed no significant difference in immediate post-test performance compared to virtual students(P>0.05).Although public health students had more than twice the odds of answering correctly at pre-test compared to rural community members,there were no significant differences between groups on the immediate post-test(P>0.05).Conclusion:A brief seminar significantly improved understanding and retention of pediatric eye conditions,achieving similar levels of understanding among public health students and rural community members,regardless of initial knowledge on this topic.In-person,hands-on seminars with educational materials in participants'preferred language proved more effective than virtual ones in achieving these improvements.展开更多
Objective:This scoping review explores digital health interventions used to improve maternal health and the health of children under-5-year-olds in rural areas of low-and middle-income countries(LMICs),identifying cur...Objective:This scoping review explores digital health interventions used to improve maternal health and the health of children under-5-year-olds in rural areas of low-and middle-income countries(LMICs),identifying current practices and research gaps.Methods:Guided by PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews,a comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed,Web of Science,and grey literature search with Google Scholar,and the South African National Elec-tronic Theses and Dissertations Portal.MeSH terms and Boolean operators were used.Studies were screened using the Population,Concept,and Context framework,and data were extracted systematically.Results:Of 5,114 records,63 met inclusion criteria.Digital health interventions,particularly mobile health,were found to enhance service delivery,education,and support for maternal and child health in LMICs.However,challenges such as limited access to technology,digital literacy,and cultural barriers persist.Contextual factors,including geography and sociocultural norms,significantly influenced implementation success.Conclusion:Digital health interventions show promise in improving maternal and child health in LMICs.How-ever,regional disparities,technological limitations,and cultural misalignment hinder scalability.Future research should focus on culturally adaptive,community-engaged approaches and long-term impact assessments to sup-port sustainable health promotion in low-resource settings.展开更多
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)disrupted healthcare and led to increased telehealth use.We explored the impact of COVID-19 on liver transplant evaluation(LTE).AIM To understand the impact of telehealth o...BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)disrupted healthcare and led to increased telehealth use.We explored the impact of COVID-19 on liver transplant evaluation(LTE).AIM To understand the impact of telehealth on LTE during COVID-19 and to identify disparities in outcomes disaggregated by sociodemographic factors.METHODS This was a retrospective study of patients who initiated LTE at our center from 3/16/20-3/16/21(“COVID-19 era”)and the year prior(3/16/19-3/15/20,“pre-COVID-19 era”).We compared LTE duration times between eras and explored the effects of telehealth and inpatient evaluations on LTE duration,listing,and pretransplant mortality.RESULTS One hundred and seventy-eight patients were included in the pre-COVID-19 era cohort and one hundred and ninety-nine in the COVID-19 era cohort.Twentynine percent(58/199)of COVID-19 era initial LTE were telehealth,compared to 0%(0/178)pre-COVID-19.There were more inpatient evaluations during COVID-19 era(40%vs 28%,P<0.01).Among outpatient encounters,telehealth use for initial LTE during COVID-19 era did not impact likelihood of listing,pretransplant mortality,or time to LTE and listing.Median times to LTE and listing during COVID-19 were shorter than pre-COVID-19,driven by increased inpatient evaluations.Sociodemographic factors were not predictive of telehealth.CONCLUSION COVID-19 demonstrates a shift to telehealth and inpatient LTE.Telehealth does not impact LTE or listing duration,likelihood of listing,or mortality,suggesting telehealth may facilitate LTE without negative outcomes.展开更多
Objective: The health-related quality of life (HRQoL) theory was used to assess the health quality of elderly residents in Southwest China. This was done by using the European Five-Dimensional Health Scale in a compre...Objective: The health-related quality of life (HRQoL) theory was used to assess the health quality of elderly residents in Southwest China. This was done by using the European Five-Dimensional Health Scale in a comprehensive manner and by analysing the factors influencing it. The findings will provide new perspectives and ideas for improving the health-related quality of life of the elderly population and enhancing the precise health management of elderly residents. Methods: The response data of 1892 elderly residents in southwestern China were included in the analysis based on the CLHLS data. The factors influencing the occurrence of problems, EQ-VAS scores and health utility values were analysed by logistic regression, multiple linear regression and Tobit regression, respectively. Results: The primary health concerns among the elderly population in the Southwest region were limited ability to perform daily activities and pain or discomfort. These individuals exhibited an EQ-VAS self-assessment score of 66.51 ± 14.87 and a health utility value of 0.87 (0.70, 1.00). Gender, age, regular medical check-ups, exercise habits and the prevalence of chronic diseases are the main influencing factors. Conclusions: The health quality of elderly people in Southwest China needs to be improved, and a comprehensive management strategy can be adopted in terms of lifestyle management, health needs management and disease management to improve the quality of their healthy lives and promote the development of healthy ageing.展开更多
Background:Telehealth has emerged as a powerful tool for managing chronic diseases and mental health conditions,offering increased access to care and improved patient outcomes.However,inequities in digital connectivit...Background:Telehealth has emerged as a powerful tool for managing chronic diseases and mental health conditions,offering increased access to care and improved patient outcomes.However,inequities in digital connectivity and technological resources have created significant disparities in access to these potentially life-changing services,disproportionately impacting marginalized and minoritized communities across the globe.Methods:Data on 473,716 telehealth encounters occurring between January 1,2022,and June 30,2023 were retrieved from the electronic health records(EHR)system used by University Hospitals.These encounters were classified into three groups:attended,canceled,and no-show.Relative risk was calculated based on age,sex,and race,and a multivariate linear regression was performed with age,sex,and race as inputs,to determine their effect on the encounter outcome.Results:Our analysis identified significant differences in relative risk between demographic groups.Patients 20-39 years of age had a high relative risk of cancellation and no-show,and Black patients demonstrated the highest relative risk for cancellation and no-show.The regression analysis illustrated a statistically significant link between no-shows and patients with a cellular plan with no other internet subscription(p<0.001),smartphone ownership(p<0.001),and not having a computer(p<0.05).Conclusions:This study highlights the clinical repercussions of the digital divide,as patients relying on a mobile phone and data plan to attend telehealth visits were more likely to no-show.Current disparities in digital connectivity for historically marginalized populations heightens the risk of creating a digital underclass.There is evidence this study may be applicable in multiple countries across the world.Further research on the causes of the observed no-shows is necessary to ensure equitable delivery of digital healthcare services.展开更多
Climate change poses a significant threat to global health.It exacerbates existing health challenges and generates new ones.Therefore,innovative solutions to mitigate and adapt to its adverse effects are urgently requ...Climate change poses a significant threat to global health.It exacerbates existing health challenges and generates new ones.Therefore,innovative solutions to mitigate and adapt to its adverse effects are urgently required.This article explores the potential of digital health technologies to address the challenge posed by climate change-related health issues.It discusses their dual functionality of diminishing the carbon footprint of healthcare services and increasing understanding and governance of climate-sensitive diseases.Notably,with advanced technologies such as Generative medical AI(GMAI)presenting environmental concerns like substantial energy consumption during data processing and the generation of electronic waste,it is essential to underscore the significance of their responsible development and implementation of these technologies.This will ensure that the benefits of digital health technologies can be maximized while minimizing their ecological drawbacks.This study,therefore propose,a framework for leveraging digital health technologies to support climate change adaptation,including disease surveillance,telemedicine,patient support systems,and public awareness campaigns.展开更多
Rehabilitation for patients with chronic physical conditions,such as stroke,spinal cord injury,and fibromyalgia,is predominantly focused on physical recovery,often neglecting the affective and social dimensions crucia...Rehabilitation for patients with chronic physical conditions,such as stroke,spinal cord injury,and fibromyalgia,is predominantly focused on physical recovery,often neglecting the affective and social dimensions crucial for comprehensive health outcomes.This oversight contributes to a significant mental health burden,with up to40%of rehabilitating patients experiencing depression or anxiety.This perspective article reviews evidence from social and affective neuroscience to highlight the urgent need to integrate well-being as a central component of rehabilitation.We propose a holistic rehabilitation model that includes psychological,affective,and social interventions alongside physical therapies.This model draws on existing studies demonstrating that emotional resilience and social support are key predictors of successful rehabilitation outcomes.Patients with strong social and affective well-being are more likely to adhere to treatment protocols and achieve better physical recovery.Conversely,neglecting these dimensions can exacerbate mental health conditions,leading to what we identify as a"second wave"of health crises—mental health conditions triggered by chronic physical ailments.By adopting this holistic approach,healthcare systems can improve immediate rehabilitation outcomes,prevent the long-term escalation of mental health issues,and reduce the overall burden on global mental health services,ultimately enhancing the quality of life for patients worldwide.展开更多
BACKGROUND Effective health management for high-risk stroke populations is essential.The hospital-community-home(HCH)collaborative health management(CHM)model leverages resources from hospitals,communities,and familie...BACKGROUND Effective health management for high-risk stroke populations is essential.The hospital-community-home(HCH)collaborative health management(CHM)model leverages resources from hospitals,communities,and families.By integrating patient information across these three domains,it facilitates the delivery of tailored guidance,health risk assessments,and three-in-one health education.AIM To explore the effects of the HCH-CHM model on stroke risk reduction in highrisk populations.METHODS In total,110 high-risk stroke patients screened in the community from January 2019 to January 2023 were enrolled,with 52 patients in the control group receiving routine health education and 58 in the observation group receiving HCH-CHM model interventions based on routine health education.Stroke awareness scores,health behavior levels,medication adherence,blood pressure,serum biochemical markers(systolic/diastolic blood pressure,total cholesterol,and triglyceride),and psychological measures(self-rating anxiety/depression scale)were evaluated and compared between groups.RESULTS The observation group showed statistically significant improvements in stroke awareness scores and health behavior levels compared to the control group(P<0.05),with notable enhancements in lifestyle and dietary habits(P<0.05)and reductions in postintervention systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,total cholesterol,triglyceride,self-rating anxiety scale,and self-rating depression scale scores(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The HCH-CHM model had a significant positive effect on high-risk stroke populations,effectively increasing disease awareness,improving health behavior and medication adherence,and appropriately ameliorating blood pressure,serum biochemical marker levels,and negative psychological symptoms.展开更多
BACKGROUND Monkeypox(Mpox),is a disease of global public health concern,as it does not affect only countries in western and central Africa.AIM To assess Burundi healthcare workers(HCWs)s’level of knowledge and confid...BACKGROUND Monkeypox(Mpox),is a disease of global public health concern,as it does not affect only countries in western and central Africa.AIM To assess Burundi healthcare workers(HCWs)s’level of knowledge and confidence in the diagnosis and management of Mpox.METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study via an online survey designed mainly from the World Health Organization course distributed among Burundi HCWs from June-July 2023.The questionnaire comprises 8 socioprofessional-related questions,22 questions about Mpox disease knowledge,and 3 questions to assess confidence in Mpox diagnosis and management.The data were analyzed via SPSS software version 25.0.A P value<0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.RESULTS The study sample comprised 471 HCWs who were mainly medical doctors(63.9%)and nurses(30.1%).None of the 22 questions concerning Mpox knowledge had at least 50%correct responses.A very low number of HCWs(17.4%)knew that Mpox has a vaccine.The confidence level to diagnose(21.20%),treat(18.00%)or prevent(23.30%)Mpox was low among HCWs.The confidence level in the diagnosis of Mpox was associated with the HCWs’age(P value=0.009),sex(P value<0.001),work experience(P value=0.002),and residence(P value<0.001).The confidence level to treat Mpox was significantly associated with the HCWs’age(P value=0.050),sex(P value<0.001),education(P value=0.033)and occupation(P value=0.005).The confidence level to prevent Mpox was associated with the HCWs’education(P value<0.001),work experience(P value=0.002),residence(P value<0.001)and type of work institution(P value=0.003).CONCLUSION This study revealed that HCWs have the lowest level of knowledge regarding Mpox and a lack of confidence in the ability to diagnose,treat or prevent it.There is an urgent need to organize continuing medical education programs on Mpox epidemiology and preparedness for Burundi HCWs.We encourage future researchers to assess potential hesitancy toward Mpox vaccination and its associated factors.展开更多
The integration of digital technologies into oral health care is transforming the field, driving advancements in diagnostic precision, patient engagement, and access to care. This review evaluates the impact of mobile...The integration of digital technologies into oral health care is transforming the field, driving advancements in diagnostic precision, patient engagement, and access to care. This review evaluates the impact of mobile health (mHealth) applications, tele-dentistry, artificial intelligence (AI), wearable devices, and advanced imaging systems on modern dentistry. Synthesizing findings from 125 studies published between 2010 and 2024, the paper identifies key achievements, including improved patient compliance, enhanced diagnostic capabilities, and expanded access to care in underserved areas. Tele-dentistry has been pivotal in bridging geographical gaps, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, while AI tools have revolutionized diagnostics and personalized treatment planning. Wearable devices and mHealth applications have empowered patients with real-time feedback, fostering sustained adherence to oral hygiene practices. The review also highlights the potential of digital tools to reduce healthcare disparities and operational costs, paving the way for more equitable and efficient dental care. By outlining critical advancements and future directions, this paper underscores the transformative potential of digital health technologies in dentistry. It advocates for further research on data security, interoperability, and innovative applications of AI to maximize the benefits of these tools, ultimately shaping a more accessible and patient-focused oral health ecosystem.展开更多
Objectives:To evaluate the occurrence of depression and its related factors among public health nurses(PHNs)engaged in child neglect-related abuse cases.Methods:A cross-sectional study of PHNs involved in maternal and...Objectives:To evaluate the occurrence of depression and its related factors among public health nurses(PHNs)engaged in child neglect-related abuse cases.Methods:A cross-sectional study of PHNs involved in maternal and child health or child and family welfare,and engaged in cases of child neglect-related abuse was conducted from January to March 2023 in all municipalities of 13 prefectures selected from Japan's seven regions,considering geographic diversity and major urban areas.The Patient Health Questionnaire-2 was used to screen for depression.Statistical analyses included the Chi-square test,Mann-Whitney U test,and logistic regression analysis.Results:A total of 359 provided valid responses.Among them,11.4%screened positive for depression.Significant individual factors related depression were management-stage nurses(OR=6.27,95%CI:1.63-24.18),no disability welfare experience(OR=3.49,95%CI:1.05-11.55),being assignment of highrisk cases within the past year(OR=8.28,95%CI:2.07-33.08),and lower work control(OR=0.53,95%CI:0.32-0.86).Workplace environment factors were lower perceptions and relationships within the workplace(OR=0.43,95%CI:0.29-0.65)and perceiving manpower as not secured(OR=9.07,95%CI:1.17-70.40),Conclusions:Mental health measures for PHNs should include workload management and reduced burdens through workforce enhancement,attention to burdens on managerial PHNs,promoting communication and mutual support,and opportunities to engage in disability welfare work.展开更多
This review aims to analyze the development and impact of Artificial Intelligence(AI)in the context of Saudi Arabia’s public healthcare system to fulfill Vision 2030 objectives.It is extensively devoted to AI technol...This review aims to analyze the development and impact of Artificial Intelligence(AI)in the context of Saudi Arabia’s public healthcare system to fulfill Vision 2030 objectives.It is extensively devoted to AI technology deployment relevant to disease management,healthcare delivery,epidemiology,and policy-making.However,its AI is culturally sensitive and ethically grounded in Islam.Based on the PRISMA framework,an SLR evaluated primary academic literature,cases,and practices of Saudi Arabia’s AI implementation in the public healthcare sector.Instead,it categorizes prior research based on how AI can work,the issues it poses,and its implications for the Kingdom’s healthcare system.The Saudi Arabian context analyses show that AI has increased the discreet prediction of diseases,resource management,and monitoring outbreaks during mass congregations such as hajj.Therefore,the study outlines critical areas for defining the potential for artificial intelligence and areas for enhancing digital development to support global healthcare progress.The key themes emerging from the review include Saudi Arabia:(i)the effectiveness of AI with human interaction for sustainable health services;(ii)conditions and quality control to enhance the quality of health care services using AI;(iii)environmental factors as influencing factors for public health care;(iv)Artificial Intelligence,and advanced decision-making technology for Middle Eastern health care systems.For policymakers,healthcare managers,and researchers who will engage with AI innovation,the review proclaims that AI applications should respect the country’s socio-cultural and ethical practices and pave the way for sustainable healthcare provision.More empirical research is needed on the implementation issues with AI,creating culturally appropriate models of AI,and finding new applications of AI to address the increasing demand for healthcare services in Saudi Arabia.展开更多
Objective:Studies on the occupational health risks and experiences of healthcare waste handlers since the decline in coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)incidence are scarce in Nigeria.The current study aimed to examine...Objective:Studies on the occupational health risks and experiences of healthcare waste handlers since the decline in coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)incidence are scarce in Nigeria.The current study aimed to examine what seemed as the"hidden"and rarely researched area of practice from the standpoint of different stakeholders in a Nigerian Lassa fever treatment hospital.The primary objective was to understand the nature of waste handlers'practices and experiences and identify areas for improvement centred on supporting the development of best practices,in accordance with the World Health Organisation(WHO)guidelines.Methods:This study employed a qualitative case study design,gathering data from healthcare waste handlers(n=34)through four focus groups.Additionally,four in-depth interviews were conducted with ward managers and the infection control team to gain insight into the organisational framing of waste handling practice,the perceived challenges faced by waste handlers from their perspectives,and the provision of training and support.The qualitative data were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim through manual processes and subjected to a reflexive thematic analysis conducted manually.Results:The findings revealed that waste handlers were subjected to various occupational health risks,including back pain,needlestick injuries,psychological distress,fatigue,anxiety,and prolonged exposure to sunlight.Concerns were raised regarding the inadequate supply of personal protective equipment and other essential tools,which suggests a need for organisational commitment to ensure the continual availability of these resources to protect the health and safety of these employees.A critical issue identified was the lack of comprehensive training for waste handlers,highlighting a form of organisational negligence.The consensual views expressed by the waste handlers indicated a sense of dissatisfaction with their working environment,largely attributable to organisational and societal stigmatisation.Furthermore,the study underscored that the hospital management faced significant financial constraints and advocated for increased funding to effectively implement best practice standards.Conclusion:To effectively manage healthcare waste and reduce hazards to waste handlers,the organisational leadership should prioritise training and support.This initiative will not only benefit the waste handlers but also the patients,other healthcare workers,and the general public.Although the findings focus on the case context of a Nigerian Lassa fever treatment hospital,the wider implications of this study are linked to the role of institutional support for waste handling practice.Moreover,it extends to the potential positions of institutions as displaying a form of"benign anomie"in not ensuring the wellbeing of waste handlers through sufficient regulation and governance focused on prioritisation,processes,and procedures.The study highlights the relevance of embedding WHO guidelines in other similar contexts as part of implementation across institutions involved with waste handling.展开更多
The Global Health Network Conference 2022 addressed the critical need for expanded health research capabilities in low-and middle-income countries and low-resource settings,particularly in light of global health threa...The Global Health Network Conference 2022 addressed the critical need for expanded health research capabilities in low-and middle-income countries and low-resource settings,particularly in light of global health threats such as pandemics and climate change.This deficit often results in insufficient research to inform effective health interventions.Held in Cape Town,South Africa,the conference brought together a diverse group of health researchers,practitioners,and policymakers from over 50 countries to explore how health research can be embedded into every healthcare setting.The conference emphasized fostering leadership,integrating research findings into policy and practice,enabling research in all healthcare settings,and engaging communities through the research process.This article collates and considers the key findings and recommendations from the eight sessions.These sessions were designed to follow the research cycle,from setting the question to taking the findings into practice,with a focus on capacity building,data-driven decision-making,and tackling gender and societal disparities.Our aim is that by reporting these outputs we can share valuable experience and insights that can help research teams in their studies and through doing so,spark a shift in global health research through this remarkable collaborative effort in knowledge and methods sharing that continues through the Global Health Network community.The recommendations derived from this conference align with the World Health Organization's strategies for reinforcing health research systems and showcase the importance of empowering low-and middle-income countries to conduct research that addresses their unique health challenges.By advancing global health research through collaboration,innovation,and community involvement,the conference laid the groundwork for a comprehensive framework that supports the Sustainable Development Goals and promotes equitable healthcare for all.展开更多
With the civilization and modernization of human society,occupational health has emerged as a fundamental goal of social justice,as highlighted in the United Nations'Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)since 2016.S...With the civilization and modernization of human society,occupational health has emerged as a fundamental goal of social justice,as highlighted in the United Nations'Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)since 2016.Specifically,"SDG Goal 1:No Poverty","SDG 3:Good Health and Well-being",and"SDG 8:Decent Work and Economic Growth",are interconnected with other SDGs to support the pursuit of occupational health.展开更多
Diabetes affects an estimated 828 million people globally,with approximately 44%living in China and India.Rural residents with diabetes in these countries face significant challenges in access to care.Although digital...Diabetes affects an estimated 828 million people globally,with approximately 44%living in China and India.Rural residents with diabetes in these countries face significant challenges in access to care.Although digital health interventions are increasingly used to reach underserved populations,considerable knowledge gaps exist.This mini-review presents the first comparative analysis of digital health implementations for diabetes care in rural China and India,comprising clinical decision support tools,telemedicine,and mobile health applications.The review examines how their distinct health system structures influence technology adoption and clinical outcomes.China's hierarchical administrative structure facilitates standardized nationwide platforms with consistent protocols,while India's federal system enables diverse localized innovations that accommodate regional diversity.Cluster-randomized trials for digital health tools in rural China show significant improvements in glycemic control.In India,interventions examined in this review were associated with improved health behaviors and medication adherence.Both countries demonstrate that digital interventions leveraging existing social structures and co-created with stakeholders yield better outcomes than standard care approaches.This analysis provides actionable insights for policymakers globally while identifying valuable opportunities for knowledge exchange between these two nations that together are home to nearly half of all people living with diabetes worldwide.展开更多
As the population of older Asian Americans continues to grow rapidly,understanding their mental health needs has become increasingly critical.This literature review summarizes current issues,developments,and future di...As the population of older Asian Americans continues to grow rapidly,understanding their mental health needs has become increasingly critical.This literature review summarizes current issues,developments,and future directions in addressing the mental health challenges faced by older Asian Americans in the last five years.We briefly touch on the comparative prevalence of mental health disorders experienced by ethnic subgroups.Additionally,we review recent studies highlighting the role of the coronavirus disease 2019,racism,social support,cultural stigma,and self-rated health as significant factors influencing mental well-being of this population.We discuss the utilization of health services among older Asian Americans.We conclude with thoughts for future research,emphasizing the importance of longitudinal studies,consideration of diverse Asian American ethnic subgroups,and culturally sensitive diagnostic and treatment approaches.展开更多
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)is a complex condition marked by considerable interindividual heterogeneity.Comorbidities exacerbate this variability,worsening disease severity and reducing health-related q...Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)is a complex condition marked by considerable interindividual heterogeneity.Comorbidities exacerbate this variability,worsening disease severity and reducing health-related quality of life(HRQoL).Despite the high prevalence of COPD in China,COPD patient clusters remain poorly characterized.This study aimed to identify and validate clusters of Chinese patients with COPD,characterized primarily by comorbidity profiles,using cluster analysis.This cross-sectional,multicenter cohort study used data from the Chinese Enjoying Breathing Program(2020–2023).HRQoL was measured using the EuroQol five dimension(EQ-5D).Dimension reduction was performed via multiple correspondence analysis on 31 variables,including indicators of 27 comorbidities and four sociodemographic or health-related characteristics.Unsupervised machine learning algorithms,K-means++,and hierarchical clustering identified distinct clusters.Robustness was assessed using random forest classification.Logistic regression evaluated the association between cluster membership and EQ-5D outcomes.Among 11145 patients,59.4%had comorbidities.Four clusters emerged:young male smokers,biomass-exposed females,respiratory comorbidity,and elderly multimorbid.The last two clusters had notably lower HRQoL.Cluster analysis identified four clinically meaningful COPD patient clusters based on comorbidities and risk profiles,each with distinct HRQoL outcomes.These findings support targeted public health interventions and integrated care strategies for COPD management.展开更多
Objectives:Population aging is occurring at a rapid speed all over the world,bringing considerable public health challenges,including for the mental health of older adults.Considering that older populations are prone ...Objectives:Population aging is occurring at a rapid speed all over the world,bringing considerable public health challenges,including for the mental health of older adults.Considering that older populations are prone to depression and stress,the need for effective preventive interventions is critical.Thus,we conducted a study aimed at exploring the preventive impact of a community-based Tai Chi program over 8 weeks on depression and perceived stress in healthy older adults in South Korea.Methods:A quasi-experimental design was utilized,with 63 older adults participating(31 individuals in the Tai Chi group and 32 in the control group).The Tai Chi intervention was a supervised session 3 times per week.Data were obtained anonymously at baseline and post-intervention(week 8),with validated measures,including the Geriatric Depression Scale and the Korean version of the Brief Encounter Psychosocial Instrument.Data analysis included frequency distributions,descriptive statistics,and repeated measures analysis of variance to examine group×time interaction effects.Results:Baseline characteristics were comparable between groups.A repeated measures analysis of variance revealed significant group×time interaction effects for depression(Wilks’Lambda=0.868,F1,57=8.63,p=0.005,partialη^(2)=0.13)and perceived stress(Wilks’Lambda=0.831,F1,57=11.62,p=0.001,partialη^(2)=0.17).In particular,participants in the Tai Chi group had significantly greater reductions in depression and perceived stress than participants in the control group.Conclusions:These results suggest that Tai Chi may contribute to more favorable changes in depression and perceived stress among healthy older adults compared to no intervention,suggesting its usefulness as a culturally appropriate intervention for sustainable enhancement of mental health and successful aging in rapidly aging societies,including South Korea.展开更多
文摘Background:Oral health issues persistently affect the overall health and well-being of rural populations.Village health volunteers(VHVs)play a crucial role in advancing oral health literacy in their community.This study aimed to examine the factors related to nutritional literacy for oral health among VHVs.Methods:This was a mixed-methods study employing an explanatory sequential design.The quantitative data were gathered through questionnaires distributed to a cohort of 10,514 VHVs registered in Health Region 1.A stratified random sampling technique was used to ensure adequate representation of various subgroups within the VHV population,considering factors such as age,education level,and geographical distribution across the region.This approach allowed for a more representative sample that accurately reflects the diversity of the VHV population.Qualitative data were obtained through semi-structured interviews with a purposive sampling of 20 participants based on specific criteria.Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and biserial correlation techniques,while qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis.Results:The study found that the sample group possessed a moderate level of knowledge of health literacy principles and nutrition for oral health.However,their self-assessed skills in nutritional literacy for oral health were rated as high.A statistically significant negative correlation was found between knowledge of nutrition for oral health and skills in nutritional literacy for oral health.VHVs equated health literacy with knowledge because their public health training had focused more on imparting knowledge rather than developing skills based on health literacy principles.Conclusion:There is a need to emphasize skill-based health literacy training and to use effective skill development techniques that are tailored to the specific roles and responsibilities of health volunteers.It is also recommended to continuously monitor and evaluate the outcomes of these efforts.
基金supported by the National Institutes of Health(Bethesda,MD)through the P30 EY010572 core grantthe Malcolm M.Marquis,MD Endowed Fund for Innovation+1 种基金an unrestricted grant from Research to Prevent Blindness(New York,NY)to the Casey Eye Institute,Oregon Health&Science UniversityAdditional support was provided by Oregon Health&Science University Global Health。
文摘Background:Low awareness of common pediatric eye conditions,such as amblyopia,conjunctivitis,and myopia in rural Chiang Rai,Thailand,prompted the development of a specialized curriculum.This curriculum aimed to provide individuals serving these areas with resources to educate and disseminate information within their communities.Methods:A one-hour curriculum covering the causes,signs,diagnosis,treatment,and prevention of amblyopia,conjunctivitis,and myopia was delivered virtually to public health students at a Thai university and in-person to students at this university and rural community members.The in-person seminar included hands-on activities and simulations of these eye conditions.Knowledge acquisition and retention were assessed using pre-tests,immediate post-tests,and one-month post-tests.Results:The seminar was attended by 87 virtual public health students,111 in-person public health students,and 40 in-person rural community members.All groups showed significant improvement in test scores from pre-test to immediate post-test(P<0.001).In-person students had 1.57 times the odds of answering correctly on the immediate post-test compared to virtual students,despite no significant difference in baseline knowledge.However,the subset of in-person students who did not receive bilingual materials showed no significant difference in immediate post-test performance compared to virtual students(P>0.05).Although public health students had more than twice the odds of answering correctly at pre-test compared to rural community members,there were no significant differences between groups on the immediate post-test(P>0.05).Conclusion:A brief seminar significantly improved understanding and retention of pediatric eye conditions,achieving similar levels of understanding among public health students and rural community members,regardless of initial knowledge on this topic.In-person,hands-on seminars with educational materials in participants'preferred language proved more effective than virtual ones in achieving these improvements.
文摘Objective:This scoping review explores digital health interventions used to improve maternal health and the health of children under-5-year-olds in rural areas of low-and middle-income countries(LMICs),identifying current practices and research gaps.Methods:Guided by PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews,a comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed,Web of Science,and grey literature search with Google Scholar,and the South African National Elec-tronic Theses and Dissertations Portal.MeSH terms and Boolean operators were used.Studies were screened using the Population,Concept,and Context framework,and data were extracted systematically.Results:Of 5,114 records,63 met inclusion criteria.Digital health interventions,particularly mobile health,were found to enhance service delivery,education,and support for maternal and child health in LMICs.However,challenges such as limited access to technology,digital literacy,and cultural barriers persist.Contextual factors,including geography and sociocultural norms,significantly influenced implementation success.Conclusion:Digital health interventions show promise in improving maternal and child health in LMICs.How-ever,regional disparities,technological limitations,and cultural misalignment hinder scalability.Future research should focus on culturally adaptive,community-engaged approaches and long-term impact assessments to sup-port sustainable health promotion in low-resource settings.
文摘BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)disrupted healthcare and led to increased telehealth use.We explored the impact of COVID-19 on liver transplant evaluation(LTE).AIM To understand the impact of telehealth on LTE during COVID-19 and to identify disparities in outcomes disaggregated by sociodemographic factors.METHODS This was a retrospective study of patients who initiated LTE at our center from 3/16/20-3/16/21(“COVID-19 era”)and the year prior(3/16/19-3/15/20,“pre-COVID-19 era”).We compared LTE duration times between eras and explored the effects of telehealth and inpatient evaluations on LTE duration,listing,and pretransplant mortality.RESULTS One hundred and seventy-eight patients were included in the pre-COVID-19 era cohort and one hundred and ninety-nine in the COVID-19 era cohort.Twentynine percent(58/199)of COVID-19 era initial LTE were telehealth,compared to 0%(0/178)pre-COVID-19.There were more inpatient evaluations during COVID-19 era(40%vs 28%,P<0.01).Among outpatient encounters,telehealth use for initial LTE during COVID-19 era did not impact likelihood of listing,pretransplant mortality,or time to LTE and listing.Median times to LTE and listing during COVID-19 were shorter than pre-COVID-19,driven by increased inpatient evaluations.Sociodemographic factors were not predictive of telehealth.CONCLUSION COVID-19 demonstrates a shift to telehealth and inpatient LTE.Telehealth does not impact LTE or listing duration,likelihood of listing,or mortality,suggesting telehealth may facilitate LTE without negative outcomes.
文摘Objective: The health-related quality of life (HRQoL) theory was used to assess the health quality of elderly residents in Southwest China. This was done by using the European Five-Dimensional Health Scale in a comprehensive manner and by analysing the factors influencing it. The findings will provide new perspectives and ideas for improving the health-related quality of life of the elderly population and enhancing the precise health management of elderly residents. Methods: The response data of 1892 elderly residents in southwestern China were included in the analysis based on the CLHLS data. The factors influencing the occurrence of problems, EQ-VAS scores and health utility values were analysed by logistic regression, multiple linear regression and Tobit regression, respectively. Results: The primary health concerns among the elderly population in the Southwest region were limited ability to perform daily activities and pain or discomfort. These individuals exhibited an EQ-VAS self-assessment score of 66.51 ± 14.87 and a health utility value of 0.87 (0.70, 1.00). Gender, age, regular medical check-ups, exercise habits and the prevalence of chronic diseases are the main influencing factors. Conclusions: The health quality of elderly people in Southwest China needs to be improved, and a comprehensive management strategy can be adopted in terms of lifestyle management, health needs management and disease management to improve the quality of their healthy lives and promote the development of healthy ageing.
文摘Background:Telehealth has emerged as a powerful tool for managing chronic diseases and mental health conditions,offering increased access to care and improved patient outcomes.However,inequities in digital connectivity and technological resources have created significant disparities in access to these potentially life-changing services,disproportionately impacting marginalized and minoritized communities across the globe.Methods:Data on 473,716 telehealth encounters occurring between January 1,2022,and June 30,2023 were retrieved from the electronic health records(EHR)system used by University Hospitals.These encounters were classified into three groups:attended,canceled,and no-show.Relative risk was calculated based on age,sex,and race,and a multivariate linear regression was performed with age,sex,and race as inputs,to determine their effect on the encounter outcome.Results:Our analysis identified significant differences in relative risk between demographic groups.Patients 20-39 years of age had a high relative risk of cancellation and no-show,and Black patients demonstrated the highest relative risk for cancellation and no-show.The regression analysis illustrated a statistically significant link between no-shows and patients with a cellular plan with no other internet subscription(p<0.001),smartphone ownership(p<0.001),and not having a computer(p<0.05).Conclusions:This study highlights the clinical repercussions of the digital divide,as patients relying on a mobile phone and data plan to attend telehealth visits were more likely to no-show.Current disparities in digital connectivity for historically marginalized populations heightens the risk of creating a digital underclass.There is evidence this study may be applicable in multiple countries across the world.Further research on the causes of the observed no-shows is necessary to ensure equitable delivery of digital healthcare services.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Innovation 2030 Major Project(2023ZD0508506)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC2305104).
文摘Climate change poses a significant threat to global health.It exacerbates existing health challenges and generates new ones.Therefore,innovative solutions to mitigate and adapt to its adverse effects are urgently required.This article explores the potential of digital health technologies to address the challenge posed by climate change-related health issues.It discusses their dual functionality of diminishing the carbon footprint of healthcare services and increasing understanding and governance of climate-sensitive diseases.Notably,with advanced technologies such as Generative medical AI(GMAI)presenting environmental concerns like substantial energy consumption during data processing and the generation of electronic waste,it is essential to underscore the significance of their responsible development and implementation of these technologies.This will ensure that the benefits of digital health technologies can be maximized while minimizing their ecological drawbacks.This study,therefore propose,a framework for leveraging digital health technologies to support climate change adaptation,including disease surveillance,telemedicine,patient support systems,and public awareness campaigns.
文摘Rehabilitation for patients with chronic physical conditions,such as stroke,spinal cord injury,and fibromyalgia,is predominantly focused on physical recovery,often neglecting the affective and social dimensions crucial for comprehensive health outcomes.This oversight contributes to a significant mental health burden,with up to40%of rehabilitating patients experiencing depression or anxiety.This perspective article reviews evidence from social and affective neuroscience to highlight the urgent need to integrate well-being as a central component of rehabilitation.We propose a holistic rehabilitation model that includes psychological,affective,and social interventions alongside physical therapies.This model draws on existing studies demonstrating that emotional resilience and social support are key predictors of successful rehabilitation outcomes.Patients with strong social and affective well-being are more likely to adhere to treatment protocols and achieve better physical recovery.Conversely,neglecting these dimensions can exacerbate mental health conditions,leading to what we identify as a"second wave"of health crises—mental health conditions triggered by chronic physical ailments.By adopting this holistic approach,healthcare systems can improve immediate rehabilitation outcomes,prevent the long-term escalation of mental health issues,and reduce the overall burden on global mental health services,ultimately enhancing the quality of life for patients worldwide.
基金Supported by Guiding Project of Hebei Provincial Health Commission,No.20201190 and 20180220.
文摘BACKGROUND Effective health management for high-risk stroke populations is essential.The hospital-community-home(HCH)collaborative health management(CHM)model leverages resources from hospitals,communities,and families.By integrating patient information across these three domains,it facilitates the delivery of tailored guidance,health risk assessments,and three-in-one health education.AIM To explore the effects of the HCH-CHM model on stroke risk reduction in highrisk populations.METHODS In total,110 high-risk stroke patients screened in the community from January 2019 to January 2023 were enrolled,with 52 patients in the control group receiving routine health education and 58 in the observation group receiving HCH-CHM model interventions based on routine health education.Stroke awareness scores,health behavior levels,medication adherence,blood pressure,serum biochemical markers(systolic/diastolic blood pressure,total cholesterol,and triglyceride),and psychological measures(self-rating anxiety/depression scale)were evaluated and compared between groups.RESULTS The observation group showed statistically significant improvements in stroke awareness scores and health behavior levels compared to the control group(P<0.05),with notable enhancements in lifestyle and dietary habits(P<0.05)and reductions in postintervention systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,total cholesterol,triglyceride,self-rating anxiety scale,and self-rating depression scale scores(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The HCH-CHM model had a significant positive effect on high-risk stroke populations,effectively increasing disease awareness,improving health behavior and medication adherence,and appropriately ameliorating blood pressure,serum biochemical marker levels,and negative psychological symptoms.
文摘BACKGROUND Monkeypox(Mpox),is a disease of global public health concern,as it does not affect only countries in western and central Africa.AIM To assess Burundi healthcare workers(HCWs)s’level of knowledge and confidence in the diagnosis and management of Mpox.METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study via an online survey designed mainly from the World Health Organization course distributed among Burundi HCWs from June-July 2023.The questionnaire comprises 8 socioprofessional-related questions,22 questions about Mpox disease knowledge,and 3 questions to assess confidence in Mpox diagnosis and management.The data were analyzed via SPSS software version 25.0.A P value<0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.RESULTS The study sample comprised 471 HCWs who were mainly medical doctors(63.9%)and nurses(30.1%).None of the 22 questions concerning Mpox knowledge had at least 50%correct responses.A very low number of HCWs(17.4%)knew that Mpox has a vaccine.The confidence level to diagnose(21.20%),treat(18.00%)or prevent(23.30%)Mpox was low among HCWs.The confidence level in the diagnosis of Mpox was associated with the HCWs’age(P value=0.009),sex(P value<0.001),work experience(P value=0.002),and residence(P value<0.001).The confidence level to treat Mpox was significantly associated with the HCWs’age(P value=0.050),sex(P value<0.001),education(P value=0.033)and occupation(P value=0.005).The confidence level to prevent Mpox was associated with the HCWs’education(P value<0.001),work experience(P value=0.002),residence(P value<0.001)and type of work institution(P value=0.003).CONCLUSION This study revealed that HCWs have the lowest level of knowledge regarding Mpox and a lack of confidence in the ability to diagnose,treat or prevent it.There is an urgent need to organize continuing medical education programs on Mpox epidemiology and preparedness for Burundi HCWs.We encourage future researchers to assess potential hesitancy toward Mpox vaccination and its associated factors.
文摘The integration of digital technologies into oral health care is transforming the field, driving advancements in diagnostic precision, patient engagement, and access to care. This review evaluates the impact of mobile health (mHealth) applications, tele-dentistry, artificial intelligence (AI), wearable devices, and advanced imaging systems on modern dentistry. Synthesizing findings from 125 studies published between 2010 and 2024, the paper identifies key achievements, including improved patient compliance, enhanced diagnostic capabilities, and expanded access to care in underserved areas. Tele-dentistry has been pivotal in bridging geographical gaps, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, while AI tools have revolutionized diagnostics and personalized treatment planning. Wearable devices and mHealth applications have empowered patients with real-time feedback, fostering sustained adherence to oral hygiene practices. The review also highlights the potential of digital tools to reduce healthcare disparities and operational costs, paving the way for more equitable and efficient dental care. By outlining critical advancements and future directions, this paper underscores the transformative potential of digital health technologies in dentistry. It advocates for further research on data security, interoperability, and innovative applications of AI to maximize the benefits of these tools, ultimately shaping a more accessible and patient-focused oral health ecosystem.
基金funded by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research(JP19K19762,JP 23K10258)from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science,Japan.
文摘Objectives:To evaluate the occurrence of depression and its related factors among public health nurses(PHNs)engaged in child neglect-related abuse cases.Methods:A cross-sectional study of PHNs involved in maternal and child health or child and family welfare,and engaged in cases of child neglect-related abuse was conducted from January to March 2023 in all municipalities of 13 prefectures selected from Japan's seven regions,considering geographic diversity and major urban areas.The Patient Health Questionnaire-2 was used to screen for depression.Statistical analyses included the Chi-square test,Mann-Whitney U test,and logistic regression analysis.Results:A total of 359 provided valid responses.Among them,11.4%screened positive for depression.Significant individual factors related depression were management-stage nurses(OR=6.27,95%CI:1.63-24.18),no disability welfare experience(OR=3.49,95%CI:1.05-11.55),being assignment of highrisk cases within the past year(OR=8.28,95%CI:2.07-33.08),and lower work control(OR=0.53,95%CI:0.32-0.86).Workplace environment factors were lower perceptions and relationships within the workplace(OR=0.43,95%CI:0.29-0.65)and perceiving manpower as not secured(OR=9.07,95%CI:1.17-70.40),Conclusions:Mental health measures for PHNs should include workload management and reduced burdens through workforce enhancement,attention to burdens on managerial PHNs,promoting communication and mutual support,and opportunities to engage in disability welfare work.
基金funded by the Scientific ResearchDeanship at theUniversity ofHa’il-Saudi Arabia through project number-RG-23251.
文摘This review aims to analyze the development and impact of Artificial Intelligence(AI)in the context of Saudi Arabia’s public healthcare system to fulfill Vision 2030 objectives.It is extensively devoted to AI technology deployment relevant to disease management,healthcare delivery,epidemiology,and policy-making.However,its AI is culturally sensitive and ethically grounded in Islam.Based on the PRISMA framework,an SLR evaluated primary academic literature,cases,and practices of Saudi Arabia’s AI implementation in the public healthcare sector.Instead,it categorizes prior research based on how AI can work,the issues it poses,and its implications for the Kingdom’s healthcare system.The Saudi Arabian context analyses show that AI has increased the discreet prediction of diseases,resource management,and monitoring outbreaks during mass congregations such as hajj.Therefore,the study outlines critical areas for defining the potential for artificial intelligence and areas for enhancing digital development to support global healthcare progress.The key themes emerging from the review include Saudi Arabia:(i)the effectiveness of AI with human interaction for sustainable health services;(ii)conditions and quality control to enhance the quality of health care services using AI;(iii)environmental factors as influencing factors for public health care;(iv)Artificial Intelligence,and advanced decision-making technology for Middle Eastern health care systems.For policymakers,healthcare managers,and researchers who will engage with AI innovation,the review proclaims that AI applications should respect the country’s socio-cultural and ethical practices and pave the way for sustainable healthcare provision.More empirical research is needed on the implementation issues with AI,creating culturally appropriate models of AI,and finding new applications of AI to address the increasing demand for healthcare services in Saudi Arabia.
基金Bangor University,UK supported this study through the International Science Partnerships Fund(ISPF)。
文摘Objective:Studies on the occupational health risks and experiences of healthcare waste handlers since the decline in coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)incidence are scarce in Nigeria.The current study aimed to examine what seemed as the"hidden"and rarely researched area of practice from the standpoint of different stakeholders in a Nigerian Lassa fever treatment hospital.The primary objective was to understand the nature of waste handlers'practices and experiences and identify areas for improvement centred on supporting the development of best practices,in accordance with the World Health Organisation(WHO)guidelines.Methods:This study employed a qualitative case study design,gathering data from healthcare waste handlers(n=34)through four focus groups.Additionally,four in-depth interviews were conducted with ward managers and the infection control team to gain insight into the organisational framing of waste handling practice,the perceived challenges faced by waste handlers from their perspectives,and the provision of training and support.The qualitative data were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim through manual processes and subjected to a reflexive thematic analysis conducted manually.Results:The findings revealed that waste handlers were subjected to various occupational health risks,including back pain,needlestick injuries,psychological distress,fatigue,anxiety,and prolonged exposure to sunlight.Concerns were raised regarding the inadequate supply of personal protective equipment and other essential tools,which suggests a need for organisational commitment to ensure the continual availability of these resources to protect the health and safety of these employees.A critical issue identified was the lack of comprehensive training for waste handlers,highlighting a form of organisational negligence.The consensual views expressed by the waste handlers indicated a sense of dissatisfaction with their working environment,largely attributable to organisational and societal stigmatisation.Furthermore,the study underscored that the hospital management faced significant financial constraints and advocated for increased funding to effectively implement best practice standards.Conclusion:To effectively manage healthcare waste and reduce hazards to waste handlers,the organisational leadership should prioritise training and support.This initiative will not only benefit the waste handlers but also the patients,other healthcare workers,and the general public.Although the findings focus on the case context of a Nigerian Lassa fever treatment hospital,the wider implications of this study are linked to the role of institutional support for waste handling practice.Moreover,it extends to the potential positions of institutions as displaying a form of"benign anomie"in not ensuring the wellbeing of waste handlers through sufficient regulation and governance focused on prioritisation,processes,and procedures.The study highlights the relevance of embedding WHO guidelines in other similar contexts as part of implementation across institutions involved with waste handling.
文摘The Global Health Network Conference 2022 addressed the critical need for expanded health research capabilities in low-and middle-income countries and low-resource settings,particularly in light of global health threats such as pandemics and climate change.This deficit often results in insufficient research to inform effective health interventions.Held in Cape Town,South Africa,the conference brought together a diverse group of health researchers,practitioners,and policymakers from over 50 countries to explore how health research can be embedded into every healthcare setting.The conference emphasized fostering leadership,integrating research findings into policy and practice,enabling research in all healthcare settings,and engaging communities through the research process.This article collates and considers the key findings and recommendations from the eight sessions.These sessions were designed to follow the research cycle,from setting the question to taking the findings into practice,with a focus on capacity building,data-driven decision-making,and tackling gender and societal disparities.Our aim is that by reporting these outputs we can share valuable experience and insights that can help research teams in their studies and through doing so,spark a shift in global health research through this remarkable collaborative effort in knowledge and methods sharing that continues through the Global Health Network community.The recommendations derived from this conference align with the World Health Organization's strategies for reinforcing health research systems and showcase the importance of empowering low-and middle-income countries to conduct research that addresses their unique health challenges.By advancing global health research through collaboration,innovation,and community involvement,the conference laid the groundwork for a comprehensive framework that supports the Sustainable Development Goals and promotes equitable healthcare for all.
文摘With the civilization and modernization of human society,occupational health has emerged as a fundamental goal of social justice,as highlighted in the United Nations'Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)since 2016.Specifically,"SDG Goal 1:No Poverty","SDG 3:Good Health and Well-being",and"SDG 8:Decent Work and Economic Growth",are interconnected with other SDGs to support the pursuit of occupational health.
文摘Diabetes affects an estimated 828 million people globally,with approximately 44%living in China and India.Rural residents with diabetes in these countries face significant challenges in access to care.Although digital health interventions are increasingly used to reach underserved populations,considerable knowledge gaps exist.This mini-review presents the first comparative analysis of digital health implementations for diabetes care in rural China and India,comprising clinical decision support tools,telemedicine,and mobile health applications.The review examines how their distinct health system structures influence technology adoption and clinical outcomes.China's hierarchical administrative structure facilitates standardized nationwide platforms with consistent protocols,while India's federal system enables diverse localized innovations that accommodate regional diversity.Cluster-randomized trials for digital health tools in rural China show significant improvements in glycemic control.In India,interventions examined in this review were associated with improved health behaviors and medication adherence.Both countries demonstrate that digital interventions leveraging existing social structures and co-created with stakeholders yield better outcomes than standard care approaches.This analysis provides actionable insights for policymakers globally while identifying valuable opportunities for knowledge exchange between these two nations that together are home to nearly half of all people living with diabetes worldwide.
文摘As the population of older Asian Americans continues to grow rapidly,understanding their mental health needs has become increasingly critical.This literature review summarizes current issues,developments,and future directions in addressing the mental health challenges faced by older Asian Americans in the last five years.We briefly touch on the comparative prevalence of mental health disorders experienced by ethnic subgroups.Additionally,we review recent studies highlighting the role of the coronavirus disease 2019,racism,social support,cultural stigma,and self-rated health as significant factors influencing mental well-being of this population.We discuss the utilization of health services among older Asian Americans.We conclude with thoughts for future research,emphasizing the importance of longitudinal studies,consideration of diverse Asian American ethnic subgroups,and culturally sensitive diagnostic and treatment approaches.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Tech-nology of the People’s Republic of China(2023ZD0506000)the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(ClFMS,2023-I2M-2-001)the Non-profit Central Research Institute Fund of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(2022-ZHCH330-01).The statements made and views expressed are solely the responsibility of the authors.
文摘Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)is a complex condition marked by considerable interindividual heterogeneity.Comorbidities exacerbate this variability,worsening disease severity and reducing health-related quality of life(HRQoL).Despite the high prevalence of COPD in China,COPD patient clusters remain poorly characterized.This study aimed to identify and validate clusters of Chinese patients with COPD,characterized primarily by comorbidity profiles,using cluster analysis.This cross-sectional,multicenter cohort study used data from the Chinese Enjoying Breathing Program(2020–2023).HRQoL was measured using the EuroQol five dimension(EQ-5D).Dimension reduction was performed via multiple correspondence analysis on 31 variables,including indicators of 27 comorbidities and four sociodemographic or health-related characteristics.Unsupervised machine learning algorithms,K-means++,and hierarchical clustering identified distinct clusters.Robustness was assessed using random forest classification.Logistic regression evaluated the association between cluster membership and EQ-5D outcomes.Among 11145 patients,59.4%had comorbidities.Four clusters emerged:young male smokers,biomass-exposed females,respiratory comorbidity,and elderly multimorbid.The last two clusters had notably lower HRQoL.Cluster analysis identified four clinically meaningful COPD patient clusters based on comorbidities and risk profiles,each with distinct HRQoL outcomes.These findings support targeted public health interventions and integrated care strategies for COPD management.
基金supported by the Bio&Medical Technology Development Program of the National Research Foundation(NRF)&funded by the Korean government(MSIT)(NRF-2021M3A9E4080780)Hankuk University of Foreign Studies(2024).
文摘Objectives:Population aging is occurring at a rapid speed all over the world,bringing considerable public health challenges,including for the mental health of older adults.Considering that older populations are prone to depression and stress,the need for effective preventive interventions is critical.Thus,we conducted a study aimed at exploring the preventive impact of a community-based Tai Chi program over 8 weeks on depression and perceived stress in healthy older adults in South Korea.Methods:A quasi-experimental design was utilized,with 63 older adults participating(31 individuals in the Tai Chi group and 32 in the control group).The Tai Chi intervention was a supervised session 3 times per week.Data were obtained anonymously at baseline and post-intervention(week 8),with validated measures,including the Geriatric Depression Scale and the Korean version of the Brief Encounter Psychosocial Instrument.Data analysis included frequency distributions,descriptive statistics,and repeated measures analysis of variance to examine group×time interaction effects.Results:Baseline characteristics were comparable between groups.A repeated measures analysis of variance revealed significant group×time interaction effects for depression(Wilks’Lambda=0.868,F1,57=8.63,p=0.005,partialη^(2)=0.13)and perceived stress(Wilks’Lambda=0.831,F1,57=11.62,p=0.001,partialη^(2)=0.17).In particular,participants in the Tai Chi group had significantly greater reductions in depression and perceived stress than participants in the control group.Conclusions:These results suggest that Tai Chi may contribute to more favorable changes in depression and perceived stress among healthy older adults compared to no intervention,suggesting its usefulness as a culturally appropriate intervention for sustainable enhancement of mental health and successful aging in rapidly aging societies,including South Korea.
