Mercury is an important pollutant,released into aquatic ecosystems both naturally and by anthropogenic action.This element is transferred to aquatic organisms in different ways,causing potential health risks.In additi...Mercury is an important pollutant,released into aquatic ecosystems both naturally and by anthropogenic action.This element is transferred to aquatic organisms in different ways,causing potential health risks.In addition,mercury can be accumulated by humans,especially through the consumption of contaminated food.This systematic review aims to present mercury pathways,the major routes through which this element reaches the aquatic environment and its transformations until becoming available to living animals,leading to bioaccumulation and biomagnification phenomena.The key biotic and abiotic factors affecting such processes,the impact of mercury on animal and human health and the issue of seafood consumption as a source of chronic mercury contamination are also addressed.A total of 101 articles were retrieved from a standardized search on three databases(PubMed,Emabse,and Web of Science),in addition to 28 other studies not found on these databases but considered fundamental to this review(totaling 129 articles).Both biotic and abiotic factors display fundamental importance in mediating mercurial dynamics,i.e.,muscle tropism,and salinity,respectively.Consequently,mercurial contamination in aquatic environments affects animal health,especially the risk of extinction species and also on human health,with methylmercury the main mercury species responsible for acute and chronic symptomatology.展开更多
Microwave,as a new heat treatment technology,has the characteristics of uniform and fast heating speed.It is an energy-saving technology known for improving oilseed product quality.Its efficiency mainly depends on the...Microwave,as a new heat treatment technology,has the characteristics of uniform and fast heating speed.It is an energy-saving technology known for improving oilseed product quality.Its efficiency mainly depends on the roasting power and time.However,the production of high-quality peanut butter using short-time roasting con-ditions are limited.Herein,we determined an appropriate microwave roasting power and time for peanuts and evaluated its impacts on the quality of peanut butter.Different roasting powers(400 W,800 W and 1200 W)and times(4,4.5,5,and 5.5 min)were preliminarily tested.Among them,800 W at 5 min was the most suitable.The roasting efficiency was further evaluated using color,sensory,bioactive compounds,storage stability,and safety risk factors of peanut butter produced from four peanut cultivars(Silihong,Baisha-1016,Yuanza-9102,and Yuhua-9414).The pre-treated butter obtained from three cultivars(Silihong,Yuanza-9102,and Yuhua-9414)with moisture content between 5%and 7.2%had a similar sensory score(6-7)as the commercial on a 9-point hedonic scale compare to the other.The color of the pre-treated peanut butter varies statistically with the commercial but remained in the recommended range of Hunter L*values of 51-52,respectively,for high initial moisture peanut cultivars.The total polyphenol(35.20-31.59±0.59μmol GAE/g)and tocopherol(19.05±0.35 mg/100 g)content in the butter obtained from three cultivars(Yuahua-9102,Yuhua,and Baisha-1016)and Silihong respectively,were significantly(P<0.05)higher than those in the commercial butter.The induction times of all pre-treated butter(19.80±0.99-7.84±0.07 h)were significantly(P<0.05)longer during storage at accelerated temperature than commercial samples.In addition,no benzo[a]pyrene was found in the pre-treated samples.Collectively,the microwave pretreated peanut butter was superior to the commercial one.These findings provided data support and a reference basis to promote microwave use for peanut butter production.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gluten is a complex mixture of proteins with immunogenic peptide sequences triggering the autoimmune activity in patients with celiac disease(CeD).Gluten immunogenic peptides(GIP)are resistant to gastrointe...BACKGROUND Gluten is a complex mixture of proteins with immunogenic peptide sequences triggering the autoimmune activity in patients with celiac disease(CeD).Gluten immunogenic peptides(GIP)are resistant to gastrointestinal digestion and are then excreted via the stool and urine.Most common detection methods applied in the follow-up visits for CeD patients such as serology tests,dietetic interviews,questionnaires,and duodenal biopsy have been proved to be inefficient,invasive,or inaccurate for evaluating gluten-free diet(GFD)compliance.Determination of excreted GIP in stool and urine has been developed as a non-invasive,direct,and specific test for GFD monitoring.AIM To summarize published literature about the clinical utility of GIP determination in comparison to the tools employed for GFD monitoring.METHODS PubMed and Web of Science searches were performed using the keywords“gluten immunogenic peptides”or“gluten immunogenic peptide”and a combination of the previous terms with“feces”,“stools”,“urine”,“celiac disease”,“gluten-free diet”,and“adherence”to identify relevant clinical studies published in English and Spanish between 2012 to January 2021.Reference lists from the articles were reviewed to identify additional pertinent articles.Published articles and abstracts reporting the clinical use of GIP determination in stool and/or urine for the follow-up of patients with CeD in comparison with other tools in use were included.Case reports,commentaries,reviews,conference papers,letters,and publications that did not focus on the aims of this review were excluded.RESULTS Total of 15 publications were found that involved the use of GIP determination in stool and/or urine to monitor the adherence to the GFD in comparison to other tools.Studies included both children and adults diagnosed with CeD and healthy volunteers.Overall,these preliminary studies indicated that this novel technique was highly sensitive for the detection of GFD transgressions and therefore could facilitate the follow-up of patients with CeD.Tools identified in this work included the CeD-specific serology,dietetic questionnaires,symptomatology,and the duodenal biopsy.Review of the literature revealed that the rates of GFD adherence may vary between 30%-93%using either stool or urine GIP determination,49%-96%by the serology,59%-94%using the dietetic questionnaires,56%-95%by the reported symptoms and 44%-76%with the duodenal biopsy.In addition,the association between the different methods and histological abnormalities(Marsh II-III)was found to be 33%-100%for GIP determination(stool and urine),25%-39%for CeD-specific serology,3%-50%for dietetic questionnaires,and 22%-28%for the symptomatology.CONCLUSION Excreted GIP detection is the precise approach for determining voluntary or involuntary gluten consumption in CeD patients preventing future complications arising from gluten exposure.展开更多
Melamine,a nitrogen-rich chemical,has received much attention in recent years due to a series of highly publicized food safety incidents,including 2007 pet food recalls in North America and 2008 melamine contamination...Melamine,a nitrogen-rich chemical,has received much attention in recent years due to a series of highly publicized food safety incidents,including 2007 pet food recalls in North America and 2008 melamine contamination in milk,infant formula,and other milkderived products in China.Current analytical methods for testing melamine are time-consuming,expensive,and labor-intensive.Therefore,there is an increasing interest in the food science and analytical chemistry field to develop simple,quick,sensitive,and cost-effective methods for detection of melamine and its analogues(e.g.,cyanuric acid,melamine cyanurate,ammelide,and ammeline)in food ingredients,processed food,and animal feed.This review aims to summarize traditional and novel analytical techniques that have been used or show great potential to detect,characterize,and quantify melamine and its analogues in foods and animal feed.展开更多
The breeding of stingless bees, known as meliponiculture, can be found throughout the world, and is closely linked tothe history of the first human communities in the Americas. This activity provides products of indus...The breeding of stingless bees, known as meliponiculture, can be found throughout the world, and is closely linked tothe history of the first human communities in the Americas. This activity provides products of industrial interest (food,cosmetics, pharmaceuticals), and among them propolis stands out. This matrix is a resinous material but being difficultto classify and conceptualize due to its variability according to the environment and producing species. The propolisproduced by these bees is a source of compounds with nutritional and functional potential, but the main interestis focused on the phenolic compounds. This potential makes propolis a product that can be used in the prospectionof new molecules with antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. Thus, the scientific literature describes propolis activity(generally extracts) against bacteria and fungi, but with a higher microbicidal activity against gram-positive bacteria.The high antioxidant activity of this bee product is a consequence of the presence of several phenolic compounds.The use of propolis from SBP (Stingless bee propolis) is still quite limited, generally restricted to its antioxidant potential, but studies with application in other sectors can benefit this productive sector, as with the propolis produced bythe bee Apis mellifera. This work presents and discusses the composition of stingless bee propolis and its consequentbiological activities, as well as its potential applications in the food industry.展开更多
Stingless bees(SLB)are insects bread many centuries ago by indigenous people and more than 500 species have already been described.Interest in SLB’s propolis has grown as a way to value and preserve native bees,in ad...Stingless bees(SLB)are insects bread many centuries ago by indigenous people and more than 500 species have already been described.Interest in SLB’s propolis has grown as a way to value and preserve native bees,in addition to investigating/prospecting compounds with biological functionality(antimicrobial activity,antioxidant,etc.).The natural active compounds found in propolis come from different plant sources,and consequently,each propolis may show unique biological/pharmacological activity.There is still an important gap about the profile of chemical compounds,biological and pharmacological potential of propolis produced by SLBs.This work aimed to investigate the presence of phenolic and coumaric compounds(HPLC-DAD-FLD)and the antimicrobial activity(microdilution method)of propolis extracts from five different species of SLB reared in different places.The samples from Melipona quadrifasciata(82.05 mgGAEg^(−1))and one from,Frieseomelitta doederleini(56.22 mgGAEg^(−1))showed the highest concentrations of phenolic compounds.It was possible to identify in the propolis samples formononetin,kaempferol,gallic acid and coumarin.Resveratrol was detected in all samples,an unprecedent fact for SLB propolis.Candida albicans was susceptible to all tested extracts,while Escherichia coli was inhibited only by propolis from Melipona quadrifas-ciata;Enterococcus faecalis was inhibited by propolis from Plebeiadroryana.,Melipona quadrifasciata and Frieseomelitta doederleini.It was verified that SLB propolis constitutes a source of different biocompounds,which varies according to the location where the bees are raised,and has mainly antifungal activity,generating possibilities of its use in different biotechnological products.展开更多
The physical,chemical and sensory characteristics of pollen and honey from stingless bees(SLB)are quite different when compared to those produced by Apis mellifera.Meliponine honey has a high moisture content(23-37.5%...The physical,chemical and sensory characteristics of pollen and honey from stingless bees(SLB)are quite different when compared to those produced by Apis mellifera.Meliponine honey has a high moisture content(23-37.5%);reducing sugars(12.65-77.11%);and total acidity(11.23 to 124.2 mEq kg-1).Pollen also has fiber(0.87-13.65%);a high moisture content(23-53.93%);lipids(1.8-10.81%)and proteins(8-37.63%).The presence of yeasts,fungi and bacteria can be observed through fermentation(ethanolic and acid)that occurs during the maturation of pollen and honey from stingless bees.Among the microorganisms most associated with stingless bees are yeasts:Pichia,Zygosaccha-romyces,Starmerella,Metschnikowia,Candida,Debaryomyces,Dekkera and Kloeckera;bacteria:Streptomyces,Bifidobac-terium,Lactobacillus,Streptococcus,Neisseria,Bacillus,Ralstonia,Staphylococcus,Enterobacter,Lysinibacillus Pantoea,Fructobacillus Pseudomonas,and Clostridium;and fungal filaments Aspergillus,Talaromyces and Penicillium.This review corroborates the differences that exist in the physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of stingless bee products and honeybee(Apis melifera)products.These differences not only challenge established standards of quality and identity in apicultural products but also pave the way for new perspectives in biotechnology and nutrition,as well as for new bioactive compounds.The unique properties of pollen and honey from Meliponini,such as high moisture content,acidity,and microbial diversity,can be a distinguishing factor that enhances their applications in various technological fields.The valorization of these unique characteristics may stimulate the creation of specific standards for these products and promote the sustainable use of stingless bee biodiversity.展开更多
基金the financial support provided by the Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro-Brasil(FAPERJ),grant number E-26/203.049/2017the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico-Brasil(CNPq),grant number 311422/2016-0the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior-Brasil(CAPES)-Finance Code 001,for Paloma Rodrigues’s scholarship
文摘Mercury is an important pollutant,released into aquatic ecosystems both naturally and by anthropogenic action.This element is transferred to aquatic organisms in different ways,causing potential health risks.In addition,mercury can be accumulated by humans,especially through the consumption of contaminated food.This systematic review aims to present mercury pathways,the major routes through which this element reaches the aquatic environment and its transformations until becoming available to living animals,leading to bioaccumulation and biomagnification phenomena.The key biotic and abiotic factors affecting such processes,the impact of mercury on animal and human health and the issue of seafood consumption as a source of chronic mercury contamination are also addressed.A total of 101 articles were retrieved from a standardized search on three databases(PubMed,Emabse,and Web of Science),in addition to 28 other studies not found on these databases but considered fundamental to this review(totaling 129 articles).Both biotic and abiotic factors display fundamental importance in mediating mercurial dynamics,i.e.,muscle tropism,and salinity,respectively.Consequently,mercurial contamination in aquatic environments affects animal health,especially the risk of extinction species and also on human health,with methylmercury the main mercury species responsible for acute and chronic symptomatology.
基金Key Research Projects of Hubei Province(2020BBA045)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS-ASTIP-2016-OCRI)。
文摘Microwave,as a new heat treatment technology,has the characteristics of uniform and fast heating speed.It is an energy-saving technology known for improving oilseed product quality.Its efficiency mainly depends on the roasting power and time.However,the production of high-quality peanut butter using short-time roasting con-ditions are limited.Herein,we determined an appropriate microwave roasting power and time for peanuts and evaluated its impacts on the quality of peanut butter.Different roasting powers(400 W,800 W and 1200 W)and times(4,4.5,5,and 5.5 min)were preliminarily tested.Among them,800 W at 5 min was the most suitable.The roasting efficiency was further evaluated using color,sensory,bioactive compounds,storage stability,and safety risk factors of peanut butter produced from four peanut cultivars(Silihong,Baisha-1016,Yuanza-9102,and Yuhua-9414).The pre-treated butter obtained from three cultivars(Silihong,Yuanza-9102,and Yuhua-9414)with moisture content between 5%and 7.2%had a similar sensory score(6-7)as the commercial on a 9-point hedonic scale compare to the other.The color of the pre-treated peanut butter varies statistically with the commercial but remained in the recommended range of Hunter L*values of 51-52,respectively,for high initial moisture peanut cultivars.The total polyphenol(35.20-31.59±0.59μmol GAE/g)and tocopherol(19.05±0.35 mg/100 g)content in the butter obtained from three cultivars(Yuahua-9102,Yuhua,and Baisha-1016)and Silihong respectively,were significantly(P<0.05)higher than those in the commercial butter.The induction times of all pre-treated butter(19.80±0.99-7.84±0.07 h)were significantly(P<0.05)longer during storage at accelerated temperature than commercial samples.In addition,no benzo[a]pyrene was found in the pre-treated samples.Collectively,the microwave pretreated peanut butter was superior to the commercial one.These findings provided data support and a reference basis to promote microwave use for peanut butter production.
基金Supported by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación,No.DI-16-08943 and No.DI-17-09627.
文摘BACKGROUND Gluten is a complex mixture of proteins with immunogenic peptide sequences triggering the autoimmune activity in patients with celiac disease(CeD).Gluten immunogenic peptides(GIP)are resistant to gastrointestinal digestion and are then excreted via the stool and urine.Most common detection methods applied in the follow-up visits for CeD patients such as serology tests,dietetic interviews,questionnaires,and duodenal biopsy have been proved to be inefficient,invasive,or inaccurate for evaluating gluten-free diet(GFD)compliance.Determination of excreted GIP in stool and urine has been developed as a non-invasive,direct,and specific test for GFD monitoring.AIM To summarize published literature about the clinical utility of GIP determination in comparison to the tools employed for GFD monitoring.METHODS PubMed and Web of Science searches were performed using the keywords“gluten immunogenic peptides”or“gluten immunogenic peptide”and a combination of the previous terms with“feces”,“stools”,“urine”,“celiac disease”,“gluten-free diet”,and“adherence”to identify relevant clinical studies published in English and Spanish between 2012 to January 2021.Reference lists from the articles were reviewed to identify additional pertinent articles.Published articles and abstracts reporting the clinical use of GIP determination in stool and/or urine for the follow-up of patients with CeD in comparison with other tools in use were included.Case reports,commentaries,reviews,conference papers,letters,and publications that did not focus on the aims of this review were excluded.RESULTS Total of 15 publications were found that involved the use of GIP determination in stool and/or urine to monitor the adherence to the GFD in comparison to other tools.Studies included both children and adults diagnosed with CeD and healthy volunteers.Overall,these preliminary studies indicated that this novel technique was highly sensitive for the detection of GFD transgressions and therefore could facilitate the follow-up of patients with CeD.Tools identified in this work included the CeD-specific serology,dietetic questionnaires,symptomatology,and the duodenal biopsy.Review of the literature revealed that the rates of GFD adherence may vary between 30%-93%using either stool or urine GIP determination,49%-96%by the serology,59%-94%using the dietetic questionnaires,56%-95%by the reported symptoms and 44%-76%with the duodenal biopsy.In addition,the association between the different methods and histological abnormalities(Marsh II-III)was found to be 33%-100%for GIP determination(stool and urine),25%-39%for CeD-specific serology,3%-50%for dietetic questionnaires,and 22%-28%for the symptomatology.CONCLUSION Excreted GIP detection is the precise approach for determining voluntary or involuntary gluten consumption in CeD patients preventing future complications arising from gluten exposure.
文摘Melamine,a nitrogen-rich chemical,has received much attention in recent years due to a series of highly publicized food safety incidents,including 2007 pet food recalls in North America and 2008 melamine contamination in milk,infant formula,and other milkderived products in China.Current analytical methods for testing melamine are time-consuming,expensive,and labor-intensive.Therefore,there is an increasing interest in the food science and analytical chemistry field to develop simple,quick,sensitive,and cost-effective methods for detection of melamine and its analogues(e.g.,cyanuric acid,melamine cyanurate,ammelide,and ammeline)in food ingredients,processed food,and animal feed.This review aims to summarize traditional and novel analytical techniques that have been used or show great potential to detect,characterize,and quantify melamine and its analogues in foods and animal feed.
基金VMR was a Master fellow from Bahia State Research Support Foundation(FAPESB-N°BOL0380/2021)RDP,COS and MAUG(313350/2019-1,313641/2019-6 and 304747/2020-3,respectively)are Technological Development fellows from CNPq.
文摘The breeding of stingless bees, known as meliponiculture, can be found throughout the world, and is closely linked tothe history of the first human communities in the Americas. This activity provides products of industrial interest (food,cosmetics, pharmaceuticals), and among them propolis stands out. This matrix is a resinous material but being difficultto classify and conceptualize due to its variability according to the environment and producing species. The propolisproduced by these bees is a source of compounds with nutritional and functional potential, but the main interestis focused on the phenolic compounds. This potential makes propolis a product that can be used in the prospectionof new molecules with antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. Thus, the scientific literature describes propolis activity(generally extracts) against bacteria and fungi, but with a higher microbicidal activity against gram-positive bacteria.The high antioxidant activity of this bee product is a consequence of the presence of several phenolic compounds.The use of propolis from SBP (Stingless bee propolis) is still quite limited, generally restricted to its antioxidant potential, but studies with application in other sectors can benefit this productive sector, as with the propolis produced bythe bee Apis mellifera. This work presents and discusses the composition of stingless bee propolis and its consequentbiological activities, as well as its potential applications in the food industry.
文摘Stingless bees(SLB)are insects bread many centuries ago by indigenous people and more than 500 species have already been described.Interest in SLB’s propolis has grown as a way to value and preserve native bees,in addition to investigating/prospecting compounds with biological functionality(antimicrobial activity,antioxidant,etc.).The natural active compounds found in propolis come from different plant sources,and consequently,each propolis may show unique biological/pharmacological activity.There is still an important gap about the profile of chemical compounds,biological and pharmacological potential of propolis produced by SLBs.This work aimed to investigate the presence of phenolic and coumaric compounds(HPLC-DAD-FLD)and the antimicrobial activity(microdilution method)of propolis extracts from five different species of SLB reared in different places.The samples from Melipona quadrifasciata(82.05 mgGAEg^(−1))and one from,Frieseomelitta doederleini(56.22 mgGAEg^(−1))showed the highest concentrations of phenolic compounds.It was possible to identify in the propolis samples formononetin,kaempferol,gallic acid and coumarin.Resveratrol was detected in all samples,an unprecedent fact for SLB propolis.Candida albicans was susceptible to all tested extracts,while Escherichia coli was inhibited only by propolis from Melipona quadrifas-ciata;Enterococcus faecalis was inhibited by propolis from Plebeiadroryana.,Melipona quadrifasciata and Frieseomelitta doederleini.It was verified that SLB propolis constitutes a source of different biocompounds,which varies according to the location where the bees are raised,and has mainly antifungal activity,generating possibilities of its use in different biotechnological products.
文摘The physical,chemical and sensory characteristics of pollen and honey from stingless bees(SLB)are quite different when compared to those produced by Apis mellifera.Meliponine honey has a high moisture content(23-37.5%);reducing sugars(12.65-77.11%);and total acidity(11.23 to 124.2 mEq kg-1).Pollen also has fiber(0.87-13.65%);a high moisture content(23-53.93%);lipids(1.8-10.81%)and proteins(8-37.63%).The presence of yeasts,fungi and bacteria can be observed through fermentation(ethanolic and acid)that occurs during the maturation of pollen and honey from stingless bees.Among the microorganisms most associated with stingless bees are yeasts:Pichia,Zygosaccha-romyces,Starmerella,Metschnikowia,Candida,Debaryomyces,Dekkera and Kloeckera;bacteria:Streptomyces,Bifidobac-terium,Lactobacillus,Streptococcus,Neisseria,Bacillus,Ralstonia,Staphylococcus,Enterobacter,Lysinibacillus Pantoea,Fructobacillus Pseudomonas,and Clostridium;and fungal filaments Aspergillus,Talaromyces and Penicillium.This review corroborates the differences that exist in the physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of stingless bee products and honeybee(Apis melifera)products.These differences not only challenge established standards of quality and identity in apicultural products but also pave the way for new perspectives in biotechnology and nutrition,as well as for new bioactive compounds.The unique properties of pollen and honey from Meliponini,such as high moisture content,acidity,and microbial diversity,can be a distinguishing factor that enhances their applications in various technological fields.The valorization of these unique characteristics may stimulate the creation of specific standards for these products and promote the sustainable use of stingless bee biodiversity.
