· AIM: To investigate and quantify changes in the branching patterns of the retina vascular network in diabetes using the fractal analysis method.·METHODS: This was a clinic-based prospective study of 172 pa...· AIM: To investigate and quantify changes in the branching patterns of the retina vascular network in diabetes using the fractal analysis method.·METHODS: This was a clinic-based prospective study of 172 participants managed at the Ophthalmological Clinic of Cluj-Napoca, Romania, between January 2012 and December 2013. A set of 172 segmented and skeletonized human retinal images, corresponding to both normal(24 images) and pathological(148 images)states of the retina were examined. An automatic unsupervised method for retinal vessel segmentation was applied before fractal analysis. The fractal analyses of the retinal digital images were performed using the fractal analysis software Image J. Statistical analyses were performed for these groups using Microsoft Office Excel2003 and Graph Pad In Stat software.·RESULTS: It was found that subtle changes in the vascular network geometry of the human retina are influenced by diabetic retinopathy(DR) and can be estimated using the fractal geometry. The average of fractal dimensions D for the normal images(segmented and skeletonized versions) is slightly lower than the corresponding values of mild non-proliferative DR(NPDR) images(segmented and skeletonized versions).The average of fractal dimensions D for the normal images(segmented and skeletonized versions) is higher than the corresponding values of moderate NPDR images(segmented and skeletonized versions). The lowestvalues were found for the corresponding values of severe NPDR images(segmented and skeletonized versions).· CONCLUSION: The fractal analysis of fundus photographs may be used for a more complete understanding of the early and basic pathophysiological mechanisms of diabetes. The architecture of the retinal microvasculature in diabetes can be quantitative quantified by means of the fractal dimension.Microvascular abnormalities on retinal imaging may elucidate early mechanistic pathways for microvascular complications and distinguish patients with DR from healthy individuals.展开更多
AIMTo characterize the human retinal vessel arborisation in normal and amblyopic eyes using multifractal geometry and lacunarity parameters.METHODSMultifractal analysis using a box counting algorithm was carried out f...AIMTo characterize the human retinal vessel arborisation in normal and amblyopic eyes using multifractal geometry and lacunarity parameters.METHODSMultifractal analysis using a box counting algorithm was carried out for a set of 12 segmented and skeletonized human retinal images, corresponding to both normal (6 images) and amblyopia states of the retina (6 images).RESULTSIt was found that the microvascular geometry of the human retina network represents geometrical multifractals, characterized through subsets of regions having different scaling properties that are not evident in the fractal analysis. Multifractal analysis of the amblyopia images (segmented and skeletonized versions) show a higher average of the generalized dimensions (D<sub>q</sub>) for q=0, 1, 2 indicating a higher degree of the tree-dimensional complexity associated with the human retinal microvasculature network whereas images of healthy subjects show a lower value of generalized dimensions indicating normal complexity of biostructure. On the other hand, the lacunarity analysis of the amblyopia images (segmented and skeletonized versions) show a lower average of the lacunarity parameter Λ than the corresponding values for normal images (segmented and skeletonized versions).CONCLUSIONThe multifractal and lacunarity analysis may be used as a non-invasive predictive complementary tool to distinguish amblyopic subjects from healthy subjects and hence this technique could be used for an early diagnosis of patients with amblyopia.展开更多
AIM：To apply the multifractal analysis method as a quantitative approach to a comprehensive description of the microvascular network architecture of the normal human retina.METHODS：Fifty volunteers were enrolled in ...AIM：To apply the multifractal analysis method as a quantitative approach to a comprehensive description of the microvascular network architecture of the normal human retina.METHODS：Fifty volunteers were enrolled in this study in the Ophthalmological Clinic of Cluj-Napoca,Romania,between January 2012 and January 2014. A set of 100 segmented and skeletonised human retinal images,corresponding to normal states of the retina were studied. An automatic unsupervised method for retinal vessel segmentation was applied before multifractal analysis. The multifractal analysis of digital retinal images was made with computer algorithms,applying the standard boxcounting method. Statistical analyses were performed using the Graph Pad In Stat software.RESULTS：The architecture of normal human retinal microvascular network was able to be described using the multifractal geometry. The average of generalized dimensions（D_q）for q=0,1,2,the width of the multifractal spectrum（Δα=α_（max）-α_（min））and the spectrum arms＇ heights difference（│Δf│）of the normal images were expressed as mean±standard deviation（SD）：for segmented versions,D_0=1.7014±0.0057; D_1=1.6507±0.0058; D_2=1.5772±0.0059; Δα=0.92441±0.0085; │Δf│= 0.1453±0.0051; for skeletonised versions,D_0=1.6303±0.0051; D_1=1.6012±0.0059; D_2=1.5531± 0.0058; Δα=0.65032±0.0162; │Δf│= 0.0238±0.0161. The average of generalized dimensions（D_q）for q=0,1,2,the width of the multifractal spectrum（Δα）and the spectrum arms＇ heights difference（│Δf│）of the segmented versions was slightly greater than the skeletonised versions.CONCLUSION：The multifractal analysis of fundus photographs may be used as a quantitative parameter for the evaluation of the complex three-dimensional structure of the retinal microvasculature as a potential marker for early detection of topological changes associated with retinal diseases.展开更多
Architecture communication on photo-sharing social networking services like Instagram focuses on photorealism.Meanwhile,the conceptual intention or the experience of the architectural space has less impact in these me...Architecture communication on photo-sharing social networking services like Instagram focuses on photorealism.Meanwhile,the conceptual intention or the experience of the architectural space has less impact in these media.Some architectural graphics techniques are closer to this purpose due to their nature.The main objective is to identify the visual qualities of the architectural space experience from a linear perspective.To do this,the research proposes the design of a visual pattern recognition tool and applies it to pairs of images(photography and drawing)from the same place.The results provide the strategy design based on five variables:the level of human presence,the distortion of perspective,the chromatic distortion,the overlay realism and the emphasis.Finally,the visual summaries lead to values that help to understand the communicative qualities of the experience of space due to their ability to compare main milestones of visual information.展开更多
This research analyzes the earliest located floor plan of the Mosque-Cathedral of Cordoba,an anonymous oil painting in 1741,which has not been studied so far.The objective is to know the dimensional accuracy of the mo...This research analyzes the earliest located floor plan of the Mosque-Cathedral of Cordoba,an anonymous oil painting in 1741,which has not been studied so far.The objective is to know the dimensional accuracy of the most relevant architectural forms drawn,considering the elements referenced in their legend and the graphic symbols used,to assess their documentary interest.It has also been compared with two important plans of the MosqueCathedral drawn in 1767 and 1868.The first task was a photogrammetric survey of the oil painting has been carried out.Subsequently,some data has been measured in the monument using a 3D scanner.The orthophoto of the oil painting has been overlapped to the digital model to verify its metric accuracy in a selection of points.For the first time,the legend and labels included in the oil painting have been transcribed.This precise graphic document contains reliable abundant data for future research about the transformations and restorations of a monument that is part of the UNESCO World Heritage List.The oil painting dating from 1741 can be considered as the first scientific plan of the Mosque-Cathedral of Cordoba,and as an outstanding architectural survey of eighteenth-century Europe.展开更多
The paper presents an approach to fast approximate estimation of conditions for spacetime structures appearing in the flows.The approach is based on combination of optimization problem computation with methods of data...The paper presents an approach to fast approximate estimation of conditions for spacetime structures appearing in the flows.The approach is based on combination of optimization problem computation with methods of data visual presentation.The visual presentation methods are applied for analysis of multidimensional array containing discrete result data.Optimization problem solution is implemented by parallel computation in a multitask form.For some cases,the approach allows to obtain for control parameter of considered problem the sought-for approximate dependence on characteristic parameters in a quasi-analytical form.展开更多
The study on trematode larvae found in Egyptian molluscs was initiated by the pioneering work of Sonsino in 1892 and Looss in 1896. Since then tens of cercariae and some digenean life cycles have been reported in the ...The study on trematode larvae found in Egyptian molluscs was initiated by the pioneering work of Sonsino in 1892 and Looss in 1896. Since then tens of cercariae and some digenean life cycles have been reported in the country. Unfortunately, only fragmentary publications are available for identification of cercariae present in the country. In addition, some of such publications may not be accessible to some researchers, as they are either theses or published in old volumes of non-international journals. The present work was carried out with the aim of preserving our heritage through reviewing the different types of cercariae known from the Egyptian inland water snails. We provide a survey based on literature. Major types of cercariae known to exist in the country are covered. They are presented as regards description, development, taxa, importance and snail hosts. This review can be used as a field guide for identification of cercariae colonising the Egyptian inland water snails.展开更多
COVID-19 is spreading within the sort of an enormous epidemic for the globe.This epidemic infects a lot of individuals in Egypt.The World Health Organization states that COVID-19 could be spread from one person to ano...COVID-19 is spreading within the sort of an enormous epidemic for the globe.This epidemic infects a lot of individuals in Egypt.The World Health Organization states that COVID-19 could be spread from one person to another at a very fast speed through contact and respiratory spray.On these days,Egypt and all countries worldwide should rise to an effective step to investigate this disease and eliminate the effects of this epidemic.In this paper displayed,the real database of COVID-19 for Egypt has been analysed from February 15,2020,to June 15,2020,and predicted with the number of patients that will be infected with COVID-19,and estimated the epidemic final size.Several regression analysis models have been applied for data analysis of COVID-19 of Egypt.In this study,we’ve been applied seven regression analysis-based models that are exponential polynomial,quadratic,thirddegree,fourth-degree,fifth-degree,sixth-degree,and logit growth respectively for the COVID-19 dataset.Thus,the exponential,fourth-degree,fifth-degree,and sixth-degree polynomial regression models are excellent models specially fourth-degree model that will help the government preparing their procedures for one month.In addition,we have applied the well-known logit growth regression model and we obtained the following epidemiological insights:Firstly,the epidemic peak could possibly reach at 22-June 2020 and final time of epidemic at 8-September 2020.Secondly,the final total size for cases 1.6676Et05 cases.The action from government of interevent over a relatively long interval is necessary to minimize the final epidemic size.展开更多
文摘· AIM: To investigate and quantify changes in the branching patterns of the retina vascular network in diabetes using the fractal analysis method.·METHODS: This was a clinic-based prospective study of 172 participants managed at the Ophthalmological Clinic of Cluj-Napoca, Romania, between January 2012 and December 2013. A set of 172 segmented and skeletonized human retinal images, corresponding to both normal(24 images) and pathological(148 images)states of the retina were examined. An automatic unsupervised method for retinal vessel segmentation was applied before fractal analysis. The fractal analyses of the retinal digital images were performed using the fractal analysis software Image J. Statistical analyses were performed for these groups using Microsoft Office Excel2003 and Graph Pad In Stat software.·RESULTS: It was found that subtle changes in the vascular network geometry of the human retina are influenced by diabetic retinopathy(DR) and can be estimated using the fractal geometry. The average of fractal dimensions D for the normal images(segmented and skeletonized versions) is slightly lower than the corresponding values of mild non-proliferative DR(NPDR) images(segmented and skeletonized versions).The average of fractal dimensions D for the normal images(segmented and skeletonized versions) is higher than the corresponding values of moderate NPDR images(segmented and skeletonized versions). The lowestvalues were found for the corresponding values of severe NPDR images(segmented and skeletonized versions).· CONCLUSION: The fractal analysis of fundus photographs may be used for a more complete understanding of the early and basic pathophysiological mechanisms of diabetes. The architecture of the retinal microvasculature in diabetes can be quantitative quantified by means of the fractal dimension.Microvascular abnormalities on retinal imaging may elucidate early mechanistic pathways for microvascular complications and distinguish patients with DR from healthy individuals.
文摘AIMTo characterize the human retinal vessel arborisation in normal and amblyopic eyes using multifractal geometry and lacunarity parameters.METHODSMultifractal analysis using a box counting algorithm was carried out for a set of 12 segmented and skeletonized human retinal images, corresponding to both normal (6 images) and amblyopia states of the retina (6 images).RESULTSIt was found that the microvascular geometry of the human retina network represents geometrical multifractals, characterized through subsets of regions having different scaling properties that are not evident in the fractal analysis. Multifractal analysis of the amblyopia images (segmented and skeletonized versions) show a higher average of the generalized dimensions (D<sub>q</sub>) for q=0, 1, 2 indicating a higher degree of the tree-dimensional complexity associated with the human retinal microvasculature network whereas images of healthy subjects show a lower value of generalized dimensions indicating normal complexity of biostructure. On the other hand, the lacunarity analysis of the amblyopia images (segmented and skeletonized versions) show a lower average of the lacunarity parameter Λ than the corresponding values for normal images (segmented and skeletonized versions).CONCLUSIONThe multifractal and lacunarity analysis may be used as a non-invasive predictive complementary tool to distinguish amblyopic subjects from healthy subjects and hence this technique could be used for an early diagnosis of patients with amblyopia.
基金the Program"Partnerships in priority domains"with the support of the National Education Ministry,the Executive Agency for Higher Education,Research,Development and Innovation Funding (UEFISCDI),Romania (Project code:PN-II-PT-PCCA-2013-4-1232)
文摘AIM：To apply the multifractal analysis method as a quantitative approach to a comprehensive description of the microvascular network architecture of the normal human retina.METHODS：Fifty volunteers were enrolled in this study in the Ophthalmological Clinic of Cluj-Napoca,Romania,between January 2012 and January 2014. A set of 100 segmented and skeletonised human retinal images,corresponding to normal states of the retina were studied. An automatic unsupervised method for retinal vessel segmentation was applied before multifractal analysis. The multifractal analysis of digital retinal images was made with computer algorithms,applying the standard boxcounting method. Statistical analyses were performed using the Graph Pad In Stat software.RESULTS：The architecture of normal human retinal microvascular network was able to be described using the multifractal geometry. The average of generalized dimensions（D_q）for q=0,1,2,the width of the multifractal spectrum（Δα=α_（max）-α_（min））and the spectrum arms＇ heights difference（│Δf│）of the normal images were expressed as mean±standard deviation（SD）：for segmented versions,D_0=1.7014±0.0057; D_1=1.6507±0.0058; D_2=1.5772±0.0059; Δα=0.92441±0.0085; │Δf│= 0.1453±0.0051; for skeletonised versions,D_0=1.6303±0.0051; D_1=1.6012±0.0059; D_2=1.5531± 0.0058; Δα=0.65032±0.0162; │Δf│= 0.0238±0.0161. The average of generalized dimensions（D_q）for q=0,1,2,the width of the multifractal spectrum（Δα）and the spectrum arms＇ heights difference（│Δf│）of the segmented versions was slightly greater than the skeletonised versions.CONCLUSION：The multifractal analysis of fundus photographs may be used as a quantitative parameter for the evaluation of the complex three-dimensional structure of the retinal microvasculature as a potential marker for early detection of topological changes associated with retinal diseases.
文摘Architecture communication on photo-sharing social networking services like Instagram focuses on photorealism.Meanwhile,the conceptual intention or the experience of the architectural space has less impact in these media.Some architectural graphics techniques are closer to this purpose due to their nature.The main objective is to identify the visual qualities of the architectural space experience from a linear perspective.To do this,the research proposes the design of a visual pattern recognition tool and applies it to pairs of images(photography and drawing)from the same place.The results provide the strategy design based on five variables:the level of human presence,the distortion of perspective,the chromatic distortion,the overlay realism and the emphasis.Finally,the visual summaries lead to values that help to understand the communicative qualities of the experience of space due to their ability to compare main milestones of visual information.
文摘This research analyzes the earliest located floor plan of the Mosque-Cathedral of Cordoba,an anonymous oil painting in 1741,which has not been studied so far.The objective is to know the dimensional accuracy of the most relevant architectural forms drawn,considering the elements referenced in their legend and the graphic symbols used,to assess their documentary interest.It has also been compared with two important plans of the MosqueCathedral drawn in 1767 and 1868.The first task was a photogrammetric survey of the oil painting has been carried out.Subsequently,some data has been measured in the monument using a 3D scanner.The orthophoto of the oil painting has been overlapped to the digital model to verify its metric accuracy in a selection of points.For the first time,the legend and labels included in the oil painting have been transcribed.This precise graphic document contains reliable abundant data for future research about the transformations and restorations of a monument that is part of the UNESCO World Heritage List.The oil painting dating from 1741 can be considered as the first scientific plan of the Mosque-Cathedral of Cordoba,and as an outstanding architectural survey of eighteenth-century Europe.
基金supported by RFBR grant(project number 13-01-00367A).
文摘The paper presents an approach to fast approximate estimation of conditions for spacetime structures appearing in the flows.The approach is based on combination of optimization problem computation with methods of data visual presentation.The visual presentation methods are applied for analysis of multidimensional array containing discrete result data.Optimization problem solution is implemented by parallel computation in a multitask form.For some cases,the approach allows to obtain for control parameter of considered problem the sought-for approximate dependence on characteristic parameters in a quasi-analytical form.
文摘The study on trematode larvae found in Egyptian molluscs was initiated by the pioneering work of Sonsino in 1892 and Looss in 1896. Since then tens of cercariae and some digenean life cycles have been reported in the country. Unfortunately, only fragmentary publications are available for identification of cercariae present in the country. In addition, some of such publications may not be accessible to some researchers, as they are either theses or published in old volumes of non-international journals. The present work was carried out with the aim of preserving our heritage through reviewing the different types of cercariae known from the Egyptian inland water snails. We provide a survey based on literature. Major types of cercariae known to exist in the country are covered. They are presented as regards description, development, taxa, importance and snail hosts. This review can be used as a field guide for identification of cercariae colonising the Egyptian inland water snails.
文摘COVID-19 is spreading within the sort of an enormous epidemic for the globe.This epidemic infects a lot of individuals in Egypt.The World Health Organization states that COVID-19 could be spread from one person to another at a very fast speed through contact and respiratory spray.On these days,Egypt and all countries worldwide should rise to an effective step to investigate this disease and eliminate the effects of this epidemic.In this paper displayed,the real database of COVID-19 for Egypt has been analysed from February 15,2020,to June 15,2020,and predicted with the number of patients that will be infected with COVID-19,and estimated the epidemic final size.Several regression analysis models have been applied for data analysis of COVID-19 of Egypt.In this study,we’ve been applied seven regression analysis-based models that are exponential polynomial,quadratic,thirddegree,fourth-degree,fifth-degree,sixth-degree,and logit growth respectively for the COVID-19 dataset.Thus,the exponential,fourth-degree,fifth-degree,and sixth-degree polynomial regression models are excellent models specially fourth-degree model that will help the government preparing their procedures for one month.In addition,we have applied the well-known logit growth regression model and we obtained the following epidemiological insights:Firstly,the epidemic peak could possibly reach at 22-June 2020 and final time of epidemic at 8-September 2020.Secondly,the final total size for cases 1.6676Et05 cases.The action from government of interevent over a relatively long interval is necessary to minimize the final epidemic size.
