Attaining reliable and timely agricultural estimates is very important everywhere, and in Brazil, due to its characteristics, this is especially true. In this study, estimations of crop production were made based on t...Attaining reliable and timely agricultural estimates is very important everywhere, and in Brazil, due to its characteristics, this is especially true. In this study, estimations of crop production were made based on the temporal profiles of the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) obtained from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) images. The objective was to evaluate the coupled model (CM) performance of crop area and crop yield estimates based solely on MODIS/EVI as input data in Rio Grande do Sul State, which is characterized by high variability in seasonal soybean yields, due to different crop development conditions. The resulting production estimates from CM were compared to official agricultural statistics of Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) and the National Company of Food Supply (CONAB) at different levels from 2000/2001 to 2010/2011 crop years. Results obtained with CM indicate that its application is able to generate timely production estimates for soybean both at municipality and local levels. Validation estimates with CM at State level obtained R2 = 0.95. Combining all cropping years at municipality level, estimates were highly correlated to official statistics from IBGE, with R2 = 0.91 and RMSD = 10,840 tons. Spatially interpolated comparisons of yield maps obtained from the CM estimates and IBGE data also showed visual similarity in their spatial distribution. Local level comparisons were performed and presented R2 = 0.95. Implications of this work point out that time-series analysis of production estimates are able to provide anticipated spatial information prior to the soybean harvest.展开更多
Periods in the soybean summer cycle that are sensitive to the occurrence of high temperatures were studied. An analysis was performed on the variability of soybean yields associated with crop canopy temperatures durin...Periods in the soybean summer cycle that are sensitive to the occurrence of high temperatures were studied. An analysis was performed on the variability of soybean yields associated with crop canopy temperatures during key development periods. A land surface temperature (LST) data series from MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) on the Aqua satellite was processed between 2003 and 2012 that covered the entire state of Rio Grande do Sul, in Brazil. Enhanced vegetation index (EVI) data from MODIS on the Terra satellite were used to monitor the LST during different phenological stages. Spatially interpolated maps of soybean yield distributions were generated using data obtained from Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) at state and municipality levels. The results indicate that canopy-LST occurrence in mid-February, during the grain filling, is most correlated to yield reduction (R2 = 0.82 and RMSD = 14.4%). At the state level, the average yield is 2003 kg·ha-1 with a standard deviation of 308 kg·ha-1. The overall average of the canopy-LST is 305.0 K (31.8°C) with a standard deviation of 1.9 K. The slope of the downward linear relationship between canopy-LST and yield was -28.7%. These results indicate that monitoring heat wave events can provide important information for characterising agriculture vulnerability.展开更多
Water is a vital resource for sustaining life and maintaining ecological balance.In recent times,global water demand has increased due to population growth and economic development,raising concerns about the quality o...Water is a vital resource for sustaining life and maintaining ecological balance.In recent times,global water demand has increased due to population growth and economic development,raising concerns about the quality of both surface and groundwater.This study focuses on the urban area of Lages,Santa Catarina,Brazil,where the Rio do Rasto Formation—comprising interbedded red sandstones and mudstones deposited from the Late Permian to Triassic periods—predominates.The objective is to assess the hydrochemical characteristics of the aquifer system associated with this formation,utilizing data from existing tubular wells.Data were retrieved from the Groundwater Information System(SIAGAS)and the Water withdrawal permit System of Santa Catarina(SIOUT-SC),which are federal and state-level platforms,respectively,serving as sources of groundwater data in Brazil.The methodology involved hydrochemical interpretation to evaluate the qualitative and quantitative properties of groundwater through its physicochemical parameters.Piper and Schoeller-Berkaloff diagrams were employed to interpret data from four tubular wells,analyzing variables such as calcium,potassium,magnesium,carbonate,bicarbonate,chloride,and nitrate.The Piper diagram indicated that all samples fall within the calcium or magnesium bicarbonate facies.The Schoeller-Berkaloff diagram facilitated the comparison and identification of distinct hydrochemical signatures based on elemental enrichment and depletion patterns.These findings contribute to a better understanding of groundwater quality in the region and underscore the importance of continuous monitoring and data collection to inform sustainable water resource management.展开更多
文摘Attaining reliable and timely agricultural estimates is very important everywhere, and in Brazil, due to its characteristics, this is especially true. In this study, estimations of crop production were made based on the temporal profiles of the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) obtained from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) images. The objective was to evaluate the coupled model (CM) performance of crop area and crop yield estimates based solely on MODIS/EVI as input data in Rio Grande do Sul State, which is characterized by high variability in seasonal soybean yields, due to different crop development conditions. The resulting production estimates from CM were compared to official agricultural statistics of Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) and the National Company of Food Supply (CONAB) at different levels from 2000/2001 to 2010/2011 crop years. Results obtained with CM indicate that its application is able to generate timely production estimates for soybean both at municipality and local levels. Validation estimates with CM at State level obtained R2 = 0.95. Combining all cropping years at municipality level, estimates were highly correlated to official statistics from IBGE, with R2 = 0.91 and RMSD = 10,840 tons. Spatially interpolated comparisons of yield maps obtained from the CM estimates and IBGE data also showed visual similarity in their spatial distribution. Local level comparisons were performed and presented R2 = 0.95. Implications of this work point out that time-series analysis of production estimates are able to provide anticipated spatial information prior to the soybean harvest.
文摘Periods in the soybean summer cycle that are sensitive to the occurrence of high temperatures were studied. An analysis was performed on the variability of soybean yields associated with crop canopy temperatures during key development periods. A land surface temperature (LST) data series from MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) on the Aqua satellite was processed between 2003 and 2012 that covered the entire state of Rio Grande do Sul, in Brazil. Enhanced vegetation index (EVI) data from MODIS on the Terra satellite were used to monitor the LST during different phenological stages. Spatially interpolated maps of soybean yield distributions were generated using data obtained from Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) at state and municipality levels. The results indicate that canopy-LST occurrence in mid-February, during the grain filling, is most correlated to yield reduction (R2 = 0.82 and RMSD = 14.4%). At the state level, the average yield is 2003 kg·ha-1 with a standard deviation of 308 kg·ha-1. The overall average of the canopy-LST is 305.0 K (31.8°C) with a standard deviation of 1.9 K. The slope of the downward linear relationship between canopy-LST and yield was -28.7%. These results indicate that monitoring heat wave events can provide important information for characterising agriculture vulnerability.
文摘Water is a vital resource for sustaining life and maintaining ecological balance.In recent times,global water demand has increased due to population growth and economic development,raising concerns about the quality of both surface and groundwater.This study focuses on the urban area of Lages,Santa Catarina,Brazil,where the Rio do Rasto Formation—comprising interbedded red sandstones and mudstones deposited from the Late Permian to Triassic periods—predominates.The objective is to assess the hydrochemical characteristics of the aquifer system associated with this formation,utilizing data from existing tubular wells.Data were retrieved from the Groundwater Information System(SIAGAS)and the Water withdrawal permit System of Santa Catarina(SIOUT-SC),which are federal and state-level platforms,respectively,serving as sources of groundwater data in Brazil.The methodology involved hydrochemical interpretation to evaluate the qualitative and quantitative properties of groundwater through its physicochemical parameters.Piper and Schoeller-Berkaloff diagrams were employed to interpret data from four tubular wells,analyzing variables such as calcium,potassium,magnesium,carbonate,bicarbonate,chloride,and nitrate.The Piper diagram indicated that all samples fall within the calcium or magnesium bicarbonate facies.The Schoeller-Berkaloff diagram facilitated the comparison and identification of distinct hydrochemical signatures based on elemental enrichment and depletion patterns.These findings contribute to a better understanding of groundwater quality in the region and underscore the importance of continuous monitoring and data collection to inform sustainable water resource management.
