Fifty agricultural soil samples collected from Fuzhou,southeast China,were first investigated for the occurrence,distribution,and potential risks of twelve organophosphate esters(OPEs).The total concentration of OPEs(...Fifty agricultural soil samples collected from Fuzhou,southeast China,were first investigated for the occurrence,distribution,and potential risks of twelve organophosphate esters(OPEs).The total concentration of OPEs(ΣOPEs)in soil ranged from 1.33 to 96.5 ng/g dry weight(dw),with an average value of 17.1 ng/g dw.Especially,halogenated-OPEs were the predominant group with amean level of 9.75 ng/g dw,and tris(1-chloro-2-propyl)phosphate(TCIPP)was the most abundant OPEs,accounting for 51.1%ofΣOPEs.The concentrations of TCIPP andΣOPEs were found to be significantly higher(P<0.05)in soils of urban areas than those in suburban areas.In addition,the use of agricultural plastic films and total organic carbon had a positive effect on the occurrence of OPE in this study.The positive matrix factorization model suggested complex sources of OPEs in agricultural soils from Fuzhou.The ecological risk assessment demonstrated that tricresyl phosphate presented a medium risk to land-based organisms(0.1≤risk quotient<1.0).Nevertheless,the carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic risks for human exposure to OPEs through soil ingestion and dermal absorption were negligible.These findings would facilitate further investigations into the pollution management and risk control of OPEs.展开更多
Under the influence of anthropogenic and climate change,the problems caused by urban heat island(UHI)has become increasingly prominent.In order to promote urban sustainable development and improve the quality of human...Under the influence of anthropogenic and climate change,the problems caused by urban heat island(UHI)has become increasingly prominent.In order to promote urban sustainable development and improve the quality of human settlements,it is significant for exploring the evolution characteristics of urban thermal environment and analyzing its driving forces.Taking the Landsat series images as the basic data sources,the winter land surface temperature(LST)of the rapid urbanization area of Fuzhou City in China was quantitatively retrieved from 2001 to 2021.Combing comprehensively the standard deviation ellipse model,profile analysis and GeoDetector model,the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors of the winter urban thermal environment were systematically analyzed.The results showed that the winter LST presented an increasing trend in the study area during 2001–2021,and the winter LST of the central urban regions was significantly higher than the suburbs.There was a strong UHI effect from 2001 to 2021with an expansion trend from the central urban regions to the suburbs and coastal areas in space scale.The LST of green lands and wetlands are significantly lower than croplands,artificial surface and unvegetated lands.Vegetation and water bodies had a significant mitigation effect on UHI,especially in the micro-scale.The winter UHI had been jointly driven by the underlying surface and socio-economic factors in a nonlinear or two-factor interactive enhancement mode,and socio-economic factors had played a leading role.This research could provide data support and decision-making references for rationally planning urban layout and promoting sustainable urban development.展开更多
Although accelerated urbanization has led to economic prosperity,it has also resulted in urban heat island effects.Therefore,identifying methods of using limited urban spaces to alleviate heat islands has become an ur...Although accelerated urbanization has led to economic prosperity,it has also resulted in urban heat island effects.Therefore,identifying methods of using limited urban spaces to alleviate heat islands has become an urgent issue.In this study,we assessed the spatiotemporal evolution of urban heat islands within the central urban area of Fuzhou City,China from 2010 to 2019.This assessment was based on a morphological spatial pattern analysis(MSPA)model and an urban thermal environment spatial network constructed us-ing the minimum cumulative resistance(MCR)model.Optimization measures for the spatial network were proposed to provide a theor-etical basis for alleviating urban heat islands.The results show that the heat island area within the study area gradually increased while that of urban cold island area gradually decreased.The core area was the largest of the urban heat island patch landscape elements with a significant impact on other landscape elements,and represented an important factor underlying urban heat island network stability.The thermal environment network revealed a total of 197 thermal environment corridors and 93 heat island sources.These locations were then optimized according to the current land use,which maximized the potential of 1599.83 ha.Optimization based on current land use led to an increase in climate resilience,with effective measures showing reduction in thermal environment spatial network structure and function,contributing to the mitigation of urban heat island.These findings support the use of current land use patterns during urban heat island mitigation measure planning,thus providing an important reference basis for alleviating urban heat island effects.展开更多
For data of atmospheric composition missing, fog and haze days were distinguished based on the standard of meteorological industry Observation and Forecasting Levels of Haze （QX/T113-2010） and four user-defined stan...For data of atmospheric composition missing, fog and haze days were distinguished based on the standard of meteorological industry Observation and Forecasting Levels of Haze （QX/T113-2010） and four user-defined standards, and using data of surface meteorological factors in Fuzhou City, China from 2005 to 2011, temporal distributions of fog and haze days were analyzed respectively to provide methods for fog and haze forecast. The results showed that there were 28.9 fog days and 89.7 haze days per year in Fuzhou. Both fog and haze days were variable, and there might be a day difference of twice to thrice among the years. They were the most in 2007, and then decreased in recent years. Both fog and haze days were more in winter and spring, accounted for 94.1% and 70.1% respectively, while in summer and autumn, they only accounted for 5.9% and 29.9% respectively. In a day, fog mainly occurred from night to early morning, while haze occurred mainly at about noon, which demonstrated that fog and haze are different synoptic phenomena. The mass concentration of PM2.5 in fog days was 34 μg/m^3, while it was 61 μg/m^3 in haze days, and in 22% of haze days it was larger than 75 μg/m3, which was above the national second-grade ambient air quality standard.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to explore the nutrient status of tobacco-planting soil, and find out the fertilization strategy for flue-cured tobacco. [Method] The nutrient contents in 142 soil samples from 7 tobacco planti...[Objective] The aim was to explore the nutrient status of tobacco-planting soil, and find out the fertilization strategy for flue-cured tobacco. [Method] The nutrient contents in 142 soil samples from 7 tobacco planting counties in Fu Zhou city were determined and evaluated. [Result] The organic matter content was on the high side, and most soil was acid soil. The soil had abundant total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium, moderate available nitrogen and available phosphorus, low available potassium, high water soluble chlorine, low soil cation exchange capacity and rich effective zinc, but effective boron was famine. [Conclusion] The meta-acid soil should be conducted with pH adjustment, and rational nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application.展开更多
It has been proven by a number of earthquake case studies that an active fault-induced earthquake beneath a city can be devastating. It is an urgent issue for seismic hazard reduction to explore the distribution of ac...It has been proven by a number of earthquake case studies that an active fault-induced earthquake beneath a city can be devastating. It is an urgent issue for seismic hazard reduction to explore the distribution of active faults beneath the urban area and identify the seismic source and the risks underneath. As a pilot project of active fault exploration in China, the project, entitled “Active fault exploration and seismic hazard assessment in Fuzhou City”, started in early 2001 and passed the check before acceptance of China Earthquake Administration in August 2004. The project was aimed to solve a series of scientific issues such as fault location, dating, movement nature, deep settings, seismic risk and hazard, preparedness of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction, and etc. by means of exploration and assessment of active faults by stages, i.e., the preliminary survey and identification of active faults in target area, the exploration of deep seismotectonic settings, the risk evaluation of active seismogenic faults, the construction of geographic information system of active faults, and so on. A lot of exploration methods were employed in the project such as the detection of absorbed mercury, free mercury and radon in soil, the geological radar, multi-channel DC electrical method, tsansient electromagnetic method, shallow seismic refraction and reflection, effect contrast of explored sources, and various sounding experiments, to establish the buried Quaternary standard section of the Fuzhou basin. By summing up, the above explorations and experiments have achieved the following results and conclusions ：展开更多
This paper introduces ENVISAT ASAR data application on rice field mapping in the Fuzhou area, using multi-temporal ASAR dual polarization data acquired in 2005. The procedure for ASAR data processing here includes dat...This paper introduces ENVISAT ASAR data application on rice field mapping in the Fuzhou area, using multi-temporal ASAR dual polarization data acquired in 2005. The procedure for ASAR data processing here includes data calibration, image registration, speckle reduction and conversion of data format from amplitude to dB for backscatter. The backscatter of rice increases with the rice growing stages, which was much different from other land covers. Based on image difference techniques, 6 schemes were designed with ASAR different temporal and polarization data for rice field mapping. Difference images between images in the early period of rice crop and growing or ripening period, are more suitable for rice extraction than those difference images between different polarizations in the same date. The most accurate result of late rice extraction was achieved based on the difference of HH polarization data acquired in October and August. Therefore, for rice field mapping, the temporal information is more important than polarization information. The data during the early growing season of rice is very important for high accuracy rice mapping.展开更多
Public signs, as a city's "name card", have attracted wide attention. However,inappropriate translation of public signs are ubiquitous with some even cause misunderstandings for international visitors. I...Public signs, as a city's "name card", have attracted wide attention. However,inappropriate translation of public signs are ubiquitous with some even cause misunderstandings for international visitors. In this paper, we first introduce the function of public signs, then through case analysis many problems are exposed and those errors bring a lot of inconvenience for foreigners who live and work in China.What's worse, to some extent, China's image and reputation will also be undermined.Finally, an appeal is made for a standardized translation of public signs and more research should be done and effective measures should be taken to improve the quality of the language environment and public signs translation.展开更多
Based on detailed logging of fourteen drill holes, combined with the results of other researchers, the preliminary summarization on sedimentary characteristics of the late Pleistocene of the Fuzhou basin is done. The ...Based on detailed logging of fourteen drill holes, combined with the results of other researchers, the preliminary summarization on sedimentary characteristics of the late Pleistocene of the Fuzhou basin is done. The deposition of Fuzhou basin began from about 56.5ka BP and the sediments are composed of gravel, sand, clay and silt, which show a depositional sequence with granularity becoming smaller from the lower to the upper and a big lateral variation of lithology. There are three silt layers in late Quaternary strata of Fuzhou basin. The first and second layers were developed during the middle and late Holocene, the deposition time is about 7.86ka BP to 1.44 ka BP and they are the results of ＂Changle Transgression＂. The third was developed during the late of late Pleistocene and the deposition time is from 44ka BP to 20ka BP and it is the result of ＂Fuzhou Transgression＂. The buried late Quaternary sediments in Fuzhou basin can be divided into upper Pleistocene series and Holocene series, which include four formations from old to new. They are the Longhai formation （ Q3p 1）, Dongshan formation （Qhd）, Changle formation （Qhc） and Jiangtian formation （Qhj）, respectively. The Longhai formation can be divided into three members and belongs to the Pleistocene series, other three formations belong to the Holocene series.展开更多
This paper principally focuses on land use dynamics,urban expansion and underlying driving forces in the Natural Wetland Distribution Area(NWDA)of Fuzhou City in the southeastern China.Based on time series Landsat TM/...This paper principally focuses on land use dynamics,urban expansion and underlying driving forces in the Natural Wetland Distribution Area(NWDA)of Fuzhou City in the southeastern China.Based on time series Landsat TM/ETM+imageries and historical data,relationships between urban land expansion and its influencing factors from 1989 to 2009 were analyzed by using an integrated approach of remote sensing(RS)and geographic information system(GIS)techniques.The results showed that built-up land increased from 151.16 km2in 1989 to 383.76 km 2in 2009. Approximately 64.25%of the newly emerging built-up land was converted from cropland(29.47%),forest and shrub (25.78%),water(3.73%),wetland(4.61%),and bare land(0.66%)during 1989 and 2009.With a remarkable decrease in cropland,the proportion of non-agricultural population increased by 23.6%.Moreover,rapid development of infrastructures,facilities,industrial parks,and urban and rural settlements along the Minjiang River resulted in the eastward and southward expansion of built-up land.Additionally,the growth pattern of built-up land in the NWDA is highly correlated with socio-economic factors,including the gross domestic product(GDP),GDP per capita,and structure of industry.As a result,the observed environmental degradation such as loss of cropland and wetland due to heavy pressure of rapid urbanization have greatly impaired the carrying capacity of city.Thus,in addition to scientific and rational policies towards minimizing the adverse effects of urbanization,coordination between the administrative agencies should be urgently strengthened to balance the conflicts between urban development and ecological conservation to make sure the sustainable land use.展开更多
Based on data of PM2.5 hourly concentration and HYSPLIT model backward trajectory in coastal cities of Fujian Province during January 25 -26, 2014, a typical regional pollution process affecting Fujian from the north ...Based on data of PM2.5 hourly concentration and HYSPLIT model backward trajectory in coastal cities of Fujian Province during January 25 -26, 2014, a typical regional pollution process affecting Fujian from the north to the south and the east to the west on January 26 was investiga- ted. Taking Fuzhou as an example, based on weather situation on the ground and at high altitudes as well as corresponding meteorological data such as wind direction, wind velocity, and visibility, the changes of meteorological elements before, during and after the pollution were compared. Based on the V-3θ atmospheric vertical structure diagrams, the weather reasons for the generation, maintaining and dissipation of the pollution were discussed. The results indicated that the regional pollution was transported from the northeast to the southwest. The northeasterly air flow in front of the cold ridge strengthened and moved toward the east, so that the pollutant from the north affected Fujian form the north to the south and from the east to the west. As a result, there was a dramatic increase of pollutant concentration, rapid drop of visibility, and deterioration of air quality in the affected areas. The heavy pollution process featured high-speed transport and short-time generation. The air quality changed from good state to heavy pollution in just 3 -4 hours. The maximum of IAQIpM2.5 reached 280. The whole pollution process lasted for 14 hours. Solar radiation had been deeply affected by aerosol clouds, so that atmospheric stratification was extremely stable. Along with the eastward movement of cold high pressure into the sea, the dominant wind direction near the ground changed from the northeast to the east, so that the source of the pollutant was cut off , and air quality quickly turned well. The changes of atmospheric vertical structure indicated that the high inversion layer and clouds near 700 hPa kept lower air clean and blocked upper pollution transport. The later sudden increase of wind speed and strengthening of atmospheric mechanical turbu- lent destroyed inversion layer, so that the upper pollutants invaded air near the ground rapidly. During the period of high pollution, the isothermal layer (aerosol clouds) leaded to decrease of wind speed, and the atmosphere became more stable. The pollution ended until the wind field changed.展开更多
[Objective]The paper was to optimize the tobacco planting area in Fuzhou City and to prevent the outbreak of tobacco bacterial wilt in large area.[Method]At the end of 2017,soil samples were collected from plots plann...[Objective]The paper was to optimize the tobacco planting area in Fuzhou City and to prevent the outbreak of tobacco bacterial wilt in large area.[Method]At the end of 2017,soil samples were collected from plots planned to be planted with tobacco in the following year in Yihuang,Guangchang,Lichuan and Le’an counties.[Result]Among 352 plots,116 plots were infected by Ralstonia solanacearum,while 236 plots were free of the pathogen,and the infected plots accounted for 32.95% of total plots.Among them,75 plots exceeded the order of magnitudes of 103,accounting for 21.31% of total plots and 64.66% of infected plots.It is suggested that the plots with an order of magnitude above 103 should be pretreated with quicklime or purple soil,or conducted crop rotation,or seeds must be directly abandoned;the dosage of biocontrol agents should be increased in planting.The plots with an order of magnitude below 103 should be pretreated with quicklime or purple soil,and the dosage of biocontrol agents should be increased in planting.[Conclusion]The results provide reliable theoretical basis and data support for soil improvement and bacterial wilt control.展开更多
Green Infrastructure(GI)has garnered increasing attention from various regions due to its potential to mitigate urban heat island(UHI),which has been exacerbated by global climate change.This study focuses on the cent...Green Infrastructure(GI)has garnered increasing attention from various regions due to its potential to mitigate urban heat island(UHI),which has been exacerbated by global climate change.This study focuses on the central area of Fuzhou city,one of the“furnace”cities,and aims to explore the correlation between the GI pattern and land surface temperature(LST)in the spring and autumn seasons.The research adopts a multiscale approach,starting from the urban scale and using urban geographic spatial characteristics,multispectral remote sensing data,and morphological spatial pattern analysis(MSPA).Significant MSPA elements were tested and combined with LST to conduct a geographic weighted regression(GWR)experiment.The findings reveal that the UHI in the central area of Fuzhou city has a spatial characteristic of“high temperature in the middle and low temperature around,”which is coupled with a“central scattered and peripheral concentrated”distribution of GI.This suggests that remote sensing data can effectively be utilised for UHI inversion.Additionally,the study finds that the complexity of GI,whether from the perspective of the overall GI pattern or the classification study based on the proportion of the core area,has an impact on the alleviation of UHI in both seasons.In conclusion,this study underscores the importance of a reasonable layout of urban green infrastructure for mitigating UHI.展开更多
Minjiang River is the mother river of Fuzhou.The skyline views on both sides of the Minjiang River directly refl ect the characteristics of Fuzhou’s urban style.Compiling guidelines for the control of the skyline alo...Minjiang River is the mother river of Fuzhou.The skyline views on both sides of the Minjiang River directly refl ect the characteristics of Fuzhou’s urban style.Compiling guidelines for the control of the skyline along the Minjiang River will provide guidance measures for optimizing and enhancing the skyline landscape along the Minjiang River.From the fi ve elements of rhythm,permeability,visual centrality,sense of mountain display and layering,evaluation criteria are established for the skyline along the Minjiang River,and targeted guidance and optimization measures are constructed.展开更多
Taking the revitalization strategy in conservation and renewal of Shangxiahang historical and cultural district as an example,the paper analyzes the main problems at the present stage and the main contradictions with ...Taking the revitalization strategy in conservation and renewal of Shangxiahang historical and cultural district as an example,the paper analyzes the main problems at the present stage and the main contradictions with urban development,and puts forward the revitalization practice for conservation and renewal of Shangxiahang historical district by using related revitalization theory and planning principles.Furthermore,the contemporary practicality of Shangxiahang district is increased on the basis of protection,giving play to its contemporary charm.展开更多
In the landscape design, the green landscape is an indispensable landscape element, and the plant color is an important factor affecting the green landscape. The color matching and layout are inseparable from the rese...In the landscape design, the green landscape is an indispensable landscape element, and the plant color is an important factor affecting the green landscape. The color matching and layout are inseparable from the research on color art. Color art not only affects our vision, but also influences people's psychology and behavior through vision. In the following, Fuzhou will be used as an example to analyze the application of color art in the green landscape and the public experience.展开更多
The main epidemiological features such as basic reproduction number,effective reproduction number and sensitivity analysis were extensively discussed for multi-age groups SEIHR model in this study.Firstly,by using of ...The main epidemiological features such as basic reproduction number,effective reproduction number and sensitivity analysis were extensively discussed for multi-age groups SEIHR model in this study.Firstly,by using of the next generation matrix method,basic reproduction number R0 of the total population was estimated as 1.57 using parameter values of four age groups of Fuzhou COVID-19 large wave.Given age group k,the values of R_(0k)(age group k to age group k),the values of R_(o)^(k)(an infected of age group k to the total population)and the values of R_(o)^(k)>R_(0k)>R_(o)^(k)(an infected of the total population to age group k)were also estimated,in which the explorations of the impacts of age groups revealed that the relationship was valid.Then,the fluctuating tendencies of effective reproduction number Rt were demonstrated by using two approaches(the surveillance data and the SEIHR model)for Fuzhou COVID-19 large wave,during which high-risk group(G4 group)mainly contributed the infection scale due to high susceptibility to infection and high risks to basic diseases.Further,the sensitivity analysis using two approaches(the sensitivity index and the PRCC values)revealed that susceptibility to infection of age groups played the vital roles,while the numerical simulation showed that infection scale varied with the changes of social contacts of age groups.The results of this study claimed that the high-risk group out of the total population was concerned by the local government with the highest susceptibility to infection against COVID-19.Conclusions This study verified that the partition structure of age groups of the total population,the susceptibility to infection of age groups,the social contacts among age groups were the important contributors of infection scale.The less social contacts and adequate hospital beds for high-risk group were profitable to control the spread of COVID-19.To avoid the emergence of medical runs against new variant in the future,the policymakers from local government were suggested to decline social contacts when hospital beds were limited.展开更多
基金supported by the Open Fund of the Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes,Ministry of Education,Peking University,Beijing,China,and the Cultivation Fund Program for Excellent Dissertation in Fujian Normal University,China(No.LWPYS202315)the Research Start-up Fund of Fujian Normal University,China(No.Y0720304X13).
文摘Fifty agricultural soil samples collected from Fuzhou,southeast China,were first investigated for the occurrence,distribution,and potential risks of twelve organophosphate esters(OPEs).The total concentration of OPEs(ΣOPEs)in soil ranged from 1.33 to 96.5 ng/g dry weight(dw),with an average value of 17.1 ng/g dw.Especially,halogenated-OPEs were the predominant group with amean level of 9.75 ng/g dw,and tris(1-chloro-2-propyl)phosphate(TCIPP)was the most abundant OPEs,accounting for 51.1%ofΣOPEs.The concentrations of TCIPP andΣOPEs were found to be significantly higher(P<0.05)in soils of urban areas than those in suburban areas.In addition,the use of agricultural plastic films and total organic carbon had a positive effect on the occurrence of OPE in this study.The positive matrix factorization model suggested complex sources of OPEs in agricultural soils from Fuzhou.The ecological risk assessment demonstrated that tricresyl phosphate presented a medium risk to land-based organisms(0.1≤risk quotient<1.0).Nevertheless,the carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic risks for human exposure to OPEs through soil ingestion and dermal absorption were negligible.These findings would facilitate further investigations into the pollution management and risk control of OPEs.
基金Under the auspices of the Social Science and Humanity on Young Fund of the Ministry of Education of China(No.21YJCZH100)the Scientific Research Project on Outstanding Young of the Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(No.XJQ201920)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Innovation Special Fund Project of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(No.CXZX2021032)the Forestry Peak Discipline Construction Project of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(No.72202200205)。
文摘Under the influence of anthropogenic and climate change,the problems caused by urban heat island(UHI)has become increasingly prominent.In order to promote urban sustainable development and improve the quality of human settlements,it is significant for exploring the evolution characteristics of urban thermal environment and analyzing its driving forces.Taking the Landsat series images as the basic data sources,the winter land surface temperature(LST)of the rapid urbanization area of Fuzhou City in China was quantitatively retrieved from 2001 to 2021.Combing comprehensively the standard deviation ellipse model,profile analysis and GeoDetector model,the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors of the winter urban thermal environment were systematically analyzed.The results showed that the winter LST presented an increasing trend in the study area during 2001–2021,and the winter LST of the central urban regions was significantly higher than the suburbs.There was a strong UHI effect from 2001 to 2021with an expansion trend from the central urban regions to the suburbs and coastal areas in space scale.The LST of green lands and wetlands are significantly lower than croplands,artificial surface and unvegetated lands.Vegetation and water bodies had a significant mitigation effect on UHI,especially in the micro-scale.The winter UHI had been jointly driven by the underlying surface and socio-economic factors in a nonlinear or two-factor interactive enhancement mode,and socio-economic factors had played a leading role.This research could provide data support and decision-making references for rationally planning urban layout and promoting sustainable urban development.
基金Under the auspices of Special Funds for Education and Scientific Research of the Department of Finance(Min Cai Zhi[2022]No.840)Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Technology and Resource Optimization Construction Project(No.PTJH17014)。
文摘Although accelerated urbanization has led to economic prosperity,it has also resulted in urban heat island effects.Therefore,identifying methods of using limited urban spaces to alleviate heat islands has become an urgent issue.In this study,we assessed the spatiotemporal evolution of urban heat islands within the central urban area of Fuzhou City,China from 2010 to 2019.This assessment was based on a morphological spatial pattern analysis(MSPA)model and an urban thermal environment spatial network constructed us-ing the minimum cumulative resistance(MCR)model.Optimization measures for the spatial network were proposed to provide a theor-etical basis for alleviating urban heat islands.The results show that the heat island area within the study area gradually increased while that of urban cold island area gradually decreased.The core area was the largest of the urban heat island patch landscape elements with a significant impact on other landscape elements,and represented an important factor underlying urban heat island network stability.The thermal environment network revealed a total of 197 thermal environment corridors and 93 heat island sources.These locations were then optimized according to the current land use,which maximized the potential of 1599.83 ha.Optimization based on current land use led to an increase in climate resilience,with effective measures showing reduction in thermal environment spatial network structure and function,contributing to the mitigation of urban heat island.These findings support the use of current land use patterns during urban heat island mitigation measure planning,thus providing an important reference basis for alleviating urban heat island effects.
基金Supported by the Key Project of Science and Technology Department of Fujian Province,China in 2012(2012Y0009)
文摘For data of atmospheric composition missing, fog and haze days were distinguished based on the standard of meteorological industry Observation and Forecasting Levels of Haze （QX/T113-2010） and four user-defined standards, and using data of surface meteorological factors in Fuzhou City, China from 2005 to 2011, temporal distributions of fog and haze days were analyzed respectively to provide methods for fog and haze forecast. The results showed that there were 28.9 fog days and 89.7 haze days per year in Fuzhou. Both fog and haze days were variable, and there might be a day difference of twice to thrice among the years. They were the most in 2007, and then decreased in recent years. Both fog and haze days were more in winter and spring, accounted for 94.1% and 70.1% respectively, while in summer and autumn, they only accounted for 5.9% and 29.9% respectively. In a day, fog mainly occurred from night to early morning, while haze occurred mainly at about noon, which demonstrated that fog and haze are different synoptic phenomena. The mass concentration of PM2.5 in fog days was 34 μg/m^3, while it was 61 μg/m^3 in haze days, and in 22% of haze days it was larger than 75 μg/m3, which was above the national second-grade ambient air quality standard.
文摘[Objective] The aim was to explore the nutrient status of tobacco-planting soil, and find out the fertilization strategy for flue-cured tobacco. [Method] The nutrient contents in 142 soil samples from 7 tobacco planting counties in Fu Zhou city were determined and evaluated. [Result] The organic matter content was on the high side, and most soil was acid soil. The soil had abundant total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium, moderate available nitrogen and available phosphorus, low available potassium, high water soluble chlorine, low soil cation exchange capacity and rich effective zinc, but effective boron was famine. [Conclusion] The meta-acid soil should be conducted with pH adjustment, and rational nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application.
文摘It has been proven by a number of earthquake case studies that an active fault-induced earthquake beneath a city can be devastating. It is an urgent issue for seismic hazard reduction to explore the distribution of active faults beneath the urban area and identify the seismic source and the risks underneath. As a pilot project of active fault exploration in China, the project, entitled “Active fault exploration and seismic hazard assessment in Fuzhou City”, started in early 2001 and passed the check before acceptance of China Earthquake Administration in August 2004. The project was aimed to solve a series of scientific issues such as fault location, dating, movement nature, deep settings, seismic risk and hazard, preparedness of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction, and etc. by means of exploration and assessment of active faults by stages, i.e., the preliminary survey and identification of active faults in target area, the exploration of deep seismotectonic settings, the risk evaluation of active seismogenic faults, the construction of geographic information system of active faults, and so on. A lot of exploration methods were employed in the project such as the detection of absorbed mercury, free mercury and radon in soil, the geological radar, multi-channel DC electrical method, tsansient electromagnetic method, shallow seismic refraction and reflection, effect contrast of explored sources, and various sounding experiments, to establish the buried Quaternary standard section of the Fuzhou basin. By summing up, the above explorations and experiments have achieved the following results and conclusions ：
基金Supported by the Fujian Science and Technology Project(No.2006I0018,No.2009I0014)
文摘This paper introduces ENVISAT ASAR data application on rice field mapping in the Fuzhou area, using multi-temporal ASAR dual polarization data acquired in 2005. The procedure for ASAR data processing here includes data calibration, image registration, speckle reduction and conversion of data format from amplitude to dB for backscatter. The backscatter of rice increases with the rice growing stages, which was much different from other land covers. Based on image difference techniques, 6 schemes were designed with ASAR different temporal and polarization data for rice field mapping. Difference images between images in the early period of rice crop and growing or ripening period, are more suitable for rice extraction than those difference images between different polarizations in the same date. The most accurate result of late rice extraction was achieved based on the difference of HH polarization data acquired in October and August. Therefore, for rice field mapping, the temporal information is more important than polarization information. The data during the early growing season of rice is very important for high accuracy rice mapping.
文摘Public signs, as a city's "name card", have attracted wide attention. However,inappropriate translation of public signs are ubiquitous with some even cause misunderstandings for international visitors. In this paper, we first introduce the function of public signs, then through case analysis many problems are exposed and those errors bring a lot of inconvenience for foreigners who live and work in China.What's worse, to some extent, China's image and reputation will also be undermined.Finally, an appeal is made for a standardized translation of public signs and more research should be done and effective measures should be taken to improve the quality of the language environment and public signs translation.
基金The research project was sponsored by the NationalDevelopment and ReformCommission of China (20041138) .
文摘Based on detailed logging of fourteen drill holes, combined with the results of other researchers, the preliminary summarization on sedimentary characteristics of the late Pleistocene of the Fuzhou basin is done. The deposition of Fuzhou basin began from about 56.5ka BP and the sediments are composed of gravel, sand, clay and silt, which show a depositional sequence with granularity becoming smaller from the lower to the upper and a big lateral variation of lithology. There are three silt layers in late Quaternary strata of Fuzhou basin. The first and second layers were developed during the middle and late Holocene, the deposition time is about 7.86ka BP to 1.44 ka BP and they are the results of ＂Changle Transgression＂. The third was developed during the late of late Pleistocene and the deposition time is from 44ka BP to 20ka BP and it is the result of ＂Fuzhou Transgression＂. The buried late Quaternary sediments in Fuzhou basin can be divided into upper Pleistocene series and Holocene series, which include four formations from old to new. They are the Longhai formation （ Q3p 1）, Dongshan formation （Qhd）, Changle formation （Qhc） and Jiangtian formation （Qhj）, respectively. The Longhai formation can be divided into three members and belongs to the Pleistocene series, other three formations belong to the Holocene series.
基金Under the auspices of National Science&Technology Pillar Program during the Eleventh Five-year Plan Period(No.2008BAJ10B1)
文摘This paper principally focuses on land use dynamics,urban expansion and underlying driving forces in the Natural Wetland Distribution Area(NWDA)of Fuzhou City in the southeastern China.Based on time series Landsat TM/ETM+imageries and historical data,relationships between urban land expansion and its influencing factors from 1989 to 2009 were analyzed by using an integrated approach of remote sensing(RS)and geographic information system(GIS)techniques.The results showed that built-up land increased from 151.16 km2in 1989 to 383.76 km 2in 2009. Approximately 64.25%of the newly emerging built-up land was converted from cropland(29.47%),forest and shrub (25.78%),water(3.73%),wetland(4.61%),and bare land(0.66%)during 1989 and 2009.With a remarkable decrease in cropland,the proportion of non-agricultural population increased by 23.6%.Moreover,rapid development of infrastructures,facilities,industrial parks,and urban and rural settlements along the Minjiang River resulted in the eastward and southward expansion of built-up land.Additionally,the growth pattern of built-up land in the NWDA is highly correlated with socio-economic factors,including the gross domestic product(GDP),GDP per capita,and structure of industry.As a result,the observed environmental degradation such as loss of cropland and wetland due to heavy pressure of rapid urbanization have greatly impaired the carrying capacity of city.Thus,in addition to scientific and rational policies towards minimizing the adverse effects of urbanization,coordination between the administrative agencies should be urgently strengthened to balance the conflicts between urban development and ecological conservation to make sure the sustainable land use.
文摘Based on data of PM2.5 hourly concentration and HYSPLIT model backward trajectory in coastal cities of Fujian Province during January 25 -26, 2014, a typical regional pollution process affecting Fujian from the north to the south and the east to the west on January 26 was investiga- ted. Taking Fuzhou as an example, based on weather situation on the ground and at high altitudes as well as corresponding meteorological data such as wind direction, wind velocity, and visibility, the changes of meteorological elements before, during and after the pollution were compared. Based on the V-3θ atmospheric vertical structure diagrams, the weather reasons for the generation, maintaining and dissipation of the pollution were discussed. The results indicated that the regional pollution was transported from the northeast to the southwest. The northeasterly air flow in front of the cold ridge strengthened and moved toward the east, so that the pollutant from the north affected Fujian form the north to the south and from the east to the west. As a result, there was a dramatic increase of pollutant concentration, rapid drop of visibility, and deterioration of air quality in the affected areas. The heavy pollution process featured high-speed transport and short-time generation. The air quality changed from good state to heavy pollution in just 3 -4 hours. The maximum of IAQIpM2.5 reached 280. The whole pollution process lasted for 14 hours. Solar radiation had been deeply affected by aerosol clouds, so that atmospheric stratification was extremely stable. Along with the eastward movement of cold high pressure into the sea, the dominant wind direction near the ground changed from the northeast to the east, so that the source of the pollutant was cut off , and air quality quickly turned well. The changes of atmospheric vertical structure indicated that the high inversion layer and clouds near 700 hPa kept lower air clean and blocked upper pollution transport. The later sudden increase of wind speed and strengthening of atmospheric mechanical turbu- lent destroyed inversion layer, so that the upper pollutants invaded air near the ground rapidly. During the period of high pollution, the isothermal layer (aerosol clouds) leaded to decrease of wind speed, and the atmosphere became more stable. The pollution ended until the wind field changed.
文摘[Objective]The paper was to optimize the tobacco planting area in Fuzhou City and to prevent the outbreak of tobacco bacterial wilt in large area.[Method]At the end of 2017,soil samples were collected from plots planned to be planted with tobacco in the following year in Yihuang,Guangchang,Lichuan and Le’an counties.[Result]Among 352 plots,116 plots were infected by Ralstonia solanacearum,while 236 plots were free of the pathogen,and the infected plots accounted for 32.95% of total plots.Among them,75 plots exceeded the order of magnitudes of 103,accounting for 21.31% of total plots and 64.66% of infected plots.It is suggested that the plots with an order of magnitude above 103 should be pretreated with quicklime or purple soil,or conducted crop rotation,or seeds must be directly abandoned;the dosage of biocontrol agents should be increased in planting.The plots with an order of magnitude below 103 should be pretreated with quicklime or purple soil,and the dosage of biocontrol agents should be increased in planting.[Conclusion]The results provide reliable theoretical basis and data support for soil improvement and bacterial wilt control.
文摘Green Infrastructure(GI)has garnered increasing attention from various regions due to its potential to mitigate urban heat island(UHI),which has been exacerbated by global climate change.This study focuses on the central area of Fuzhou city,one of the“furnace”cities,and aims to explore the correlation between the GI pattern and land surface temperature(LST)in the spring and autumn seasons.The research adopts a multiscale approach,starting from the urban scale and using urban geographic spatial characteristics,multispectral remote sensing data,and morphological spatial pattern analysis(MSPA).Significant MSPA elements were tested and combined with LST to conduct a geographic weighted regression(GWR)experiment.The findings reveal that the UHI in the central area of Fuzhou city has a spatial characteristic of“high temperature in the middle and low temperature around,”which is coupled with a“central scattered and peripheral concentrated”distribution of GI.This suggests that remote sensing data can effectively be utilised for UHI inversion.Additionally,the study finds that the complexity of GI,whether from the perspective of the overall GI pattern or the classification study based on the proportion of the core area,has an impact on the alleviation of UHI in both seasons.In conclusion,this study underscores the importance of a reasonable layout of urban green infrastructure for mitigating UHI.
文摘Minjiang River is the mother river of Fuzhou.The skyline views on both sides of the Minjiang River directly refl ect the characteristics of Fuzhou’s urban style.Compiling guidelines for the control of the skyline along the Minjiang River will provide guidance measures for optimizing and enhancing the skyline landscape along the Minjiang River.From the fi ve elements of rhythm,permeability,visual centrality,sense of mountain display and layering,evaluation criteria are established for the skyline along the Minjiang River,and targeted guidance and optimization measures are constructed.
文摘Taking the revitalization strategy in conservation and renewal of Shangxiahang historical and cultural district as an example,the paper analyzes the main problems at the present stage and the main contradictions with urban development,and puts forward the revitalization practice for conservation and renewal of Shangxiahang historical district by using related revitalization theory and planning principles.Furthermore,the contemporary practicality of Shangxiahang district is increased on the basis of protection,giving play to its contemporary charm.
文摘In the landscape design, the green landscape is an indispensable landscape element, and the plant color is an important factor affecting the green landscape. The color matching and layout are inseparable from the research on color art. Color art not only affects our vision, but also influences people's psychology and behavior through vision. In the following, Fuzhou will be used as an example to analyze the application of color art in the green landscape and the public experience.
基金This study received the supports from Special Projects of the Central Government Guiding Local Science and Technology Development(2021L3018)Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China(2021J01621)+3 种基金Consultancy Project by the Chinese Academy of Engineering(2022-JB-06)National Natural Science Foundation of China(12231012)Royal Society of Edinburgh(RSE1832)Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(EP/W522521/1).
文摘The main epidemiological features such as basic reproduction number,effective reproduction number and sensitivity analysis were extensively discussed for multi-age groups SEIHR model in this study.Firstly,by using of the next generation matrix method,basic reproduction number R0 of the total population was estimated as 1.57 using parameter values of four age groups of Fuzhou COVID-19 large wave.Given age group k,the values of R_(0k)(age group k to age group k),the values of R_(o)^(k)(an infected of age group k to the total population)and the values of R_(o)^(k)>R_(0k)>R_(o)^(k)(an infected of the total population to age group k)were also estimated,in which the explorations of the impacts of age groups revealed that the relationship was valid.Then,the fluctuating tendencies of effective reproduction number Rt were demonstrated by using two approaches(the surveillance data and the SEIHR model)for Fuzhou COVID-19 large wave,during which high-risk group(G4 group)mainly contributed the infection scale due to high susceptibility to infection and high risks to basic diseases.Further,the sensitivity analysis using two approaches(the sensitivity index and the PRCC values)revealed that susceptibility to infection of age groups played the vital roles,while the numerical simulation showed that infection scale varied with the changes of social contacts of age groups.The results of this study claimed that the high-risk group out of the total population was concerned by the local government with the highest susceptibility to infection against COVID-19.Conclusions This study verified that the partition structure of age groups of the total population,the susceptibility to infection of age groups,the social contacts among age groups were the important contributors of infection scale.The less social contacts and adequate hospital beds for high-risk group were profitable to control the spread of COVID-19.To avoid the emergence of medical runs against new variant in the future,the policymakers from local government were suggested to decline social contacts when hospital beds were limited.
