Alzheimer’s disease is a prevalent and debilitating neurodegenerative condition that profoundly affects a patient’s daily functioning with progressive cognitive decline,which can be partly attributed to impaired hip...Alzheimer’s disease is a prevalent and debilitating neurodegenerative condition that profoundly affects a patient’s daily functioning with progressive cognitive decline,which can be partly attributed to impaired hippocampal neurogenesis.Neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus is likely to persist throughout life but declines with aging,especially in Alzheimer’s disease.Recent evidence indicated that RNA-binding protein 8A(Rbm8a)promotes the proliferation of neural progenitor cells,with lower expression levels observed in Alzheimer’s disease patients compared with healthy people.This study investigated the hypothesis that Rbm8a overexpression may enhance neurogenesis by promoting the proliferation of neural progenitor cells to improve memory impairment in Alzheimer’s disease.Therefore,Rbm8a overexpression was induced in the dentate gyrus of 5×FAD mice to validate this hypothesis.Elevated Rbm8a levels in the dentate gyrus triggered neurogenesis and abated pathological phenotypes(such as plaque formation,gliosis reaction,and dystrophic neurites),leading to ameliorated memory performance in 5×FAD mice.RNA sequencing data further substantiated these findings,showing the enrichment of differentially expressed genes involved in biological processes including neurogenesis,cell proliferation,and amyloid protein formation.In conclusion,overexpressing Rbm8a in the dentate gyrus of 5×FAD mouse brains improved cognitive function by ameliorating amyloid-beta-associated pathological phenotypes and enhancing neurogenesis.展开更多
BACKGROUND Both phases of euthyroid sick syndrome(ESS)are associated with worse prognosis in septic shock patients.Although there are still no indications for supplementation therapy,there is no evidence that both pha...BACKGROUND Both phases of euthyroid sick syndrome(ESS)are associated with worse prognosis in septic shock patients.Although there are still no indications for supplementation therapy,there is no evidence that both phases(initial and prolonged)are adaptive or that only prolonged is maladaptive and requires supplementation.AIM To analyze clinical,hemodynamic and laboratory differences in two groups of septic shock patients with ESS.METHODS A total of 47 septic shock patients with ESS were divided according to values of their thyroid hormones into low T3 and low T3T4 groups.The analysis included demographic data,mortality scores,intensive care unit stay,mechanical ventilation length and 28-day survival and laboratory with hemodynamics.RESULTS The Simplified Acute Physiology Score II score(P=0.029),dobutamine(P=0.003)and epinephrine requirement(P=0.000)and the incidence of renal failure and multiple organ failure(MOF)(P=0.000)were significantly higher for the low T3T4.Hypoalbuminemia(P=0.047),neutrophilia(P=0.038),lymphopenia(P=0.013)and lactatemia(P=0.013)were more pronounced on T2 for the low T3T4 group compared to the low T3 group.Diastolic blood pressure at T0(P=0.017)and T1(P=0.007),as well as mean arterial pressure at T0(P=0.037)and T2(P=0.033)was higher for the low T3 group.CONCLUSION The low T3T4 population is associated with higher frequency of renal insufficiency and MOF,with worse laboratory and hemodynamic parameters.These findings suggest potentially maladaptive changes in the chronic phase of septic shock.展开更多
China has successfully launched six lunar probes so far.From Chang'E-1 to Chang'E-4,they completed the circling,landing and roving exploration,of which Chang'E-4 was the first landing on the far side of th...China has successfully launched six lunar probes so far.From Chang'E-1 to Chang'E-4,they completed the circling,landing and roving exploration,of which Chang'E-4 was the first landing on the far side of the Moon in human history.Chang'E-5 was launched in December 2020,bringing back 1731 g of lunar soil samples.Through the detailed analysis of the samples,the scientists understand the history of late lunar volcanism,specifically extending lunar volcanism by about 800 million to 1 billion years,and proposed possible mechanisms.In addition,there are many new understandings of space weathering such as meteorite impacts and solar wind radiation on the Moon.China's first Mars exploration mission Tianwen-1 was successfully launched in July 2021.Through the study of scientific data,a number of important scientific achievements have been made in the topography,water environment and shallow surface structure of Mars.This paper introduces the main scientific achievements of Chang'E-4,Chang'E-5 and Tianwen-1 in the past two years,excluding technical and engineering contents.Due to the large number of articles involved,this paper only introduces part of the results.展开更多
The Internet of Things(IoT)is a network system that connects physical devices through the Internet,allowing them to interact.Nowadays,IoT has become an integral part of our lives,offering convenience and smart functio...The Internet of Things(IoT)is a network system that connects physical devices through the Internet,allowing them to interact.Nowadays,IoT has become an integral part of our lives,offering convenience and smart functionality.However,the growing number of IoT devices has brought about a corresponding increase in cybersecurity threats,such as device vulnerabilities,data privacy concerns,and network susceptibilities.Integrating blockchain technology with IoT has proven to be a promising approach to enhance IoT security.Nevertheless,the emergence of quantum computing poses a significant challenge to the security of traditional classical cryptography used in blockchain,potentially exposing it to quantum cyber-attacks.To support the growth of the IoT industry,mitigate quantum threats,and safeguard IoT data,this study proposes a robust blockchain solution for IoT that incorporates both classical and post-quantum security measures.Firstly,we present the Quantum-Enhanced Blockchain Architecture for IoT(QBIoT)to ensure secure data sharing and integrity protection.Secondly,we propose an improved Proof of Authority consensus algorithm called“Proof of Authority with Random Election”(PoARE),implemented within QBIoT for leader selection and new block creation.Thirdly,we develop a publickey quantum signature protocol for transaction verification in the blockchain.Finally,a comprehensive security analysis of QBIoT demonstrates its resilience against cyber threats from both classical and quantum adversaries.In summary,this research introduces an innovative quantum-enhanced blockchain solution to address quantum security concernswithin the realmof IoT.The proposedQBIoT framework contributes to the ongoing development of quantum blockchain technology and offers valuable insights for future research on IoT security.展开更多
Drawing upon a characteristic analysis of the latency period in emergencies,this paper proposes an emergency plan selection method based on interval language variables and information entropy to address the challenge ...Drawing upon a characteristic analysis of the latency period in emergencies,this paper proposes an emergency plan selection method based on interval language variables and information entropy to address the challenge of acquiring critical information during this crucial stage.Initially,decision-makers employ interval language variables to express the preference information regarding emergency plans,while also introducing an enhanced information entropy theory to derive the weight coefficients of key indicators.Subsequently,the weighted arithmetic average operator of interval language is applied twice to aggregate the preference information alongside the relative importance of decision-makers and the weight coefficients of key indicators.Finally,the ranking coefficients of each emergency plan are sorted to determine the optimal scheme.The feasibility and effectiveness of this method are demonstrated through a case study involving the selection of an emergency plan for a flood disaster in a specific location.展开更多
To effectively deal with fuzzy and uncertain information in public engineering emergencies,an emergency decision-making method based on multi-granularity language information is proposed.Firstly,decision makers select...To effectively deal with fuzzy and uncertain information in public engineering emergencies,an emergency decision-making method based on multi-granularity language information is proposed.Firstly,decision makers select the appropriate language phrase set according to their own situation,give the preference information of the weight of each key indicator,and then transform the multi-granularity language information through consistency.On this basis,the sequential optimization technology of the approximately ideal scheme is introduced to obtain the weight coefficient of each key indicator.Subsequently,the weighted average operator is used to aggregate the preference information of each alternative scheme with the relative importance of decision-makers and the weight of key indicators in sequence,and the comprehensive evaluation value of each scheme is obtained to determine the optimal scheme.Lastly,the effectiveness and practicability of the method are verified by taking the earthwork collapse accident in the construction of a reservoir as an example.展开更多
Recently reported summertime methane （CH4） emissions （6.7 ± 13.3 mg CH4/（m2·hr）） from newly created marshes in the drawdown area of the Three Gorges Reservoir （TGR）, China have triggered broad concer...Recently reported summertime methane （CH4） emissions （6.7 ± 13.3 mg CH4/（m2·hr）） from newly created marshes in the drawdown area of the Three Gorges Reservoir （TGR）, China have triggered broad concern in academic circles and among the public. The CH4 emissions from TGR water surfaces and drawdown areas were monitored from 3rd June to 16th October 2010 with floating and static chambers and gas chromatography. The average CH4 emission flux from permanently flooded areas in Zigui, Wushan and Yunyang Counties was （0.33 ± 0.09） mg CH4/（m2·hr）. In half of these hottest months of the year, the wilderness, cropland and deforested drawdown sites were aerobic and located above water level, and the CH4 emissions were very small, ranging from a sink at 0.12 mg CH4/（m2·hr） to a source at 0.08 mg CH4/（m2·hr） except for one mud-covered site after flood. Mean CH4 emission in flooded drawdown sites was 0.34 mg CH4/（m2·hr）. The emissions from the rice paddy sites in the drawdown area were averaged at （4.86 ± 2.31） mg CH4/（m2·hr）. Excepting the rice-paddy sites, these results show much lower emission levels than previously reported. Our results indicated considerable spatial and temporal variation in CH4 emissions from the TGR. Human activities and occasional events, such as flood, may also affect emission levels. Long-term CH4 measurements and modeling in a large region are necessary to accurately estimate greenhouse gas emissions from the TGR.展开更多
With increased cyber attacks over years,information system security assessment becomes more and more important.This paper provides an ontology-based attack model,and then utilizes it to assess the information system s...With increased cyber attacks over years,information system security assessment becomes more and more important.This paper provides an ontology-based attack model,and then utilizes it to assess the information system security from attack angle.We categorize attacks into a taxonomy suitable for security assessment.The proposed taxonomy consists of five dimensions,which include attack impact,attack vector,attack target,vulnerability and defense.Afterwards we build an ontology according to the taxonomy.In the ontology,attack related concepts included in the five dimensions and relationships between them are formalized and analyzed in detail.We also populate our attack ontology with information from national vulnerability database(NVD)about the vulnerabilities,such as common vulnerabilities and exposures(CVE),common weakness enumeration(CWE),common vulnerability scoring system(CVSS),and common platform enumeration(CPE).Finally we propose an ontology-based framework for security assessment of network and computer systems,and describe the utilization of ontology in the security assessment and the method for evaluating attack efect on the system when it is under attack.展开更多
Aromatic hydrocarbons,one of the persistent organic pollutants（POPs）,has been usually found in mussels,accumulated for their hard mobility and activities in harbours and estuaries.In this study,based on the 96 hr-LC...Aromatic hydrocarbons,one of the persistent organic pollutants（POPs）,has been usually found in mussels,accumulated for their hard mobility and activities in harbours and estuaries.In this study,based on the 96 hr-LC50 of 12 aromatic hydrocarbons with larval sinonvaculina constricta,three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship（3D-QSAR） technique：comparative molecular similarity indices analysis（CoMSIA） and 2D-QSAR technique：multiple linear regression（MLR） were described to obtain more detailed insight into the structure-activity relationships between the molecular structure and bio-activity.The results show the MLR model based on density functional theory（DFT） calculation carried out at the B3LYP/6-311＊＊ level with Gaussian 03 program yielded a very good correlation with a coefficient squared R2 of 0.716 and a cross-validated Q2 of 0.874.The dipole moment and enthalpy,as the thermodynamic parameters,were two important factors influencing pLC50.Correspondingly,CoMSIA based on the partial least-squares（PLS） methodology with steric,electrostatic,hydrophobic,H-bond donor and acceptor fields contributing simultaneously were employed and the values of R2 and the cross validation with leave-One-Out（LOO） Q2LOO were 0.585 and 0.990,respectively,which reveals the structure features,such as the electronegative substituent（nitro-group）,hydrophobic groups（the benzene ring） and H-bond（nitro-group）,related to the toxicity.The results of 2D-QSAR employing MLR model and 3D-QSAR employing CoMSIA model provide the useful information for predicting the toxicity of other aromatic hydrocarbons by comparing the molecular structures of similar compounds.展开更多
Objective The purpose of this study was to explore how obesity was covered in television news in China, including the trends over time and the characteristics of obesity-related news. Methods The frame analysis was ad...Objective The purpose of this study was to explore how obesity was covered in television news in China, including the trends over time and the characteristics of obesity-related news. Methods The frame analysis was adopted to assess the content of obesity-related news broadcasted in China Central Television （CCTV） from 1982 to 2009. To investigate the characteristics of the news, the obesity-related news was divided into subgroups according to populations concerned, as well as the period in which the news was broadcasted. The differences between subgroups were examined. Results A total of 1 599 pieces of news reported obesity, in which 1 278 pieces （79.92%） aired in ＂wealthy＂ period （2006-2009）. More news was concerned with adults （1 134, 70.92%）. ＂Individual behavior＂ dominated most of the cause frames （389, 24.33%）, solution frames （522, 32.65%）, and responsibility frames （860, 53.78%）. There was more news mentioning individual factors in news aired in ＂wealthy＂ period and news concerning children. The coverage of social-structure causes was higher in news concerning children, while the coverage of social-structure solutions was higher in news concerning children and news aired in ＂wealthy＂ period. Conclusion Although the coverage of obesity was modest, it showed an incremental trend as the economy grew. Obesity was mostly depicted as an individual problem in terms of responsibility, causes and solutions.展开更多
In 2011, petroleum exploration of shallow marine deposits Carboniferous and volcanic tuff reservoir re- alized breakthroughs at Chepaizi slope in the western margin of Junggar Basin. Pal 61 well, with 855.7 949.6 m se...In 2011, petroleum exploration of shallow marine deposits Carboniferous and volcanic tuff reservoir re- alized breakthroughs at Chepaizi slope in the western margin of Junggar Basin. Pal 61 well, with 855.7 949.6 m section, in the conventional test oil obtained 6 t/d industrial oil flow. The surface viscosity is 390 mPa. s （50 ℃）. The marine deposit of Carboniferous are deep oil source rocks and high-quality reservoir. Magma volcanic activity provides the basis for volcanic reservoir development and distribution. The weathering crust and secondary cracks developed volcanic tuff by strong rock weathering and dissolution of organic acids which has become top quality reservoir. Deep Permian oil-gas migrated and accumulated to high parts along Hong-Che fault belt and stratigraphic unconformity stripping. Permian and Triassic volcanic rocks or dense mudstone sedimentary cover as a regional seal for the late Carboniferous oil-gas to save critically. The seismic pre-stack time migration processing technologies for the problem of poor inner structures of Carboniferous were developed. Response of volcanic rock seismic and logging are obvious. The application imaging logging and nuclear magnetic technology achieved the qualitative identification and quantification of fracture description.展开更多
The pollutants from the 15 rivers inflowing into Lake Taihu accounted for about 80% of the total amount of the pollutants inflowing into Lake Taihu. Therefore, overall treatment of the inflowing rivers of Taihu Lake i...The pollutants from the 15 rivers inflowing into Lake Taihu accounted for about 80% of the total amount of the pollutants inflowing into Lake Taihu. Therefore, overall treatment of the inflowing rivers of Taihu Lake is of great importance to the improvement of water environment in the valley and the eutrophication status in th lake. Firstly, the basic ideas, key taches and main methods for water pollution control of inflow rivers of Taihu Lake was put forward in this article, Basic on these theories, the pollutant source status in the comprehensive treatment zone of the 15 major inflow rivers was analysized, the countermeasures of pollution control and main regulation projects were introduced, and the total abatement of pollutants was predicted. With the implement of regulation projects, the number of rivers with water quality worse than Grade V among the 15 major inflow rivers had come from 9 to 3, and the eutrophication status of Taihu Lake had changed from medium level to light level. The overall treatment of the major inflow rivers of the Taihu Lake had achieved initial success.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To explore the factors influencing physicians’intentions to use Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)to treat coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).METHODS:A cross-sectional,self-report online survey was conducted...OBJECTIVE:To explore the factors influencing physicians’intentions to use Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)to treat coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).METHODS:A cross-sectional,self-report online survey was conducted from March 16,2020,to April 2,2020,in China.Participants were recruited through convenience and snowball sampling.Data were collected by using a self-designed questionnaire based on the Theory of Planned Behavior.Structural equation modeling was used for data analysis.RESULTS:A total of 494 physicians were enrolled in this study.Overall,the model explained 75.4%and 75.5%of the total variance in intention and attitude,respectively.Specifically,attitudes(β=0.467,P<0.001),past behavior(β=0.384,P<0.05),subjective norms(SN)(β=0.177,P<0.001),and perceived behavioral control(PBC)(β=0.133,P<0.05)significantly affected physicians’intention to use TCM.Cognition(β=0.606,P<0.001)and PBC(β=0.569,P<0.01)significantly influenced physicians’attitudes toward using TCM.SN(β=0.064,P=0.263)was not a factor affecting attitude.CONCLUSION:Physicians’intention to use TCM was significantly associated with attitude,past behavior,PBC,and SN.The findings may not only be useful for understanding the influencing factors and paths of physicians’intention to use TCM to treat COVID-19 but also provide a reference for health authorities and policymakers to promote physicians to utilize TCM.展开更多
With the help of the testing apparatus made by ourselves for shielding electromagnetic radiation, the electric conductivity and shielding effectiveness of electromagnetic radiation of polyethylene film contained diffe...With the help of the testing apparatus made by ourselves for shielding electromagnetic radiation, the electric conductivity and shielding effectiveness of electromagnetic radiation of polyethylene film contained different content of carbon particles was systematically studied in this paper. The results indicate that the electric conductivity and shielding effectiveness of electromagnetic radiation of polyethylene /carbon film have closely relations with content of carbon black particles, which exists a critical content value as 14%～30% and its properties will have a tremendous change.展开更多
Smoking is a major risk factor for chronic diseases,it has been estimated that 300 million adults currently smoke in China,and the smoking prevalence in males is as high as 52.9%,with 1million smoking-related deaths y...Smoking is a major risk factor for chronic diseases,it has been estimated that 300 million adults currently smoke in China,and the smoking prevalence in males is as high as 52.9%,with 1million smoking-related deaths yearly.Therefore,smoking is also a huge health burden in China[1].Researchers have suggested an association between diet and smoking status with respect to both food and nutrient intakes.According to such studies,smokers tended to have a poor diet.展开更多
The high efficient blowing technique includes increasing oxygen supply intensity and optimizing slag forming. The oxygen supply intensity on 300 t converters of No. 1 steelmaking shop at Baosteel reaches 3.83 m^3/（t ...The high efficient blowing technique includes increasing oxygen supply intensity and optimizing slag forming. The oxygen supply intensity on 300 t converters of No. 1 steelmaking shop at Baosteel reaches 3.83 m^3/（t · min）, and at Taiyuan Steel, Lianyuan Steel, Pingxiang Steel and other steel plants, the oxygen supply intensity on medium converters is in the range of 4.0--4.4m^3/（t · min）. The productivity of converter can be increased by 8% -- 15% with adopting this technique. The whole technique, including design and manufacture of lance nozzle with reasonable pacnolontenue of outlets, technique of oxygen supply and slag forming, has been developed by CISRI to meet the need of technique transfer.展开更多
The rapid advancement of quantum technology poses significant security risks to blockchain systems.However,quantum technology can also provide solutions for enhancing blockchain security.In this paper,we propose a qua...The rapid advancement of quantum technology poses significant security risks to blockchain systems.However,quantum technology can also provide solutions for enhancing blockchain security.In this paper,we propose a quantum-enhanced blockchain scheme to achieve a high level of security against quantum computing attacks.We first discuss quantum computing attacks on classic blockchains,including attacks on hash functions,digital signatures,and consensus mechanisms.We then introduce quantum technologies,such as a quantum hash function(QHF),a quantum digital signature(QDS),and proof of authority(PoA)consensus mechanism,into our scheme to improve the security of the blockchain system.Our security analysis demonstrates that our scheme offers superior security against quantum and classic attacks.Finally,we compare our scheme with previous works,showing that our scheme has achieved a perfect balance in terms of practicality,reliability,scalability,and efficiency.Overall,this work contributes to the ongoing research on quantum blockchain in the quantum era.展开更多
The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao （HZM） Bridge is located at the Pearl River estuary and has a total length of 55 km. The HZM Bridge＇s main navigational crossing is by way of two 100 000 m2 artificial islands and a 6.7 km...The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao （HZM） Bridge is located at the Pearl River estuary and has a total length of 55 km. The HZM Bridge＇s main navigational crossing is by way of two 100 000 m2 artificial islands and a 6.7 km long undersea tunnel, which are the link＇s most critical parts.展开更多
China＇ s urban and rural economic and social structures are persisted, perfectly shaped, very typical. Since the new century, the Chinese government began to adjust serious distorted urban-rural relations. New rural ...China＇ s urban and rural economic and social structures are persisted, perfectly shaped, very typical. Since the new century, the Chinese government began to adjust serious distorted urban-rural relations. New rural construction, total abolition of agricultural tax, the construction of modern agriculture and other major strategic decisions have been introduced; free compulsory education in rural areas, the new rural cooperative medical care, rural public infrastructure, cultural services and other specific measures have been rolled out building. But these still can not slow down our growing urban-rural gap, China＇ s economic and social development is still running under the urban and rural pattern, and the trend has increased.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.91849104(to YW)。
文摘Alzheimer’s disease is a prevalent and debilitating neurodegenerative condition that profoundly affects a patient’s daily functioning with progressive cognitive decline,which can be partly attributed to impaired hippocampal neurogenesis.Neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus is likely to persist throughout life but declines with aging,especially in Alzheimer’s disease.Recent evidence indicated that RNA-binding protein 8A(Rbm8a)promotes the proliferation of neural progenitor cells,with lower expression levels observed in Alzheimer’s disease patients compared with healthy people.This study investigated the hypothesis that Rbm8a overexpression may enhance neurogenesis by promoting the proliferation of neural progenitor cells to improve memory impairment in Alzheimer’s disease.Therefore,Rbm8a overexpression was induced in the dentate gyrus of 5×FAD mice to validate this hypothesis.Elevated Rbm8a levels in the dentate gyrus triggered neurogenesis and abated pathological phenotypes(such as plaque formation,gliosis reaction,and dystrophic neurites),leading to ameliorated memory performance in 5×FAD mice.RNA sequencing data further substantiated these findings,showing the enrichment of differentially expressed genes involved in biological processes including neurogenesis,cell proliferation,and amyloid protein formation.In conclusion,overexpressing Rbm8a in the dentate gyrus of 5×FAD mouse brains improved cognitive function by ameliorating amyloid-beta-associated pathological phenotypes and enhancing neurogenesis.
基金approved by the Institutional Review Board(IRB)of Cantonal Hospital Zenica,and the protocols used in the study were approved by the Ethical Committee of Cantonal Hospital Zenica(00-03-35-38-14/22).
文摘BACKGROUND Both phases of euthyroid sick syndrome(ESS)are associated with worse prognosis in septic shock patients.Although there are still no indications for supplementation therapy,there is no evidence that both phases(initial and prolonged)are adaptive or that only prolonged is maladaptive and requires supplementation.AIM To analyze clinical,hemodynamic and laboratory differences in two groups of septic shock patients with ESS.METHODS A total of 47 septic shock patients with ESS were divided according to values of their thyroid hormones into low T3 and low T3T4 groups.The analysis included demographic data,mortality scores,intensive care unit stay,mechanical ventilation length and 28-day survival and laboratory with hemodynamics.RESULTS The Simplified Acute Physiology Score II score(P=0.029),dobutamine(P=0.003)and epinephrine requirement(P=0.000)and the incidence of renal failure and multiple organ failure(MOF)(P=0.000)were significantly higher for the low T3T4.Hypoalbuminemia(P=0.047),neutrophilia(P=0.038),lymphopenia(P=0.013)and lactatemia(P=0.013)were more pronounced on T2 for the low T3T4 group compared to the low T3 group.Diastolic blood pressure at T0(P=0.017)and T1(P=0.007),as well as mean arterial pressure at T0(P=0.037)and T2(P=0.033)was higher for the low T3 group.CONCLUSION The low T3T4 population is associated with higher frequency of renal insufficiency and MOF,with worse laboratory and hemodynamic parameters.These findings suggest potentially maladaptive changes in the chronic phase of septic shock.
文摘China has successfully launched six lunar probes so far.From Chang'E-1 to Chang'E-4,they completed the circling,landing and roving exploration,of which Chang'E-4 was the first landing on the far side of the Moon in human history.Chang'E-5 was launched in December 2020,bringing back 1731 g of lunar soil samples.Through the detailed analysis of the samples,the scientists understand the history of late lunar volcanism,specifically extending lunar volcanism by about 800 million to 1 billion years,and proposed possible mechanisms.In addition,there are many new understandings of space weathering such as meteorite impacts and solar wind radiation on the Moon.China's first Mars exploration mission Tianwen-1 was successfully launched in July 2021.Through the study of scientific data,a number of important scientific achievements have been made in the topography,water environment and shallow surface structure of Mars.This paper introduces the main scientific achievements of Chang'E-4,Chang'E-5 and Tianwen-1 in the past two years,excluding technical and engineering contents.Due to the large number of articles involved,this paper only introduces part of the results.
基金supported by National Key RD Program of China(Grant No.2022YFB3104402,the Research on Digital Identity Trust System for Massive Heterogeneous Terminals in Road Traffic System)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant Nos.3282023015,3282023035,3282023051)National First-Class Discipline Construction Project of Beijing Electronic Science and Technology Institute(No.3201012).
文摘The Internet of Things(IoT)is a network system that connects physical devices through the Internet,allowing them to interact.Nowadays,IoT has become an integral part of our lives,offering convenience and smart functionality.However,the growing number of IoT devices has brought about a corresponding increase in cybersecurity threats,such as device vulnerabilities,data privacy concerns,and network susceptibilities.Integrating blockchain technology with IoT has proven to be a promising approach to enhance IoT security.Nevertheless,the emergence of quantum computing poses a significant challenge to the security of traditional classical cryptography used in blockchain,potentially exposing it to quantum cyber-attacks.To support the growth of the IoT industry,mitigate quantum threats,and safeguard IoT data,this study proposes a robust blockchain solution for IoT that incorporates both classical and post-quantum security measures.Firstly,we present the Quantum-Enhanced Blockchain Architecture for IoT(QBIoT)to ensure secure data sharing and integrity protection.Secondly,we propose an improved Proof of Authority consensus algorithm called“Proof of Authority with Random Election”(PoARE),implemented within QBIoT for leader selection and new block creation.Thirdly,we develop a publickey quantum signature protocol for transaction verification in the blockchain.Finally,a comprehensive security analysis of QBIoT demonstrates its resilience against cyber threats from both classical and quantum adversaries.In summary,this research introduces an innovative quantum-enhanced blockchain solution to address quantum security concernswithin the realmof IoT.The proposedQBIoT framework contributes to the ongoing development of quantum blockchain technology and offers valuable insights for future research on IoT security.
文摘Drawing upon a characteristic analysis of the latency period in emergencies,this paper proposes an emergency plan selection method based on interval language variables and information entropy to address the challenge of acquiring critical information during this crucial stage.Initially,decision-makers employ interval language variables to express the preference information regarding emergency plans,while also introducing an enhanced information entropy theory to derive the weight coefficients of key indicators.Subsequently,the weighted arithmetic average operator of interval language is applied twice to aggregate the preference information alongside the relative importance of decision-makers and the weight coefficients of key indicators.Finally,the ranking coefficients of each emergency plan are sorted to determine the optimal scheme.The feasibility and effectiveness of this method are demonstrated through a case study involving the selection of an emergency plan for a flood disaster in a specific location.
文摘To effectively deal with fuzzy and uncertain information in public engineering emergencies,an emergency decision-making method based on multi-granularity language information is proposed.Firstly,decision makers select the appropriate language phrase set according to their own situation,give the preference information of the weight of each key indicator,and then transform the multi-granularity language information through consistency.On this basis,the sequential optimization technology of the approximately ideal scheme is introduced to obtain the weight coefficient of each key indicator.Subsequently,the weighted average operator is used to aggregate the preference information of each alternative scheme with the relative importance of decision-makers and the weight of key indicators in sequence,and the comprehensive evaluation value of each scheme is obtained to determine the optimal scheme.Lastly,the effectiveness and practicability of the method are verified by taking the earthwork collapse accident in the construction of a reservoir as an example.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50809067)the National Basic Research Program (973) of China (No.2010CB955904-03)the Chinese Academy of Sciences for Strategic Priority Research Program (No.XDA05060102, XDA05050602)
文摘Recently reported summertime methane （CH4） emissions （6.7 ± 13.3 mg CH4/（m2·hr）） from newly created marshes in the drawdown area of the Three Gorges Reservoir （TGR）, China have triggered broad concern in academic circles and among the public. The CH4 emissions from TGR water surfaces and drawdown areas were monitored from 3rd June to 16th October 2010 with floating and static chambers and gas chromatography. The average CH4 emission flux from permanently flooded areas in Zigui, Wushan and Yunyang Counties was （0.33 ± 0.09） mg CH4/（m2·hr）. In half of these hottest months of the year, the wilderness, cropland and deforested drawdown sites were aerobic and located above water level, and the CH4 emissions were very small, ranging from a sink at 0.12 mg CH4/（m2·hr） to a source at 0.08 mg CH4/（m2·hr） except for one mud-covered site after flood. Mean CH4 emission in flooded drawdown sites was 0.34 mg CH4/（m2·hr）. The emissions from the rice paddy sites in the drawdown area were averaged at （4.86 ± 2.31） mg CH4/（m2·hr）. Excepting the rice-paddy sites, these results show much lower emission levels than previously reported. Our results indicated considerable spatial and temporal variation in CH4 emissions from the TGR. Human activities and occasional events, such as flood, may also affect emission levels. Long-term CH4 measurements and modeling in a large region are necessary to accurately estimate greenhouse gas emissions from the TGR.
基金the National Basic Research Program(973)of China(No.2010CB731403)the Information Network Security Key Laboratory Open Project of the Ministry of Public Security of China(No.C09603)the Shanghai Key Scientific and Technological Project(No.11511504302)
文摘With increased cyber attacks over years,information system security assessment becomes more and more important.This paper provides an ontology-based attack model,and then utilizes it to assess the information system security from attack angle.We categorize attacks into a taxonomy suitable for security assessment.The proposed taxonomy consists of five dimensions,which include attack impact,attack vector,attack target,vulnerability and defense.Afterwards we build an ontology according to the taxonomy.In the ontology,attack related concepts included in the five dimensions and relationships between them are formalized and analyzed in detail.We also populate our attack ontology with information from national vulnerability database(NVD)about the vulnerabilities,such as common vulnerabilities and exposures(CVE),common weakness enumeration(CWE),common vulnerability scoring system(CVSS),and common platform enumeration(CPE).Finally we propose an ontology-based framework for security assessment of network and computer systems,and describe the utilization of ontology in the security assessment and the method for evaluating attack efect on the system when it is under attack.
基金Supported by the Special Research Fund for the National Non-profit Institutes (East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute) (2008M11, 2007M08)National Natural Science Foundation of China (41001188)National Basic Research Program (973) of China (2010CB429005)
文摘Aromatic hydrocarbons,one of the persistent organic pollutants（POPs）,has been usually found in mussels,accumulated for their hard mobility and activities in harbours and estuaries.In this study,based on the 96 hr-LC50 of 12 aromatic hydrocarbons with larval sinonvaculina constricta,three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship（3D-QSAR） technique：comparative molecular similarity indices analysis（CoMSIA） and 2D-QSAR technique：multiple linear regression（MLR） were described to obtain more detailed insight into the structure-activity relationships between the molecular structure and bio-activity.The results show the MLR model based on density functional theory（DFT） calculation carried out at the B3LYP/6-311＊＊ level with Gaussian 03 program yielded a very good correlation with a coefficient squared R2 of 0.716 and a cross-validated Q2 of 0.874.The dipole moment and enthalpy,as the thermodynamic parameters,were two important factors influencing pLC50.Correspondingly,CoMSIA based on the partial least-squares（PLS） methodology with steric,electrostatic,hydrophobic,H-bond donor and acceptor fields contributing simultaneously were employed and the values of R2 and the cross validation with leave-One-Out（LOO） Q2LOO were 0.585 and 0.990,respectively,which reveals the structure features,such as the electronegative substituent（nitro-group）,hydrophobic groups（the benzene ring） and H-bond（nitro-group）,related to the toxicity.The results of 2D-QSAR employing MLR model and 3D-QSAR employing CoMSIA model provide the useful information for predicting the toxicity of other aromatic hydrocarbons by comparing the molecular structures of similar compounds.
文摘Objective The purpose of this study was to explore how obesity was covered in television news in China, including the trends over time and the characteristics of obesity-related news. Methods The frame analysis was adopted to assess the content of obesity-related news broadcasted in China Central Television （CCTV） from 1982 to 2009. To investigate the characteristics of the news, the obesity-related news was divided into subgroups according to populations concerned, as well as the period in which the news was broadcasted. The differences between subgroups were examined. Results A total of 1 599 pieces of news reported obesity, in which 1 278 pieces （79.92%） aired in ＂wealthy＂ period （2006-2009）. More news was concerned with adults （1 134, 70.92%）. ＂Individual behavior＂ dominated most of the cause frames （389, 24.33%）, solution frames （522, 32.65%）, and responsibility frames （860, 53.78%）. There was more news mentioning individual factors in news aired in ＂wealthy＂ period and news concerning children. The coverage of social-structure causes was higher in news concerning children, while the coverage of social-structure solutions was higher in news concerning children and news aired in ＂wealthy＂ period. Conclusion Although the coverage of obesity was modest, it showed an incremental trend as the economy grew. Obesity was mostly depicted as an individual problem in terms of responsibility, causes and solutions.
基金National Planed Major S&T Projects(No.2011ZX05002-002)Scientific Research Project of Sinopec(No.P03011)Key Technology Tacking Project,Shengli Oilfield Company,Sinopec(No.YKK0808)
文摘In 2011, petroleum exploration of shallow marine deposits Carboniferous and volcanic tuff reservoir re- alized breakthroughs at Chepaizi slope in the western margin of Junggar Basin. Pal 61 well, with 855.7 949.6 m section, in the conventional test oil obtained 6 t/d industrial oil flow. The surface viscosity is 390 mPa. s （50 ℃）. The marine deposit of Carboniferous are deep oil source rocks and high-quality reservoir. Magma volcanic activity provides the basis for volcanic reservoir development and distribution. The weathering crust and secondary cracks developed volcanic tuff by strong rock weathering and dissolution of organic acids which has become top quality reservoir. Deep Permian oil-gas migrated and accumulated to high parts along Hong-Che fault belt and stratigraphic unconformity stripping. Permian and Triassic volcanic rocks or dense mudstone sedimentary cover as a regional seal for the late Carboniferous oil-gas to save critically. The seismic pre-stack time migration processing technologies for the problem of poor inner structures of Carboniferous were developed. Response of volcanic rock seismic and logging are obvious. The application imaging logging and nuclear magnetic technology achieved the qualitative identification and quantification of fracture description.
文摘The pollutants from the 15 rivers inflowing into Lake Taihu accounted for about 80% of the total amount of the pollutants inflowing into Lake Taihu. Therefore, overall treatment of the inflowing rivers of Taihu Lake is of great importance to the improvement of water environment in the valley and the eutrophication status in th lake. Firstly, the basic ideas, key taches and main methods for water pollution control of inflow rivers of Taihu Lake was put forward in this article, Basic on these theories, the pollutant source status in the comprehensive treatment zone of the 15 major inflow rivers was analysized, the countermeasures of pollution control and main regulation projects were introduced, and the total abatement of pollutants was predicted. With the implement of regulation projects, the number of rivers with water quality worse than Grade V among the 15 major inflow rivers had come from 9 to 3, and the eutrophication status of Taihu Lake had changed from medium level to light level. The overall treatment of the major inflow rivers of the Taihu Lake had achieved initial success.
基金Supported by National Social Science Fund of National Emergency Management System Construction Research Project:Research on the Management Mechanism of Integrating Traditional and Western Medicine to Responsed to Major Epidemic(No.20VYJ069)
文摘OBJECTIVE:To explore the factors influencing physicians’intentions to use Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)to treat coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).METHODS:A cross-sectional,self-report online survey was conducted from March 16,2020,to April 2,2020,in China.Participants were recruited through convenience and snowball sampling.Data were collected by using a self-designed questionnaire based on the Theory of Planned Behavior.Structural equation modeling was used for data analysis.RESULTS:A total of 494 physicians were enrolled in this study.Overall,the model explained 75.4%and 75.5%of the total variance in intention and attitude,respectively.Specifically,attitudes(β=0.467,P<0.001),past behavior(β=0.384,P<0.05),subjective norms(SN)(β=0.177,P<0.001),and perceived behavioral control(PBC)(β=0.133,P<0.05)significantly affected physicians’intention to use TCM.Cognition(β=0.606,P<0.001)and PBC(β=0.569,P<0.01)significantly influenced physicians’attitudes toward using TCM.SN(β=0.064,P=0.263)was not a factor affecting attitude.CONCLUSION:Physicians’intention to use TCM was significantly associated with attitude,past behavior,PBC,and SN.The findings may not only be useful for understanding the influencing factors and paths of physicians’intention to use TCM to treat COVID-19 but also provide a reference for health authorities and policymakers to promote physicians to utilize TCM.
文摘With the help of the testing apparatus made by ourselves for shielding electromagnetic radiation, the electric conductivity and shielding effectiveness of electromagnetic radiation of polyethylene film contained different content of carbon particles was systematically studied in this paper. The results indicate that the electric conductivity and shielding effectiveness of electromagnetic radiation of polyethylene /carbon film have closely relations with content of carbon black particles, which exists a critical content value as 14%～30% and its properties will have a tremendous change.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China [No.81602851]Excellent Young Talents of Health System in Shanghai [No.2017YQ043]
文摘Smoking is a major risk factor for chronic diseases,it has been estimated that 300 million adults currently smoke in China,and the smoking prevalence in males is as high as 52.9%,with 1million smoking-related deaths yearly.Therefore,smoking is also a huge health burden in China[1].Researchers have suggested an association between diet and smoking status with respect to both food and nutrient intakes.According to such studies,smokers tended to have a poor diet.
文摘The high efficient blowing technique includes increasing oxygen supply intensity and optimizing slag forming. The oxygen supply intensity on 300 t converters of No. 1 steelmaking shop at Baosteel reaches 3.83 m^3/（t · min）, and at Taiyuan Steel, Lianyuan Steel, Pingxiang Steel and other steel plants, the oxygen supply intensity on medium converters is in the range of 4.0--4.4m^3/（t · min）. The productivity of converter can be increased by 8% -- 15% with adopting this technique. The whole technique, including design and manufacture of lance nozzle with reasonable pacnolontenue of outlets, technique of oxygen supply and slag forming, has been developed by CISRI to meet the need of technique transfer.
基金supported byResearch on SatelliteQuantumKeyNetwork Security Architecture(No.AHY180500)This work was supported by the Research on Digital Identity Trust System for Massive Heterogeneous Terminals in Road Traffic System(No.2022YFB3104402)+2 种基金This work was supported in part by National Key RD Program of China(No.2018YFB0803401)in part by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under Grant 2019M650606in part by First-class Discipline Construction Project of Beijing Electronic Science and Technology Institute(No.3201012).
文摘The rapid advancement of quantum technology poses significant security risks to blockchain systems.However,quantum technology can also provide solutions for enhancing blockchain security.In this paper,we propose a quantum-enhanced blockchain scheme to achieve a high level of security against quantum computing attacks.We first discuss quantum computing attacks on classic blockchains,including attacks on hash functions,digital signatures,and consensus mechanisms.We then introduce quantum technologies,such as a quantum hash function(QHF),a quantum digital signature(QDS),and proof of authority(PoA)consensus mechanism,into our scheme to improve the security of the blockchain system.Our security analysis demonstrates that our scheme offers superior security against quantum and classic attacks.Finally,we compare our scheme with previous works,showing that our scheme has achieved a perfect balance in terms of practicality,reliability,scalability,and efficiency.Overall,this work contributes to the ongoing research on quantum blockchain in the quantum era.
文摘The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao （HZM） Bridge is located at the Pearl River estuary and has a total length of 55 km. The HZM Bridge＇s main navigational crossing is by way of two 100 000 m2 artificial islands and a 6.7 km long undersea tunnel, which are the link＇s most critical parts.
文摘China＇ s urban and rural economic and social structures are persisted, perfectly shaped, very typical. Since the new century, the Chinese government began to adjust serious distorted urban-rural relations. New rural construction, total abolition of agricultural tax, the construction of modern agriculture and other major strategic decisions have been introduced; free compulsory education in rural areas, the new rural cooperative medical care, rural public infrastructure, cultural services and other specific measures have been rolled out building. But these still can not slow down our growing urban-rural gap, China＇ s economic and social development is still running under the urban and rural pattern, and the trend has increased.
