The field of photocatalysis has witnessed a significant advancement in the development of bioinspired and biomimetic photocatalysts for various biomedical applications,including drug delivery,tissue engineering,cancer...The field of photocatalysis has witnessed a significant advancement in the development of bioinspired and biomimetic photocatalysts for various biomedical applications,including drug delivery,tissue engineering,cancer therapy,and bioimaging.Nature has evolved efficient light-harvesting systems and energy conversion mechanisms,which serve as a benchmark for researchers.However,reproducing such complexity and harnessing it for biomedical applications is a daunting task.It requires a comprehensive understanding of the underlying biological processes and the ability to replicate them synthetically.By utilizing light energy,these photocatalysts can trigger specific chemical reactions,leading to targeted drug release,enhanced tissue regeneration,and precise imaging of biological structures.In this context,addressing the stability,long-term performance,scalability,and costeffectiveness of these materials is crucial for their widespread implementation in biomedical applications.While challenges such as complexity and stability persist,their advantages such as targeted drug delivery and personalized medicine make them a fascinating area of research.The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive analysis and evaluation of existing research,highlighting the advancements,current challenges,advantages,limitations,and future prospects of bioinspired and biomimetic photocatalysts in biomedicine.展开更多
MXene-based smart contact lenses demonstrate a cutting-edge advancement in wearable ophthalmic technology,combining real-time biosensing,therapeutic capabilities,and user comfort in a single platform.These devices tak...MXene-based smart contact lenses demonstrate a cutting-edge advancement in wearable ophthalmic technology,combining real-time biosensing,therapeutic capabilities,and user comfort in a single platform.These devices take the advantage of the exceptional electrical conductivity,mechanical flexibility,and biocompatibility of two-dimensional MXenes to enable noninvasive,tear-based monitoring of key physiological markers such as intraocular pressure and glucose levels.Recent developments focus on the integration of transparent MXene films into the conventional lens materials,allowing multifunctional performance including photothermal therapy,antimicrobial and anti-inflammation protection,and dehydration resistance.These innovations offer promising strategies for ocular disease management and eye protection.In addition to their multifunctionality,improvements in MXene synthesis and device engineering have enhanced the stability,transparency,and wearability of these lenses.Despite these advances,challenges remain in long-term biostability,scalable production,and integration with wireless communication systems.This review summarizes the current progress,key challenges,and future directions of MXene-based smart contact lenses,highlighting their transformative potential in next-generation digital healthcare and ophthalmic care.展开更多
Primula vulgaris belongs to the genus Primula, members of which are frequently used in folk medicine. Various studies have investigated the cytotoxic effect of different Primula species, but there have been limited st...Primula vulgaris belongs to the genus Primula, members of which are frequently used in folk medicine. Various studies have investigated the cytotoxic effect of different Primula species, but there have been limited studies on the cytotoxic effect of P vulgaris. The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic effects, and possible mechanisms involved, of P vulgaris flower extract on human cervical cancer （HeLa） cells. The cytotoxic effect of the extract on HeLa cells was revealed using the MTT assay. Mechanisms involved in the extract＇s cytotoxic effect were then investigated in terms of apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential, and the cell cycle, using fluorometric methods. P vulgaris flower extract exhibited selective cytotoxic effects against HeLa cells by arresting their cell cycle at the S phase, and inducing the number of apoptotic cells compared to normal fibroblast cells by reducing mitochondrial membrane potential in a concentration-dependent manner. This is the first study to reveal the antiproliferative effect ofP. vulgaris flower extract. Further studies are now needed to identify the cytotoxic molecules in the extract and their mechanisms.展开更多
The secondary metabolites synthesized by plants are economically important chemical compounds in the agricultural and industrial areas such as food, perfumery and pharmaceutical sectors. In recent years, attempts for ...The secondary metabolites synthesized by plants are economically important chemical compounds in the agricultural and industrial areas such as food, perfumery and pharmaceutical sectors. In recent years, attempts for their production by in vitro plant cell and tissue cultures have been accelerated considerably. Colchicine, the principle secondary metabolite of Colchicum autumnale L. and Gloriosa superba L., is an important alkaloid that has poison effect used for treatment of various diseases and plant breeding studies. Presently, colchicine has been produced by using the seeds of C. autumnale L. and the tubers of G. superba L. through different chemical extraction methods. Applying in vitro plant cell and tissue cultures together with metabolic and genetic engineering techniques, large-scale production of colchicine can be achieved from the above two plant species.展开更多
The present study was conducted to evaluate the chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of essential oils ofOcimum basilicum var. album （L.） Benth, Lavandula angustifolia subsp, angustifolia, Melissa offic...The present study was conducted to evaluate the chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of essential oils ofOcimum basilicum var. album （L.） Benth, Lavandula angustifolia subsp, angustifolia, Melissa officinalis. The chemical compositionof a hydrodistilled essential oils of Ocimum basilicum var. album （L.） Benth., Lavandula angustifolia subsp, angustifolia, Melissaofficinalis was analyzed by a GC/MS system. Ocimum basilicum var. album （L.） Benth essential oil contains1,6-octadien-3-ol,3,7-dimethyl （53.79%）, Lavandula angustifolia subsp, angustifolia essential oil 1,6-octadien-3-ol,3,7-dimethyl（42.07%）, Melissa officinalis essential oil d-limonene （26%）. Antimicrobial screening of the essential oils was made by disc diffusion.The antimicrobial test results showed that the Ocimum basilicum var. album （L.） Benth, Melissa officinalis, Lavandula angustifoliasubsp, angustifolia essential oils have great potential of antimicrobial activity against all three （Staphylococcus aureus （ATCC 6338）Gram positive, Escherichia coli （ATCC 10536）, Pseudomonas aeruginosa （ATCC 15442） Gram negative bacteria）, one fungi（Aspergillus niger）, one yeast （Candida albicans） species tested.展开更多
Boronic acid compounds with different substituted groups were handled to synthesize various ligands encoded as B1, B2, B3, B4, BS, B6, B7 and BS. B5 and B7 were tested for the cytotoxic activity against the prostate c...Boronic acid compounds with different substituted groups were handled to synthesize various ligands encoded as B1, B2, B3, B4, BS, B6, B7 and BS. B5 and B7 were tested for the cytotoxic activity against the prostate cancer cells and it was found that the cell viability of cancer cells was decreased while most of the healthy cells could still be viable. 5 μM solutions of B5 and B7 decreased the cell viability to 33% and 44%; whereas healthy cells were 71% and 95%, respectively, after treatment. Antimicrobial properties were explored against the bacterial and fungal microorganisms with B1, B5 and BZ The inhibition zones were evaluated for all boronic structures, and the growth inhibition zones were determined in a range of 7-13 mm diameter for different microorganism species. Staphylococcus aureus was the common micro- organism that three boronic compounds with imine ligands showed the activity. Antioxidant features of B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7 and B8 were investigated by different processes such as Beta-carotene bleaching （BCB）, 2,2-diphenyl picryl hydrazyl （DPPH）, 2,2″-azino-bis（ 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid） （ABTS） and CUPric reducing antioxidant capacity （CLIPRAC） methods. Significant antioxidant activity was achieved by the phenyl boronic based ligands and these compounds demonstrated as much activity as standards （α-Toc and BHT）. In addition, all structures were applied properly without any decomposition during the experiments. They were rather stable both in aqueous media and solid state.展开更多
In order to identify the variation and estimate the genetic diversity among the fig (Ficus carica L.) genotypes collected from Algeria and Turkey, the genetic relationships between 86 genotypes were investigated using...In order to identify the variation and estimate the genetic diversity among the fig (Ficus carica L.) genotypes collected from Algeria and Turkey, the genetic relationships between 86 genotypes were investigated using 23 inter primer binding sites (iPBS)-retrotransposon and 16 simple sequence repeat (SSR) primers. A total of 63 polymorphic bands for the iPBS-retrotransposon markers and 25 alleles for the SSR markers were identified with an average of 2.7 and 1.6 per primer, respectively. The average value of polymorphism information content (PIC) for the iPBS markers (0.73) was higher than that for the SSR markers (0.69). Applying the neighbor-joining method to the combined iPBS-retrotransposon and SSR data, the fig genotypes were clustered into two groups. The STRUCTURE software was used to determine the population structure. Among the genotypes studied, two populations (K = 2) were identified indicating a low diversity between the Algerian and Turkish varieties. Both types of markers were able to differentiate all the fig genotypes and were efficient in discriminating the closely related genotypes. Our data also showed that as a universal marker, iPBS-retrotransposon is a useful tool for the molecular characterization of fig genotypes.展开更多
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the leading nosocomial pathogens worldwide, and their infections are difficult to treat due to acquired resistance to many antibiotics. This study aimed to detect class 1 and 2 integro...Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the leading nosocomial pathogens worldwide, and their infections are difficult to treat due to acquired resistance to many antibiotics. This study aimed to detect class 1 and 2 integrons and antibiotic susceptibility of clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa. Two hundred and five P. aeruginosa strains were collected from the seven general state hospitals in Turkey. They were characterized by antimicrobial susceptibility testing, screened for class 1 and class 2 integrons, and evaluated for the association between antibiotic resistance phenotypes and the presence of integrons. intI gene was amplified in 10 isolates (4.87%) by PCR and in seven isolates of them (70%) were found different gene cassettes. The aadA gene integrated into the class 1 integrons was most frequently found and it was followed by aac genes and blaOXA family genes. Sequence analysis of variable regions of the class 1 integrons showed five gene cassette arrays;aadA1(99%), aac(3)-Id(82%)-orf-aac(3”)-Ia(99%), aac(3)-Ie(83%)-blaoxa10(100%)- aadA1 (100%), aadA6(99%, 100%), aac(6’)-I(97%)-orf-aadA2(99%). No class 2 integron was detected. This study is the first multicenter study for class 1 integrons and it indicates the low rate of presence of class 1 gene cassette in P. aeruginosa.展开更多
Type 2 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes. Conventionally many drugs are used for the treatment of diabetes such as biguanides, sulfonylureas, meglitinides, etc. But the desired effective treatment is still ...Type 2 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes. Conventionally many drugs are used for the treatment of diabetes such as biguanides, sulfonylureas, meglitinides, etc. But the desired effective treatment is still not to be achieved. So researches are going on for the development of effective alternative therapy against diabetes. Olive leaves are traditionally used in the treatment of the disease. However, studies on its mechanism of action are not yet enough. The aim of this study was to investigate whether olive leaf extract (OLE) improves insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), tyrosine kinase (TK), GLUT-2, and GLUT-4. Oleuropein levels were analyzed from OLE obtained by using four different solvents, and the highest content of methanol extract was selected for the study. Different concentrations of OLE (2.5 to 320 μg/mL) were incubated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells for 24 hours. After incubation, cell viability was assessed based on luminometric ATP cell viability assay kit. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generating level was detected using 2,7dichlorodihydrofluorescein-diacetate (H2DCF-DA) fluorescent probes. Apoptosis was evaluated by acridine orange/ethidium bromide double staining method. Genotoxicity was evaluated by alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis assay (Comet Assay). Protein expression levels of IRS-1, TK, GLUT-2, and GLUT-4 were analyzed by western blotting technique from the obtained cell lysates. Although an optimum doses of OLE (10 μg/mL) maximally increased cell proliferation, decreased ROS generation improved IRS-1, TK, GLUT-2, and GLUT-4 protein expression levels (about fivefold), higher doses (10 to 320 μg/mL) markedly decreased the cell viability, increased DNA damage, apoptosis and ROS generation in a concentration-dependent manner. OLE can be used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. However, in order to find the most effective and non-toxic concentration, dose optimization is required.展开更多
One of the major therapeutic challenges for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most form of primaryliver cancer, is how to overcome drug resistance. Due to the high failure rate of systemic therapy in treatingadvance...One of the major therapeutic challenges for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most form of primaryliver cancer, is how to overcome drug resistance. Due to the high failure rate of systemic therapy in treatingadvanced HCC patients and the increasing recurrence rate, HCC is a highly lethal malignancy. Primaryand acquired drug resistance are major contributing factors to the patients with advanced HCC who donot respond effectively to long-term systemic therapy. Therefore, it is essential to look into the molecularprocesses that lead to drug resistance. Different studies have indicated that epithelial-to-mesenchymaltransition (EMT) plays a critical part in the emergence of drug resistance. Several signaling pathwaysregulate this phenomenon. This review primarily concentrates on drug resistance triggered by EMT,especially in the context of HCC. The key signaling pathways that cause drug resistance in HCC, includingtransforming growth factor-β and epidermal growth factor receptor signaling, liver cancer stem cells,and noncoding RNAs, are highlighted in the present study, along with the most recent molecular targetsdiscovered to prevent drug resistance. These targets could help develop novel and combinatory HCCtherapy approaches. Therefore, this review aims to provide both the latest findings on molecular basisand potential solutions for HCC drug resistance.展开更多
Skeletal muscle atrophy,a condition associated with sarcopenia,cachexia,and various metabolic diseases,significantly impairs physical function and quality of life.This study investigates the potential of Ononis natrix...Skeletal muscle atrophy,a condition associated with sarcopenia,cachexia,and various metabolic diseases,significantly impairs physical function and quality of life.This study investigates the potential of Ononis natrix subsp.hispanica water extract,rich in quercetin,luteolin,and apigenin,to mitigate muscle atrophy in an in vitro model.Atrophy was induced in differentiated C2C12 myotubes using dexamethasone,and the effects of the extract and a mixture of its phytochemicals(QLA mixture)were evaluated on myotube morphology and key protein degradation markers.The extract significantly reduced dexamethasone-induced myotube diameter loss from 28%to 13%-15.4%(p<0.001).Similarly,the QLA mixture limited diameter loss to 14.6%,maintaining a morphology closer to the control.The extract and QLA mixture attenuated the dexamethasone-induced upregulation of muscle-specific ubiquitin ligases MAFbx and MuRF1,with mRNA levels reduced by 2.1-2.4-fold and 1.9-2.4-fold,respectively(p<0.001).Western blot analysis validated the reduction in MAFbx protein levels.Molecular docking studies demonstrated robust binding interactions of quercetin,luteolin,and apigenin with TGFBR1 and IKBKB,showing binding energies as low as-10.1 kcal/mol.Notably,luteolin formed six hydrogen bonds with TGFBR1,while apigenin displayed four hydrogen bonds with IKBKB,underscoring their strong inhibitor potential.KEGG pathway enrichment analysis highlighted the involvement of PI3K-Akt,NF-κB,and FoxO signaling pathways,elucidating the extract’s multi-target mechanisms.These findings establish the therapeutic promise of O.natrix extract as a natural agent for managing skeletal muscle atrophy and improving muscle health.展开更多
The current work focused on researching the bioactive potential of ethyl acetate(EA),methanol(MeOH),and water extract of H.humile plant,specifically ethyl acetate,methanol extracts were acquired with maceration method...The current work focused on researching the bioactive potential of ethyl acetate(EA),methanol(MeOH),and water extract of H.humile plant,specifically ethyl acetate,methanol extracts were acquired with maceration method,and water extract was obtained by the infusion method.The highest total phenolic ingredient was determined in the water extract,while the highest total flavonoid ingredient was found in the MeOH extract.The water extract displayed the most potent antioxidant activity in the assays used.The ethyl acetate extract showed the highest enzyme inhibition activity in Butyrylcholinesterase inhibition(BChE)and amylase assay.Antibacterial efficiency was analyzed using microdilution analysis.The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)amounts ranged from 125 to 500μg/mL except for water extract.The antiviral potential of the extracts was assessed against Bovine herpes virus 1(BoHV-1)(Cooper strain).Methanol extract showed more potent antiviral effect.Selectivity indices were calculated for ethyl acetate and methanol extract as 3.32 and 13.39,respectively.All extracts displayed Deoxyribonucleic Acid(DNA)protection activity at approximately 25%-35%.For cell viability evaluation,3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide(MTT)test was performed against triple-negative human breast adenocarcinoma cells(MDA-MB-231)and Michigan Cancer Foundation-7(MCF-7)cells.The most effective results were found in ethyl acetate extract at 48h.The 50% inhibitor concentrations(IC_(50))were determined for MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 as 116.7μg/mL and 247.9μg/mL,respectively.Based on the bioactive compound content results,extracts of H.humile include valuable compounds that possess significant biological properties.In conclusion,these extracts could offer promising novel plant-derived therapeutics.展开更多
Oxidative stress is linked to increased risk of gastric cancer and matrix metalloproteinases （MMPs） are important in the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer. We aimed to analyze the effect of the accumulation ...Oxidative stress is linked to increased risk of gastric cancer and matrix metalloproteinases （MMPs） are important in the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer. We aimed to analyze the effect of the accumulation of oxidative stress in the gastric cancer MKN-45 and 23132/87 cells following hydrogen peroxide （H202） exposure on the expression patterns of MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-9, MMP-10, MMP- 1 1, MMP- 12, MMP-14, MMP- 15, MMP- 17, MMP-23, MMP-28, and β-catenin genes. Methods： The mRNA transcripts in the cells were determined by RT-PCR. Following H202 exposure, oxidative stress in the viable cells was analyzed by 2＇,7＇-dichlorofluorescein diaeetate （DCFH-DA）. Caffeie acid phenethyl ester （CAPE） was used to eliminate oxidative stress and the consequence of H2O2 exposure and its removal on the expressions of the genes were evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR. Results： The expressions of MMP-1, MMP-7, MMP-14, MMP-15, MMP-17 and β-catenin in MKN-45 cells and only the expression of MMP-15 in 23132/87 cells were increased. Removal of the oxidative stress resulted in decrease in the expressions of MMP genes of which the expressions were increased after H202 exposure. β-catenin, a transcription factor for many genes including MMPs, also displayed decreased levels of expression in both of the cell lines following CAPE treatment. Conclusions： Our data suggest that there is a remarkable link between the accumulation of oxidative stress and the increased expressions of MMP genes in the gastric cancer cells and MMPs should be considered as potential targets of therapy in gastric cancers due to its continuous exposure to oxidative stress.展开更多
Rosa canina is a member of the genus Rosa that has long been used for medical objectives. Several studies have reported cytotoxic effects of different Rosa species, but there has been only limited investigation of the...Rosa canina is a member of the genus Rosa that has long been used for medical objectives. Several studies have reported cytotoxic effects of different Rosa species, but there has been only limited investigation of the cytotoxic effect of R. canina. The purpose of the current study was to examine the potential effect of R.canina extract on cell viability, the cell cycle, apoptosis, and the expression of telomerase in human colon cancer(WiDr) cells. The cytotoxic effect of the extract was determined using MTT assay. The mechanism involved in the cytotoxic effect of the extract was then evaluated in terms of apoptosis and the cell cycle using flow cytometry. Mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP) was investigated using the fluorometric method, and expression levels of telomerase were studied using RT-PCR. R. canina extract exhibited a selective cytotoxic effect on WiDr cells compared with normal colon cells. The extract induced cell cycle arrest at the S phase and apoptosis via reduced MMP in WiDr cells. R. canina extract significantly repressed telomerase expressions at treatment times of 48 and 72 h in WiDr cells. Our results suggest that R. canina may have considerable potential for development as a novel natural product-based anticancer agent.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the antibiotic resistance genes inserted into class I and class 2integrons in Acinetobacler baumannii[A.baumannii)isolates obtained from nine different cities in Turkey.Methods:A collection of...Objective:To investigate the antibiotic resistance genes inserted into class I and class 2integrons in Acinetobacler baumannii[A.baumannii)isolates obtained from nine different cities in Turkey.Methods:A collection of 281 A.baumannii clinical isolates were collected from nine diferenl state hospitals in Turkey and were confirmed as A.baumannU by conventional biochemical,API testing and bla_(-OXA-51)specific PCR.The isolates were examined by PCR for existence of class I and2 integron gene cassettes.Results:They were characterized by antimicrobial susceptibility testing and the highest resistance rates were determined for piperacillin(90.03%),ciprofloxacin(87.54%),cefepime and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole(81.13%).The lowest resistance rates was for cefotaxime(3.55%).class 1 integrons were detected in 6.4%(18/281)of A.baumannii strains and no class 2 integron was detected.The gene casselles of class 1 inlegrons AacCI-AAC(3)l-aadAI,AacCI-aadA1,AAC(3)-I,AAC(3)-I-AAC(3)-I-aadA1,TEM-1.AAC(3)-I-aadA1-AAC(3)-I-AAC(3)-I,AAC(3)-I-AAC(3)-I-AAC(3)-I-aadA1,AAC(3)-I-aadA1,AAC(3)-I-AAC(3)-I,AAC(3)-I-aadA1-AAC(3)-I-aadA1,AAC(3)-I-AAC(3)-I-aadA1-AAC(3)-I-aadA1 were detected in eighteen strains.The aac genes family were most frequently found integrated into the class 1 inlegrons and it was followed by aadA genes and TEM-1 genes.Conclusions:This is an extensive study on the distribulion of class 1 integron among A.baumannii in Turkey.In addition to these,two new alleles were observed.Their percentage rates of similarity to other cassettes are 95%aadA1(TK A18)and 89%,aadA 1(ANKA3).展开更多
Background: Regenerative medicine holds promise for treating degenerative and inflammatory conditions like osteoarthritis (OA). However, the complex molecular mechanisms of OA and the limitations of current therapies ...Background: Regenerative medicine holds promise for treating degenerative and inflammatory conditions like osteoarthritis (OA). However, the complex molecular mechanisms of OA and the limitations of current therapies remain challenges. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) and stromal vascular fraction (SVF) are gaining attention for OA treatment due to their abundance in adipose tissue. The literature delineates two primary techniques for SVF extraction from adipose tissue: enzymatic digestion and mechanical methods. The Lipocube Hybrid SVF presents a straightforward and secure mechanical isolation method for SVF, enhancing its regenerative potential for various applications. Purpose: This study aims to provide valuable insights into the potential of Lipocube Hybrid SVF as a regenerative therapy for OA, contributing to the broader understanding of its applicability in addressing this debilitating condition. Method: To assess the effectiveness and safety of the Lipocube Hybrid SVF, we have designed a comparative study that evaluates cellular activity and viability, phenotypic characterization, and differentiation potential. The in vitro activity of mechanically isolated SVF is compared to the established gold standard enzymatic digestion method. After in vitro studies, Lipocube Hybrid mechanical isolation method was used to isolate SVF and applied in 42 knee and 7 hip joints of 28 patients with Grade II, Grade III, and Grade IV OA. Results: The Lipocube Hybrid group had slightly lower viable cell numbers but higher cell viability. Flow cytometry analysis showed the Lipocube Hybrid group exhibited more favorable markers for regenerative potential and reduced inflammatory response. Additionally, both groups demonstrated successful osteogenic differentiation, with the Lipocube Hybrid group excelling in chondrogenic and adipogenic differentiation. The clinical application of the Lipocube Hybrid SVF in OA patients resulted in significant improvements in WOMAC and VAS scores across different OA grades. Conclusions: This comparative study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the Lipocube Hybrid SVF, which has shown promise in laboratory settings, for different stages of osteoarthritis. The study findings provide valuable insights into the potential of Lipocube Hybrid SVF as a regenerative therapy for OA, highlighting its suitability for addressing this debilitating condition.展开更多
Cancer is a complex and heterogeneous disease characterized by various genetic and epigenetic alterations.Early diagnosis,accurate subtyping,and staging are essential for effective,personalized treatment and improved ...Cancer is a complex and heterogeneous disease characterized by various genetic and epigenetic alterations.Early diagnosis,accurate subtyping,and staging are essential for effective,personalized treatment and improved survival rates.Traditional diagnostic methods,such as biopsies,are invasive and carry operational risks that hinder repeated use,underscoring the need for noninvasive and personalized alternatives.In response,this study integrates transcriptomic data into human genome-scale metabolic models(GSMMs)to derive patient-specific flux distributions,which are then combined with genomic,proteomic,and fluxomic(JX)data to develop a robust multi-omic classifier for lung cancer subtyping and early diagnosis.The JX classifier is further enhanced by analyzing heterogeneous datasets from RNA sequencing and microarray analyses derived from both tissue samples and cell culture experiments,thereby enabling the identification of key marker features and enriched pathways such as lipid metabolism and energy production.This integrated approach not only demonstrates high performance in distinguishing lung cancer subtypes and early-stage disease but also proves robust when applied to limited pancreatic cancer data.By linking genotype to phenotype,GSMM-driven flux analysis overcomes challenges related to metabolome data scarcity and platform variability by proposing marker processes and reactions for further investigation,ultimately facilitating noninvasive diagnostics and the identification of actionable biomarkers for targeted therapeutic intervention.These findings offer significant promise for streamlining clinical workflows and enabling personalized therapeutic strategies,and they highlight the potential of our versatile workflow for unveiling novel biomarker landscapes in less studied diseases.展开更多
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of magnesium(1 wt%)and aluminum(1 wt%)incorporation on the in vitro bioactivity and biodegradation behavior of 45S5 bioactive glasses synthesized from rice hus...The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of magnesium(1 wt%)and aluminum(1 wt%)incorporation on the in vitro bioactivity and biodegradation behavior of 45S5 bioactive glasses synthesized from rice husk biogenic silica.The performance of biogenic silica-based samples was compared well with commercial silica-based counterparts.The in vitro biodegradation behavior of bioactive glasses was evaluated by the weight loss of samples and pH variation in the Tris buffer solution.Based on composition,bioglasses possessed different properties before and after simulated body fluid(SBF)immersion.The incorporation of magnesium(Mg)and aluminum(Al)enhanced the Vickers hardness of bioglasses.All the bioglasses showed the hydroxyapatite layer formation after SBF treatment as confirmed by the dissolution,FTIR,SEM and XRD analysis,however it was more prominent in the rice husk silica-based 45S5 bioglass.The biogenic silica seems to be a promising starting material for bioglass systems to be used in bone tissue engineering applications.展开更多
Members of the genus Astragalus have a great interest as a source of natural bioactive compounds on a scientific platform.To provide multidirectional insights into three Astragalus species(A.setulosus,A.anthylloides,a...Members of the genus Astragalus have a great interest as a source of natural bioactive compounds on a scientific platform.To provide multidirectional insights into three Astragalus species(A.setulosus,A.anthylloides,and A.ovalis),the current work focused on the chemical characterization and biological properties of their extracts(aerial parts and roots).The chemical characterization of the extracts was detected by HPLC-MS/MS analysis.The biological properties were evaluated by antioxidant,enzyme inhibitory,and cytotoxic parameters.Assays for radical quenching,reducing capacity,and metal chelation were also used to evaluate antioxidant properties.To test the enzyme inhibitory effects of the extracts,cholinesterases,tyrosinase,α-amylase,andα-glucosidase were utilized as target enzymes.Two cancer cell lines,(MCF-7(human breast cancer cell line)and HeLa(Human cervix cancer cell line),were selected to evaluate cytotoxic effects.Generally,5-caffeoylquinic acid(2.43-283.92μg/g extract),hyperoside(4.33-216.22μg/g extract)and rutin(1.09-184.98μg/g extract)were the main constituents.The extracts from aerial parts and roots of A.anthylloides showed stronger radical scavenging and reducing power abilities compared to A.setulosus and A.ovalis.The best AChE and BChE inhibitory effects were determined in the aerial parts of A.setulosus(2.18 mg GALAE/g)and roots of A.ovalis(4.76 mg GALAE/g),respectively.The extracts of A.ovalis had the highest tyrosinase inhibitory abilities.The extract from aerial parts of A.setulosus showed stronger cytotoxic effects compared to other extracts.Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed that the presence of some compounds(resveratrol,p-coumaric,5-caffeoylquinic,and ferulic acids,etc)was linked to the observed biological activities.Molecular docking was also provided for the possible interaction of enzymes as well as protein targets of the tested cell lines.Our findings provide a scientific basis for the Astragalus species,which may serve as a source of naturally occurring bioactive compounds for health-promoting applications.展开更多
Self-assembly of 13 nm gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)engineered into 2D structures in solution using DNA tiles for their possible use for gene delivery and photothermal therapy is reported.The two different DNA tiles were ...Self-assembly of 13 nm gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)engineered into 2D structures in solution using DNA tiles for their possible use for gene delivery and photothermal therapy is reported.The two different DNA tiles were constructed and the AuNPs coated with oligonucleotides possessing complementary sequence from the free ends were hybridized with the sticky ends of the tiles.The DNA tiles were bind to each other by mixing the tile structures without a heating and cooling step.The constructed nanostructures were 5 to 7 DNA tiles long since heat was not used to elongate them.When the DNA tiles were bound to the AuNPs,it was observed that AuNPs tend to stay in close proximity by filling the gaps between tiles.The stability of the constructed structures was tested against DNase,a DNA cleaving enzyme,for possible applications for gene delivery and photothermal therapy.It was found that the AuNP bound DNA tile structures resist the DNase cleavage up to eighty percent.Due to the presence of the AuNPs in the structure,the enzyme cannot bind to DNA sequences and this increases the DNA tile structures’stability.展开更多
文摘The field of photocatalysis has witnessed a significant advancement in the development of bioinspired and biomimetic photocatalysts for various biomedical applications,including drug delivery,tissue engineering,cancer therapy,and bioimaging.Nature has evolved efficient light-harvesting systems and energy conversion mechanisms,which serve as a benchmark for researchers.However,reproducing such complexity and harnessing it for biomedical applications is a daunting task.It requires a comprehensive understanding of the underlying biological processes and the ability to replicate them synthetically.By utilizing light energy,these photocatalysts can trigger specific chemical reactions,leading to targeted drug release,enhanced tissue regeneration,and precise imaging of biological structures.In this context,addressing the stability,long-term performance,scalability,and costeffectiveness of these materials is crucial for their widespread implementation in biomedical applications.While challenges such as complexity and stability persist,their advantages such as targeted drug delivery and personalized medicine make them a fascinating area of research.The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive analysis and evaluation of existing research,highlighting the advancements,current challenges,advantages,limitations,and future prospects of bioinspired and biomimetic photocatalysts in biomedicine.
文摘MXene-based smart contact lenses demonstrate a cutting-edge advancement in wearable ophthalmic technology,combining real-time biosensing,therapeutic capabilities,and user comfort in a single platform.These devices take the advantage of the exceptional electrical conductivity,mechanical flexibility,and biocompatibility of two-dimensional MXenes to enable noninvasive,tear-based monitoring of key physiological markers such as intraocular pressure and glucose levels.Recent developments focus on the integration of transparent MXene films into the conventional lens materials,allowing multifunctional performance including photothermal therapy,antimicrobial and anti-inflammation protection,and dehydration resistance.These innovations offer promising strategies for ocular disease management and eye protection.In addition to their multifunctionality,improvements in MXene synthesis and device engineering have enhanced the stability,transparency,and wearability of these lenses.Despite these advances,challenges remain in long-term biostability,scalable production,and integration with wireless communication systems.This review summarizes the current progress,key challenges,and future directions of MXene-based smart contact lenses,highlighting their transformative potential in next-generation digital healthcare and ophthalmic care.
文摘Primula vulgaris belongs to the genus Primula, members of which are frequently used in folk medicine. Various studies have investigated the cytotoxic effect of different Primula species, but there have been limited studies on the cytotoxic effect of P vulgaris. The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic effects, and possible mechanisms involved, of P vulgaris flower extract on human cervical cancer （HeLa） cells. The cytotoxic effect of the extract on HeLa cells was revealed using the MTT assay. Mechanisms involved in the extract＇s cytotoxic effect were then investigated in terms of apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential, and the cell cycle, using fluorometric methods. P vulgaris flower extract exhibited selective cytotoxic effects against HeLa cells by arresting their cell cycle at the S phase, and inducing the number of apoptotic cells compared to normal fibroblast cells by reducing mitochondrial membrane potential in a concentration-dependent manner. This is the first study to reveal the antiproliferative effect ofP. vulgaris flower extract. Further studies are now needed to identify the cytotoxic molecules in the extract and their mechanisms.
文摘The secondary metabolites synthesized by plants are economically important chemical compounds in the agricultural and industrial areas such as food, perfumery and pharmaceutical sectors. In recent years, attempts for their production by in vitro plant cell and tissue cultures have been accelerated considerably. Colchicine, the principle secondary metabolite of Colchicum autumnale L. and Gloriosa superba L., is an important alkaloid that has poison effect used for treatment of various diseases and plant breeding studies. Presently, colchicine has been produced by using the seeds of C. autumnale L. and the tubers of G. superba L. through different chemical extraction methods. Applying in vitro plant cell and tissue cultures together with metabolic and genetic engineering techniques, large-scale production of colchicine can be achieved from the above two plant species.
文摘The present study was conducted to evaluate the chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of essential oils ofOcimum basilicum var. album （L.） Benth, Lavandula angustifolia subsp, angustifolia, Melissa officinalis. The chemical compositionof a hydrodistilled essential oils of Ocimum basilicum var. album （L.） Benth., Lavandula angustifolia subsp, angustifolia, Melissaofficinalis was analyzed by a GC/MS system. Ocimum basilicum var. album （L.） Benth essential oil contains1,6-octadien-3-ol,3,7-dimethyl （53.79%）, Lavandula angustifolia subsp, angustifolia essential oil 1,6-octadien-3-ol,3,7-dimethyl（42.07%）, Melissa officinalis essential oil d-limonene （26%）. Antimicrobial screening of the essential oils was made by disc diffusion.The antimicrobial test results showed that the Ocimum basilicum var. album （L.） Benth, Melissa officinalis, Lavandula angustifoliasubsp, angustifolia essential oils have great potential of antimicrobial activity against all three （Staphylococcus aureus （ATCC 6338）Gram positive, Escherichia coli （ATCC 10536）, Pseudomonas aeruginosa （ATCC 15442） Gram negative bacteria）, one fungi（Aspergillus niger）, one yeast （Candida albicans） species tested.
基金Dicle University Science and Technology Research Center(DUBTAM)Dicle University Scientific and Technological Research Council(DUBAP)with Grant Number:14–EZF–14 are gratefully acknowledged for their analysis and financial supports
文摘Boronic acid compounds with different substituted groups were handled to synthesize various ligands encoded as B1, B2, B3, B4, BS, B6, B7 and BS. B5 and B7 were tested for the cytotoxic activity against the prostate cancer cells and it was found that the cell viability of cancer cells was decreased while most of the healthy cells could still be viable. 5 μM solutions of B5 and B7 decreased the cell viability to 33% and 44%; whereas healthy cells were 71% and 95%, respectively, after treatment. Antimicrobial properties were explored against the bacterial and fungal microorganisms with B1, B5 and BZ The inhibition zones were evaluated for all boronic structures, and the growth inhibition zones were determined in a range of 7-13 mm diameter for different microorganism species. Staphylococcus aureus was the common micro- organism that three boronic compounds with imine ligands showed the activity. Antioxidant features of B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7 and B8 were investigated by different processes such as Beta-carotene bleaching （BCB）, 2,2-diphenyl picryl hydrazyl （DPPH）, 2,2″-azino-bis（ 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid） （ABTS） and CUPric reducing antioxidant capacity （CLIPRAC） methods. Significant antioxidant activity was achieved by the phenyl boronic based ligands and these compounds demonstrated as much activity as standards （α-Toc and BHT）. In addition, all structures were applied properly without any decomposition during the experiments. They were rather stable both in aqueous media and solid state.
文摘In order to identify the variation and estimate the genetic diversity among the fig (Ficus carica L.) genotypes collected from Algeria and Turkey, the genetic relationships between 86 genotypes were investigated using 23 inter primer binding sites (iPBS)-retrotransposon and 16 simple sequence repeat (SSR) primers. A total of 63 polymorphic bands for the iPBS-retrotransposon markers and 25 alleles for the SSR markers were identified with an average of 2.7 and 1.6 per primer, respectively. The average value of polymorphism information content (PIC) for the iPBS markers (0.73) was higher than that for the SSR markers (0.69). Applying the neighbor-joining method to the combined iPBS-retrotransposon and SSR data, the fig genotypes were clustered into two groups. The STRUCTURE software was used to determine the population structure. Among the genotypes studied, two populations (K = 2) were identified indicating a low diversity between the Algerian and Turkish varieties. Both types of markers were able to differentiate all the fig genotypes and were efficient in discriminating the closely related genotypes. Our data also showed that as a universal marker, iPBS-retrotransposon is a useful tool for the molecular characterization of fig genotypes.
基金supported by Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Research Fund Grants BAP-2013.102.03.12 and BAP-2013.102.03.13.
文摘Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the leading nosocomial pathogens worldwide, and their infections are difficult to treat due to acquired resistance to many antibiotics. This study aimed to detect class 1 and 2 integrons and antibiotic susceptibility of clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa. Two hundred and five P. aeruginosa strains were collected from the seven general state hospitals in Turkey. They were characterized by antimicrobial susceptibility testing, screened for class 1 and class 2 integrons, and evaluated for the association between antibiotic resistance phenotypes and the presence of integrons. intI gene was amplified in 10 isolates (4.87%) by PCR and in seven isolates of them (70%) were found different gene cassettes. The aadA gene integrated into the class 1 integrons was most frequently found and it was followed by aac genes and blaOXA family genes. Sequence analysis of variable regions of the class 1 integrons showed five gene cassette arrays;aadA1(99%), aac(3)-Id(82%)-orf-aac(3”)-Ia(99%), aac(3)-Ie(83%)-blaoxa10(100%)- aadA1 (100%), aadA6(99%, 100%), aac(6’)-I(97%)-orf-aadA2(99%). No class 2 integron was detected. This study is the first multicenter study for class 1 integrons and it indicates the low rate of presence of class 1 gene cassette in P. aeruginosa.
基金funded by the Bezmialem Vakif University Scientific Research Projects Unit(No:6.2016/57).
文摘Type 2 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes. Conventionally many drugs are used for the treatment of diabetes such as biguanides, sulfonylureas, meglitinides, etc. But the desired effective treatment is still not to be achieved. So researches are going on for the development of effective alternative therapy against diabetes. Olive leaves are traditionally used in the treatment of the disease. However, studies on its mechanism of action are not yet enough. The aim of this study was to investigate whether olive leaf extract (OLE) improves insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), tyrosine kinase (TK), GLUT-2, and GLUT-4. Oleuropein levels were analyzed from OLE obtained by using four different solvents, and the highest content of methanol extract was selected for the study. Different concentrations of OLE (2.5 to 320 μg/mL) were incubated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells for 24 hours. After incubation, cell viability was assessed based on luminometric ATP cell viability assay kit. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generating level was detected using 2,7dichlorodihydrofluorescein-diacetate (H2DCF-DA) fluorescent probes. Apoptosis was evaluated by acridine orange/ethidium bromide double staining method. Genotoxicity was evaluated by alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis assay (Comet Assay). Protein expression levels of IRS-1, TK, GLUT-2, and GLUT-4 were analyzed by western blotting technique from the obtained cell lysates. Although an optimum doses of OLE (10 μg/mL) maximally increased cell proliferation, decreased ROS generation improved IRS-1, TK, GLUT-2, and GLUT-4 protein expression levels (about fivefold), higher doses (10 to 320 μg/mL) markedly decreased the cell viability, increased DNA damage, apoptosis and ROS generation in a concentration-dependent manner. OLE can be used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. However, in order to find the most effective and non-toxic concentration, dose optimization is required.
文摘One of the major therapeutic challenges for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most form of primaryliver cancer, is how to overcome drug resistance. Due to the high failure rate of systemic therapy in treatingadvanced HCC patients and the increasing recurrence rate, HCC is a highly lethal malignancy. Primaryand acquired drug resistance are major contributing factors to the patients with advanced HCC who donot respond effectively to long-term systemic therapy. Therefore, it is essential to look into the molecularprocesses that lead to drug resistance. Different studies have indicated that epithelial-to-mesenchymaltransition (EMT) plays a critical part in the emergence of drug resistance. Several signaling pathwaysregulate this phenomenon. This review primarily concentrates on drug resistance triggered by EMT,especially in the context of HCC. The key signaling pathways that cause drug resistance in HCC, includingtransforming growth factor-β and epidermal growth factor receptor signaling, liver cancer stem cells,and noncoding RNAs, are highlighted in the present study, along with the most recent molecular targetsdiscovered to prevent drug resistance. These targets could help develop novel and combinatory HCCtherapy approaches. Therefore, this review aims to provide both the latest findings on molecular basisand potential solutions for HCC drug resistance.
基金funded by Kastamonu University,Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit under grant number KÜ-BAP01/2020-60.
文摘Skeletal muscle atrophy,a condition associated with sarcopenia,cachexia,and various metabolic diseases,significantly impairs physical function and quality of life.This study investigates the potential of Ononis natrix subsp.hispanica water extract,rich in quercetin,luteolin,and apigenin,to mitigate muscle atrophy in an in vitro model.Atrophy was induced in differentiated C2C12 myotubes using dexamethasone,and the effects of the extract and a mixture of its phytochemicals(QLA mixture)were evaluated on myotube morphology and key protein degradation markers.The extract significantly reduced dexamethasone-induced myotube diameter loss from 28%to 13%-15.4%(p<0.001).Similarly,the QLA mixture limited diameter loss to 14.6%,maintaining a morphology closer to the control.The extract and QLA mixture attenuated the dexamethasone-induced upregulation of muscle-specific ubiquitin ligases MAFbx and MuRF1,with mRNA levels reduced by 2.1-2.4-fold and 1.9-2.4-fold,respectively(p<0.001).Western blot analysis validated the reduction in MAFbx protein levels.Molecular docking studies demonstrated robust binding interactions of quercetin,luteolin,and apigenin with TGFBR1 and IKBKB,showing binding energies as low as-10.1 kcal/mol.Notably,luteolin formed six hydrogen bonds with TGFBR1,while apigenin displayed four hydrogen bonds with IKBKB,underscoring their strong inhibitor potential.KEGG pathway enrichment analysis highlighted the involvement of PI3K-Akt,NF-κB,and FoxO signaling pathways,elucidating the extract’s multi-target mechanisms.These findings establish the therapeutic promise of O.natrix extract as a natural agent for managing skeletal muscle atrophy and improving muscle health.
基金the generous technical and financial support of the Kastamonu University Scientific Projects Research Office(Project Number:KÜ-BAP01/2019-20 and KUÜ-HIZDES/2019-11).
文摘The current work focused on researching the bioactive potential of ethyl acetate(EA),methanol(MeOH),and water extract of H.humile plant,specifically ethyl acetate,methanol extracts were acquired with maceration method,and water extract was obtained by the infusion method.The highest total phenolic ingredient was determined in the water extract,while the highest total flavonoid ingredient was found in the MeOH extract.The water extract displayed the most potent antioxidant activity in the assays used.The ethyl acetate extract showed the highest enzyme inhibition activity in Butyrylcholinesterase inhibition(BChE)and amylase assay.Antibacterial efficiency was analyzed using microdilution analysis.The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)amounts ranged from 125 to 500μg/mL except for water extract.The antiviral potential of the extracts was assessed against Bovine herpes virus 1(BoHV-1)(Cooper strain).Methanol extract showed more potent antiviral effect.Selectivity indices were calculated for ethyl acetate and methanol extract as 3.32 and 13.39,respectively.All extracts displayed Deoxyribonucleic Acid(DNA)protection activity at approximately 25%-35%.For cell viability evaluation,3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide(MTT)test was performed against triple-negative human breast adenocarcinoma cells(MDA-MB-231)and Michigan Cancer Foundation-7(MCF-7)cells.The most effective results were found in ethyl acetate extract at 48h.The 50% inhibitor concentrations(IC_(50))were determined for MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 as 116.7μg/mL and 247.9μg/mL,respectively.Based on the bioactive compound content results,extracts of H.humile include valuable compounds that possess significant biological properties.In conclusion,these extracts could offer promising novel plant-derived therapeutics.
基金granted by the Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) under the project number 105S352 (SBAG-K-110)by the Scientific Research Fund of Fatih University under the project number P50030703
文摘Oxidative stress is linked to increased risk of gastric cancer and matrix metalloproteinases （MMPs） are important in the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer. We aimed to analyze the effect of the accumulation of oxidative stress in the gastric cancer MKN-45 and 23132/87 cells following hydrogen peroxide （H202） exposure on the expression patterns of MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-9, MMP-10, MMP- 1 1, MMP- 12, MMP-14, MMP- 15, MMP- 17, MMP-23, MMP-28, and β-catenin genes. Methods： The mRNA transcripts in the cells were determined by RT-PCR. Following H202 exposure, oxidative stress in the viable cells was analyzed by 2＇,7＇-dichlorofluorescein diaeetate （DCFH-DA）. Caffeie acid phenethyl ester （CAPE） was used to eliminate oxidative stress and the consequence of H2O2 exposure and its removal on the expressions of the genes were evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR. Results： The expressions of MMP-1, MMP-7, MMP-14, MMP-15, MMP-17 and β-catenin in MKN-45 cells and only the expression of MMP-15 in 23132/87 cells were increased. Removal of the oxidative stress resulted in decrease in the expressions of MMP genes of which the expressions were increased after H202 exposure. β-catenin, a transcription factor for many genes including MMPs, also displayed decreased levels of expression in both of the cell lines following CAPE treatment. Conclusions： Our data suggest that there is a remarkable link between the accumulation of oxidative stress and the increased expressions of MMP genes in the gastric cancer cells and MMPs should be considered as potential targets of therapy in gastric cancers due to its continuous exposure to oxidative stress.
基金the Foundation of Scientific Research of Gumushane University for financially supporting this research under Project No: 13.F5119.02.1
文摘Rosa canina is a member of the genus Rosa that has long been used for medical objectives. Several studies have reported cytotoxic effects of different Rosa species, but there has been only limited investigation of the cytotoxic effect of R. canina. The purpose of the current study was to examine the potential effect of R.canina extract on cell viability, the cell cycle, apoptosis, and the expression of telomerase in human colon cancer(WiDr) cells. The cytotoxic effect of the extract was determined using MTT assay. The mechanism involved in the cytotoxic effect of the extract was then evaluated in terms of apoptosis and the cell cycle using flow cytometry. Mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP) was investigated using the fluorometric method, and expression levels of telomerase were studied using RT-PCR. R. canina extract exhibited a selective cytotoxic effect on WiDr cells compared with normal colon cells. The extract induced cell cycle arrest at the S phase and apoptosis via reduced MMP in WiDr cells. R. canina extract significantly repressed telomerase expressions at treatment times of 48 and 72 h in WiDr cells. Our results suggest that R. canina may have considerable potential for development as a novel natural product-based anticancer agent.
基金Supported by Recep Tayyip Erdogan University(Grant No.BAP2012.102.03.4.and BAP-2013.102.03.4)
文摘Objective:To investigate the antibiotic resistance genes inserted into class I and class 2integrons in Acinetobacler baumannii[A.baumannii)isolates obtained from nine different cities in Turkey.Methods:A collection of 281 A.baumannii clinical isolates were collected from nine diferenl state hospitals in Turkey and were confirmed as A.baumannU by conventional biochemical,API testing and bla_(-OXA-51)specific PCR.The isolates were examined by PCR for existence of class I and2 integron gene cassettes.Results:They were characterized by antimicrobial susceptibility testing and the highest resistance rates were determined for piperacillin(90.03%),ciprofloxacin(87.54%),cefepime and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole(81.13%).The lowest resistance rates was for cefotaxime(3.55%).class 1 integrons were detected in 6.4%(18/281)of A.baumannii strains and no class 2 integron was detected.The gene casselles of class 1 inlegrons AacCI-AAC(3)l-aadAI,AacCI-aadA1,AAC(3)-I,AAC(3)-I-AAC(3)-I-aadA1,TEM-1.AAC(3)-I-aadA1-AAC(3)-I-AAC(3)-I,AAC(3)-I-AAC(3)-I-AAC(3)-I-aadA1,AAC(3)-I-aadA1,AAC(3)-I-AAC(3)-I,AAC(3)-I-aadA1-AAC(3)-I-aadA1,AAC(3)-I-AAC(3)-I-aadA1-AAC(3)-I-aadA1 were detected in eighteen strains.The aac genes family were most frequently found integrated into the class 1 inlegrons and it was followed by aadA genes and TEM-1 genes.Conclusions:This is an extensive study on the distribulion of class 1 integron among A.baumannii in Turkey.In addition to these,two new alleles were observed.Their percentage rates of similarity to other cassettes are 95%aadA1(TK A18)and 89%,aadA 1(ANKA3).
文摘Background: Regenerative medicine holds promise for treating degenerative and inflammatory conditions like osteoarthritis (OA). However, the complex molecular mechanisms of OA and the limitations of current therapies remain challenges. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) and stromal vascular fraction (SVF) are gaining attention for OA treatment due to their abundance in adipose tissue. The literature delineates two primary techniques for SVF extraction from adipose tissue: enzymatic digestion and mechanical methods. The Lipocube Hybrid SVF presents a straightforward and secure mechanical isolation method for SVF, enhancing its regenerative potential for various applications. Purpose: This study aims to provide valuable insights into the potential of Lipocube Hybrid SVF as a regenerative therapy for OA, contributing to the broader understanding of its applicability in addressing this debilitating condition. Method: To assess the effectiveness and safety of the Lipocube Hybrid SVF, we have designed a comparative study that evaluates cellular activity and viability, phenotypic characterization, and differentiation potential. The in vitro activity of mechanically isolated SVF is compared to the established gold standard enzymatic digestion method. After in vitro studies, Lipocube Hybrid mechanical isolation method was used to isolate SVF and applied in 42 knee and 7 hip joints of 28 patients with Grade II, Grade III, and Grade IV OA. Results: The Lipocube Hybrid group had slightly lower viable cell numbers but higher cell viability. Flow cytometry analysis showed the Lipocube Hybrid group exhibited more favorable markers for regenerative potential and reduced inflammatory response. Additionally, both groups demonstrated successful osteogenic differentiation, with the Lipocube Hybrid group excelling in chondrogenic and adipogenic differentiation. The clinical application of the Lipocube Hybrid SVF in OA patients resulted in significant improvements in WOMAC and VAS scores across different OA grades. Conclusions: This comparative study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the Lipocube Hybrid SVF, which has shown promise in laboratory settings, for different stages of osteoarthritis. The study findings provide valuable insights into the potential of Lipocube Hybrid SVF as a regenerative therapy for OA, highlighting its suitability for addressing this debilitating condition.
文摘Cancer is a complex and heterogeneous disease characterized by various genetic and epigenetic alterations.Early diagnosis,accurate subtyping,and staging are essential for effective,personalized treatment and improved survival rates.Traditional diagnostic methods,such as biopsies,are invasive and carry operational risks that hinder repeated use,underscoring the need for noninvasive and personalized alternatives.In response,this study integrates transcriptomic data into human genome-scale metabolic models(GSMMs)to derive patient-specific flux distributions,which are then combined with genomic,proteomic,and fluxomic(JX)data to develop a robust multi-omic classifier for lung cancer subtyping and early diagnosis.The JX classifier is further enhanced by analyzing heterogeneous datasets from RNA sequencing and microarray analyses derived from both tissue samples and cell culture experiments,thereby enabling the identification of key marker features and enriched pathways such as lipid metabolism and energy production.This integrated approach not only demonstrates high performance in distinguishing lung cancer subtypes and early-stage disease but also proves robust when applied to limited pancreatic cancer data.By linking genotype to phenotype,GSMM-driven flux analysis overcomes challenges related to metabolome data scarcity and platform variability by proposing marker processes and reactions for further investigation,ultimately facilitating noninvasive diagnostics and the identification of actionable biomarkers for targeted therapeutic intervention.These findings offer significant promise for streamlining clinical workflows and enabling personalized therapeutic strategies,and they highlight the potential of our versatile workflow for unveiling novel biomarker landscapes in less studied diseases.
基金This work was supported by Research Fund of the Yildiz Technical University[Project Number:2013-07-04-KAP06].
文摘The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of magnesium(1 wt%)and aluminum(1 wt%)incorporation on the in vitro bioactivity and biodegradation behavior of 45S5 bioactive glasses synthesized from rice husk biogenic silica.The performance of biogenic silica-based samples was compared well with commercial silica-based counterparts.The in vitro biodegradation behavior of bioactive glasses was evaluated by the weight loss of samples and pH variation in the Tris buffer solution.Based on composition,bioglasses possessed different properties before and after simulated body fluid(SBF)immersion.The incorporation of magnesium(Mg)and aluminum(Al)enhanced the Vickers hardness of bioglasses.All the bioglasses showed the hydroxyapatite layer formation after SBF treatment as confirmed by the dissolution,FTIR,SEM and XRD analysis,however it was more prominent in the rice husk silica-based 45S5 bioglass.The biogenic silica seems to be a promising starting material for bioglass systems to be used in bone tissue engineering applications.
文摘Members of the genus Astragalus have a great interest as a source of natural bioactive compounds on a scientific platform.To provide multidirectional insights into three Astragalus species(A.setulosus,A.anthylloides,and A.ovalis),the current work focused on the chemical characterization and biological properties of their extracts(aerial parts and roots).The chemical characterization of the extracts was detected by HPLC-MS/MS analysis.The biological properties were evaluated by antioxidant,enzyme inhibitory,and cytotoxic parameters.Assays for radical quenching,reducing capacity,and metal chelation were also used to evaluate antioxidant properties.To test the enzyme inhibitory effects of the extracts,cholinesterases,tyrosinase,α-amylase,andα-glucosidase were utilized as target enzymes.Two cancer cell lines,(MCF-7(human breast cancer cell line)and HeLa(Human cervix cancer cell line),were selected to evaluate cytotoxic effects.Generally,5-caffeoylquinic acid(2.43-283.92μg/g extract),hyperoside(4.33-216.22μg/g extract)and rutin(1.09-184.98μg/g extract)were the main constituents.The extracts from aerial parts and roots of A.anthylloides showed stronger radical scavenging and reducing power abilities compared to A.setulosus and A.ovalis.The best AChE and BChE inhibitory effects were determined in the aerial parts of A.setulosus(2.18 mg GALAE/g)and roots of A.ovalis(4.76 mg GALAE/g),respectively.The extracts of A.ovalis had the highest tyrosinase inhibitory abilities.The extract from aerial parts of A.setulosus showed stronger cytotoxic effects compared to other extracts.Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed that the presence of some compounds(resveratrol,p-coumaric,5-caffeoylquinic,and ferulic acids,etc)was linked to the observed biological activities.Molecular docking was also provided for the possible interaction of enzymes as well as protein targets of the tested cell lines.Our findings provide a scientific basis for the Astragalus species,which may serve as a source of naturally occurring bioactive compounds for health-promoting applications.
基金support of TUBITAK(Grant no:108T605)Yeditepe University.
文摘Self-assembly of 13 nm gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)engineered into 2D structures in solution using DNA tiles for their possible use for gene delivery and photothermal therapy is reported.The two different DNA tiles were constructed and the AuNPs coated with oligonucleotides possessing complementary sequence from the free ends were hybridized with the sticky ends of the tiles.The DNA tiles were bind to each other by mixing the tile structures without a heating and cooling step.The constructed nanostructures were 5 to 7 DNA tiles long since heat was not used to elongate them.When the DNA tiles were bound to the AuNPs,it was observed that AuNPs tend to stay in close proximity by filling the gaps between tiles.The stability of the constructed structures was tested against DNase,a DNA cleaving enzyme,for possible applications for gene delivery and photothermal therapy.It was found that the AuNP bound DNA tile structures resist the DNase cleavage up to eighty percent.Due to the presence of the AuNPs in the structure,the enzyme cannot bind to DNA sequences and this increases the DNA tile structures’stability.
