AIM: To describe the prevalence, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of end stage liver disease (ESLD) patients with severe epistaxis thought to be severe upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (UGIH).
Seasonal variability of dissolved and particulate methylmercury（F-MeHg, P-MeHg） concentrations was studied in the waters of the Amazon River and its associated Curuai floodplain during hydrological year 2005–2006, ...Seasonal variability of dissolved and particulate methylmercury（F-MeHg, P-MeHg） concentrations was studied in the waters of the Amazon River and its associated Curuai floodplain during hydrological year 2005–2006, to understand the MeHg exchanges between these aquatic systems. In the oxic white water lakes, with neutral pH, high F-MeHg and P-MeHg concentrations were measured during the rising water stage（0.70 ± 0.37 pmol/L, n = 26） and flood peak（14.19 ± 9.32 pmol/g, n = 7） respectively, when the Amazon River water discharge into the lakes was at its maximum. The lowest mean values were reported during the dry season（0.18 ± 0.07 pmol/L F-MeHg, n = 10 and 1.35 ± 1.24 pmol/g P-MeHg, n = 8）, when water and suspended sediments were outflowing from the lakes into the River. In these lakes,the MeHg concentrations were associated to the aluminium and organic carbon/nitrogen changes. In the black water lakes, with acidic pH and reducing conditions, elevated MeHg concentrations were recorded（0.58 ± 0.32 pmol/L F-MeHg, n = 16 and 19.82 ± 15.13 pmol/g PMeHg, n = 6）, and correlated with the organic carbon and manganese concentrations. Elevated values of MeHg partition coefficient（4.87 〈 Kd〈 5.08 log（L/kg） indicate that MeHg is mainly transported associated with the particulate phase. The P-MeHg enrichment detected in all lakes suggests autochthonous MeHg inputs from the sediments into the water column. The MeHg mass balance showed that the Curuai floodplain is not the source of P-MeHg for the Amazon River.展开更多
The interplay between glucose metabolism and that of the two other primary nutrient classes, amino acids and fatty acids is critical for regulated insulin secretion. Mitochondrial metabolism of glucose, amino acid and...The interplay between glucose metabolism and that of the two other primary nutrient classes, amino acids and fatty acids is critical for regulated insulin secretion. Mitochondrial metabolism of glucose, amino acid and fatty acids generates metabolic coupling factors(such as ATP, NADPH, glutamate, long chain acyl-CoA and diacylglycerol) which trigger insulin secretion. The observation of protein induced hypoglycaemia in patients with mutations in GLUD1 gene, encoding the enzyme glutamate dehydrogenase(GDH) and HADH gene, encoding for the enzyme short-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase has provided new mechanistic insights into the regulation of insulin secretion by amino acid and fatty acid metabolism. Metabolic signals arising from amino acid and fatty acid metabolism converge on the enzyme GDH which integrates both signals from both pathways and controls insulin secretion. Hence GDH seems to play a pivotal role in regulating both amino acid and fatty acid metabolism.展开更多
Magnetotactic bacteria are a diverse group of motile prokaryotes that are ubiquitous in aquatic habitats and cosmopolitan in distribution. In this study, we collected magnetotactic bacteria from the Mediterranean Sea....Magnetotactic bacteria are a diverse group of motile prokaryotes that are ubiquitous in aquatic habitats and cosmopolitan in distribution. In this study, we collected magnetotactic bacteria from the Mediterranean Sea. A remarkable diversity of morphotypes was observed, including multicellular types that seemed to differ from those previously found in North and South America. Another interesting organism was one with magnetosomes arranged in a six-stranded bundle which occupied one third of the cell width. The magnetosome bundle was evident even under optic microscopy. These cells were connected together and swam as a linear entire unit. Magnetosomes did not always align up to form a straight linear chain. A chain composed of rectangle magnetosomes bent at a posi- tion with an oval crystal. High resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis of the crystal at the pivotal position suggested uncompleted formation of the crystal. This is the first report of Mediterranean magnetotactic bacteria, which should be useful for studies of biogeochemical cycling and geohistory of the Mediterranean Sea.展开更多
Worldwide,the burden of the non viral causes of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is usually underestimated.Clearly industrial goods,tobacco,alcohol and processed foods are the agents of new epidemics in modern times whic...Worldwide,the burden of the non viral causes of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is usually underestimated.Clearly industrial goods,tobacco,alcohol and processed foods are the agents of new epidemics in modern times which far outscore the burden of infectious agents on morbidity and mortality.Smoking,a dose-related contributing factor for HCC,receives too little attention in clinical practice.In France,tobacco,hepatitis B and C virus and alcohol are the main risk factors for HCC mortality(33%,31% and 26%,respectively).In developing countries,where tobacco consumption is dramatically increasing,this epidemic may soon surpass hepatitis B.Obesity and diabetes are the contributing factors too.The role of industrial processed foods in the increase of the prevalence of obesity and diabetes cannot be ignored.展开更多
Glucocorticosteroids have been used as the only treatment for a long time which significantly reduced the mortality of the patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis.The efficacy of transplantation has been recently add...Glucocorticosteroids have been used as the only treatment for a long time which significantly reduced the mortality of the patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis.The efficacy of transplantation has been recently addressed in a pilot study.The result seems promising but needs larger multicenter trials.展开更多
The national standard GB/T 24549—2009 Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle—Safety Requirements specifies the general safety requirements for whole vehicle and key parts of Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV).It is of great sign...The national standard GB/T 24549—2009 Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle—Safety Requirements specifies the general safety requirements for whole vehicle and key parts of Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV).It is of great significance for the development of FCEV in china.This paper discusses the main contents and the background of its development.展开更多
BACKGROUND Prolonged donor hepatectomy time may be implicated in early and late complications of liver transplantation.AIM To evaluate the impact of donor hepatectomy time on outcomes of liver transplant recipients,ma...BACKGROUND Prolonged donor hepatectomy time may be implicated in early and late complications of liver transplantation.AIM To evaluate the impact of donor hepatectomy time on outcomes of liver transplant recipients,mainly early allograft dysfunction.METHODS This multicenter retrospective study included brain-dead donors and adult liver graft recipients.Donor-recipient matching was obtained through a crossover list.Clinical and laboratory data were recorded for both donors and recipients.Donor hepatectomy,cold ischemia,and warm ischemia times were recorded.Primary outcome was early allograft dysfunction.Secondary outcomes included need for retransplantation,length of intensive care unit and hospital stay,and patient and graft survival at 12 months.RESULTS From January 2019 to December 2021,a total of 243 patients underwent a liver transplant from a brain-dead donor.Of these,57(25%)developed early allograft dysfunction.The median donor hepatectomy time was 29(23–40)min.Patients with early allograft dysfunction had a median hepatectomy time of 25(22–38)min,whereas those without it had a median time of 30(24–40)min(P=0.126).CONCLUSION Donor hepatectomy time was not associated with early allograft dysfunction,graft survival,or patient survival following liver transplantation.展开更多
With a sustained period of economic growth, rapidly growing populations and with more diversified economies Africa need sustainable development; hence the greater need for massive investments in energy. Sub-Saharan co...With a sustained period of economic growth, rapidly growing populations and with more diversified economies Africa need sustainable development; hence the greater need for massive investments in energy. Sub-Saharan countries such as Djibouti have the potential and ability to harness their natural ventilation as a passive cooling system for designing new houses. The rapid expansion of the Djibouti city is affecting negatively the environment and the safety and comfort of its inhabitants. Proper atmospheric urban planning and management are key to making cities environmentally friendly and sustainable. Based on energy consumption, climate conditions in Djibouti and numerical analysis using Computational Fluid Dynamics （CFD）, it is apparent that the natural ventilation creates a thermally comfortable indoor environment in buildings during the cool season of the year. Measured wind data from two measurement systems are presented and discussed. Statistical analyses, wind rose, Weibull distribution were carried out to understand the natural ventilation characteristic, which is used for evolving the basic criteria for economic viability of building in the semi-arid climate of Djibouti. The study found that it is possible to benefit from natural ventilation in buildings during the cool season of the year.展开更多
<strong>Introduction:</strong> Due to the growth of the elderly population, there is a notable lack of preparation among family members and society to face the challenges of this new reality, resulting in ...<strong>Introduction:</strong> Due to the growth of the elderly population, there is a notable lack of preparation among family members and society to face the challenges of this new reality, resulting in an increasing demand for homes for the aged (HA). It is necessary to understand how the impairment of physical health, mental health and the level of depression can affect the functional capacity of the institutionalized elderly who live in homes for the aged. <strong>Objective:</strong> To describe the correlation between depression and functionality of elderly people who live in homes for the aged. <strong>Method:</strong> A cross-sectional, descriptive study with 70 elderly people of both sexes, aged 60 years or older, who live in HA in the state of Rio de Janeiro. <strong>Result: </strong>It was verified that the female gender was predominant in the HA consulted. The majority of elderly live in HA voluntarily 48.6% and that 41.43% did not complete elementary school. The majority of the elderly 81.43% had the ability to perform basic activities of daily living and the elderly 52.86% had normal psychological pictures. The worsening of the depressive picture is associated with the worse functioning of elderly who live in HA (p < 0.02). <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Depression is a factor that is associated with the functional capacity of the institutionalized elderly. The worse the functional level of the institutionalized elderly, the greater the chances of presenting a depressive state.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the potential of superparamagnetic iron oxide particles (SPIO) in MR imaging for the differentiation between hyperplastic and metastatic lymph node. Methods: Animal models of malignant lymph ...Objective: To investigate the potential of superparamagnetic iron oxide particles (SPIO) in MR imaging for the differentiation between hyperplastic and metastatic lymph node. Methods: Animal models of malignant lymph node metastasis were established in 6 New-Zealand rabbits by a unilateral intra-muscular injection of VX2 carcinoma cells, and models of hyperplastic lymph nodes were induced in another 6 rabbits by a unilateral intra-muscular injection of egg yolk emulsion. MR images of the lymph nodes were obtained before and 12 h after interstitial injection of SPIO. Image results were analyzed and compared with pathological findings. Results: On unenhanced images, the signal intensity of hyperplastic and metastatic lymph nodes did not differ significantly. After administration of SPIO, the signal intensity of both hyperplastic and metastatic lymph nodes remained unchanged on T1-weighted SE images. On T2-weighted SE images, the signal intensity of hyperplastic lymph nodes decreased heterogeneously, while that of all metastatic ones remained unchanged. On T2-weighted GRE images, the signal intensity of hyperplastic lymph nodes decreased significantly and homogeneously, while that of 4 metastatic ones remained unchanged and that of the rest 2 decreased heterogeneously. Conclusion: SPIO-enhanced MR imaging may enable the differentiation between the hyperplastic and metastatic lymph nodes.展开更多
The geospatial sciences face grand information technology(IT)challenges in the twenty-first century:data intensity,computing intensity,concurrent access intensity and spatiotemporal intensity.These challenges require ...The geospatial sciences face grand information technology(IT)challenges in the twenty-first century:data intensity,computing intensity,concurrent access intensity and spatiotemporal intensity.These challenges require the readiness of a computing infrastructure that can:(1)better support discovery,access and utilization of data and data processing so as to relieve scientists and engineers of IT tasks and focus on scientific discoveries;(2)provide real-time IT resources to enable real-time applications,such as emergency response;(3)deal with access spikes;and(4)provide more reliable and scalable service for massive numbers of concurrent users to advance public knowledge.The emergence of cloud computing provides a potential solution with an elastic,on-demand computing platform to integrateobservation systems,parameter extracting algorithms,phenomena simulations,analytical visualization and decision support,and to provide social impact and user feedbackthe essential elements of the geospatial sciences.We discuss the utilization of cloud computing to support the intensities of geospatial sciences by reporting from our investigations on how cloud computing could enable the geospatial sciences and how spatiotemporal principles,the kernel of the geospatial sciences,could be utilized to ensure the benefits of cloud computing.Four research examples are presented to analyze how to:(1)search,access and utilize geospatial data;(2)configure computing infrastructure to enable the computability of intensive simulation models;(3)disseminate and utilize research results for massive numbers of concurrent users;and(4)adopt spatiotemporal principles to support spatiotemporal intensive applications.The paper concludes with a discussion of opportunities and challenges for spatial cloud computing(SCC).展开更多
基金Supported by National Institutes of Health,No.41301Veteran Administration Clinical Merit Review Grant,to Dr Dennis M JensenPhilippe Foundation Grant,to Dr.Marine Camus
文摘AIM: To describe the prevalence, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of end stage liver disease (ESLD) patients with severe epistaxis thought to be severe upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (UGIH).
基金a PhD grant delivered by the Alban Programthe European Union Program of High Level Scholarship for Latin American, scholarship no.E04D0445592BR
文摘Seasonal variability of dissolved and particulate methylmercury（F-MeHg, P-MeHg） concentrations was studied in the waters of the Amazon River and its associated Curuai floodplain during hydrological year 2005–2006, to understand the MeHg exchanges between these aquatic systems. In the oxic white water lakes, with neutral pH, high F-MeHg and P-MeHg concentrations were measured during the rising water stage（0.70 ± 0.37 pmol/L, n = 26） and flood peak（14.19 ± 9.32 pmol/g, n = 7） respectively, when the Amazon River water discharge into the lakes was at its maximum. The lowest mean values were reported during the dry season（0.18 ± 0.07 pmol/L F-MeHg, n = 10 and 1.35 ± 1.24 pmol/g P-MeHg, n = 8）, when water and suspended sediments were outflowing from the lakes into the River. In these lakes,the MeHg concentrations were associated to the aluminium and organic carbon/nitrogen changes. In the black water lakes, with acidic pH and reducing conditions, elevated MeHg concentrations were recorded（0.58 ± 0.32 pmol/L F-MeHg, n = 16 and 19.82 ± 15.13 pmol/g PMeHg, n = 6）, and correlated with the organic carbon and manganese concentrations. Elevated values of MeHg partition coefficient（4.87 〈 Kd〈 5.08 log（L/kg） indicate that MeHg is mainly transported associated with the particulate phase. The P-MeHg enrichment detected in all lakes suggests autochthonous MeHg inputs from the sediments into the water column. The MeHg mass balance showed that the Curuai floodplain is not the source of P-MeHg for the Amazon River.
文摘The interplay between glucose metabolism and that of the two other primary nutrient classes, amino acids and fatty acids is critical for regulated insulin secretion. Mitochondrial metabolism of glucose, amino acid and fatty acids generates metabolic coupling factors(such as ATP, NADPH, glutamate, long chain acyl-CoA and diacylglycerol) which trigger insulin secretion. The observation of protein induced hypoglycaemia in patients with mutations in GLUD1 gene, encoding the enzyme glutamate dehydrogenase(GDH) and HADH gene, encoding for the enzyme short-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase has provided new mechanistic insights into the regulation of insulin secretion by amino acid and fatty acid metabolism. Metabolic signals arising from amino acid and fatty acid metabolism converge on the enzyme GDH which integrates both signals from both pathways and controls insulin secretion. Hence GDH seems to play a pivotal role in regulating both amino acid and fatty acid metabolism.
文摘Magnetotactic bacteria are a diverse group of motile prokaryotes that are ubiquitous in aquatic habitats and cosmopolitan in distribution. In this study, we collected magnetotactic bacteria from the Mediterranean Sea. A remarkable diversity of morphotypes was observed, including multicellular types that seemed to differ from those previously found in North and South America. Another interesting organism was one with magnetosomes arranged in a six-stranded bundle which occupied one third of the cell width. The magnetosome bundle was evident even under optic microscopy. These cells were connected together and swam as a linear entire unit. Magnetosomes did not always align up to form a straight linear chain. A chain composed of rectangle magnetosomes bent at a posi- tion with an oval crystal. High resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis of the crystal at the pivotal position suggested uncompleted formation of the crystal. This is the first report of Mediterranean magnetotactic bacteria, which should be useful for studies of biogeochemical cycling and geohistory of the Mediterranean Sea.
文摘Worldwide,the burden of the non viral causes of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is usually underestimated.Clearly industrial goods,tobacco,alcohol and processed foods are the agents of new epidemics in modern times which far outscore the burden of infectious agents on morbidity and mortality.Smoking,a dose-related contributing factor for HCC,receives too little attention in clinical practice.In France,tobacco,hepatitis B and C virus and alcohol are the main risk factors for HCC mortality(33%,31% and 26%,respectively).In developing countries,where tobacco consumption is dramatically increasing,this epidemic may soon surpass hepatitis B.Obesity and diabetes are the contributing factors too.The role of industrial processed foods in the increase of the prevalence of obesity and diabetes cannot be ignored.
文摘Glucocorticosteroids have been used as the only treatment for a long time which significantly reduced the mortality of the patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis.The efficacy of transplantation has been recently addressed in a pilot study.The result seems promising but needs larger multicenter trials.
文摘The national standard GB/T 24549—2009 Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle—Safety Requirements specifies the general safety requirements for whole vehicle and key parts of Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV).It is of great significance for the development of FCEV in china.This paper discusses the main contents and the background of its development.
文摘BACKGROUND Prolonged donor hepatectomy time may be implicated in early and late complications of liver transplantation.AIM To evaluate the impact of donor hepatectomy time on outcomes of liver transplant recipients,mainly early allograft dysfunction.METHODS This multicenter retrospective study included brain-dead donors and adult liver graft recipients.Donor-recipient matching was obtained through a crossover list.Clinical and laboratory data were recorded for both donors and recipients.Donor hepatectomy,cold ischemia,and warm ischemia times were recorded.Primary outcome was early allograft dysfunction.Secondary outcomes included need for retransplantation,length of intensive care unit and hospital stay,and patient and graft survival at 12 months.RESULTS From January 2019 to December 2021,a total of 243 patients underwent a liver transplant from a brain-dead donor.Of these,57(25%)developed early allograft dysfunction.The median donor hepatectomy time was 29(23–40)min.Patients with early allograft dysfunction had a median hepatectomy time of 25(22–38)min,whereas those without it had a median time of 30(24–40)min(P=0.126).CONCLUSION Donor hepatectomy time was not associated with early allograft dysfunction,graft survival,or patient survival following liver transplantation.
文摘With a sustained period of economic growth, rapidly growing populations and with more diversified economies Africa need sustainable development; hence the greater need for massive investments in energy. Sub-Saharan countries such as Djibouti have the potential and ability to harness their natural ventilation as a passive cooling system for designing new houses. The rapid expansion of the Djibouti city is affecting negatively the environment and the safety and comfort of its inhabitants. Proper atmospheric urban planning and management are key to making cities environmentally friendly and sustainable. Based on energy consumption, climate conditions in Djibouti and numerical analysis using Computational Fluid Dynamics （CFD）, it is apparent that the natural ventilation creates a thermally comfortable indoor environment in buildings during the cool season of the year. Measured wind data from two measurement systems are presented and discussed. Statistical analyses, wind rose, Weibull distribution were carried out to understand the natural ventilation characteristic, which is used for evolving the basic criteria for economic viability of building in the semi-arid climate of Djibouti. The study found that it is possible to benefit from natural ventilation in buildings during the cool season of the year.
文摘<strong>Introduction:</strong> Due to the growth of the elderly population, there is a notable lack of preparation among family members and society to face the challenges of this new reality, resulting in an increasing demand for homes for the aged (HA). It is necessary to understand how the impairment of physical health, mental health and the level of depression can affect the functional capacity of the institutionalized elderly who live in homes for the aged. <strong>Objective:</strong> To describe the correlation between depression and functionality of elderly people who live in homes for the aged. <strong>Method:</strong> A cross-sectional, descriptive study with 70 elderly people of both sexes, aged 60 years or older, who live in HA in the state of Rio de Janeiro. <strong>Result: </strong>It was verified that the female gender was predominant in the HA consulted. The majority of elderly live in HA voluntarily 48.6% and that 41.43% did not complete elementary school. The majority of the elderly 81.43% had the ability to perform basic activities of daily living and the elderly 52.86% had normal psychological pictures. The worsening of the depressive picture is associated with the worse functioning of elderly who live in HA (p < 0.02). <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Depression is a factor that is associated with the functional capacity of the institutionalized elderly. The worse the functional level of the institutionalized elderly, the greater the chances of presenting a depressive state.
文摘Objective: To investigate the potential of superparamagnetic iron oxide particles (SPIO) in MR imaging for the differentiation between hyperplastic and metastatic lymph node. Methods: Animal models of malignant lymph node metastasis were established in 6 New-Zealand rabbits by a unilateral intra-muscular injection of VX2 carcinoma cells, and models of hyperplastic lymph nodes were induced in another 6 rabbits by a unilateral intra-muscular injection of egg yolk emulsion. MR images of the lymph nodes were obtained before and 12 h after interstitial injection of SPIO. Image results were analyzed and compared with pathological findings. Results: On unenhanced images, the signal intensity of hyperplastic and metastatic lymph nodes did not differ significantly. After administration of SPIO, the signal intensity of both hyperplastic and metastatic lymph nodes remained unchanged on T1-weighted SE images. On T2-weighted SE images, the signal intensity of hyperplastic lymph nodes decreased heterogeneously, while that of all metastatic ones remained unchanged. On T2-weighted GRE images, the signal intensity of hyperplastic lymph nodes decreased significantly and homogeneously, while that of 4 metastatic ones remained unchanged and that of the rest 2 decreased heterogeneously. Conclusion: SPIO-enhanced MR imaging may enable the differentiation between the hyperplastic and metastatic lymph nodes.
基金We thank Drs.Huadong Guo and Changlin Wang for inviting us to write this definition and field review paper.Research reported is partially supported by NASA(NNX07AD99G and SMD-09-1448),FGDC(G09AC00103)Environmental Informatics Framework of the Earth,Energy,and Environment Program at Microsoft Research Connection.We thank insightful comments from reviewers including Dr.Aijun Chen(NASA/GMU),Dr.Thomas Huang(NASA JPL),Dr.Cao Kang(Clark Univ.),Krishna Kumar(Microsoft),Dr.Wenwen Li(UCSB),Dr.Michael Peterson(University of Nebraska-Omaha),Dr.Xuan Shi(Geogia Tech),Dr.Tong Zhang(Wuhan University),Jinesh Varia(Amazon)and an anonymous reviewer.This paper is a result from the collaborations/discussions with colleagues from NASA,FGDC,USGS,EPA,GSA,Microsoft,ESIP,AAG CISG,CPGIS,UCGIS,GEO,and ISDE.
文摘The geospatial sciences face grand information technology(IT)challenges in the twenty-first century:data intensity,computing intensity,concurrent access intensity and spatiotemporal intensity.These challenges require the readiness of a computing infrastructure that can:(1)better support discovery,access and utilization of data and data processing so as to relieve scientists and engineers of IT tasks and focus on scientific discoveries;(2)provide real-time IT resources to enable real-time applications,such as emergency response;(3)deal with access spikes;and(4)provide more reliable and scalable service for massive numbers of concurrent users to advance public knowledge.The emergence of cloud computing provides a potential solution with an elastic,on-demand computing platform to integrateobservation systems,parameter extracting algorithms,phenomena simulations,analytical visualization and decision support,and to provide social impact and user feedbackthe essential elements of the geospatial sciences.We discuss the utilization of cloud computing to support the intensities of geospatial sciences by reporting from our investigations on how cloud computing could enable the geospatial sciences and how spatiotemporal principles,the kernel of the geospatial sciences,could be utilized to ensure the benefits of cloud computing.Four research examples are presented to analyze how to:(1)search,access and utilize geospatial data;(2)configure computing infrastructure to enable the computability of intensive simulation models;(3)disseminate and utilize research results for massive numbers of concurrent users;and(4)adopt spatiotemporal principles to support spatiotemporal intensive applications.The paper concludes with a discussion of opportunities and challenges for spatial cloud computing(SCC).
