Lithium–sulfur(Li–S)batteries are promising candidates for next-generation energy storage systems,but practical use is limited by polysulfide(PS)shuttling and Li metal anode instability.Lithium nitrate(LiNO_(3))is w...Lithium–sulfur(Li–S)batteries are promising candidates for next-generation energy storage systems,but practical use is limited by polysulfide(PS)shuttling and Li metal anode instability.Lithium nitrate(LiNO_(3))is widely used to mitigate these issues;however,its interfacial effects across the anode,electrolyte,and cathode during operation are not fully understood.Here,operando optical microscopy with a custom side-by-side cell enables simultaneous monitoring of the Li anode,liquid electrolyte,and sulfur cathode in a single field of view under conditions with and without LiNO_(3).In the absence of LiNO_(3),the Li surface undergoes rough stripping and fragmented,non-coalescent deposition,accompanied by PS-induced corrosion and accumulation of parasitic byproducts at the anode-electrolyte interface.Redness Intensity(RI),introduced to quantify electrolyte-phase PS dynamics,indicates sustained transport toward the anode and delayed conversion to elemental sulfur.By contrast,LiNO_(3)induces uniform Li stripping and the growth of aggregated,interconnected deposits,while mitigating PS crossover and promoting efficient sulfur crystallization at the cathode.Complementary SEM-EDS,UV–vis,XPS,TXM,and CT analyses corroborate these observations.By elucidating the multifunctional role of LiNO_(3),this study clarifies the interfacial dynamics that govern Li–S battery performance.展开更多
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)(RS-2024-00455177)the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)(RS-2025-00518953)+1 种基金the National Research Council of Science&Technology(NST)grant by the Korea government(MSIT)(No.GTL24012-000)This study was also supported by LG Energy Solution.Jong-Seong Bae acknowledges the support by the Ministry of Science and ICT in Korea via KBSI(Grant No.C524100).
文摘Lithium–sulfur(Li–S)batteries are promising candidates for next-generation energy storage systems,but practical use is limited by polysulfide(PS)shuttling and Li metal anode instability.Lithium nitrate(LiNO_(3))is widely used to mitigate these issues;however,its interfacial effects across the anode,electrolyte,and cathode during operation are not fully understood.Here,operando optical microscopy with a custom side-by-side cell enables simultaneous monitoring of the Li anode,liquid electrolyte,and sulfur cathode in a single field of view under conditions with and without LiNO_(3).In the absence of LiNO_(3),the Li surface undergoes rough stripping and fragmented,non-coalescent deposition,accompanied by PS-induced corrosion and accumulation of parasitic byproducts at the anode-electrolyte interface.Redness Intensity(RI),introduced to quantify electrolyte-phase PS dynamics,indicates sustained transport toward the anode and delayed conversion to elemental sulfur.By contrast,LiNO_(3)induces uniform Li stripping and the growth of aggregated,interconnected deposits,while mitigating PS crossover and promoting efficient sulfur crystallization at the cathode.Complementary SEM-EDS,UV–vis,XPS,TXM,and CT analyses corroborate these observations.By elucidating the multifunctional role of LiNO_(3),this study clarifies the interfacial dynamics that govern Li–S battery performance.
