Objectives:Walking sports,whereby traditional disciplines of sport modify gameplay by limiting physical activity to walking only,may offer benefits for physical activity engagement and subjective wellbeing outcomes in...Objectives:Walking sports,whereby traditional disciplines of sport modify gameplay by limiting physical activity to walking only,may offer benefits for physical activity engagement and subjective wellbeing outcomes in older adults.Questionnaires were used to collect physical activity and health related data from a cross section of older South Australian walking sports participants(n=56),which was compared to a population-based sample of their peers(n=1817)to explore these potential benefits.Methods:Ordinal logistic regression and linear regression were used for between-group comparisons across three subgroups of participants,who reported engaging in:(1)walking sports,(2)traditional sports,and(3)no sport.All analyses were adjusted for age,marital status,education and employment status.Results:Compared to walking sports participants,those who did not participate in sports were more than twice as likely to report poorer self-rated health.Walking sports and traditional sports participants reported meeting the minimum weekly physical activity requirements.No significant differences in subjective wellbeing were found between the three participant subgroups.Conclusions:Older adults who participated in walking sports had significantly higher self-rated health and physical activity levels,than those not involved in sports.Therefore,sport organisations should consider offering walking sports programs to engage older adults who face barriers to engaging in traditional sports,supporting their continued involvement in physical activity.展开更多
Accurately modeling real network dynamics is a grand challenge in network science.The network dynamics arise from node interactions,which are shaped by network topology.Real networks tend to exhibit compact or highly ...Accurately modeling real network dynamics is a grand challenge in network science.The network dynamics arise from node interactions,which are shaped by network topology.Real networks tend to exhibit compact or highly optimized topologies.But the key problems arise:how to compress a network to best enhance its compactness,and what the compression limit of the network reflects?We abstract the topological compression of complex networks as a dynamic process of making them more compact and propose the local compression modulus that plays a key role in effective compression evolution of networks.Subsequently,we identify topological compressibility-a general property of complex networks that characterizes the extent to which a network can be compressed-and provide its approximate quantification.We anticipate that our findings and established theory will provide valuable insights into both dynamics and various applications of complex networks.展开更多
The March 11,2011,MW9.0 Tohoku-Oki earthquake,in Japan,caused rapid strain release near the epicenter,while the Boso Peninsula,located farther away,experienced stress redistribution,leading to changes in the recurrenc...The March 11,2011,MW9.0 Tohoku-Oki earthquake,in Japan,caused rapid strain release near the epicenter,while the Boso Peninsula,located farther away,experienced stress redistribution,leading to changes in the recurrence interval of slow slip events(SSEs)and regional strain.This study focuses on three detected post-2011 Boso SSEs,utilizing a segmented model displacement time series measured by Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)to calculate velocity and strain rate fields for eight periods before,during,and after the SSEs.Results show that the 2011 earthquake and the three SSEs significantly alter the velocity field in the Boso region,with SSE velocities predominantly oriented southeast,reaching maximum values of 26.9 cm/a,10.6 cm/a,and 38.5 cm/adnearly opposite to non-SSE periods.After the third SSE,the velocity field nearly returns to its pre-earthquake state,with a maximum of 1.8 cm/a.The maximum shear strain rates during the three SSEs are 25.88×10^(-7) a^(-1),11.38×10^(-7) a^(-1),and 29.02×10^(-7) a^(-1)(i.e.,per annum),significantly higher than those during non-slow slip periods,with principal strain rates following a similar pattern.The spatial distribution of strain rates during the SSEs indicates greater deformation compared to the non-slip periods,dominated by northwest-southeast extension and southwest-northeast compression.Spatiotemporal analysis reveals a strong correlation between seismic frequency and strain rate during the SSEs,with time correlation coefficients of 0.85,0.88,and 0.9.Although larger accumulated strain results in stronger strain release during the latter two SSEs,not all strain is fully released,suggesting that earthquake swarms accompanying the SSEs may contribute to the partial release of unreleased strain.This study,through the analysis of GNSS data,evaluates the spatiotemporal distribution of strain fields during periodic SSEs,contributing to further research on strain accumulation and release,and aiding in the analysis of this regional seismic activity.展开更多
Various slow slip events(SSEs)with distinct characteristics have been detected globally,particularly in regions with dense Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNSS)networks.In the Hikurangi subduction zone of New Zeal...Various slow slip events(SSEs)with distinct characteristics have been detected globally,particularly in regions with dense Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNSS)networks.In the Hikurangi subduction zone of New Zealand,SSEs frequently occur alongside seismic activity,especially in the Manawatu and Kapiti regions.This study analyzes the 2021-2023 Kapiti-Manawatu long-term SSE using daily displacement data(2019-2023)from 53 GPS stations.The network inversion filter(NIF)method is applied to extract slow slip signals,revealing spatial migration with alternating slip between Kapiti and Manawatu,characterized by distinct phases of acceleration and deceleration.Manawatu exhibits higher slip rates,exceeding 4 cm/month,with greater cumulative slip and surface displacement than Kapiti.A moderate temporal correlation(coefficient 0.59)between seismic activity in the region and slip acceleration in Manawatu suggests that seismic events may contribute to the slip,while no significant correlation is observed in Kapiti.展开更多
Conventional pit excavation engineering methods often struggle to manage the complex deformation patterns associated with asymmetric excavations,resulting in significant safety risks and increased project costs.These ...Conventional pit excavation engineering methods often struggle to manage the complex deformation patterns associated with asymmetric excavations,resulting in significant safety risks and increased project costs.These challenges highlight the need for more precise and efficient design methodologies to ensure structural stability and economic feasibility.This research proposes an innovative automatic optimization inverse design method(AOIDM)that integrates an enhanced genetic algorithm(EGA)with a multiobjective optimization model.By combining advanced computational techniques with engineering principles,this approach improves search efficiency by 30%and enhances deformation control accuracy by 25%.Additionally,the approach exhibits potential for reducing carbon emissions to align with sustainable engineering goals.The effectiveness of this approach was validated through comprehensive data analysis and practical case studies,demonstrating its ability to optimize retaining structure designs under complex asymmetric loading conditions.This research establishes a new standard for precision and efficiency in automated excavation design,with accompanying improvements in safety and cost-effectiveness.Furthermore,it lays the foundation for future geotechnical engineering advancements,offering a robust solution to one of the most challenging aspects of modern excavation projects.展开更多
The photoperiod/thermo-sensitive genic male sterility(P/TGMS)system is crucial for hybrid rice production,but challenges persist in seed purity(due to fertility conversion and mixed male seeds)and mechanization.Here,w...The photoperiod/thermo-sensitive genic male sterility(P/TGMS)system is crucial for hybrid rice production,but challenges persist in seed purity(due to fertility conversion and mixed male seeds)and mechanization.Here,we developed a novel hybrid seed production scheme using herbicide-resistance alleles(OsALS and CYP81A6).P/TGMS lines were bred for imazamox sensitivity and bentazon resistance,while male parents were engineered for the opposite traits.This system enables mechanical harvesting and ensures hybrid purity by eliminating self-pollinated contaminants through herbicide application.We identified suitable sterile lines and developed complementary male parents via breeding and CRISPR/Cas9 editing,validated through herbicide assays.This strategy enhances hybrid seed purity and mechanization efficiency in two-line hybrid rice production.展开更多
文摘Objectives:Walking sports,whereby traditional disciplines of sport modify gameplay by limiting physical activity to walking only,may offer benefits for physical activity engagement and subjective wellbeing outcomes in older adults.Questionnaires were used to collect physical activity and health related data from a cross section of older South Australian walking sports participants(n=56),which was compared to a population-based sample of their peers(n=1817)to explore these potential benefits.Methods:Ordinal logistic regression and linear regression were used for between-group comparisons across three subgroups of participants,who reported engaging in:(1)walking sports,(2)traditional sports,and(3)no sport.All analyses were adjusted for age,marital status,education and employment status.Results:Compared to walking sports participants,those who did not participate in sports were more than twice as likely to report poorer self-rated health.Walking sports and traditional sports participants reported meeting the minimum weekly physical activity requirements.No significant differences in subjective wellbeing were found between the three participant subgroups.Conclusions:Older adults who participated in walking sports had significantly higher self-rated health and physical activity levels,than those not involved in sports.Therefore,sport organisations should consider offering walking sports programs to engage older adults who face barriers to engaging in traditional sports,supporting their continued involvement in physical activity.
基金supported inpart by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No. 12371088)the Innovative Research Group Project of Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Provinceof China (Grant No. 2024JJ1008)in part by the Australian Research Council (ARC) through the Discovery Projects scheme (Grant No. DP220100580)。
文摘Accurately modeling real network dynamics is a grand challenge in network science.The network dynamics arise from node interactions,which are shaped by network topology.Real networks tend to exhibit compact or highly optimized topologies.But the key problems arise:how to compress a network to best enhance its compactness,and what the compression limit of the network reflects?We abstract the topological compression of complex networks as a dynamic process of making them more compact and propose the local compression modulus that plays a key role in effective compression evolution of networks.Subsequently,we identify topological compressibility-a general property of complex networks that characterizes the extent to which a network can be compressed-and provide its approximate quantification.We anticipate that our findings and established theory will provide valuable insights into both dynamics and various applications of complex networks.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41704031,42374040)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Science and Technology Department(20232BAB203073)the Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Monitoring and Improving around Poyang Lake,Ministry of Natural Resources(MEMI-2021-2022-29).
文摘The March 11,2011,MW9.0 Tohoku-Oki earthquake,in Japan,caused rapid strain release near the epicenter,while the Boso Peninsula,located farther away,experienced stress redistribution,leading to changes in the recurrence interval of slow slip events(SSEs)and regional strain.This study focuses on three detected post-2011 Boso SSEs,utilizing a segmented model displacement time series measured by Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)to calculate velocity and strain rate fields for eight periods before,during,and after the SSEs.Results show that the 2011 earthquake and the three SSEs significantly alter the velocity field in the Boso region,with SSE velocities predominantly oriented southeast,reaching maximum values of 26.9 cm/a,10.6 cm/a,and 38.5 cm/adnearly opposite to non-SSE periods.After the third SSE,the velocity field nearly returns to its pre-earthquake state,with a maximum of 1.8 cm/a.The maximum shear strain rates during the three SSEs are 25.88×10^(-7) a^(-1),11.38×10^(-7) a^(-1),and 29.02×10^(-7) a^(-1)(i.e.,per annum),significantly higher than those during non-slow slip periods,with principal strain rates following a similar pattern.The spatial distribution of strain rates during the SSEs indicates greater deformation compared to the non-slip periods,dominated by northwest-southeast extension and southwest-northeast compression.Spatiotemporal analysis reveals a strong correlation between seismic frequency and strain rate during the SSEs,with time correlation coefficients of 0.85,0.88,and 0.9.Although larger accumulated strain results in stronger strain release during the latter two SSEs,not all strain is fully released,suggesting that earthquake swarms accompanying the SSEs may contribute to the partial release of unreleased strain.This study,through the analysis of GNSS data,evaluates the spatiotemporal distribution of strain fields during periodic SSEs,contributing to further research on strain accumulation and release,and aiding in the analysis of this regional seismic activity.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41704031,42374040)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Science and Technology Department(20232BAB203073)the Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Monitoring and Improving around Poyang Lake,Ministry of Natural Resources(MEMI-2021-2022-29).
文摘Various slow slip events(SSEs)with distinct characteristics have been detected globally,particularly in regions with dense Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNSS)networks.In the Hikurangi subduction zone of New Zealand,SSEs frequently occur alongside seismic activity,especially in the Manawatu and Kapiti regions.This study analyzes the 2021-2023 Kapiti-Manawatu long-term SSE using daily displacement data(2019-2023)from 53 GPS stations.The network inversion filter(NIF)method is applied to extract slow slip signals,revealing spatial migration with alternating slip between Kapiti and Manawatu,characterized by distinct phases of acceleration and deceleration.Manawatu exhibits higher slip rates,exceeding 4 cm/month,with greater cumulative slip and surface displacement than Kapiti.A moderate temporal correlation(coefficient 0.59)between seismic activity in the region and slip acceleration in Manawatu suggests that seismic events may contribute to the slip,while no significant correlation is observed in Kapiti.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2023YFC3009400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52238009 and 52208344).
文摘Conventional pit excavation engineering methods often struggle to manage the complex deformation patterns associated with asymmetric excavations,resulting in significant safety risks and increased project costs.These challenges highlight the need for more precise and efficient design methodologies to ensure structural stability and economic feasibility.This research proposes an innovative automatic optimization inverse design method(AOIDM)that integrates an enhanced genetic algorithm(EGA)with a multiobjective optimization model.By combining advanced computational techniques with engineering principles,this approach improves search efficiency by 30%and enhances deformation control accuracy by 25%.Additionally,the approach exhibits potential for reducing carbon emissions to align with sustainable engineering goals.The effectiveness of this approach was validated through comprehensive data analysis and practical case studies,demonstrating its ability to optimize retaining structure designs under complex asymmetric loading conditions.This research establishes a new standard for precision and efficiency in automated excavation design,with accompanying improvements in safety and cost-effectiveness.Furthermore,it lays the foundation for future geotechnical engineering advancements,offering a robust solution to one of the most challenging aspects of modern excavation projects.
基金supported by the Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory,China(Grant No.ZSBBL-KY2023-07)the Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund,China(Grant No.CX(22)3138)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32101736,32002124)the Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program,China(Grant No.BE2021360-2).
文摘The photoperiod/thermo-sensitive genic male sterility(P/TGMS)system is crucial for hybrid rice production,but challenges persist in seed purity(due to fertility conversion and mixed male seeds)and mechanization.Here,we developed a novel hybrid seed production scheme using herbicide-resistance alleles(OsALS and CYP81A6).P/TGMS lines were bred for imazamox sensitivity and bentazon resistance,while male parents were engineered for the opposite traits.This system enables mechanical harvesting and ensures hybrid purity by eliminating self-pollinated contaminants through herbicide application.We identified suitable sterile lines and developed complementary male parents via breeding and CRISPR/Cas9 editing,validated through herbicide assays.This strategy enhances hybrid seed purity and mechanization efficiency in two-line hybrid rice production.
