A traditional belief widespread across the biomedical community was that dietary habits and genetic predisposition were the basic factors causing colorectal cancer.In more recent times,however,a growing evidence has s...A traditional belief widespread across the biomedical community was that dietary habits and genetic predisposition were the basic factors causing colorectal cancer.In more recent times,however,a growing evidence has shown that other determinants can be very important in increasing(or reducing) incidence of this malignancy.The hypothesis that environmental and occupational risk factors are associated with colorectal cancer is gaining ground,and high risks of colorectal cancer have been reported among workers in some industrial branches.The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiologic relationship between colorectal cancer and occupational exposures to several industrial activities,by means of a scientific literature review and meta-analysis.This work pointed out increased risks of colorectal cancer for labourers occupied in industries with a wide use of chemical compounds,such as leather(RR = 1.70,95%CI:1.24-2.34),basic metals(RR = 1.32,95%CI:1.07-1.65),plastic and rubber manufacturing(RR = 1.30,95%CI:0.98-1.71 and RR = 1.27,95%CI:0.92-1.76,respectively),besides workers in the sector of repair and installation of machinery exposed to asbestos(RR = 1.40,95%CI:1.07-1.84).Based on our results,the estimated crude excess risk fraction attributable to occupational exposure ranged from about 11% to about 15%.However,homogeneous pattern of association between colorectal cancer and industrial branches did not emerge from this review.展开更多
BACKGROUND The scientific literature provides evidence that nutritional ketosis can be an important support in the treatment of pathologies in which inflammation is present,as recent studies have shown that ketone bod...BACKGROUND The scientific literature provides evidence that nutritional ketosis can be an important support in the treatment of pathologies in which inflammation is present,as recent studies have shown that ketone bodies have anti-inflammatory activity in numerous diseases,including rheumatic diseases.We report the case of a 22-year-old woman with class I obesity and juvenile idiopathic arthritis who started treatment with a very low calorie ketogenic diet(VLCKD).CASE SUMMARY The patient was a 22-year-old woman diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis at age 4 years and with a body mass index(BMI)of 30.8 kg/m2,waist circumference(WC)80 cm,fat mass(FM)28.1 kg,free FM 45.7 kg,and visceral adipose tissue(VAT)3.5 kg,assessed on bioimpedance analysis.She was treated using a commercial VLCKD weight-loss program(PNK®method);this program provides high-biological-value protein preparations and natural foods.Each protein preparation contains 15 g protein,4 g carbohydrate,3 g fat,and 50 mg omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid,with an energy content of 90–120 kcal.After four months on the program,the BMI was 28.6 kg/m2,WC 73 cm,FM 23.2 kg,free FM 41.9 kg,and VAT 2.9 kg.CONCLUSION VLCKD enabled the patient to reach her target weight and to reduce her joint pain and headaches.Laboratory inflammatory indices also normalized.展开更多
This case reports on a 68-year-old man who was found dead in hospital next to his bed.Before this,he had been treated with intravenous antibiotics for pneumonia.The body was found with a peripheral venous catheter con...This case reports on a 68-year-old man who was found dead in hospital next to his bed.Before this,he had been treated with intravenous antibiotics for pneumonia.The body was found with a peripheral venous catheter connected to a nasal cannula delivering oxygen(O_(2))from the wall.Extensive medico-legal examinations were performed,including post-mortem computed tomography(CT),complete conventional autopsy,histological and immunohistochemistry analysis,toxicological analysis and post-mortem chemistry.Additionally,CT-guided gas sampling was performed at multiple sites to collect samples for gas analysis.During the external examination,massive subcutaneous emphysema was visible over the entire surface of the body.The CT scan revealed the presence of gas throughout the vascular system,and in the subcutaneous and muscular tissues.The autopsy confirmed the presence of lobar pneumonia and multiple gas bubbles in the vascular system.The gas analysis results showed a subnormal concentration of oxygen,confirming the suspected pure O_(2) embolism.Moreover,the carbon dioxide(CO_(2))concentration in the gas sample from the heart was elevated to a level similar to those found in scuba diving fatalities.This could come from degassing of dissolved CO_(2) that accumulated and was trapped in the cardiac cavity.Based on the results of the different exams performed,and especially the gas analysis results,it was concluded that the cause of death was O_(2) embolism.展开更多
Human and animal hairs have been used in forensic investigations for over a century.Hair is stable under adverse natural conditions;hence,it is often recovered at the crime scene,and it is necessary to determine wheth...Human and animal hairs have been used in forensic investigations for over a century.Hair is stable under adverse natural conditions;hence,it is often recovered at the crime scene,and it is necessary to determine whether the hair is of human or animal origin.Morphological and genetic characteristics are useful to differentiate human hair from animal hair.In the present study,we analyzed the distinguishing characteristics of hair of various species.In addition,we explore species identification by cytochrome c oxidase I mitochondrial gene analysis.We confirm that both the microscopic and molecular analyses of hairs are useful in forensic investigations.展开更多
文摘A traditional belief widespread across the biomedical community was that dietary habits and genetic predisposition were the basic factors causing colorectal cancer.In more recent times,however,a growing evidence has shown that other determinants can be very important in increasing(or reducing) incidence of this malignancy.The hypothesis that environmental and occupational risk factors are associated with colorectal cancer is gaining ground,and high risks of colorectal cancer have been reported among workers in some industrial branches.The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiologic relationship between colorectal cancer and occupational exposures to several industrial activities,by means of a scientific literature review and meta-analysis.This work pointed out increased risks of colorectal cancer for labourers occupied in industries with a wide use of chemical compounds,such as leather(RR = 1.70,95%CI:1.24-2.34),basic metals(RR = 1.32,95%CI:1.07-1.65),plastic and rubber manufacturing(RR = 1.30,95%CI:0.98-1.71 and RR = 1.27,95%CI:0.92-1.76,respectively),besides workers in the sector of repair and installation of machinery exposed to asbestos(RR = 1.40,95%CI:1.07-1.84).Based on our results,the estimated crude excess risk fraction attributable to occupational exposure ranged from about 11% to about 15%.However,homogeneous pattern of association between colorectal cancer and industrial branches did not emerge from this review.
文摘BACKGROUND The scientific literature provides evidence that nutritional ketosis can be an important support in the treatment of pathologies in which inflammation is present,as recent studies have shown that ketone bodies have anti-inflammatory activity in numerous diseases,including rheumatic diseases.We report the case of a 22-year-old woman with class I obesity and juvenile idiopathic arthritis who started treatment with a very low calorie ketogenic diet(VLCKD).CASE SUMMARY The patient was a 22-year-old woman diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis at age 4 years and with a body mass index(BMI)of 30.8 kg/m2,waist circumference(WC)80 cm,fat mass(FM)28.1 kg,free FM 45.7 kg,and visceral adipose tissue(VAT)3.5 kg,assessed on bioimpedance analysis.She was treated using a commercial VLCKD weight-loss program(PNK®method);this program provides high-biological-value protein preparations and natural foods.Each protein preparation contains 15 g protein,4 g carbohydrate,3 g fat,and 50 mg omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid,with an energy content of 90–120 kcal.After four months on the program,the BMI was 28.6 kg/m2,WC 73 cm,FM 23.2 kg,free FM 41.9 kg,and VAT 2.9 kg.CONCLUSION VLCKD enabled the patient to reach her target weight and to reduce her joint pain and headaches.Laboratory inflammatory indices also normalized.
文摘This case reports on a 68-year-old man who was found dead in hospital next to his bed.Before this,he had been treated with intravenous antibiotics for pneumonia.The body was found with a peripheral venous catheter connected to a nasal cannula delivering oxygen(O_(2))from the wall.Extensive medico-legal examinations were performed,including post-mortem computed tomography(CT),complete conventional autopsy,histological and immunohistochemistry analysis,toxicological analysis and post-mortem chemistry.Additionally,CT-guided gas sampling was performed at multiple sites to collect samples for gas analysis.During the external examination,massive subcutaneous emphysema was visible over the entire surface of the body.The CT scan revealed the presence of gas throughout the vascular system,and in the subcutaneous and muscular tissues.The autopsy confirmed the presence of lobar pneumonia and multiple gas bubbles in the vascular system.The gas analysis results showed a subnormal concentration of oxygen,confirming the suspected pure O_(2) embolism.Moreover,the carbon dioxide(CO_(2))concentration in the gas sample from the heart was elevated to a level similar to those found in scuba diving fatalities.This could come from degassing of dissolved CO_(2) that accumulated and was trapped in the cardiac cavity.Based on the results of the different exams performed,and especially the gas analysis results,it was concluded that the cause of death was O_(2) embolism.
文摘Human and animal hairs have been used in forensic investigations for over a century.Hair is stable under adverse natural conditions;hence,it is often recovered at the crime scene,and it is necessary to determine whether the hair is of human or animal origin.Morphological and genetic characteristics are useful to differentiate human hair from animal hair.In the present study,we analyzed the distinguishing characteristics of hair of various species.In addition,we explore species identification by cytochrome c oxidase I mitochondrial gene analysis.We confirm that both the microscopic and molecular analyses of hairs are useful in forensic investigations.
