Entomopathogenic nematodes(EPNs)represent a promising biological control strategy for managing insect pest populations,offering an environmentally sustainable alternative to conventional chemical pesticides.This revie...Entomopathogenic nematodes(EPNs)represent a promising biological control strategy for managing insect pest populations,offering an environmentally sustainable alternative to conventional chemical pesticides.This review examines the application of EPNs in forestry,highlighting their biological and ecological characteristics,mechanisms of action,and efficacy against key forest pests.By exploring various methods of EPN application,including soil injection,foliar spray,and trunk injection,practical challenges and potential solutions for effective implementation are assessed.Case studies demonstrate successful use of EPNs in controlling pests such as bark beetles,wood borers,and root weevils,underscoring their potential for integration into integrated pest management(IPM)programs.Despite current limitations,including environmental sensitivity and application constraints,ongoing research and technological advancements continue to enhance the efficacy and reliability of EPNs.This review underscores the importance of EPNs in sustainable forestry practices and calls for further research to optimize their use and to address existing challenges,ultimately contributing to healthier forest ecosystems and reduced reliance on chemical pesticides.展开更多
Through literature analysis and case study, the introduction history, variety selection (high bush, half high bush, low bush) and regional cultivation techniques of blueberry in China were summarized, and the practica...Through literature analysis and case study, the introduction history, variety selection (high bush, half high bush, low bush) and regional cultivation techniques of blueberry in China were summarized, and the practical effects of precision cultivation (water and fertilizer integration, wild planting) and under-forest economic model (forest-blueberry-fungus system, ecological tourism) were evaluated. It provided a technical reference for expanding the planting scale of blueberry and improving the fruit quality.展开更多
The current Tanzanian policy guidelines regarding ecological restoration encourage total protection (enclosure system) against grazing activities, fires and wood extraction to allow regeneration in state-based Miombo ...The current Tanzanian policy guidelines regarding ecological restoration encourage total protection (enclosure system) against grazing activities, fires and wood extraction to allow regeneration in state-based Miombo woodlands. However, there is little evidence on how such treatments would promote restoration. We fetched the pieces of evidence from studies that evaluated the impact of management treatments on the lightly degraded Miombo woodlands at Kitulangalo Forest Reserve in eastern Tanzania. Plot fencing and fire exclusion constrained woody species regeneration due to competition compared to unfenced plots. Adopting quota grazing policies and controlled burning systems can be the shortest and most eco-friendly pathways towards Miombo restoration. The results pointed out that stand disturbances and silvicultural practices can promote regeneration, which is crucial to promoting ecological restoration in Miombo woodlands.展开更多
Effective forest regeneration is essential for sustainable forestry practices.In Sweden,mechanical site preparation and manual planting is the dominating method,but sourcing labour for the physically demanding work is...Effective forest regeneration is essential for sustainable forestry practices.In Sweden,mechanical site preparation and manual planting is the dominating method,but sourcing labour for the physically demanding work is difficult.An autonomous scarifying and planting system(Autoplant)could meet the requirements of the forest industry and,for this,a tool for regeneration planning and routing is needed.The tool,Pathfinder,plans the regeneration and routes based on the harvested production(hpr)files,soil moisture and parent material maps,no-go areas(for culture or nature conservation),digital elevation models(DEM),and machine data(e.g.,working width,critical slope,time taken for different turn angles).The overall planting solution is either a set of capacity constrained routes or a continuous route and could be used for any planting machine as well as for traditional scarifiers as disc trenchers or mounders pulled by forwarders.Pathfinder was tested on eleven regeneration areas throughout Sweden,both with continuous routes and routes based on a carrying capacity of 1500 seedlings.The net operation area,species and seedling density suggestions were deemed relevant by expert judgement in the field.The routes provided by Pathfinder were compared with solutions given by two experienced drivers and a third solution based on the actual soil scarification at the site.Total driving distance did not differ significantly between the suggestions,but Pathfinder included less side-slope driving on steep slopes(≥27%or 15°)and medium slopes(15–27%).The chosen threshold value for steep slopes(where side-slope driving should be avoided)affects the routing,and a lower threshold means more turning and longer driving distance.Pathfinder is not only a tool for routing of planting machines,but also helps in planning of traditional regeneration by providing a more correct net area and tree species suggestions based on the growth of the previous stand.It also diminishes the risk of severe soil disturbance by excluding the wettest area in the planning.展开更多
In this paper,the application of agricultural big data in agricultural economic management is deeply explored,and its potential in promoting profit growth and innovation is analyzed.However,challenges persist in data ...In this paper,the application of agricultural big data in agricultural economic management is deeply explored,and its potential in promoting profit growth and innovation is analyzed.However,challenges persist in data collection and integration,limitations of analytical technologies,talent development,team building,and policy support when applying agricultural big data.Effective application strategies are proposed,including data-driven precision agriculture practices,construction of data integration and management platforms,data security and privacy protection strategies,as well as long-term planning and development strategies for agricultural big data,to maximize its impact on agricultural economic management.Future advancements require collaborative efforts in technological innovation,talent cultivation,and policy support,to realize the extensive application of agricultural big data in agricultural economic management and ensure sustainable industrial development.展开更多
The study determined the carbon stocks and litter nutrient concentration in tropical forests along the ecological gradient in Kenya.This could help understand the potential of mitigating climate change using tropical ...The study determined the carbon stocks and litter nutrient concentration in tropical forests along the ecological gradient in Kenya.This could help understand the potential of mitigating climate change using tropical forest ecosystems in different ecological zones,which are being affected by climate change to a level that they are becoming carbon sources instead of sinks.Stratified sampling technique was used to categorize tropical forests into rain,moist deciduous and dry zone forests depending on the average annual rainfall received.Simple random sampling technique was used to select three tropical forests in each category.Modified consistent sampling technique was used to develop 10 main 20 m×100 m plots in each forest,with 202 m×50 m sub-plots in each plot.Systematic random sampling technique was used in selecting 10 sub-plots from each main plot for inventory study.Non-destructive approach based on allometric equations using trees’diameter at breast height(DBH),total height and species’wood specific gravity were used in estimating tree carbon stock in each forest.Soil organic carbon(SOC)and litter nutrient concentration(total phosphorus and nitrogen)were determined in each forest based on standard laboratory procedures.The results indicated that,whilst trees in rain forests recorded a significantly higher(p<0.001)DBH(20.36 cm)and total tree height(12.1 m),trees in dry zone forests recorded a significantly higher(p<0.001)specific gravity(0.67 kg m^(−3)).Dry zone tropical forests stored a significantly lower amount of total tree carbon of 73 Mg ha^(−1),compared to tropical rain forests(439.5 Mg ha^(−1))and moist deciduous tropical forests(449 Mg ha^(−1)).The SOC content was significantly higher in tropical rainforests(3.9%),compared to soils from moist deciduous(2.9%)and dry zone forests(1.8%).While litter from tropical rain forests recorded a significantly higher amount of total nitrogen(3.4%),litter from dry zone forests recorded a significantly higher concentration of total phosphorus(0.27%).In conclusion,ecological gradient that is dictated by the prevailing temperatures and precipitation affects the tropical forests carbon stock potential and litter nutrient concentration.This implies that,the changing climate is having a serious implication on the ecosystem services such as carbon stock and nutrients cycling in tropical forests.展开更多
The increase in wood and wood-based products in the construction and furniture sectors has grown exponentially,generating severe environmental and socioeconomic impacts.Particleboard panels have been the main cost-ben...The increase in wood and wood-based products in the construction and furniture sectors has grown exponentially,generating severe environmental and socioeconomic impacts.Particleboard panels have been the main cost-benefit option on the market due to their lightness and lower cost compared to solid wood.However,the synthetic adhesives used in producing traditional particleboard panels cause serious harm to human health.Developing particleboard panels with fibrous waste and natural adhesives could be a sustainable alternative for these sectors.The work aimed to create particleboards with fibrous wastes from the pseudostem of the banana tree(Musa paradisiaca)and different proportions of the natural adhesive cassava starch-CS in replacement of synthetic adhesive urea-formaldehyde-UF.Five experimental groups were manufactured with banana trees and different percentages of UF and CS adhesives,namely(100UF–0%CS),(50%UF–50%CS),(30%UF–70%CS),(10%UF–90%CS)and(0%UF–100%CS).The particleboards had their physical-mechanical properties determined.The apparent density values did not show significant variation between the assessed treatments.Regarding the water absorption and thickness swelling,the best performances were observed for the panels made without the addition of CS(100%UF).For the mechanical properties of static bending strength and Janka hardness,it was identified that adding up to 50%CS did not interfere with the quality of the panels.These analyses show that the particleboard panels produced with wastes of the banana tree bonded with natural CS adhesivemay be an economically viable and environmentally correct alternative,positively strengthening the development of sustainable strategies.展开更多
Teso subregion in Eastern Uganda is a leading production hub for citrus in Uganda. However, information on fruit quality profile of the three major varieties (Hamlin, Valencia and Washington navel) grown in this regio...Teso subregion in Eastern Uganda is a leading production hub for citrus in Uganda. However, information on fruit quality profile of the three major varieties (Hamlin, Valencia and Washington navel) grown in this region was limited and/or unreported, partly resulting in their limited use for industrial processing. The current study sought to understand the seasonal quality profile of these varieties during the wet and dry seasons for the years 2019, 2022 and 2023. The study was conducted with farmers in the districts of Kumi, Ngora, Soroti and Kalaki. Mature green oranges were periodically harvested and analysed for physical and chemical properties. The results showed that the quality of oranges varied depending on the season at harvest and the variety with significant differences (p ≤ 0.05). Mean weight per fruit was highest in wet season Washington navel (277.5 g) and lowest in dry season Hamlin (149.3 g). Similarly, fruit size varied in the wet season where Washington navel (81.2 mm) had the biggest fruits while dry season Hamlin were smallest (66.6 mm). Dry season Washington navel had had the thickest peel (7.9 mm). Valencia from the wet season had the highest juice content (36.9%) compared to Washington navel (26.5%) from the dry season with the lowest. Titratable acidity was higher in the dry season Valencia (0.9%) compared to the wet season Washington navel and Hamlin (0.3%). Similarly, Total soluble solids (TSS) was higher in the dry season (Washington navel, 10.1 ˚Brix) in contrast to the wet season (Hamlin and Valencia, 7.7 ˚Brix). Valencia had the lowest pH (3.1) however, pH did not vary significantly between season for each variety except for Hamlin. Vitamin C content was higher during the dry season led by Valencia (57.6 mg/100g) and Hamlin (57.4 mg/100g). Sugar to acid ratio was highest during the wet season (Washington navel, 41.5) and lowest in the dry season (Valencia, 17.1). Overall, dry season fruits and more especially Valencia showed versatility in meeting most of the quality requirements for both industrial juice processing and the fresh market. However, there is need to improve the available orange varieties with regard to juice content and optimal sugar: acid ratio regardless of season.展开更多
Osyris lanceolata is heavily and illegally exploited in East Africa for its essential oils, yet little is known about its population status and ecological requirements. This study examined its population structure and...Osyris lanceolata is heavily and illegally exploited in East Africa for its essential oils, yet little is known about its population status and ecological requirements. This study examined its population structure and environmental factors influencing its distribution in the semi-arid Karamoja sub-region, Uganda. We surveyed 388 plots (5 m radius) at different altitudes, recording life stages, stem diameters, and regeneration patterns, and analyzed soil samples. Multivariate analyses, including Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA), Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA), Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS), and Multiple Regression Modeling (MRM), identified key environmental factors affecting its distribution. Findings show that O. lanceolata populations in Moroto, Nakapiripirit, and Amudat districts are severely degraded due to overexploitation. The species is primarily regenerating through coppicing rather than seedlings, with an exploitation intensity of 56.6%. Population densities are low, distribution is irregular, and sustainable harvesting is not viable. Soil properties, particularly Ca2+, N, P, K+, Na+, and organic matter, significantly influence its abundance. Conservation efforts should focus on identifying suitable provenances for genetic preservation and plantation establishment. Areas with at least 9 trees per hectare in Moroto, Nakapiripirit, and Amudat could serve as potential sites for ex-situ plantations. Further research should explore how biotic interactions, genetic diversity, and morphology affect oil yield and quality to support restoration, breeding, and domestication initiatives.展开更多
Citrus is an important commercial crop in Uganda, especially the Eastern region. However, in spite of the increasing regional demand, citrus productivity is still low, attributed to pest and diseases, soil moisture st...Citrus is an important commercial crop in Uganda, especially the Eastern region. However, in spite of the increasing regional demand, citrus productivity is still low, attributed to pest and diseases, soil moisture stress, and low soil fertility, among others. Efforts to improve soil fertility are limited by inadequate supply of organic fertilizers due to competing demands. In addition, there is inadequate information on inorganic fertilizer requirements for citrus production in Uganda. The objective of this study was to develop optimum fertilizer recommendations for citrus production for Eastern Uganda. The study was conducted in Teso region, Eastern Uganda. Fertilizer (NPK, 17:17:17) was randomly applied to Hamlin, Valencia and Washington varieties with fertilizer and variety factorially arranged for each farm and citrus age range, replicated three times. Fertilizer rates were 0, 139, 278 and 556 kg NPK/ha for the 4 - 7-year old trees, and 0, 278, 556 and 1111 kg NPK/ha for the mature (8 years and above) trees. For a given variety, each fertilizer rate was applied onto three representative trees per farmer, six farmers per district. Results showed that yields and net profits were highest for variety Hamlin, and nearly the same for varieties Washington and Valencia. Fertilizer application increased fruit yield and profits for both the 4 to 7-year and 8 and above-year-old trees, with highest yield and profitability values observed at 556 kg NPK/ha. These results suggest applying 556 kg NPK/ha to citrus per year as an optimum fertilizer rate for citrus production in Teso region. The fertilizer should be applied in smaller splits of 800, 600, and 600 grams per tree, applied in April, June, and August.展开更多
Eucalyptus urophylla×E.grandis is a major hybrid species of timber plantations.However,our under-standing of Eucalyptus mitochondrial genome,especially within the Myrtaceae family,is limited.In this study,we empl...Eucalyptus urophylla×E.grandis is a major hybrid species of timber plantations.However,our under-standing of Eucalyptus mitochondrial genome,especially within the Myrtaceae family,is limited.In this study,we employed hybrid sequencing combining the Illumina and Oxford Nanopore sequencing to assemble and annotate the mitogenome(mtDNA)of E.urophylla×E.grandis.Our results reveal a structure characterized by one circular mol-ecule,with a cumulative length of 483,907 base pairs(bp)and a GC content of 44.96%.The circular molecule collec-tively harbored 59 annotated genes.Among these,38 were unique protein-coding genes(PCGs),accompanied by 18 transfer RNA(tRNA)genes and 3 ribosomal RNA(rRNA)genes.Our study also examined repetitive sequences,RNA editing sites,and intracellular sequence transfers within the mtDNA.Furthermore,we conducted a phylogenetic analy-sis between E.urophylla×E.grandis and 30 closely related species based on genetic affinities.The outcomes furnish a high-quality organelle genome for E.urophylla×E.grandis,thereby explaining basic insights into organelle genome evo-lution and phylogenetic relationships.展开更多
[Objective] The study aimed to discuss the spatial changes of negative air ion concentration in Hefei City. [Method] Based on the observation of air ions, temperature, relative humidity, the spatial changes of negativ...[Objective] The study aimed to discuss the spatial changes of negative air ion concentration in Hefei City. [Method] Based on the observation of air ions, temperature, relative humidity, the spatial changes of negative air ion concentration in different districts of Hefei City were ana- lyzed firstly, then the correlation between negative air ion concentration and meteorological factors was discussed. [ Result] Air cleanliness index （CI） of the parks, residential areas, industrial regions, transport stations and prosperous commercial districts was 0.86, 0.53, 0.37, 0.26 and 0.17 respectively, and the latter two regions suffered mild and moderate pollution separately. Daily variations of negative air ion concentration in the residential areas and parks of Hefei City were obvious, showing U shape, that is, the maximum values appeared in the morning and evening, while the minimum values could be found around 14 ：（30. There was no distinctly regular variation of negative air ion concentration in the prosperous com- mercial districts, transport stations and industrial areas. In Hefei City, the concentration of negative air ions showed an increasing trend from the ur- ban districts to the suburban districts; it was obviously higher in the residential areas and parks with numerous plants and waters compared with the prosperous commercial districts and transport stations. Negative air ion concentration correlated with relative humidity positively and temperature negatively, so the main meteorological factors influencing the negative air ion concentration in Hefei City were temperature and relative humidity. [ Coedusloa] The research could provide scientific references for city planning and greenbelt construction in future.展开更多
Soil is the basis of agricultural and forestry production,and it is of great significance to obtain soil information efficiently and comprehensively for soil management.Due to the complexity of soil organic components...Soil is the basis of agricultural and forestry production,and it is of great significance to obtain soil information efficiently and comprehensively for soil management.Due to the complexity of soil organic components,it is difficult to obtain the information of soil organic components comprehensively by traditional chemical analysis method.As a non-destructive,real-time and high-throughput analysis method,mid infrared spectroscopy(MIR)has the ability to obtain soil organic environmental information efficiently and accurately.It can provide a large number of basic data for soil environmental monitoring,digital mapping,agricultural and forestry production,and help to realize the real-time monitoring of soil environment and the informatization of agriculture and forestry.In this paper,the detection process of MIR obtaining soil environmental spectral information and processing methods of spectral data were briefly introduced,and the research progress on extraction and influencing factors of mid infrared spectrum characteristics of soil in recent years was reviewed.Moreover,the significance and future development direction of soil science for the technology were discussed.展开更多
The increase in global climate change incidents is a glaring indication that more pragmatic and direct approaches to tree and forest management are urgently needed.A study was conducted around Mount Elgon Uganda betwe...The increase in global climate change incidents is a glaring indication that more pragmatic and direct approaches to tree and forest management are urgently needed.A study was conducted around Mount Elgon Uganda between June 2018 and December 2019.The objectives were to:i)determine the socio-economic characteristics of women and youth farmers engaged in agroforestry,ii)determine the relationship between women and youth farmers’characteristics in adoption of tree technologies and related decisions,and iii)assess the incentives,challenges and strategies for promoting agroforestry technologies’adoption in the region.Data were collected from 250 women and youths using focus group discussions,semi-structured,and key informant interviews.Results showed that engagements in agroforestry practices attracted largely(82%)of uneducated women and youths and basic methods and tools were used to farm.Up to 70%of women and youth relied on crop farming as a major source of income,earning about USD$250 perannum.Farm and family size were positively(P>0.0001)related to tree adoption decisions while farmer capacity building activities(such as training,farmer guided field tours,and participatory farmer trial’s establishments)and access to low-cost tree seedlings motivated their involvement in tree planting.Land scarcity,soil,water,and tree conservation issues and shortage of desired tree species affected the extent of tree growing in both women and youth-led households.The suggested strategies comprised strengthening farmer capacity-building programs and upholding soil and water conservation technologies.Agroforestry has the potential to address the challenges related to land scarcity and shortage of desired tree products in women and youth-led households around Mount Elgon.However,the women and youths involved in farming activities were generally poor,illiterate and faced issues of land insecurity.These factors,limited their full potential and interest in agroforestry.A significant increase in tree adoption rates by women and youths will be achieved with increased training on tree seed collection and pre-treatment,reforestation programs as well as tree pest and disease control.展开更多
The role of soil moisture in the survival and growth of trees cannot be over-emphasized and it contributes to the net productivity of the forest. However, information on the spatial distribution of the soil moisture c...The role of soil moisture in the survival and growth of trees cannot be over-emphasized and it contributes to the net productivity of the forest. However, information on the spatial distribution of the soil moisture content regarding the tree volume in forest ecosystems especially in Nigeria is limited. Therefore, this study combined spatial and ground data to determine soil moisture distribution and tree volume in the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) forest, Ibadan. Satellite images of 1989, 1999, 2009 and 2019 were obtained and processed using topographic and vegetation-based models to examine the soil moisture status of the forest. Satellite-based soil moisture obtained was validated with ground soil moisture data collected in 2019. Tree growth variables were obtained for tree volume computation using Newton’s formular. Forest soil moisture models employed in this study include Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), Temperature Dryness Vegetation Index (TDVI) and Modified Normalized Difference Wetness Index (MNDWI). Relationships between index-based and ground base Soil Moisture Content (SMC), as well as the correlation between soil moisture and tree volume, were examined. The study revealed strong relationships between tree volume and TDVI, SMC, TWI with R<sup>2</sup> values of 0.91, 0.85, and 0.75, respectively. The regression values of 0.89 between in-situ soil data and TWI and 0.83 with TDVI ascertain the reliability of satellite data in soil moisture mapping. The decision of which index to apply between TWI and TDVI, therefore, depends on available data since both proved to be reliable. The TWI surface is considered to be a more suitable soil moisture prediction index, while MNDWI exhibited a weak relationship (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.03) with ground data. The strong relationships between soil moisture and tree volume suggest tree volume can be predicted based on available soil moisture content. Any slight undesirable change in soil moisture could lead to severe forest conditions.展开更多
Amenity trees are an essential element of most urban communities,contributing significantly to human well-being and improving environmental quality.Good knowledge of the diversity and abundance of trees in our environ...Amenity trees are an essential element of most urban communities,contributing significantly to human well-being and improving environmental quality.Good knowledge of the diversity and abundance of trees in our environment and their importance can help promote conservation,which is essential for sustainability.This study aimed at assessing the diversity and abundance of amenity trees on the premises of the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture(IITA),Ibadan Nigeria.The institute was divided into working and residential areas.The trees in the study area were identified using a walking and windshield survey.A total population of 2626 trees from 126 species and 42 families were identified on the premises of IITA.The highest tree population of 523 trees was recorded in the Tropical Crescent residential area with 321 trees of Lagerstroemia speciosa being the most frequent species.Across working and residential areas,Elaeis guineensis was the most frequent species accounting for 19.92%of the total tree population.A Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index(H’)of 3.383 and species evenness of 0.43 was obtained from the study area.The high values of diversity indices obtained indicate that IITA premises are rich in diverse tree species both indigenous and exotic hence should be referenced as a good urban landscape.The current management practices can be recommended for other institutions.展开更多
Effective breeding requires multiplying desired genotypes,keeping them at a convenient location to perform crosses more efficiently,and building orchards to generate material for reforestation.While some of these aims...Effective breeding requires multiplying desired genotypes,keeping them at a convenient location to perform crosses more efficiently,and building orchards to generate material for reforestation.While some of these aims can be achieved by conventional grafting involving only rootstock and scion,topgrafting is known to deliver all in a shorter time span.In this study,Scots pine scions were grafted onto the upper and lower tree crowns in two clonal archives with the aim of inducing early female and male strobili produc-tion,respectively.Their survival rates and strobili production were analyzed with generalized linear mixed models.Sur-vival was low(14%)to moderate(41%),and mainly affected by the topgraft genotype,interstock genotype,crown posi-tion and weather conditions in connection with the grafting procedure.Survival was not affected by the cardinal position in the crown(south or north).Male flowering was ample three years after grafting and reached 56%in the first year among live scions,increasing to 62 and 59%in consecutive years.Female flowering was scarce and was 9%at first,later increasing to 26 and 20%of living scions but was strongly affected by the topgraft genotype.In one subset of scions,female flowering was observed 1 year after grafting.Overall,flowering success was mainly affected by the topgraft and interstock genotypes,and secondary growth of scions.This is one of few reports on topgrafting in functional Scots pine clonal archives.展开更多
Three new records from Vietnam,Phlegmariurus guangdongensis Ching,Adiantum longzhouensis A.H.Wang,F.G.Wang&F.W.Xing,and Lepisorus bicolor Ching,are reported.The identification characteristics,information of specim...Three new records from Vietnam,Phlegmariurus guangdongensis Ching,Adiantum longzhouensis A.H.Wang,F.G.Wang&F.W.Xing,and Lepisorus bicolor Ching,are reported.The identification characteristics,information of specimen,and geographical distribution of the species are described.The discovery of new records not only enriches the study of plant diversity in Vietnam,but also provides important information for biodiversity conservation and botanical research in the region.The voucher specimens are kept in the Herbarium of Kunming Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences(KUN),Herbarium of Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences(PE)and Herbarium of Guangxi Forestry Research Institute(GXFI).展开更多
[Objectives]To determine the potential habitat range of Caragana acanthophylla in Xinjiang.[Methods]The known distribution points of C.acanthophylla were used as samples,and a MaxEnt model was developed based on their...[Objectives]To determine the potential habitat range of Caragana acanthophylla in Xinjiang.[Methods]The known distribution points of C.acanthophylla were used as samples,and a MaxEnt model was developed based on their climatic variables to identify key environmental factors affecting the potential habitats of C.acanthophylla through jackknife method and construction of a response relationship between representative variables and habitat suitability;the suitability of habitats for C.acanthophylla in Xinjiang was evaluated based on the output results of the model.[Results](i)The accuracy of the model verified by AUC curve was 0.971,indicating that the potential habitats of C.acanthophylla in Xinjiang predicted by MaxEnt model were highly credible.(ii)The optimum climatic characteristics for the distribution of C.acanthophylla in Xinjiang were:isothermality 18.8%-34%,minimum temperature of coldest month-30℃to-13℃,mean temperature of coldest quarter-18℃ to-4℃,annual precipitation 80-410 mm,precipitation of driest month 0-25 mm,precipitation of driest quarter 0-82 mm,and precipitation of coldest quarter 0-75 mm.(iii)The total potential distribution area of C.acanthophylla in Xinjiang was modeled to be 1.03×10^(5) km^(2),of which 8.54×10^(3)km^(2) was high suitability area,mainly in the front mountain belt of the north slope of Tianshan Mountain in Urumqi City,Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture,Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture,and Yili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture and the front mountain belt of Barluk Mountain in Tacheng Prefecture.[Conclusions]This study is of great significance for the future scientific management,regeneration,vegetation restoration and ecological protection of C.acanthophylla.展开更多
To study the effect of thinning intensity on the carbon sequestration by natural mixed coniferous and broad-leaf forests in Xiaoxing’an Mountains,China,we established six 100 m×100 m experimental plots in Dongfa...To study the effect of thinning intensity on the carbon sequestration by natural mixed coniferous and broad-leaf forests in Xiaoxing’an Mountains,China,we established six 100 m×100 m experimental plots in Dongfanghong For-est that varied in thinning intensity:plot A(10%),B(15%),C(20%),D(25%),E(30%),F(35%),and the control sample area(0%).A principal component analysis was performed using 50 different variables,including species diversity,soil fertility,litter characteristics,canopy structure param-eters,and seedling regeneration parameters.The effects of thinning intensity on carbon sequestration were strongest in plot E(0.75),followed by D(0.63),F(0.50),C(0.48),B(0.22),A(0.11),and the control(0.06).The composite score of plot E was the highest,indicating that the carbon sequestration effect was strongest at a thinning intensity of 30%.These findings provide useful insights that could aid the management of natural mixed coniferous and broadleaf forests in Xiaoxing’an Mountains,China.This information has implications for future studies of these forests,and the methods used could aid future ecological assessments of the natural forests in Xiaoxing’an Mountains,China.展开更多
文摘Entomopathogenic nematodes(EPNs)represent a promising biological control strategy for managing insect pest populations,offering an environmentally sustainable alternative to conventional chemical pesticides.This review examines the application of EPNs in forestry,highlighting their biological and ecological characteristics,mechanisms of action,and efficacy against key forest pests.By exploring various methods of EPN application,including soil injection,foliar spray,and trunk injection,practical challenges and potential solutions for effective implementation are assessed.Case studies demonstrate successful use of EPNs in controlling pests such as bark beetles,wood borers,and root weevils,underscoring their potential for integration into integrated pest management(IPM)programs.Despite current limitations,including environmental sensitivity and application constraints,ongoing research and technological advancements continue to enhance the efficacy and reliability of EPNs.This review underscores the importance of EPNs in sustainable forestry practices and calls for further research to optimize their use and to address existing challenges,ultimately contributing to healthier forest ecosystems and reduced reliance on chemical pesticides.
文摘Through literature analysis and case study, the introduction history, variety selection (high bush, half high bush, low bush) and regional cultivation techniques of blueberry in China were summarized, and the practical effects of precision cultivation (water and fertilizer integration, wild planting) and under-forest economic model (forest-blueberry-fungus system, ecological tourism) were evaluated. It provided a technical reference for expanding the planting scale of blueberry and improving the fruit quality.
文摘The current Tanzanian policy guidelines regarding ecological restoration encourage total protection (enclosure system) against grazing activities, fires and wood extraction to allow regeneration in state-based Miombo woodlands. However, there is little evidence on how such treatments would promote restoration. We fetched the pieces of evidence from studies that evaluated the impact of management treatments on the lightly degraded Miombo woodlands at Kitulangalo Forest Reserve in eastern Tanzania. Plot fencing and fire exclusion constrained woody species regeneration due to competition compared to unfenced plots. Adopting quota grazing policies and controlled burning systems can be the shortest and most eco-friendly pathways towards Miombo restoration. The results pointed out that stand disturbances and silvicultural practices can promote regeneration, which is crucial to promoting ecological restoration in Miombo woodlands.
基金funded by Vinnova,the Swedish Innovation Agency as a part of the Autoplant project(Dnr 2020-04202 and 2023-02747).
文摘Effective forest regeneration is essential for sustainable forestry practices.In Sweden,mechanical site preparation and manual planting is the dominating method,but sourcing labour for the physically demanding work is difficult.An autonomous scarifying and planting system(Autoplant)could meet the requirements of the forest industry and,for this,a tool for regeneration planning and routing is needed.The tool,Pathfinder,plans the regeneration and routes based on the harvested production(hpr)files,soil moisture and parent material maps,no-go areas(for culture or nature conservation),digital elevation models(DEM),and machine data(e.g.,working width,critical slope,time taken for different turn angles).The overall planting solution is either a set of capacity constrained routes or a continuous route and could be used for any planting machine as well as for traditional scarifiers as disc trenchers or mounders pulled by forwarders.Pathfinder was tested on eleven regeneration areas throughout Sweden,both with continuous routes and routes based on a carrying capacity of 1500 seedlings.The net operation area,species and seedling density suggestions were deemed relevant by expert judgement in the field.The routes provided by Pathfinder were compared with solutions given by two experienced drivers and a third solution based on the actual soil scarification at the site.Total driving distance did not differ significantly between the suggestions,but Pathfinder included less side-slope driving on steep slopes(≥27%or 15°)and medium slopes(15–27%).The chosen threshold value for steep slopes(where side-slope driving should be avoided)affects the routing,and a lower threshold means more turning and longer driving distance.Pathfinder is not only a tool for routing of planting machines,but also helps in planning of traditional regeneration by providing a more correct net area and tree species suggestions based on the growth of the previous stand.It also diminishes the risk of severe soil disturbance by excluding the wettest area in the planning.
基金Supported by Research and Application of Soil Collection Software and Soil Ecological Big Data Platform in Guangxi Woodland(GUILINKEYAN[2022ZC]44)Construction of Soil Information Database and Visualization System for Artificial Forests in Central Guangxi(2023GXZCLK62).
文摘In this paper,the application of agricultural big data in agricultural economic management is deeply explored,and its potential in promoting profit growth and innovation is analyzed.However,challenges persist in data collection and integration,limitations of analytical technologies,talent development,team building,and policy support when applying agricultural big data.Effective application strategies are proposed,including data-driven precision agriculture practices,construction of data integration and management platforms,data security and privacy protection strategies,as well as long-term planning and development strategies for agricultural big data,to maximize its impact on agricultural economic management.Future advancements require collaborative efforts in technological innovation,talent cultivation,and policy support,to realize the extensive application of agricultural big data in agricultural economic management and ensure sustainable industrial development.
基金funded by the Kenya National Research Fund(NRF-Kenya,2018).
文摘The study determined the carbon stocks and litter nutrient concentration in tropical forests along the ecological gradient in Kenya.This could help understand the potential of mitigating climate change using tropical forest ecosystems in different ecological zones,which are being affected by climate change to a level that they are becoming carbon sources instead of sinks.Stratified sampling technique was used to categorize tropical forests into rain,moist deciduous and dry zone forests depending on the average annual rainfall received.Simple random sampling technique was used to select three tropical forests in each category.Modified consistent sampling technique was used to develop 10 main 20 m×100 m plots in each forest,with 202 m×50 m sub-plots in each plot.Systematic random sampling technique was used in selecting 10 sub-plots from each main plot for inventory study.Non-destructive approach based on allometric equations using trees’diameter at breast height(DBH),total height and species’wood specific gravity were used in estimating tree carbon stock in each forest.Soil organic carbon(SOC)and litter nutrient concentration(total phosphorus and nitrogen)were determined in each forest based on standard laboratory procedures.The results indicated that,whilst trees in rain forests recorded a significantly higher(p<0.001)DBH(20.36 cm)and total tree height(12.1 m),trees in dry zone forests recorded a significantly higher(p<0.001)specific gravity(0.67 kg m^(−3)).Dry zone tropical forests stored a significantly lower amount of total tree carbon of 73 Mg ha^(−1),compared to tropical rain forests(439.5 Mg ha^(−1))and moist deciduous tropical forests(449 Mg ha^(−1)).The SOC content was significantly higher in tropical rainforests(3.9%),compared to soils from moist deciduous(2.9%)and dry zone forests(1.8%).While litter from tropical rain forests recorded a significantly higher amount of total nitrogen(3.4%),litter from dry zone forests recorded a significantly higher concentration of total phosphorus(0.27%).In conclusion,ecological gradient that is dictated by the prevailing temperatures and precipitation affects the tropical forests carbon stock potential and litter nutrient concentration.This implies that,the changing climate is having a serious implication on the ecosystem services such as carbon stock and nutrients cycling in tropical forests.
基金financed by“Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico”(CNPq)and“Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior”(CAPES)-Finance Code 001.
文摘The increase in wood and wood-based products in the construction and furniture sectors has grown exponentially,generating severe environmental and socioeconomic impacts.Particleboard panels have been the main cost-benefit option on the market due to their lightness and lower cost compared to solid wood.However,the synthetic adhesives used in producing traditional particleboard panels cause serious harm to human health.Developing particleboard panels with fibrous waste and natural adhesives could be a sustainable alternative for these sectors.The work aimed to create particleboards with fibrous wastes from the pseudostem of the banana tree(Musa paradisiaca)and different proportions of the natural adhesive cassava starch-CS in replacement of synthetic adhesive urea-formaldehyde-UF.Five experimental groups were manufactured with banana trees and different percentages of UF and CS adhesives,namely(100UF–0%CS),(50%UF–50%CS),(30%UF–70%CS),(10%UF–90%CS)and(0%UF–100%CS).The particleboards had their physical-mechanical properties determined.The apparent density values did not show significant variation between the assessed treatments.Regarding the water absorption and thickness swelling,the best performances were observed for the panels made without the addition of CS(100%UF).For the mechanical properties of static bending strength and Janka hardness,it was identified that adding up to 50%CS did not interfere with the quality of the panels.These analyses show that the particleboard panels produced with wastes of the banana tree bonded with natural CS adhesivemay be an economically viable and environmentally correct alternative,positively strengthening the development of sustainable strategies.
文摘Teso subregion in Eastern Uganda is a leading production hub for citrus in Uganda. However, information on fruit quality profile of the three major varieties (Hamlin, Valencia and Washington navel) grown in this region was limited and/or unreported, partly resulting in their limited use for industrial processing. The current study sought to understand the seasonal quality profile of these varieties during the wet and dry seasons for the years 2019, 2022 and 2023. The study was conducted with farmers in the districts of Kumi, Ngora, Soroti and Kalaki. Mature green oranges were periodically harvested and analysed for physical and chemical properties. The results showed that the quality of oranges varied depending on the season at harvest and the variety with significant differences (p ≤ 0.05). Mean weight per fruit was highest in wet season Washington navel (277.5 g) and lowest in dry season Hamlin (149.3 g). Similarly, fruit size varied in the wet season where Washington navel (81.2 mm) had the biggest fruits while dry season Hamlin were smallest (66.6 mm). Dry season Washington navel had had the thickest peel (7.9 mm). Valencia from the wet season had the highest juice content (36.9%) compared to Washington navel (26.5%) from the dry season with the lowest. Titratable acidity was higher in the dry season Valencia (0.9%) compared to the wet season Washington navel and Hamlin (0.3%). Similarly, Total soluble solids (TSS) was higher in the dry season (Washington navel, 10.1 ˚Brix) in contrast to the wet season (Hamlin and Valencia, 7.7 ˚Brix). Valencia had the lowest pH (3.1) however, pH did not vary significantly between season for each variety except for Hamlin. Vitamin C content was higher during the dry season led by Valencia (57.6 mg/100g) and Hamlin (57.4 mg/100g). Sugar to acid ratio was highest during the wet season (Washington navel, 41.5) and lowest in the dry season (Valencia, 17.1). Overall, dry season fruits and more especially Valencia showed versatility in meeting most of the quality requirements for both industrial juice processing and the fresh market. However, there is need to improve the available orange varieties with regard to juice content and optimal sugar: acid ratio regardless of season.
文摘Osyris lanceolata is heavily and illegally exploited in East Africa for its essential oils, yet little is known about its population status and ecological requirements. This study examined its population structure and environmental factors influencing its distribution in the semi-arid Karamoja sub-region, Uganda. We surveyed 388 plots (5 m radius) at different altitudes, recording life stages, stem diameters, and regeneration patterns, and analyzed soil samples. Multivariate analyses, including Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA), Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA), Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS), and Multiple Regression Modeling (MRM), identified key environmental factors affecting its distribution. Findings show that O. lanceolata populations in Moroto, Nakapiripirit, and Amudat districts are severely degraded due to overexploitation. The species is primarily regenerating through coppicing rather than seedlings, with an exploitation intensity of 56.6%. Population densities are low, distribution is irregular, and sustainable harvesting is not viable. Soil properties, particularly Ca2+, N, P, K+, Na+, and organic matter, significantly influence its abundance. Conservation efforts should focus on identifying suitable provenances for genetic preservation and plantation establishment. Areas with at least 9 trees per hectare in Moroto, Nakapiripirit, and Amudat could serve as potential sites for ex-situ plantations. Further research should explore how biotic interactions, genetic diversity, and morphology affect oil yield and quality to support restoration, breeding, and domestication initiatives.
文摘Citrus is an important commercial crop in Uganda, especially the Eastern region. However, in spite of the increasing regional demand, citrus productivity is still low, attributed to pest and diseases, soil moisture stress, and low soil fertility, among others. Efforts to improve soil fertility are limited by inadequate supply of organic fertilizers due to competing demands. In addition, there is inadequate information on inorganic fertilizer requirements for citrus production in Uganda. The objective of this study was to develop optimum fertilizer recommendations for citrus production for Eastern Uganda. The study was conducted in Teso region, Eastern Uganda. Fertilizer (NPK, 17:17:17) was randomly applied to Hamlin, Valencia and Washington varieties with fertilizer and variety factorially arranged for each farm and citrus age range, replicated three times. Fertilizer rates were 0, 139, 278 and 556 kg NPK/ha for the 4 - 7-year old trees, and 0, 278, 556 and 1111 kg NPK/ha for the mature (8 years and above) trees. For a given variety, each fertilizer rate was applied onto three representative trees per farmer, six farmers per district. Results showed that yields and net profits were highest for variety Hamlin, and nearly the same for varieties Washington and Valencia. Fertilizer application increased fruit yield and profits for both the 4 to 7-year and 8 and above-year-old trees, with highest yield and profitability values observed at 556 kg NPK/ha. These results suggest applying 556 kg NPK/ha to citrus per year as an optimum fertilizer rate for citrus production in Teso region. The fertilizer should be applied in smaller splits of 800, 600, and 600 grams per tree, applied in April, June, and August.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2021ZY62)the National Natural ScienceFoundation of China(31901337)the 5·5 Engineering Research&Innovation Team Project of Beijing Forestry University(BLRC2023C06).
文摘Eucalyptus urophylla×E.grandis is a major hybrid species of timber plantations.However,our under-standing of Eucalyptus mitochondrial genome,especially within the Myrtaceae family,is limited.In this study,we employed hybrid sequencing combining the Illumina and Oxford Nanopore sequencing to assemble and annotate the mitogenome(mtDNA)of E.urophylla×E.grandis.Our results reveal a structure characterized by one circular mol-ecule,with a cumulative length of 483,907 base pairs(bp)and a GC content of 44.96%.The circular molecule collec-tively harbored 59 annotated genes.Among these,38 were unique protein-coding genes(PCGs),accompanied by 18 transfer RNA(tRNA)genes and 3 ribosomal RNA(rRNA)genes.Our study also examined repetitive sequences,RNA editing sites,and intracellular sequence transfers within the mtDNA.Furthermore,we conducted a phylogenetic analy-sis between E.urophylla×E.grandis and 30 closely related species based on genetic affinities.The outcomes furnish a high-quality organelle genome for E.urophylla×E.grandis,thereby explaining basic insights into organelle genome evo-lution and phylogenetic relationships.
基金Supported by Key Scientific and Technological Program of Anhui Province (10010302001)
文摘[Objective] The study aimed to discuss the spatial changes of negative air ion concentration in Hefei City. [Method] Based on the observation of air ions, temperature, relative humidity, the spatial changes of negative air ion concentration in different districts of Hefei City were ana- lyzed firstly, then the correlation between negative air ion concentration and meteorological factors was discussed. [ Result] Air cleanliness index （CI） of the parks, residential areas, industrial regions, transport stations and prosperous commercial districts was 0.86, 0.53, 0.37, 0.26 and 0.17 respectively, and the latter two regions suffered mild and moderate pollution separately. Daily variations of negative air ion concentration in the residential areas and parks of Hefei City were obvious, showing U shape, that is, the maximum values appeared in the morning and evening, while the minimum values could be found around 14 ：（30. There was no distinctly regular variation of negative air ion concentration in the prosperous com- mercial districts, transport stations and industrial areas. In Hefei City, the concentration of negative air ions showed an increasing trend from the ur- ban districts to the suburban districts; it was obviously higher in the residential areas and parks with numerous plants and waters compared with the prosperous commercial districts and transport stations. Negative air ion concentration correlated with relative humidity positively and temperature negatively, so the main meteorological factors influencing the negative air ion concentration in Hefei City were temperature and relative humidity. [ Coedusloa] The research could provide scientific references for city planning and greenbelt construction in future.
基金Supported by Independent Subject of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Superior Timber Trees Resource Cultivation(2020-A-04-01)the Central Finance Demonstration Project for Promoting Forestry Science and Technology([2021]TG18)Big Data Mining Technology and Industrialization Application of Plantation Soil Environment in Guangxi(Guilin Chanye[2020]01).
文摘Soil is the basis of agricultural and forestry production,and it is of great significance to obtain soil information efficiently and comprehensively for soil management.Due to the complexity of soil organic components,it is difficult to obtain the information of soil organic components comprehensively by traditional chemical analysis method.As a non-destructive,real-time and high-throughput analysis method,mid infrared spectroscopy(MIR)has the ability to obtain soil organic environmental information efficiently and accurately.It can provide a large number of basic data for soil environmental monitoring,digital mapping,agricultural and forestry production,and help to realize the real-time monitoring of soil environment and the informatization of agriculture and forestry.In this paper,the detection process of MIR obtaining soil environmental spectral information and processing methods of spectral data were briefly introduced,and the research progress on extraction and influencing factors of mid infrared spectrum characteristics of soil in recent years was reviewed.Moreover,the significance and future development direction of soil science for the technology were discussed.
文摘The increase in global climate change incidents is a glaring indication that more pragmatic and direct approaches to tree and forest management are urgently needed.A study was conducted around Mount Elgon Uganda between June 2018 and December 2019.The objectives were to:i)determine the socio-economic characteristics of women and youth farmers engaged in agroforestry,ii)determine the relationship between women and youth farmers’characteristics in adoption of tree technologies and related decisions,and iii)assess the incentives,challenges and strategies for promoting agroforestry technologies’adoption in the region.Data were collected from 250 women and youths using focus group discussions,semi-structured,and key informant interviews.Results showed that engagements in agroforestry practices attracted largely(82%)of uneducated women and youths and basic methods and tools were used to farm.Up to 70%of women and youth relied on crop farming as a major source of income,earning about USD$250 perannum.Farm and family size were positively(P>0.0001)related to tree adoption decisions while farmer capacity building activities(such as training,farmer guided field tours,and participatory farmer trial’s establishments)and access to low-cost tree seedlings motivated their involvement in tree planting.Land scarcity,soil,water,and tree conservation issues and shortage of desired tree species affected the extent of tree growing in both women and youth-led households.The suggested strategies comprised strengthening farmer capacity-building programs and upholding soil and water conservation technologies.Agroforestry has the potential to address the challenges related to land scarcity and shortage of desired tree products in women and youth-led households around Mount Elgon.However,the women and youths involved in farming activities were generally poor,illiterate and faced issues of land insecurity.These factors,limited their full potential and interest in agroforestry.A significant increase in tree adoption rates by women and youths will be achieved with increased training on tree seed collection and pre-treatment,reforestation programs as well as tree pest and disease control.
文摘The role of soil moisture in the survival and growth of trees cannot be over-emphasized and it contributes to the net productivity of the forest. However, information on the spatial distribution of the soil moisture content regarding the tree volume in forest ecosystems especially in Nigeria is limited. Therefore, this study combined spatial and ground data to determine soil moisture distribution and tree volume in the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) forest, Ibadan. Satellite images of 1989, 1999, 2009 and 2019 were obtained and processed using topographic and vegetation-based models to examine the soil moisture status of the forest. Satellite-based soil moisture obtained was validated with ground soil moisture data collected in 2019. Tree growth variables were obtained for tree volume computation using Newton’s formular. Forest soil moisture models employed in this study include Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), Temperature Dryness Vegetation Index (TDVI) and Modified Normalized Difference Wetness Index (MNDWI). Relationships between index-based and ground base Soil Moisture Content (SMC), as well as the correlation between soil moisture and tree volume, were examined. The study revealed strong relationships between tree volume and TDVI, SMC, TWI with R<sup>2</sup> values of 0.91, 0.85, and 0.75, respectively. The regression values of 0.89 between in-situ soil data and TWI and 0.83 with TDVI ascertain the reliability of satellite data in soil moisture mapping. The decision of which index to apply between TWI and TDVI, therefore, depends on available data since both proved to be reliable. The TWI surface is considered to be a more suitable soil moisture prediction index, while MNDWI exhibited a weak relationship (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.03) with ground data. The strong relationships between soil moisture and tree volume suggest tree volume can be predicted based on available soil moisture content. Any slight undesirable change in soil moisture could lead to severe forest conditions.
文摘Amenity trees are an essential element of most urban communities,contributing significantly to human well-being and improving environmental quality.Good knowledge of the diversity and abundance of trees in our environment and their importance can help promote conservation,which is essential for sustainability.This study aimed at assessing the diversity and abundance of amenity trees on the premises of the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture(IITA),Ibadan Nigeria.The institute was divided into working and residential areas.The trees in the study area were identified using a walking and windshield survey.A total population of 2626 trees from 126 species and 42 families were identified on the premises of IITA.The highest tree population of 523 trees was recorded in the Tropical Crescent residential area with 321 trees of Lagerstroemia speciosa being the most frequent species.Across working and residential areas,Elaeis guineensis was the most frequent species accounting for 19.92%of the total tree population.A Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index(H’)of 3.383 and species evenness of 0.43 was obtained from the study area.The high values of diversity indices obtained indicate that IITA premises are rich in diverse tree species both indigenous and exotic hence should be referenced as a good urban landscape.The current management practices can be recommended for other institutions.
基金supported by Formas (2021–02155)T4F programs,Sweden,and Graduate Research School in Forest Genetics,Biotechnology and Breeding,UPSC,Sweden
文摘Effective breeding requires multiplying desired genotypes,keeping them at a convenient location to perform crosses more efficiently,and building orchards to generate material for reforestation.While some of these aims can be achieved by conventional grafting involving only rootstock and scion,topgrafting is known to deliver all in a shorter time span.In this study,Scots pine scions were grafted onto the upper and lower tree crowns in two clonal archives with the aim of inducing early female and male strobili produc-tion,respectively.Their survival rates and strobili production were analyzed with generalized linear mixed models.Sur-vival was low(14%)to moderate(41%),and mainly affected by the topgraft genotype,interstock genotype,crown posi-tion and weather conditions in connection with the grafting procedure.Survival was not affected by the cardinal position in the crown(south or north).Male flowering was ample three years after grafting and reached 56%in the first year among live scions,increasing to 62 and 59%in consecutive years.Female flowering was scarce and was 9%at first,later increasing to 26 and 20%of living scions but was strongly affected by the topgraft genotype.In one subset of scions,female flowering was observed 1 year after grafting.Overall,flowering success was mainly affected by the topgraft and interstock genotypes,and secondary growth of scions.This is one of few reports on topgrafting in functional Scots pine clonal archives.
文摘Three new records from Vietnam,Phlegmariurus guangdongensis Ching,Adiantum longzhouensis A.H.Wang,F.G.Wang&F.W.Xing,and Lepisorus bicolor Ching,are reported.The identification characteristics,information of specimen,and geographical distribution of the species are described.The discovery of new records not only enriches the study of plant diversity in Vietnam,but also provides important information for biodiversity conservation and botanical research in the region.The voucher specimens are kept in the Herbarium of Kunming Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences(KUN),Herbarium of Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences(PE)and Herbarium of Guangxi Forestry Research Institute(GXFI).
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region-Youth Science Fund Project(2022D01B175)Basic Research Business Special Projects of Public Welfare Research Institutes of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(KY2021037,KY2021038).
文摘[Objectives]To determine the potential habitat range of Caragana acanthophylla in Xinjiang.[Methods]The known distribution points of C.acanthophylla were used as samples,and a MaxEnt model was developed based on their climatic variables to identify key environmental factors affecting the potential habitats of C.acanthophylla through jackknife method and construction of a response relationship between representative variables and habitat suitability;the suitability of habitats for C.acanthophylla in Xinjiang was evaluated based on the output results of the model.[Results](i)The accuracy of the model verified by AUC curve was 0.971,indicating that the potential habitats of C.acanthophylla in Xinjiang predicted by MaxEnt model were highly credible.(ii)The optimum climatic characteristics for the distribution of C.acanthophylla in Xinjiang were:isothermality 18.8%-34%,minimum temperature of coldest month-30℃to-13℃,mean temperature of coldest quarter-18℃ to-4℃,annual precipitation 80-410 mm,precipitation of driest month 0-25 mm,precipitation of driest quarter 0-82 mm,and precipitation of coldest quarter 0-75 mm.(iii)The total potential distribution area of C.acanthophylla in Xinjiang was modeled to be 1.03×10^(5) km^(2),of which 8.54×10^(3)km^(2) was high suitability area,mainly in the front mountain belt of the north slope of Tianshan Mountain in Urumqi City,Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture,Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture,and Yili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture and the front mountain belt of Barluk Mountain in Tacheng Prefecture.[Conclusions]This study is of great significance for the future scientific management,regeneration,vegetation restoration and ecological protection of C.acanthophylla.
基金funded by National Key Research and development project(2022YFD2201001)Project for Applied TechnologyResearch and Development in Heilongjiang Province(GA19C006).
文摘To study the effect of thinning intensity on the carbon sequestration by natural mixed coniferous and broad-leaf forests in Xiaoxing’an Mountains,China,we established six 100 m×100 m experimental plots in Dongfanghong For-est that varied in thinning intensity:plot A(10%),B(15%),C(20%),D(25%),E(30%),F(35%),and the control sample area(0%).A principal component analysis was performed using 50 different variables,including species diversity,soil fertility,litter characteristics,canopy structure param-eters,and seedling regeneration parameters.The effects of thinning intensity on carbon sequestration were strongest in plot E(0.75),followed by D(0.63),F(0.50),C(0.48),B(0.22),A(0.11),and the control(0.06).The composite score of plot E was the highest,indicating that the carbon sequestration effect was strongest at a thinning intensity of 30%.These findings provide useful insights that could aid the management of natural mixed coniferous and broadleaf forests in Xiaoxing’an Mountains,China.This information has implications for future studies of these forests,and the methods used could aid future ecological assessments of the natural forests in Xiaoxing’an Mountains,China.
