With the development of location technologies, advanced LBS-based ITS increasingly requires the capability of database technologies to manage the continuously arrived vehicles’ location, traffic jam and other interre...With the development of location technologies, advanced LBS-based ITS increasingly requires the capability of database technologies to manage the continuously arrived vehicles’ location, traffic jam and other interrelated information of large amounts of traffic in the following years. And some burst arrival stream data will challenge the real-time performance and the allocation of limited resource. However, choosing a desirable database operator scheduling strategy can significantly improve the performance of the system. The path capability strategy was chosen and improved as ITS’ operator scheduling strategy to meet the real-time response and the minimal memory requirement of the system.展开更多
Mazu, a protective sea God, has been worshipped by residents of Taiwan and southeast coast of China's Mainland as well as overseas Chinese around the globe for hundreds of years. The number of people around the wo...Mazu, a protective sea God, has been worshipped by residents of Taiwan and southeast coast of China's Mainland as well as overseas Chinese around the globe for hundreds of years. The number of people around the world under her influence of religious belief and moral culture can reach up hundreds of million. Every year in lunar March, the over- one-week long Mazu patrol and pilgrimage held by Jenn Lann Temple in Dajia County of Taiwan attracts millions of pilgrims and tourists around the world to participate in one of the biggest religious events in the world. To keep track of the entire patrol and pilgrimage, Jenn Lann Temple has been cooperating with GIS Research Center, Feng-Chia University since 2008, setting up a GPS receiver, a digital camera, and 4 video recorders on Mazu’s palanquin. Both real-time position of the palanquin and live videos on the scene along the way of pilgrimage were published on the Internet, providing pilgrims, tourists and viewers around the world with an open access to observe the entire event. This paper details this initiative of introducing spatial technology to large cultural events. The study collects the historic tracks of Mazu’s palanquin during the pilgrimage from 2008 to 2010, analyzes their spatial-temporal attributes, and elicits several interesting facts behind the figures and maps. It also explores how spatial technologies can help organize large-scale events and even accelerate the dissemination of culture.展开更多
Advances in mobile devices, sensors and wireless networks have motivated the development of location based services(LBS) applications. However, most of the positioning methods specifically designed for either indoor o...Advances in mobile devices, sensors and wireless networks have motivated the development of location based services(LBS) applications. However, most of the positioning methods specifically designed for either indoor or outdoor and their accuracy and precision differs greatly, so it’s difficult using only one positioning method to meet all people’s demands. This paper proposes a new architecture for ubiquitous location based services in TD-SCDMA. In this architecture the proper positioning methods are determined by the uses’ surroundings and the demands of accuracy and precision, and the problem that the user’s environments change has been also resolved commendably. And this architecture solves the problem that environment changes while positioning. The simulation shows that everyone can use the location based services anywhere and anytime with the mobile terminal through this architecture.展开更多
A method for efficiently transmitting location assistance information to an MS (mobile station) over a control channel with minimal impact on the capacity of the control channel. A location server provides a differenc...A method for efficiently transmitting location assistance information to an MS (mobile station) over a control channel with minimal impact on the capacity of the control channel. A location server provides a difference between satellite positions that have been computed using Almanac data and Ephemeris data. Sending only the difference between the positions and satellite clock corrections computed using the two different data types. The total amount of information to be transmitted to a MS is significantly reduced. Furthermore, by providing rate of change information, the method allows the location assistance information to remain valid for a relatively long time after it has been received by the MS.展开更多
Digital city, a large complex system, is comprised many subsystem of different fields. It involves common field data, flexible field processes, seamless intra-organization and inter-organization collaborations, and in...Digital city, a large complex system, is comprised many subsystem of different fields. It involves common field data, flexible field processes, seamless intra-organization and inter-organization collaborations, and increasing connectivity and interoperability between distributed or decentralized systems. All above these are involved Foundation Data of Digital city. To promote the sustainable development of Digital City, this paper investigates to the construction of Foundation Data Platform (FDP) from the view of the architecture. The paper introduces the conceptions, characteristics and underlying problems of the FDP, and discusses the key issues of the architecture paradigms what FDP might adopted via comparing Object-Oriented Architecture (OOA), Component-Based Architecture (CBA), and Service-based Architecture (SBA). The Process Embedded Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA), one of the recent SOA Application Architecture is introduced. The results indicate that the Process Embedded SOA could promote the sustainable development of Digital City and accommodate the dynamic development environments of different fields which constantly changes requirements.展开更多
In decision support system for spatial site selection, the fuzzy synthetic evaluation is a useful way. However, the method can’t pay attention to the randomness in factors. To remedy the problem, this paper proposes ...In decision support system for spatial site selection, the fuzzy synthetic evaluation is a useful way. However, the method can’t pay attention to the randomness in factors. To remedy the problem, this paper proposes a clouded-base fuzzy approach which combines advantages of cloud transform and fuzzy synthetic evaluation. The cloud transform considers the randomness in the factors and product the higher concept layer for data mining. At the same time, the check mechanism controls the quality of partitions in factors. Then the fuzzy approach was used to get final evaluation value with randomness and fuzziness. It make the final result is optimization. Finally, performance evaluations show that this approach spent less runtime and got more accuracy than the fuzzy synthetic. The experiments prove that the proposed method is faster and more accuracy than the original method.展开更多
Under the framework of developing resilient and livable cities, this study was aimed at engaging local communities to achieve the goal of public participation. Given the prevalence of smart mobile devices, an interact...Under the framework of developing resilient and livable cities, this study was aimed at engaging local communities to achieve the goal of public participation. Given the prevalence of smart mobile devices, an interactive app called ＂Citizen Probe＂ was designed to guide users to participate in building resilient and livable urban spaces by enabling users to report the condition of their living environment. The app collects feedback from users regarding the perceived condition of the urban environment, and this information is used to further develop an open online index system. The index system serves as a guide for the public to actively transform their city into a resilient and livable urban environment. The app was designed for the reporting of flood incidents with the objective of resilient disaster prevention, which can be achieved by enabling users to identify disaster conditions in order to develop a database for basic disaster information. The database can be used in the prevention and mitigation of disasters and to provide a foundation for developing indices for assessing the resilience and livability of urban areas. Three communities in Taichung, Taiwan, participated in the study. Residents of these communities were requested to use the app and identify local environmental conditions to obtain spatial data according to four stages in disaster response： assessment, readiness, response, and recovery. A volunteered geographic information database was developed to display maps for providing users with current reports ofpredisaster risk assessment, disaster response capacity, real-time disaster conditions, and overall disaster recovery. In addition, the database can be used as a useful tool for researchers to conduct GIS analyses and initiate related discussions. The interactive appraises public awareness on disaster prevention and makes disaster prevention a daily norm. Further discussion between the public and experts will be initiated to assist in policy management pertaining to the ongoing development of cities in addition to improving disaster prevention and response measures.展开更多
The rapid rise in lake surface water temperature(LSWT)over the past few decades has become a global concern.Research on the spatial heterogeneity of lake warming and its mechanistic drivers is a key challenge.Studies ...The rapid rise in lake surface water temperature(LSWT)over the past few decades has become a global concern.Research on the spatial heterogeneity of lake warming and its mechanistic drivers is a key challenge.Studies have shown that urbanization induced impermeable surface expansion can lead to the warming of inland waters,however,large scale studies are limited,and the driving mechanisms remain unexplored.To address this knowledge gap,we analyzed the thermal characteristics of 587 major lakes across China and found significant regional differences in LSWT trends.Specifically,LSWT increased in highly urbanized and densely populated regions(0.19±0.05℃10a^(-1))was 58.3%greater than in less urbanized regions(0.12±0.03℃10a^(-1))(P<0.05).Additionally,our findings indicate that the warming rate in urbanized lakes(0.16±0.05℃10a^(-1))is 33.3%higher than in non-urbanized lakes(0.12±0.03℃10a^(-1))(P<0.05).Moreover,urbanized lakes with high urbanization intensity(UI)(0.21±0.04℃10a^(-1))have warmed 31.3%faster than those with low UI(0.16±0.05℃10a^(-1))(P<0.05).An importance assessment suggested that urbanization modified the impact of air temperature(AAT=32.0%),precipitation(AP=-14.9%),and evapotranspiration(ΔET=-13.4%)on LSWT warming.Under the combined influences of urbanization and future climate change,lake surface waters are expected to warm further.These findings offer valuable insights for assessing LSWT trends,particularly in regions experiencing both urban expansion and changing climate conditions.展开更多
With the development of wireless communications and positioning technologies, tracking the positions of moving objects has increased necessary. This paper proposes a Cache-Conscious TPR -Link tree called CTPR Link tre...With the development of wireless communications and positioning technologies, tracking the positions of moving objects has increased necessary. This paper proposes a Cache-Conscious TPR -Link tree called CTPR Link tree which store in main memory. To satisfy continuous movement, the QRMBR definition is modified. The compression leads to the reduction of the tree height, which improves the cache behavior of the index and reduces the memory access time. In order to achieve high concurrency control, optimistic dynamic versioning and sibling-link scheme is presented, which not only enable read-only transactions not to fail with latch-free but also reduce cache misses during index updates.展开更多
Water temperature is a critical indicator and weathervane of aquatic ecosystems.However,the vast majority of rivers lack long-term continuous and complete water temperature datasets.In this study,ensemble models by co...Water temperature is a critical indicator and weathervane of aquatic ecosystems.However,the vast majority of rivers lack long-term continuous and complete water temperature datasets.In this study,ensemble models by combining NARX(nonlinear autoregressive network with exogenous inputs)and air2stream were used to reconstruct daily river water temperatures for 27 hydrological stations in the Odra River Basin,one of the largest river systems in Europe.For each hydrological station,both the NARX and air2stream models were calibrated and validated,and the better-performed model was selected to reconstruct daily river water temperatures from 1985 to 2022.The results showed that hybrid modeling by combining NARX and air2stream is promising for reconstructing daily river water temperatures.Based on the reconstructed dataset,annual and seasonal trends of water temperature and characteristics of river heatwaves were evaluated.The results indicated that annual river water temperatures showed a consistent warming trend over the past 40 years with an average warming rate of 0.315C/decade.Seasonal river water temperatures indicated that summer warms faster,followed by autumn and spring,and winter river water temperatures showed an insignificant warming trend.River heatwaves are increased in frequency,duration,and intensity in the Odra River Basin,and 6 out of 27 hydrological stations have river heatwaves categorized as‘severe’and‘extreme’,suggesting that mitigation measures are needed to reduce the impact of climate warming on aquatic systems.Moreover,results showed that air temperature is the major controller of river heatwaves,and river heatwaves tend to intensify with the warming of air temperatures.展开更多
基金This work is supported by the MIC ( Ministry of Information and Communication) , Korea ,under the ITRC(Information Technology Research Center) support program supervised by the IITA (Institute of Information Technology Assess-ment) .
文摘With the development of location technologies, advanced LBS-based ITS increasingly requires the capability of database technologies to manage the continuously arrived vehicles’ location, traffic jam and other interrelated information of large amounts of traffic in the following years. And some burst arrival stream data will challenge the real-time performance and the allocation of limited resource. However, choosing a desirable database operator scheduling strategy can significantly improve the performance of the system. The path capability strategy was chosen and improved as ITS’ operator scheduling strategy to meet the real-time response and the minimal memory requirement of the system.
文摘Mazu, a protective sea God, has been worshipped by residents of Taiwan and southeast coast of China's Mainland as well as overseas Chinese around the globe for hundreds of years. The number of people around the world under her influence of religious belief and moral culture can reach up hundreds of million. Every year in lunar March, the over- one-week long Mazu patrol and pilgrimage held by Jenn Lann Temple in Dajia County of Taiwan attracts millions of pilgrims and tourists around the world to participate in one of the biggest religious events in the world. To keep track of the entire patrol and pilgrimage, Jenn Lann Temple has been cooperating with GIS Research Center, Feng-Chia University since 2008, setting up a GPS receiver, a digital camera, and 4 video recorders on Mazu’s palanquin. Both real-time position of the palanquin and live videos on the scene along the way of pilgrimage were published on the Internet, providing pilgrims, tourists and viewers around the world with an open access to observe the entire event. This paper details this initiative of introducing spatial technology to large cultural events. The study collects the historic tracks of Mazu’s palanquin during the pilgrimage from 2008 to 2010, analyzes their spatial-temporal attributes, and elicits several interesting facts behind the figures and maps. It also explores how spatial technologies can help organize large-scale events and even accelerate the dissemination of culture.
基金This work is supported by the MIC ( Ministry of Information and Communication) , Korea ,under the ITRC(Information Technology Research Center) support program supervised by the IITA (Institute of Information Technology Assess-ment) the National High Technology Development 863 Program of China under Grant No.2005AA123730 +1 种基金the research project of education science and technology in Chongqing(No.KJ060516)the initial funding research project for PhDs in Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications .
文摘Advances in mobile devices, sensors and wireless networks have motivated the development of location based services(LBS) applications. However, most of the positioning methods specifically designed for either indoor or outdoor and their accuracy and precision differs greatly, so it’s difficult using only one positioning method to meet all people’s demands. This paper proposes a new architecture for ubiquitous location based services in TD-SCDMA. In this architecture the proper positioning methods are determined by the uses’ surroundings and the demands of accuracy and precision, and the problem that the user’s environments change has been also resolved commendably. And this architecture solves the problem that environment changes while positioning. The simulation shows that everyone can use the location based services anywhere and anytime with the mobile terminal through this architecture.
文摘A method for efficiently transmitting location assistance information to an MS (mobile station) over a control channel with minimal impact on the capacity of the control channel. A location server provides a difference between satellite positions that have been computed using Almanac data and Ephemeris data. Sending only the difference between the positions and satellite clock corrections computed using the two different data types. The total amount of information to be transmitted to a MS is significantly reduced. Furthermore, by providing rate of change information, the method allows the location assistance information to remain valid for a relatively long time after it has been received by the MS.
基金This work is supported by the MIC ( Ministry of Information and Communication) , Korea ,under the ITRC (Information Technology Research Center) support program supervised by the IITA(Institute of Information Technolo-gy Assessment)
文摘Digital city, a large complex system, is comprised many subsystem of different fields. It involves common field data, flexible field processes, seamless intra-organization and inter-organization collaborations, and increasing connectivity and interoperability between distributed or decentralized systems. All above these are involved Foundation Data of Digital city. To promote the sustainable development of Digital City, this paper investigates to the construction of Foundation Data Platform (FDP) from the view of the architecture. The paper introduces the conceptions, characteristics and underlying problems of the FDP, and discusses the key issues of the architecture paradigms what FDP might adopted via comparing Object-Oriented Architecture (OOA), Component-Based Architecture (CBA), and Service-based Architecture (SBA). The Process Embedded Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA), one of the recent SOA Application Architecture is introduced. The results indicate that the Process Embedded SOA could promote the sustainable development of Digital City and accommodate the dynamic development environments of different fields which constantly changes requirements.
基金This research is supported by the MIC ( Ministry of Information and Communication) , Korea ,underthe ITRC(Information Technology Research Center) support program supervised by the IITA(Institute of Information Tech-nology Assessment)
文摘In decision support system for spatial site selection, the fuzzy synthetic evaluation is a useful way. However, the method can’t pay attention to the randomness in factors. To remedy the problem, this paper proposes a clouded-base fuzzy approach which combines advantages of cloud transform and fuzzy synthetic evaluation. The cloud transform considers the randomness in the factors and product the higher concept layer for data mining. At the same time, the check mechanism controls the quality of partitions in factors. Then the fuzzy approach was used to get final evaluation value with randomness and fuzziness. It make the final result is optimization. Finally, performance evaluations show that this approach spent less runtime and got more accuracy than the fuzzy synthetic. The experiments prove that the proposed method is faster and more accuracy than the original method.
文摘Under the framework of developing resilient and livable cities, this study was aimed at engaging local communities to achieve the goal of public participation. Given the prevalence of smart mobile devices, an interactive app called ＂Citizen Probe＂ was designed to guide users to participate in building resilient and livable urban spaces by enabling users to report the condition of their living environment. The app collects feedback from users regarding the perceived condition of the urban environment, and this information is used to further develop an open online index system. The index system serves as a guide for the public to actively transform their city into a resilient and livable urban environment. The app was designed for the reporting of flood incidents with the objective of resilient disaster prevention, which can be achieved by enabling users to identify disaster conditions in order to develop a database for basic disaster information. The database can be used in the prevention and mitigation of disasters and to provide a foundation for developing indices for assessing the resilience and livability of urban areas. Three communities in Taichung, Taiwan, participated in the study. Residents of these communities were requested to use the app and identify local environmental conditions to obtain spatial data according to four stages in disaster response： assessment, readiness, response, and recovery. A volunteered geographic information database was developed to display maps for providing users with current reports ofpredisaster risk assessment, disaster response capacity, real-time disaster conditions, and overall disaster recovery. In addition, the database can be used as a useful tool for researchers to conduct GIS analyses and initiate related discussions. The interactive appraises public awareness on disaster prevention and makes disaster prevention a daily norm. Further discussion between the public and experts will be initiated to assist in policy management pertaining to the ongoing development of cities in addition to improving disaster prevention and response measures.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42271441and 42401572)the Yunnan Province Innovation Team Project(202305AS350003)+1 种基金UKRI Natural Environment Research Council(NERC)Independent Research Fellowship(NE/T011246/1)the Scientific Research Fund Project of Yunnan Provincial Education Department(2024Y171)。
文摘The rapid rise in lake surface water temperature(LSWT)over the past few decades has become a global concern.Research on the spatial heterogeneity of lake warming and its mechanistic drivers is a key challenge.Studies have shown that urbanization induced impermeable surface expansion can lead to the warming of inland waters,however,large scale studies are limited,and the driving mechanisms remain unexplored.To address this knowledge gap,we analyzed the thermal characteristics of 587 major lakes across China and found significant regional differences in LSWT trends.Specifically,LSWT increased in highly urbanized and densely populated regions(0.19±0.05℃10a^(-1))was 58.3%greater than in less urbanized regions(0.12±0.03℃10a^(-1))(P<0.05).Additionally,our findings indicate that the warming rate in urbanized lakes(0.16±0.05℃10a^(-1))is 33.3%higher than in non-urbanized lakes(0.12±0.03℃10a^(-1))(P<0.05).Moreover,urbanized lakes with high urbanization intensity(UI)(0.21±0.04℃10a^(-1))have warmed 31.3%faster than those with low UI(0.16±0.05℃10a^(-1))(P<0.05).An importance assessment suggested that urbanization modified the impact of air temperature(AAT=32.0%),precipitation(AP=-14.9%),and evapotranspiration(ΔET=-13.4%)on LSWT warming.Under the combined influences of urbanization and future climate change,lake surface waters are expected to warm further.These findings offer valuable insights for assessing LSWT trends,particularly in regions experiencing both urban expansion and changing climate conditions.
基金This workis supported by Ministry of Information and Communication( MIC) Korea,under the Information Technology Research Center(ITRC) +1 种基金sup-port programsupervised by the Institute of Informationtechnology Assessment(IITA) Sino-Korea GIS Research Center ,China.
文摘With the development of wireless communications and positioning technologies, tracking the positions of moving objects has increased necessary. This paper proposes a Cache-Conscious TPR -Link tree called CTPR Link tree which store in main memory. To satisfy continuous movement, the QRMBR definition is modified. The compression leads to the reduction of the tree height, which improves the cache behavior of the index and reduces the memory access time. In order to achieve high concurrency control, optimistic dynamic versioning and sibling-link scheme is presented, which not only enable read-only transactions not to fail with latch-free but also reduce cache misses during index updates.
基金the National Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42401572)Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(Grant No.22KJB170023)Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(No.KYCX24_3758).
文摘Water temperature is a critical indicator and weathervane of aquatic ecosystems.However,the vast majority of rivers lack long-term continuous and complete water temperature datasets.In this study,ensemble models by combining NARX(nonlinear autoregressive network with exogenous inputs)and air2stream were used to reconstruct daily river water temperatures for 27 hydrological stations in the Odra River Basin,one of the largest river systems in Europe.For each hydrological station,both the NARX and air2stream models were calibrated and validated,and the better-performed model was selected to reconstruct daily river water temperatures from 1985 to 2022.The results showed that hybrid modeling by combining NARX and air2stream is promising for reconstructing daily river water temperatures.Based on the reconstructed dataset,annual and seasonal trends of water temperature and characteristics of river heatwaves were evaluated.The results indicated that annual river water temperatures showed a consistent warming trend over the past 40 years with an average warming rate of 0.315C/decade.Seasonal river water temperatures indicated that summer warms faster,followed by autumn and spring,and winter river water temperatures showed an insignificant warming trend.River heatwaves are increased in frequency,duration,and intensity in the Odra River Basin,and 6 out of 27 hydrological stations have river heatwaves categorized as‘severe’and‘extreme’,suggesting that mitigation measures are needed to reduce the impact of climate warming on aquatic systems.Moreover,results showed that air temperature is the major controller of river heatwaves,and river heatwaves tend to intensify with the warming of air temperatures.
