In 2001 three earthquakes occurred in Shidian in Yunnan Province, which were the MS=5.2 on April 10, the MS=5.9 on April 12 and the MS=5.3 on June 8. Based on the data from the station Baoshan of Yunnan Telemetry Digi...In 2001 three earthquakes occurred in Shidian in Yunnan Province, which were the MS=5.2 on April 10, the MS=5.9 on April 12 and the MS=5.3 on June 8. Based on the data from the station Baoshan of Yunnan Telemetry Digital Seismograph Network, the variational characteristics of shear-wave splitting on these series of strong earthquakes has been studied by using the systematic analysis method (SAM) of shear-wave splitting. The result shows the time delays of shear-wave splitting basically increase with earthquake activity intensifying. However the time delays abruptly decrease immediately before strong aftershocks. It accords with the stress relaxation before earthquakes, which was found recently in study on shear-wave splitting. The result suggests it is significant for reducing the harm degree of earthquakes to develop the stress-forecasting on earthquake in strong active tectonic zones and economic developed regions or big cities under the danger of strong earthquakes.展开更多
Alport syndrome （AS） is a hereditary nephritis caused by mutations in COL4A3, COL4A4 or COL4A5 encod-ing the type IV collagen α3, α4, and α5 chains, which are major components of the glomerular basement membrane....Alport syndrome （AS） is a hereditary nephritis caused by mutations in COL4A3, COL4A4 or COL4A5 encod-ing the type IV collagen α3, α4, and α5 chains, which are major components of the glomerular basement membrane. About 20 years have passed since COL4A3, COL4A4, and COL4A5 were identifed and the frst Al-port mouse model was developed using a knockout ap-proach. The phenotype of Alport mice is similar to that of Alport patients, including characteristic thickening and splitting of the glomerular basement membrane. Alport mice have been widely used to study the patho-genesis of AS and to develop effective therapies. In this review, the newer therapies for AS, such as pharma-cological interventions, genetic approaches and stem cell therapies, are discussed. Although some stem cell therapies have been demonstrated to slow the renal disease progression in Alport mice, these therapies demand continual refnement as research advances. In terms of the pharmacological drugs, angiotensin-con-verting enzyme inhibitors have been shown to be effec-tive in Alport mice. Novel therapies that can provide a better outcome or lead to a cure are still awaited.展开更多
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant disease with poor prognosis. To improve the clinical outcome, early diagnosis of HCC arising from nonviral agents and hepatitis virus is important. Among several et...Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant disease with poor prognosis. To improve the clinical outcome, early diagnosis of HCC arising from nonviral agents and hepatitis virus is important. Among several etiological factors, mycotoxins defined as carcinogens by the International Agency for Research in Cancer (IARC) might be one of the critical risk factors for nonviral HCC. Aflatoxin B1 is the most well-known carcinogenic mycotoxin for HCC, but the role of the other types of mycotoxin remains unclear. Several studies have reported that a chromatographic separation technique based on high-performance liquid chromatography can successfully detect the concentration of mycotoxins in plasma. Recently, serum level of ochratoxin A (OTA), a widely distributed mycotoxin classified as Group 2B by IARC, was evaluated in HCC patients in Egypt. The results suggested that serum OTA levels might be a good biomarker for HCC. In this article, we review recent studies of OTA, and discuss its possible significance as a biomarker of HCC.展开更多
A generalized Frenkel-Kontorova model with the Morse potentials is studied.The phase diagram reflects the nonlinear nature of the Morse potential.The correspondences of the ground states and the orbits of the area-pre...A generalized Frenkel-Kontorova model with the Morse potentials is studied.The phase diagram reflects the nonlinear nature of the Morse potential.The correspondences of the ground states and the orbits of the area-preserving map are studied numerically.Our results present a better simulation to the real systems.展开更多
4-Aminophenylalanine(4APhe),an exotic amino acid which is obtained as a microorganism metabolite of glucose,is polycondensed with various tetracarboxylic dianhydrides as a diamine monomer to obtain poly(amic acid)s.Su...4-Aminophenylalanine(4APhe),an exotic amino acid which is obtained as a microorganism metabolite of glucose,is polycondensed with various tetracarboxylic dianhydrides as a diamine monomer to obtain poly(amic acid)s.Subsequent thermal imidization of poly(amic acid)s is made at 220°C with stepwise heating from 100°C.Some of the obtained polyimides(PIs)exhibited good solubility in organic solvents such as N,N-dimethylformamide,N.N dimethylacetamide,and more.The progress of imidization was observed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy to confrm that the imidization ratio was up to 98%.Carboxylate group of the side-chains of PIs affected their solubilities despite the high imidization ratio,and the solubility was lost for any organic solvents by decarboxylation at 280。C,confirmed from mass-loss of thermogravimetric analysis.Thus,a new series of PIs were obtained with abilities of solvent-molding in PI state and thermal resistivityt enhancement by further heating after molding.展开更多
BACKGROUND Recent research has underscored the potentially protective role of dietary antioxidants against chronic conditions,such as cardiovascular diseases and stroke.The composite dietary antioxidant index(CDAI),wh...BACKGROUND Recent research has underscored the potentially protective role of dietary antioxidants against chronic conditions,such as cardiovascular diseases and stroke.The composite dietary antioxidant index(CDAI),which reflects the overall intake of key dietary antioxidants,has been identified as a crucial metric for exploring this relationship.Although previous research has shown a negative correlation between CDAI levels and stroke risk in prediabetic individuals,there remains a substantial gap in understanding this association among individuals with diabetes,who are at an inherently greater risk for cerebrovascular events.AIM To investigate the association between CDAI and stroke risk in individuals with diabetes.METHODS Using a cross-sectional study design,this investigation analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey spanning from 2003 to 2018 that included 6735 participants aged over 20 years with diabetes.The CDAI was calculated from 24-h dietary recalls to assess intake of key antioxidants:Vitamins A,C,and E;carotenoids;selenium;and zinc.Multivariate logistic regression and restricted cubic spline analysis were used to rigorously examine the relationship between CDAI and stroke risk.RESULTS The participant cohort,with an average age of 59.5 years and a slight male majority,reflected the broader demographic characteristics of individuals with diabetes.The analysis revealed a strong inverse relationship between CDAI levels and stroke risk.Remarkably,those in the highest quintile of CDAI demonstrated a 43%lower prevalence of stroke compared to those in the lowest quintile,even after adjustments for various confounders.This finding not only highlights the negative association between CDAI and stroke risk but also underscores the significant potential of antioxidant-rich diets in reducing stroke prevalence among patients with diabetes.CONCLUSION Our findings suggested that CDAI was inversely associated with stroke prevalence among patients with diabetes.These results suggest incorporating antioxidant-rich foods into dietary regimens as a potential strategy for stroke prevention.展开更多
Solid polymer electrolytes(SPEs)are promising substitutes for current flammable liquid electrolytes to achieve high-safety and high-energy-density lithium metal batteries.Polyethylene oxide(PEO)based solid polymer ele...Solid polymer electrolytes(SPEs)are promising substitutes for current flammable liquid electrolytes to achieve high-safety and high-energy-density lithium metal batteries.Polyethylene oxide(PEO)based solid polymer electrolytes have attracted increasing attention because of their excellent flexibility,manufacturability,light weight,and low-cost processing,while they often suffer from low ionic con-ductivity at room temperature,low lithium transference number and unsatisfactory interfacial resis-tance,which largely restrain their practical application.Herein,two-dimensional holey silica nanosheets(2D-HSN)as the fillers,together with LiNO_(3)as the electrolyte additive,are introduced in a PEO/poly(-vinylidene fiuoride-co-hexafluoropropylene)(PVDF-HFP)blended polymer matrix to obtain a SPE.The incorporation of HSN filler creates supplementary channels for lithium ion migration and lowers the crystallinity of the polymer,thereby facilitating the movement of lithium ions.The HSN-based SPE demonstrates higher ionic conductivity up to 3.7 x 10-4 S cm-1 at 30℃,larger Li+transference number close to 0.34,and more stable lithium plating/stripping than that without the fillers,and HSN can promote the formation of more stable solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)layer.The as-assembled LiFePO4||Li batteries deliver a high specific capacity of 159 mA h g-1 with the capacity retention of 95.5%after 200 cycles at 30℃,as well as superior rate performance and cycling stability compared to that using the blank SPE.展开更多
Dear Editor,Insulin is important for body metabolism regulation and glucose homeostasis,and its dysregulation often leads to metabolic syndrome(MS)and diabetes.Insulin is normally stored in large dense-core vesicles(L...Dear Editor,Insulin is important for body metabolism regulation and glucose homeostasis,and its dysregulation often leads to metabolic syndrome(MS)and diabetes.Insulin is normally stored in large dense-core vesicles(LDCVs)in pancreatic beta cells,and significant reductions in the number,size,gray level and density of insulin granules confer diabetes both in mice(Xue et al.,2012)and humans(Masini et al.,2012).展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (40274011, 40074020), MOST (2001BA601B02) and Joint Seismological Science Foundation of China (102068).
文摘In 2001 three earthquakes occurred in Shidian in Yunnan Province, which were the MS=5.2 on April 10, the MS=5.9 on April 12 and the MS=5.3 on June 8. Based on the data from the station Baoshan of Yunnan Telemetry Digital Seismograph Network, the variational characteristics of shear-wave splitting on these series of strong earthquakes has been studied by using the systematic analysis method (SAM) of shear-wave splitting. The result shows the time delays of shear-wave splitting basically increase with earthquake activity intensifying. However the time delays abruptly decrease immediately before strong aftershocks. It accords with the stress relaxation before earthquakes, which was found recently in study on shear-wave splitting. The result suggests it is significant for reducing the harm degree of earthquakes to develop the stress-forecasting on earthquake in strong active tectonic zones and economic developed regions or big cities under the danger of strong earthquakes.
文摘Alport syndrome （AS） is a hereditary nephritis caused by mutations in COL4A3, COL4A4 or COL4A5 encod-ing the type IV collagen α3, α4, and α5 chains, which are major components of the glomerular basement membrane. About 20 years have passed since COL4A3, COL4A4, and COL4A5 were identifed and the frst Al-port mouse model was developed using a knockout ap-proach. The phenotype of Alport mice is similar to that of Alport patients, including characteristic thickening and splitting of the glomerular basement membrane. Alport mice have been widely used to study the patho-genesis of AS and to develop effective therapies. In this review, the newer therapies for AS, such as pharma-cological interventions, genetic approaches and stem cell therapies, are discussed. Although some stem cell therapies have been demonstrated to slow the renal disease progression in Alport mice, these therapies demand continual refnement as research advances. In terms of the pharmacological drugs, angiotensin-con-verting enzyme inhibitors have been shown to be effec-tive in Alport mice. Novel therapies that can provide a better outcome or lead to a cure are still awaited.
文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant disease with poor prognosis. To improve the clinical outcome, early diagnosis of HCC arising from nonviral agents and hepatitis virus is important. Among several etiological factors, mycotoxins defined as carcinogens by the International Agency for Research in Cancer (IARC) might be one of the critical risk factors for nonviral HCC. Aflatoxin B1 is the most well-known carcinogenic mycotoxin for HCC, but the role of the other types of mycotoxin remains unclear. Several studies have reported that a chromatographic separation technique based on high-performance liquid chromatography can successfully detect the concentration of mycotoxins in plasma. Recently, serum level of ochratoxin A (OTA), a widely distributed mycotoxin classified as Group 2B by IARC, was evaluated in HCC patients in Egypt. The results suggested that serum OTA levels might be a good biomarker for HCC. In this article, we review recent studies of OTA, and discuss its possible significance as a biomarker of HCC.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.1945004Science Foundation of China Academy of Engineering Physics under Grant No.970116.
文摘A generalized Frenkel-Kontorova model with the Morse potentials is studied.The phase diagram reflects the nonlinear nature of the Morse potential.The correspondences of the ground states and the orbits of the area-preserving map are studied numerically.Our results present a better simulation to the real systems.
基金This work was financially supported by Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)-Advanced Low Carbon Technology(ALCA)project UPMJAL10101.
文摘4-Aminophenylalanine(4APhe),an exotic amino acid which is obtained as a microorganism metabolite of glucose,is polycondensed with various tetracarboxylic dianhydrides as a diamine monomer to obtain poly(amic acid)s.Subsequent thermal imidization of poly(amic acid)s is made at 220°C with stepwise heating from 100°C.Some of the obtained polyimides(PIs)exhibited good solubility in organic solvents such as N,N-dimethylformamide,N.N dimethylacetamide,and more.The progress of imidization was observed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy to confrm that the imidization ratio was up to 98%.Carboxylate group of the side-chains of PIs affected their solubilities despite the high imidization ratio,and the solubility was lost for any organic solvents by decarboxylation at 280。C,confirmed from mass-loss of thermogravimetric analysis.Thus,a new series of PIs were obtained with abilities of solvent-molding in PI state and thermal resistivityt enhancement by further heating after molding.
基金Supported by Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences,No.XDB38010100Construction and Validation of an Early Identification System for Cardiovascular Disease Associated with Glucose Metabolism Disorders,No.202204295107020026Science and Technology Projects in Guangzhou,No.2023A04J1087.
文摘BACKGROUND Recent research has underscored the potentially protective role of dietary antioxidants against chronic conditions,such as cardiovascular diseases and stroke.The composite dietary antioxidant index(CDAI),which reflects the overall intake of key dietary antioxidants,has been identified as a crucial metric for exploring this relationship.Although previous research has shown a negative correlation between CDAI levels and stroke risk in prediabetic individuals,there remains a substantial gap in understanding this association among individuals with diabetes,who are at an inherently greater risk for cerebrovascular events.AIM To investigate the association between CDAI and stroke risk in individuals with diabetes.METHODS Using a cross-sectional study design,this investigation analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey spanning from 2003 to 2018 that included 6735 participants aged over 20 years with diabetes.The CDAI was calculated from 24-h dietary recalls to assess intake of key antioxidants:Vitamins A,C,and E;carotenoids;selenium;and zinc.Multivariate logistic regression and restricted cubic spline analysis were used to rigorously examine the relationship between CDAI and stroke risk.RESULTS The participant cohort,with an average age of 59.5 years and a slight male majority,reflected the broader demographic characteristics of individuals with diabetes.The analysis revealed a strong inverse relationship between CDAI levels and stroke risk.Remarkably,those in the highest quintile of CDAI demonstrated a 43%lower prevalence of stroke compared to those in the lowest quintile,even after adjustments for various confounders.This finding not only highlights the negative association between CDAI and stroke risk but also underscores the significant potential of antioxidant-rich diets in reducing stroke prevalence among patients with diabetes.CONCLUSION Our findings suggested that CDAI was inversely associated with stroke prevalence among patients with diabetes.These results suggest incorporating antioxidant-rich foods into dietary regimens as a potential strategy for stroke prevention.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant Nos.52062004 and 51972070)Guizhou Provincial High Level Innovative Talents Project(grant No.QKHPTRC-GCC[2022]013-1)+1 种基金Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Projects(grant Nos.QKHJC[2020]1Z042,QKHJC[2020]1Y230 and QKHZC[2021]YB317)Cultivation Project of Guizhou University(grant No.GDPY[2019]01).
文摘Solid polymer electrolytes(SPEs)are promising substitutes for current flammable liquid electrolytes to achieve high-safety and high-energy-density lithium metal batteries.Polyethylene oxide(PEO)based solid polymer electrolytes have attracted increasing attention because of their excellent flexibility,manufacturability,light weight,and low-cost processing,while they often suffer from low ionic con-ductivity at room temperature,low lithium transference number and unsatisfactory interfacial resis-tance,which largely restrain their practical application.Herein,two-dimensional holey silica nanosheets(2D-HSN)as the fillers,together with LiNO_(3)as the electrolyte additive,are introduced in a PEO/poly(-vinylidene fiuoride-co-hexafluoropropylene)(PVDF-HFP)blended polymer matrix to obtain a SPE.The incorporation of HSN filler creates supplementary channels for lithium ion migration and lowers the crystallinity of the polymer,thereby facilitating the movement of lithium ions.The HSN-based SPE demonstrates higher ionic conductivity up to 3.7 x 10-4 S cm-1 at 30℃,larger Li+transference number close to 0.34,and more stable lithium plating/stripping than that without the fillers,and HSN can promote the formation of more stable solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)layer.The as-assembled LiFePO4||Li batteries deliver a high specific capacity of 159 mA h g-1 with the capacity retention of 95.5%after 200 cycles at 30℃,as well as superior rate performance and cycling stability compared to that using the blank SPE.
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2017YFA0504700 and 2016YFA0500400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.31570839,31661143041,61472395,31327901,31521062 and 31730054)+1 种基金the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(L172003)Joint Program between Chinese Academy of Sciences and Peking University.
文摘Dear Editor,Insulin is important for body metabolism regulation and glucose homeostasis,and its dysregulation often leads to metabolic syndrome(MS)and diabetes.Insulin is normally stored in large dense-core vesicles(LDCVs)in pancreatic beta cells,and significant reductions in the number,size,gray level and density of insulin granules confer diabetes both in mice(Xue et al.,2012)and humans(Masini et al.,2012).
