The family Symplocaceae includes over 300 species of trees and shrubs that have a disjunct distribution in the warmtemperate to tropical regions of eastern,southern,and southeastern Asia,eastern Australia,and the Amer...The family Symplocaceae includes over 300 species of trees and shrubs that have a disjunct distribution in the warmtemperate to tropical regions of eastern,southern,and southeastern Asia,eastern Australia,and the Americas.The family accommodates two genera,Cordyloblaste Hensch.ex Moritzi and Symplocos Jacq.,which comprises two subgenera,subg.展开更多
Field investigations of several gas mains in different geosystems were carried out in Noviy Urengoy region (Eastern Siberia) in September, 2003. There were on ground pipelines covered with peat or sand. In case of sma...Field investigations of several gas mains in different geosystems were carried out in Noviy Urengoy region (Eastern Siberia) in September, 2003. There were on ground pipelines covered with peat or sand. In case of small rivers pipelines were elevated by pile support on the shores. Because pipelines were applied in cryolithozone that means special secure methods used in pipeline systems functioning and operating. There are multiple sites of natural landscapes destructed or totally destroyed during building and exploiting of the pipelines. That causes negative cryogenic processes development. The most dangerous one is the heaving, that reaches up to several meters in humid landscapes. The complex thermoerosion, thermokarst and heaving occur very often at one site. The heaving of piles leads to pipe deformations and the emergency situations to occur. It is possible to predict negative cryogenic processes development and so far to reduce an emergency risk.展开更多
In last years, the problem of building s stability in northern areas has become aggravating. The main reasons mass deformations areas follows: 1) mistakes during research, planning, construction and operation of objec...In last years, the problem of building s stability in northern areas has become aggravating. The main reasons mass deformations areas follows: 1) mistakes during research, planning, construction and operation of objects; 2) negative changes in frozen ground, bound with reduction of footing s bearing capacity under technogenic impact; 3) premature wear of material of underground constructions under influence of natural and technogenic factors.展开更多
Engineering-geocryological investigations were held in Cherskii settlement. It located on the right shore of Kolyma river, presenting one of the largest ports on it, supporting many gold and tin mines of Chukotka regi...Engineering-geocryological investigations were held in Cherskii settlement. It located on the right shore of Kolyma river, presenting one of the largest ports on it, supporting many gold and tin mines of Chukotka region. The site was built up during mass Arctic researches and developed as a centre of Arctic expedition s infrastructure and a support base on the North Marine Way in 1970-1980s years, before new rules of permafrost engineering were accepted. About 30 ferroconcrete panel buildings were built up. A wide infrastructure including roads, aerodrome and naval port were built. 2003 investigations revealed about 30% of panel buildings deformed. The reasons of the phenomenon are submitted in the article.展开更多
Specific features of soil salinization in the Ekhiin-Gol oasis,one of the largest oasis in the Transaltai Gobi of Mongolia,were first studied in 1977.It was shown that recent hydromorphic solonchaks forming as a resul...Specific features of soil salinization in the Ekhiin-Gol oasis,one of the largest oasis in the Transaltai Gobi of Mongolia,were first studied in 1977.It was shown that recent hydromorphic solonchaks forming as a result of modern salt accumulation predominate in the soil cover of the oasis.A detailed map of soil salinization was compiled,and specific features of salinization in different soils of oases in the Gobi Desert were studied.In 2001,the soil survey of the oasis was repeated,which made it possible to trace the dynamics of soil salinization within a 25-year-long period.The comparison of the data on the soil salinization in the Ekhiin-Gol oasis obtained in 1977-1978 and 2001 has shown that the main part of the oasis area occupied by hydromorphic solonchaks has not undergone significant changes in the degree and character of soil salinization.The rise in the salinity of the oasis soils is most pronounced in the area of the initially(1977) nonsaline or slightly saline meadow and meadow swamp hydromorphic soils and in the area of the formerly irrigated and then abandoned lands.The rise in the degree of the soil salinization may be caused by both natural factors(a drop in the general water supply of the oasis) and natural-anthropogenic factors(a decrease in the discharge of the springs and a lower amount of water accumulated on the soil surface in the form of icings in the winter seasons).The secondary salinization of the irrigated lands is locally developed.It is probably related to saline rocks underlying the loesslike loam.These rocks become the source of soil salts as a result of irrigation.Secondary salinization is sometimes actively developed upon irrigation with saline water from deep wells within the irrigated lands.The tendency for an increase in the degree of soil salinization may also be related to the plant cover degradation as a result of overgrazing.It leads to the formation of barrens,which enhances the physical evaporation from the soil surface and may activate salinization processes in the oasis.展开更多
Territories of traditional nature use(TTNU)of indigenous population in the Arctic zone presents a historical model of sustainable development whose main principles are valuable for modern practice of economic activiti...Territories of traditional nature use(TTNU)of indigenous population in the Arctic zone presents a historical model of sustainable development whose main principles are valuable for modern practice of economic activities in this region as well.Indigenous peoples traditional nature management practice in the Russian Arctic nowadays exists only within tribal community lands,though their virtual limits may be larger and known to indigenous population,helping to preserve regional identities.Preservation of TTNU in the course of modern economic development,including the Northern Silk Road coastal infrastructure,is important for regional ecological and social stability.They may be regarded as ecological buffer zones,restoring ecosystem functions important for regional sustainable development,though modern market economy treats them mainly as economic units less valuable for incomes than industrial.A new look at TTNU may be supported by their ecologicaleconomic assessment.A case study in the coastal Nenets TTNU belonging to family-clan community‘Ya’Erv’demonstrates its possible input to local sustainable development.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant nos.42072020,42172015,41820104002)the research fund from Shenzhen(szbo202407)+1 种基金the State program(No.123032400066-1 Geological Institute,Russian Academy of Sciences)the research project No 122042700002-6(Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden,Russian Academy of Sciences)。
文摘The family Symplocaceae includes over 300 species of trees and shrubs that have a disjunct distribution in the warmtemperate to tropical regions of eastern,southern,and southeastern Asia,eastern Australia,and the Americas.The family accommodates two genera,Cordyloblaste Hensch.ex Moritzi and Symplocos Jacq.,which comprises two subgenera,subg.
文摘Field investigations of several gas mains in different geosystems were carried out in Noviy Urengoy region (Eastern Siberia) in September, 2003. There were on ground pipelines covered with peat or sand. In case of small rivers pipelines were elevated by pile support on the shores. Because pipelines were applied in cryolithozone that means special secure methods used in pipeline systems functioning and operating. There are multiple sites of natural landscapes destructed or totally destroyed during building and exploiting of the pipelines. That causes negative cryogenic processes development. The most dangerous one is the heaving, that reaches up to several meters in humid landscapes. The complex thermoerosion, thermokarst and heaving occur very often at one site. The heaving of piles leads to pipe deformations and the emergency situations to occur. It is possible to predict negative cryogenic processes development and so far to reduce an emergency risk.
文摘In last years, the problem of building s stability in northern areas has become aggravating. The main reasons mass deformations areas follows: 1) mistakes during research, planning, construction and operation of objects; 2) negative changes in frozen ground, bound with reduction of footing s bearing capacity under technogenic impact; 3) premature wear of material of underground constructions under influence of natural and technogenic factors.
文摘Engineering-geocryological investigations were held in Cherskii settlement. It located on the right shore of Kolyma river, presenting one of the largest ports on it, supporting many gold and tin mines of Chukotka region. The site was built up during mass Arctic researches and developed as a centre of Arctic expedition s infrastructure and a support base on the North Marine Way in 1970-1980s years, before new rules of permafrost engineering were accepted. About 30 ferroconcrete panel buildings were built up. A wide infrastructure including roads, aerodrome and naval port were built. 2003 investigations revealed about 30% of panel buildings deformed. The reasons of the phenomenon are submitted in the article.
文摘Specific features of soil salinization in the Ekhiin-Gol oasis,one of the largest oasis in the Transaltai Gobi of Mongolia,were first studied in 1977.It was shown that recent hydromorphic solonchaks forming as a result of modern salt accumulation predominate in the soil cover of the oasis.A detailed map of soil salinization was compiled,and specific features of salinization in different soils of oases in the Gobi Desert were studied.In 2001,the soil survey of the oasis was repeated,which made it possible to trace the dynamics of soil salinization within a 25-year-long period.The comparison of the data on the soil salinization in the Ekhiin-Gol oasis obtained in 1977-1978 and 2001 has shown that the main part of the oasis area occupied by hydromorphic solonchaks has not undergone significant changes in the degree and character of soil salinization.The rise in the salinity of the oasis soils is most pronounced in the area of the initially(1977) nonsaline or slightly saline meadow and meadow swamp hydromorphic soils and in the area of the formerly irrigated and then abandoned lands.The rise in the degree of the soil salinization may be caused by both natural factors(a drop in the general water supply of the oasis) and natural-anthropogenic factors(a decrease in the discharge of the springs and a lower amount of water accumulated on the soil surface in the form of icings in the winter seasons).The secondary salinization of the irrigated lands is locally developed.It is probably related to saline rocks underlying the loesslike loam.These rocks become the source of soil salts as a result of irrigation.Secondary salinization is sometimes actively developed upon irrigation with saline water from deep wells within the irrigated lands.The tendency for an increase in the degree of soil salinization may also be related to the plant cover degradation as a result of overgrazing.It leads to the formation of barrens,which enhances the physical evaporation from the soil surface and may activate salinization processes in the oasis.
基金the Russian Foundation for Basic Research(grant numbers 17-55-53109 and 18-05-00475)Russian Science Foundation(grant number 18-17-00074)in a part of the methodology atlas information systems.
文摘Territories of traditional nature use(TTNU)of indigenous population in the Arctic zone presents a historical model of sustainable development whose main principles are valuable for modern practice of economic activities in this region as well.Indigenous peoples traditional nature management practice in the Russian Arctic nowadays exists only within tribal community lands,though their virtual limits may be larger and known to indigenous population,helping to preserve regional identities.Preservation of TTNU in the course of modern economic development,including the Northern Silk Road coastal infrastructure,is important for regional ecological and social stability.They may be regarded as ecological buffer zones,restoring ecosystem functions important for regional sustainable development,though modern market economy treats them mainly as economic units less valuable for incomes than industrial.A new look at TTNU may be supported by their ecologicaleconomic assessment.A case study in the coastal Nenets TTNU belonging to family-clan community‘Ya’Erv’demonstrates its possible input to local sustainable development.
