Morocco's oat sector is shifting from forage to food,creating demand for varieties with proven processing performance.We profiled nine Moroccan oats(four parental lines,four interspecific derivatives,and one hull-...Morocco's oat sector is shifting from forage to food,creating demand for varieties with proven processing performance.We profiled nine Moroccan oats(four parental lines,four interspecific derivatives,and one hull-less diploid check)against the key drivers of functionality:β-glucan,hydration metrics(WAI,WSI,swelling power),interfacial metrics(foam capacity/stability,emulsion capacity/stability),and kernel geometry(thousand-kernel weight/width),using SEM to interpret microstructure.Varietal differences were pronounced and actionable.The A.sativa×A.magna derivative Hamdali showed fast wetting(low WAI),strong foaming(highest FS),and high emulsion capacity.These traits make it suitable for oat drinks and large,crack-free flakes.The A.sativa×A.murphyi descendants Al Fawze and Abtah exhibited restrained swelling(lower SP)and moderate WAI/WSI,favoring crisp snacks,biscuits,and pasta;Abtah additionally delivered high emulsion stability suitable for shelf-stable beverages.Amlal and Nezha offered balanced,steerable profiles.Linkingβ-glucan,hydration,and interfacial behavior to kernel traits provides a variety-to-application map for Moroccan oats.We recommend Hamdali/Niema for foamed beverages/flakes;Tissir/Soualem for porridges and thick beverages;Abtah for pasta and stable emulsions;Al Fawze for crisp snacks/biscuits.展开更多
Alzheimer's disease(AD)is a serious disease associated with cognitive impairment,and synaptic loss and amyloid-beta(Aβ)deposition are closely related to its pathogenesis.D ocosahexaenoic acid(DHA)has been reporte...Alzheimer's disease(AD)is a serious disease associated with cognitive impairment,and synaptic loss and amyloid-beta(Aβ)deposition are closely related to its pathogenesis.D ocosahexaenoic acid(DHA)has been reported to alter the cognitive impairment associated with aging and reduce the risk of long-term development of AD.However,the effects of Aβon synapses and whether DHA has a protective effect on synapses remain unclear.In this study,APPSwe/PSEN1d E9 transgenic and wild type mice were used as experimental subjects to explore the effect of DHA on synaptic structure and function damaged by Aβ.Results showed that a large amount of Aβwas deposited in the brain of AD mice,and DHA intervention decreased the Aβdeposition(P<0.05).DHA decreased the apoptosis of nerve cells and the oxidative stress level induced by Aβ(P<0.01).Transmission electron microscopy results showed that DHA improved the synaptic structure and number,and the expression of synaptophysin was significantly upregulated by DHA(P<0.01).Besides,neurotransmitter release was regulated after DHA intervention,including the decreased Glu level and increasedγ-aminobutyric acid level,as well as the activity of ATPase was also increased by DHA.Importantly,the phosphorylation levels of tyrosine kinase B(Trk B),phospholipase C-gamma-1,calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II,extracellular regulated protein kinases(ERK1/2),and c AMP-response element binding protein(CREB)were upregulated by DHA(P<0.01).These data indicated that DHA could improve synaptic structure and function through the Trk B-Erk1/2-CREB pathway,thus playing a positive role in the pathological process of AD.展开更多
Advanced glycation endproducts(AGEs) have been recognized as hazards in processed foods that can induce chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and diabetic nephropathy. In this study, we investigat...Advanced glycation endproducts(AGEs) have been recognized as hazards in processed foods that can induce chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and diabetic nephropathy. In this study, we investigated the AGEs contents of 35 types of industrial seafood products that are consumed frequently in eastern China. Total fluorescent AGEs level and Nε-carboxymethyl-lysine(CML) content were evaluated by fluorescence spectrophotometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS), respectively. The level of total fluorescent AGEs in seafood samples ranged from 39.37 to 1178.3 AU, and was higher in canned and packaged instant aquatic products that were processed at high temperatures. The CML content in seafood samples ranged from 44.8 to 439.1 mg per kg dried sample, and was higher in roasted seafood samples. The total fluorescent AGEs and CML content increased when seafood underwent high-temperature processing, but did not show an obvious correlation. The present study suggested that commonly consumed seafood contains different levels of AGEs, and the seafood processed at high temperatures always displays a high level of either AGEs or CML.展开更多
In order to screen the antioxidant capacity of commonly consumed indigenous foods of tropical region, vegetables, fruits, tea, oil seeds, legumes, spices and cereal were analyzed. Among the vegetables, green chili sho...In order to screen the antioxidant capacity of commonly consumed indigenous foods of tropical region, vegetables, fruits, tea, oil seeds, legumes, spices and cereal were analyzed. Among the vegetables, green chili showed the highest total oxygen radical absorbance capacity （ORACFL） and lipophilic ORAC （L-ORACFL）; whereas, bean showed highest hydrophilic ORAC （H-ORACFL） content. The H-ORACFL of vegetable samples varied between 2.26 to 23.08 ~tmol of Trolox equivalent （TE）/g of fresh weight （FW） and L-ORACFL content widely varied from 0.20 （sweet pumpkin） to 16.95 （green chili）. The range of H-ORACFL values of fruits showed large variation （0.45-178 Ixmol of TE/g FW）. All four different types of tea showed high H-ORACFL （1,295.84-2,709.11 lamol of TE/g）, in contrast to negligible amount of L-ORACFL. In legumes, H-ORACFL content ranged from 16.22 to 140.54; whereas, L-ORACFL ranged from 4.43 to 25.78. Porso millets showed higher L-ORACFL value （19.4） as compared to H-ORACFL （0.8）. In case of spices, L-ORACFL content varied from 29.75 ± 0.00 to 1,575.24 ± 39.63, which is considerably higher as compared to H-ORACFL （61.68 ± 1.71 to 272.82± 1.05） content. Comparatively, spices showed much higher H-ORACFL values as compared to fruits analyzed. In case of selective vegetables, fruits and tea samples, the total phenol content was highly correlated with the H-ORACFL content.展开更多
Objective:To study anxiolytic property of hydro alchohol extract and to estimate polyphenols present in the extract by HPLC.Methods:To evaluate anxiolytic properly two animal models were used viz.Elevated T maze and h...Objective:To study anxiolytic property of hydro alchohol extract and to estimate polyphenols present in the extract by HPLC.Methods:To evaluate anxiolytic properly two animal models were used viz.Elevated T maze and hyponeophagia.Diazepam(1 mg/kg body wt.) served as the standard anxiolvtic agent for all the tests.The dried extract of the plant leaf in doses of 100.200 and 400 mg/kg body weight was administered orally to mice for duration of 1? or 30 days and locomotor and anxiolytic activities were performed.Polyphenols was estimated using HPLC. Results:The HPLC analysis of the polyphenols revealed the presence chlorogenic acid,vanillin, epicatechin,caffeic acid,rutin hydrate,sinapic acid,quercetin-3-rhamnoside.p-coumeric acid and quercitin.Time spent and number of entries into the open arm was improved in 30 days treated animals than that of 15 days treated groups,200 and 400 mg/kg body weight treated group showed significant results when comparing with the control group.Conclusions:Te hydro alcohol extract rich in Polyphenols and other secondary metabolites is a potent anxiolytic agent.展开更多
Development of food service institution has been initiated by industrialization and has grown rapidly over the last half century. Institutional Food Service includes planning, preparation, distribution and supply of f...Development of food service institution has been initiated by industrialization and has grown rapidly over the last half century. Institutional Food Service includes planning, preparation, distribution and supply of foods outside home. Consumer perceptions towards institutional foods are influenced by marketing, advertising and lifestyle changes. Food service systems/catering units promote new processing methods and bulk packaging of food to conquer problems like skilled labour shortage and reduce the operation cost. This review emphasize on the evolution of food services (vending, industrial food services, school lunch, hospital etc.) and its importance. It also highlights the attributes for making institutional foods more acceptable for consumers and their role of human engineering.展开更多
In the present study, a novel non radioactive digoxigenen labelled PCR-DNA probe was developed targeting nor-1 gene to assess the contamination of aflatoxigenic Aspergillus species in food grain samples from Southern ...In the present study, a novel non radioactive digoxigenen labelled PCR-DNA probe was developed targeting nor-1 gene to assess the contamination of aflatoxigenic Aspergillus species in food grain samples from Southern parts of India. The sensitivity of developed PCR-DNA probe was determined to be 10 pg of genomic DNA and 1 pg of purified PCR product. The specificity of the DNA probe was validated by testing against an array of Aspergillus, Fusarium and Penicillium spp. A total of 89 Aspergillus isolates were recovered from 152 grain samples of maize, paddy, and groundnut. Among them, maize had the highest (90%) incidence of toxigenic Aspergillus species. When developed PCR-DNA probe was evaluated onto pure cultures of toxigenic and nontoxigenic Aspergillus species, 60 samples were positive for the nor-1 gene probe. DNA probe results unequivocally matched with the HPLC analysis. In conclusion, the novel PCR-DNA probe developed in this study may find its application in rapid detection of aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus isolates from contaminated cereal grains.展开更多
Microalgae are a potential source for various valuable chemicals for commercial applications ranging from nutraceuticals to fuels. This review aims to focus on microalgal as preservative potential to food chain. The m...Microalgae are a potential source for various valuable chemicals for commercial applications ranging from nutraceuticals to fuels. This review aims to focus on microalgal as preservative potential to food chain. The main compounds responsible for these properties, like carotenoids, phenolic compounds, antioxidant vitamins, sterols and polyunsaturated fatty acids are discussed because microalgae can be cultivated under controlled conditions to improve their production. We have listed several studies performed in recent years supporting the health benefits that most of these compounds can provide. Therefore, they may represent an excellent source of preservatives in food chain once their safety as a food supplement has been also confirmed.展开更多
We investigated the presence and related signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of rod-shaped bacteria on a produce surface using elastic scattering. The theoretical noise was defined as a scattering signal from a rough produce ...We investigated the presence and related signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of rod-shaped bacteria on a produce surface using elastic scattering. The theoretical noise was defined as a scattering signal from a rough produce surface while the signal was defined as a scattering signal from the increasing numbers of rod-shaped bacteria on the produce surface. In this research, we measured the surface topography of a tomato using BioAFM to provide the quantitative nature of the surface roughness which was, in turn, modeled with the discrete dipole approximation (DDA) for an accurate estimation of the background scattering signature. Then we included the DDA model of rod-shaped bacteria and calculated the combined elastic scattering signature in the upper hemispherical space with different polarizations, wavelengths, and incident angles. The total scattering cross-section (TSC) and partial scattering cross-section (PSC) were both computed on six predefined aperture locations. The results indicate that, upon proper selection of the wavelength and incident angle, it was possible to provide the minimum number of bacteria (~32) to provide a differentiable elastic scattering signal from the produce surface.展开更多
Globally,hyperuricemia is a growing health,social,and economic problem which could cause gout,chronic kidney diseases and other diseases.There are increasing evidences that a sensible diet makes sense to reduce the ri...Globally,hyperuricemia is a growing health,social,and economic problem which could cause gout,chronic kidney diseases and other diseases.There are increasing evidences that a sensible diet makes sense to reduce the risk of hyperuricemia.This review aims to explore the metabolic mechanism of dietary factors and effects of dietary types associated with hyperuricemia.Recommendations for dietary modification to prevent hyperuricemia are as following:decreasing intake of animal organs,seafood,sugar-sweetened,and alcohol beverages is essential;choosing water or unsweetened tea and coffee instead of sweetened beverages is beneficial;and increasing intake of vegetables,reduced-fat dairy products,foods containing fiber,micronutrients and unsaturated fatty acids is helpful.In addition,consumption of fruits and legumes in moderation is advantageous,and low-fructose of fruits and low-purine of non-soy beans are recommended.Moreover,personalized diet needs to be emphasized for hyperuricemic patients accompanied with diverse metabolic diseases.展开更多
Plasma-activated water(PAW) indicated promising potential in controlling the biological contamination of Bacillus cereus,which eliminated its evolutionary endospore that improves its survival ability.However,the spore...Plasma-activated water(PAW) indicated promising potential in controlling the biological contamination of Bacillus cereus,which eliminated its evolutionary endospore that improves its survival ability.However,the spore inactivation mechanism by PAW at molecular level was not well understood.The mechanism of the B.cereus endospore against PAW at proteomic levels was demonstrated.The Tandem Mass Tag(TMT) labeling was performed.By comparing the treatment groups with control(including PAW and PAW added superoxide dismutase(SOD)),the expression of 251 proteins(with the number of 207 up-and 44 down-regulated) and 379 proteins(with the corresponding number of 238 and 141) were drastically affected,separately.The 6 categories based on the protein-protein interaction(PPI) networks included oxidation-reduction,transport,sporulation and DNA topological change,gene expression,metabolism,and others.The 3 dehydrogenases(genes hisD,BC_2176,and asd) in PAW while oxidoreductase(genes BC_0399 and BC_2529) in SOD were activated to maintain the antioxidation of spores.The proteins(BC_4271 and BC_2655) in SOD were dramatically activated,which were involved in the carbohydrate,amino acid,and energy-coupling transport.All the small,acid-soluble spore proteins were activated in both groups to protect the spores' DNA.In SOD,genes metG2 and rpmC also were considered important factors in translation while this role was played in gene groES but not rpmF in PAW.The PAW activated the biogenesis of cell wall/membrane/envelope and phosphorelay signal transduction system to contribute to the survival of spores whereas the SOD damaged these 2 processes as well as cell division,chromosome separation,organic acid phosphorylation,base-and nucleotide-excision repairs to lead to the death of spores.This would promise to lay the foundation for advancing the study of the intrinsic mechanism of spore killing against PAW and can also provide a reference for future verification.展开更多
The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia(IDA)remains high in infants,resulting in growth retardation,neurodevelopmental impairment,immunodeficiency and other irreversible injuries.Efficient and safe iron supplementati...The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia(IDA)remains high in infants,resulting in growth retardation,neurodevelopmental impairment,immunodeficiency and other irreversible injuries.Efficient and safe iron supplementation for infants has been the goal of recent research.This study aims to investigate the effect of encapsulated ferric pyrophosphate(FePP)on intestinal inflammation and gut microbiota in IDA suckling rats.Newborn Sprague-Dawley rats were gavaged with low and high doses of FePP and FeSO4(2 and 10 mg Fe/kg BW,respectively)during postnatal days 2-14,while the Ctrl group was gavaged with saline.Results showed that FePP supplementation was as effective as FeSO4 in promoting growth,alleviating anemia and restoring body iron levels.Both low and high doses of FePP could significantly down-regulate the expression of pro inflammatory cytokines in the colon to the level similar to that in the Ctrl group(P>0.05).However,the high dose of FeSO4 did not show a down-regulation effect.Compared with the Ctrl group,IDA caused a disturbance of gut microbiota composition in suckling rats,and FePP could restore this dysbiosis.Besides,FePP was more beneficial than FeSO4 in increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Bacteroides and Akkermansia.Spearman’s correlation analysis showed a correlation between gut microbiota and biochemical indicators such as iron status,pro-inflammatory cytokine expression,and oxidative stress level.Overall,these findings suggested that FePP could effectively improve IDA,and is more effective than FeSO4 in alleviating intestinal inflammation and regulating gut microbiota,which provides a basis for the application of new iron fortificant in infant formula.展开更多
Microbial food is an important direction of sustainable food development in the future.Microorganisms such as lactic acid bacteria(LAB)are important sources of natural radioprotectors.Moderate environmental stress can...Microbial food is an important direction of sustainable food development in the future.Microorganisms such as lactic acid bacteria(LAB)are important sources of natural radioprotectors.Moderate environmental stress can induce stress response and improve biological activity of LAB.In the previous study,Lactococcus lactis subsp.lactis IL1403(L.lactis IL1403)cell-free extract induced by ionizing radiation(IR)of 500 Gy(IR-CFE)presented the stronger radioprotective effect than untreated cell-free extract in mice.To explore the radioprotective active substances of IR-CFE,the key protein was screened by proteomics and its radioprotective effect in vivo was further evaluated.The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment showed that two-component systems(TCS)were enhanced to adapt the IR induction.Meanwhile,the protein LlrG belonged to TCS was screened by the protein-protein interaction.Furthermore,the recombinant protein LlrG(rLlrG)could markedly alleviate the ^(60)Coγ-induced damage to the hematopoietic system,oxidative stress and inflammation in mice,thereby exerting its radioprotective function.These results suggested LlrG protein not only played an important role in the adaptation of L.lactis IL1403 to IR environment,but also exerted a good radioprotective effect,which could be applied in the development of protein-based radioprotectors.展开更多
Lactuca sativa, belonging to the Asteraceae family, is a leafy vegetable known for its medicinal properties. This study aimed to understand the mechanism of Lactuca sativa extract with respect to pharmacological actio...Lactuca sativa, belonging to the Asteraceae family, is a leafy vegetable known for its medicinal properties. This study aimed to understand the mechanism of Lactuca sativa extract with respect to pharmacological action. We investigated the anxiolytic effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of leaves of Lactuca sativa on mice. The behav- ioral tests performed on mice models to assess anti-anxiety properties were： open field test （OFT）, elevated plus maze test （EPM）, elevated T maze test, and marble burying test. Increased locomotor activity and time spent in the ＂open-ann＂ were observed in extract fed group. Malondialdehyde （MDA） and nitrite levels were decreased, cata- lase and glutathione levels were increased in Lactuca sativa treated mice. The data obtained in the present study suggests that the extract of Lactuca sativa can afford significant protection against anxiolytic activity.展开更多
Diabetes mellitus(DM)is a common multifactorial disease,causing various complications,such as chronic metabolism.The current therapies for diabetes mellitus are commercial diabetic drugs that have different definite s...Diabetes mellitus(DM)is a common multifactorial disease,causing various complications,such as chronic metabolism.The current therapies for diabetes mellitus are commercial diabetic drugs that have different definite side effect.However,polysaccharides mainly extracted from natural resources,have advantages of safety,accessibility,and anti-diabetic potential.We have summarized recent research of natural polysaccharides with hypoglycemic activities,focusing on different pharmacological mechanisms in various cell and animal models.The relationships of structure-hypoglycemic effect are also discussed in detail.This review could provide a comprehensive perspective for better understanding on development and mechanism of natural polysaccharides against diabetes mellitus,which have been required by clinical studies yet.展开更多
Natural polyphenol has been widely believed to be effective in allergy remission. Currently, most of the natural poly- phenol products come from terrestrial sources such as tea, grape seeds among others, and few polyp...Natural polyphenol has been widely believed to be effective in allergy remission. Currently, most of the natural poly- phenol products come from terrestrial sources such as tea, grape seeds among others, and few polyphenols have been developed from algae for their anti-allergic activity. The aim of the study was to screen some commercial seaweed for natural extracts with anti-al- lergic activity. Five algae including Laminaria japonica, Porphyra sp., Spirulina platensis, Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Scytosiphon sp were extracted with ethanol, and the extracts were evaluated for total polyphenol contents and anti-allergic activity with the hyalu- ronidase inhibition assay. Results showed that the total polyphenol contents in the ethanol extracts ranged from 1.67% to 8.47%, while the highest was found in the extract from Scytosiphon sp. Hyaluronidase inhibition assay showed that the extracts from Scyto- siphon sp. had the lowest IC50, 0.67 mg mL-1, while Chlorella pyrenoidosa extract had the highest IC50, 15.07 mg mL-1. The anti-allergic activity of Scytosiphon sp. extract was even higher than the typical anti-allergic drug Disodium Cromoglycate （DSCG） （IC50=1.13 mg mL-1）, and was similar with natural polyphenol from Epigallocatechin gallate （EGCG） （IC50 = 0.56 mg mL-l）. These results indicated that the ethanol extract of Scytosiphon sp. contains a high concentration of polyphenol with high anti-allergic activ- ity. Potentially Scytosiphon sp. can be developed to a natural anti-allergic compound for allergy remission.展开更多
文摘Morocco's oat sector is shifting from forage to food,creating demand for varieties with proven processing performance.We profiled nine Moroccan oats(four parental lines,four interspecific derivatives,and one hull-less diploid check)against the key drivers of functionality:β-glucan,hydration metrics(WAI,WSI,swelling power),interfacial metrics(foam capacity/stability,emulsion capacity/stability),and kernel geometry(thousand-kernel weight/width),using SEM to interpret microstructure.Varietal differences were pronounced and actionable.The A.sativa×A.magna derivative Hamdali showed fast wetting(low WAI),strong foaming(highest FS),and high emulsion capacity.These traits make it suitable for oat drinks and large,crack-free flakes.The A.sativa×A.murphyi descendants Al Fawze and Abtah exhibited restrained swelling(lower SP)and moderate WAI/WSI,favoring crisp snacks,biscuits,and pasta;Abtah additionally delivered high emulsion stability suitable for shelf-stable beverages.Amlal and Nezha offered balanced,steerable profiles.Linkingβ-glucan,hydration,and interfacial behavior to kernel traits provides a variety-to-application map for Moroccan oats.We recommend Hamdali/Niema for foamed beverages/flakes;Tissir/Soualem for porridges and thick beverages;Abtah for pasta and stable emulsions;Al Fawze for crisp snacks/biscuits.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province of China(242300421536)College Students’Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of Xinxiang Medicine University(202410472024).
文摘Alzheimer's disease(AD)is a serious disease associated with cognitive impairment,and synaptic loss and amyloid-beta(Aβ)deposition are closely related to its pathogenesis.D ocosahexaenoic acid(DHA)has been reported to alter the cognitive impairment associated with aging and reduce the risk of long-term development of AD.However,the effects of Aβon synapses and whether DHA has a protective effect on synapses remain unclear.In this study,APPSwe/PSEN1d E9 transgenic and wild type mice were used as experimental subjects to explore the effect of DHA on synaptic structure and function damaged by Aβ.Results showed that a large amount of Aβwas deposited in the brain of AD mice,and DHA intervention decreased the Aβdeposition(P<0.05).DHA decreased the apoptosis of nerve cells and the oxidative stress level induced by Aβ(P<0.01).Transmission electron microscopy results showed that DHA improved the synaptic structure and number,and the expression of synaptophysin was significantly upregulated by DHA(P<0.01).Besides,neurotransmitter release was regulated after DHA intervention,including the decreased Glu level and increasedγ-aminobutyric acid level,as well as the activity of ATPase was also increased by DHA.Importantly,the phosphorylation levels of tyrosine kinase B(Trk B),phospholipase C-gamma-1,calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II,extracellular regulated protein kinases(ERK1/2),and c AMP-response element binding protein(CREB)were upregulated by DHA(P<0.01).These data indicated that DHA could improve synaptic structure and function through the Trk B-Erk1/2-CREB pathway,thus playing a positive role in the pathological process of AD.
基金This study was partially supported by the Industrial Innovation Center(IIC),Atyab Food Tech LLC and Sultan Qaboos University–College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences Dean’s Seed Grant.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.31371730)the National Science & Technology Pillar Program (2012BAD28B05)
文摘Advanced glycation endproducts(AGEs) have been recognized as hazards in processed foods that can induce chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and diabetic nephropathy. In this study, we investigated the AGEs contents of 35 types of industrial seafood products that are consumed frequently in eastern China. Total fluorescent AGEs level and Nε-carboxymethyl-lysine(CML) content were evaluated by fluorescence spectrophotometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS), respectively. The level of total fluorescent AGEs in seafood samples ranged from 39.37 to 1178.3 AU, and was higher in canned and packaged instant aquatic products that were processed at high temperatures. The CML content in seafood samples ranged from 44.8 to 439.1 mg per kg dried sample, and was higher in roasted seafood samples. The total fluorescent AGEs and CML content increased when seafood underwent high-temperature processing, but did not show an obvious correlation. The present study suggested that commonly consumed seafood contains different levels of AGEs, and the seafood processed at high temperatures always displays a high level of either AGEs or CML.
文摘In order to screen the antioxidant capacity of commonly consumed indigenous foods of tropical region, vegetables, fruits, tea, oil seeds, legumes, spices and cereal were analyzed. Among the vegetables, green chili showed the highest total oxygen radical absorbance capacity （ORACFL） and lipophilic ORAC （L-ORACFL）; whereas, bean showed highest hydrophilic ORAC （H-ORACFL） content. The H-ORACFL of vegetable samples varied between 2.26 to 23.08 ~tmol of Trolox equivalent （TE）/g of fresh weight （FW） and L-ORACFL content widely varied from 0.20 （sweet pumpkin） to 16.95 （green chili）. The range of H-ORACFL values of fruits showed large variation （0.45-178 Ixmol of TE/g FW）. All four different types of tea showed high H-ORACFL （1,295.84-2,709.11 lamol of TE/g）, in contrast to negligible amount of L-ORACFL. In legumes, H-ORACFL content ranged from 16.22 to 140.54; whereas, L-ORACFL ranged from 4.43 to 25.78. Porso millets showed higher L-ORACFL value （19.4） as compared to H-ORACFL （0.8）. In case of spices, L-ORACFL content varied from 29.75 ± 0.00 to 1,575.24 ± 39.63, which is considerably higher as compared to H-ORACFL （61.68 ± 1.71 to 272.82± 1.05） content. Comparatively, spices showed much higher H-ORACFL values as compared to fruits analyzed. In case of selective vegetables, fruits and tea samples, the total phenol content was highly correlated with the H-ORACFL content.
文摘Objective:To study anxiolytic property of hydro alchohol extract and to estimate polyphenols present in the extract by HPLC.Methods:To evaluate anxiolytic properly two animal models were used viz.Elevated T maze and hyponeophagia.Diazepam(1 mg/kg body wt.) served as the standard anxiolvtic agent for all the tests.The dried extract of the plant leaf in doses of 100.200 and 400 mg/kg body weight was administered orally to mice for duration of 1? or 30 days and locomotor and anxiolytic activities were performed.Polyphenols was estimated using HPLC. Results:The HPLC analysis of the polyphenols revealed the presence chlorogenic acid,vanillin, epicatechin,caffeic acid,rutin hydrate,sinapic acid,quercetin-3-rhamnoside.p-coumeric acid and quercitin.Time spent and number of entries into the open arm was improved in 30 days treated animals than that of 15 days treated groups,200 and 400 mg/kg body weight treated group showed significant results when comparing with the control group.Conclusions:Te hydro alcohol extract rich in Polyphenols and other secondary metabolites is a potent anxiolytic agent.
文摘Development of food service institution has been initiated by industrialization and has grown rapidly over the last half century. Institutional Food Service includes planning, preparation, distribution and supply of foods outside home. Consumer perceptions towards institutional foods are influenced by marketing, advertising and lifestyle changes. Food service systems/catering units promote new processing methods and bulk packaging of food to conquer problems like skilled labour shortage and reduce the operation cost. This review emphasize on the evolution of food services (vending, industrial food services, school lunch, hospital etc.) and its importance. It also highlights the attributes for making institutional foods more acceptable for consumers and their role of human engineering.
文摘In the present study, a novel non radioactive digoxigenen labelled PCR-DNA probe was developed targeting nor-1 gene to assess the contamination of aflatoxigenic Aspergillus species in food grain samples from Southern parts of India. The sensitivity of developed PCR-DNA probe was determined to be 10 pg of genomic DNA and 1 pg of purified PCR product. The specificity of the DNA probe was validated by testing against an array of Aspergillus, Fusarium and Penicillium spp. A total of 89 Aspergillus isolates were recovered from 152 grain samples of maize, paddy, and groundnut. Among them, maize had the highest (90%) incidence of toxigenic Aspergillus species. When developed PCR-DNA probe was evaluated onto pure cultures of toxigenic and nontoxigenic Aspergillus species, 60 samples were positive for the nor-1 gene probe. DNA probe results unequivocally matched with the HPLC analysis. In conclusion, the novel PCR-DNA probe developed in this study may find its application in rapid detection of aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus isolates from contaminated cereal grains.
文摘Microalgae are a potential source for various valuable chemicals for commercial applications ranging from nutraceuticals to fuels. This review aims to focus on microalgal as preservative potential to food chain. The main compounds responsible for these properties, like carotenoids, phenolic compounds, antioxidant vitamins, sterols and polyunsaturated fatty acids are discussed because microalgae can be cultivated under controlled conditions to improve their production. We have listed several studies performed in recent years supporting the health benefits that most of these compounds can provide. Therefore, they may represent an excellent source of preservatives in food chain once their safety as a food supplement has been also confirmed.
文摘We investigated the presence and related signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of rod-shaped bacteria on a produce surface using elastic scattering. The theoretical noise was defined as a scattering signal from a rough produce surface while the signal was defined as a scattering signal from the increasing numbers of rod-shaped bacteria on the produce surface. In this research, we measured the surface topography of a tomato using BioAFM to provide the quantitative nature of the surface roughness which was, in turn, modeled with the discrete dipole approximation (DDA) for an accurate estimation of the background scattering signature. Then we included the DDA model of rod-shaped bacteria and calculated the combined elastic scattering signature in the upper hemispherical space with different polarizations, wavelengths, and incident angles. The total scattering cross-section (TSC) and partial scattering cross-section (PSC) were both computed on six predefined aperture locations. The results indicate that, upon proper selection of the wavelength and incident angle, it was possible to provide the minimum number of bacteria (~32) to provide a differentiable elastic scattering signal from the produce surface.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32122069)Beijing Outstanding Young Scientist Program(No.BJJWZYJH01201910011025)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M730134)。
文摘Globally,hyperuricemia is a growing health,social,and economic problem which could cause gout,chronic kidney diseases and other diseases.There are increasing evidences that a sensible diet makes sense to reduce the risk of hyperuricemia.This review aims to explore the metabolic mechanism of dietary factors and effects of dietary types associated with hyperuricemia.Recommendations for dietary modification to prevent hyperuricemia are as following:decreasing intake of animal organs,seafood,sugar-sweetened,and alcohol beverages is essential;choosing water or unsweetened tea and coffee instead of sweetened beverages is beneficial;and increasing intake of vegetables,reduced-fat dairy products,foods containing fiber,micronutrients and unsaturated fatty acids is helpful.In addition,consumption of fruits and legumes in moderation is advantageous,and low-fructose of fruits and low-purine of non-soy beans are recommended.Moreover,personalized diet needs to be emphasized for hyperuricemic patients accompanied with diverse metabolic diseases.
基金supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (LR21C200002)。
文摘Plasma-activated water(PAW) indicated promising potential in controlling the biological contamination of Bacillus cereus,which eliminated its evolutionary endospore that improves its survival ability.However,the spore inactivation mechanism by PAW at molecular level was not well understood.The mechanism of the B.cereus endospore against PAW at proteomic levels was demonstrated.The Tandem Mass Tag(TMT) labeling was performed.By comparing the treatment groups with control(including PAW and PAW added superoxide dismutase(SOD)),the expression of 251 proteins(with the number of 207 up-and 44 down-regulated) and 379 proteins(with the corresponding number of 238 and 141) were drastically affected,separately.The 6 categories based on the protein-protein interaction(PPI) networks included oxidation-reduction,transport,sporulation and DNA topological change,gene expression,metabolism,and others.The 3 dehydrogenases(genes hisD,BC_2176,and asd) in PAW while oxidoreductase(genes BC_0399 and BC_2529) in SOD were activated to maintain the antioxidation of spores.The proteins(BC_4271 and BC_2655) in SOD were dramatically activated,which were involved in the carbohydrate,amino acid,and energy-coupling transport.All the small,acid-soluble spore proteins were activated in both groups to protect the spores' DNA.In SOD,genes metG2 and rpmC also were considered important factors in translation while this role was played in gene groES but not rpmF in PAW.The PAW activated the biogenesis of cell wall/membrane/envelope and phosphorelay signal transduction system to contribute to the survival of spores whereas the SOD damaged these 2 processes as well as cell division,chromosome separation,organic acid phosphorylation,base-and nucleotide-excision repairs to lead to the death of spores.This would promise to lay the foundation for advancing the study of the intrinsic mechanism of spore killing against PAW and can also provide a reference for future verification.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32001676)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by China Association for Science and Technology(CAST)(2022QNRC001).
文摘The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia(IDA)remains high in infants,resulting in growth retardation,neurodevelopmental impairment,immunodeficiency and other irreversible injuries.Efficient and safe iron supplementation for infants has been the goal of recent research.This study aims to investigate the effect of encapsulated ferric pyrophosphate(FePP)on intestinal inflammation and gut microbiota in IDA suckling rats.Newborn Sprague-Dawley rats were gavaged with low and high doses of FePP and FeSO4(2 and 10 mg Fe/kg BW,respectively)during postnatal days 2-14,while the Ctrl group was gavaged with saline.Results showed that FePP supplementation was as effective as FeSO4 in promoting growth,alleviating anemia and restoring body iron levels.Both low and high doses of FePP could significantly down-regulate the expression of pro inflammatory cytokines in the colon to the level similar to that in the Ctrl group(P>0.05).However,the high dose of FeSO4 did not show a down-regulation effect.Compared with the Ctrl group,IDA caused a disturbance of gut microbiota composition in suckling rats,and FePP could restore this dysbiosis.Besides,FePP was more beneficial than FeSO4 in increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Bacteroides and Akkermansia.Spearman’s correlation analysis showed a correlation between gut microbiota and biochemical indicators such as iron status,pro-inflammatory cytokine expression,and oxidative stress level.Overall,these findings suggested that FePP could effectively improve IDA,and is more effective than FeSO4 in alleviating intestinal inflammation and regulating gut microbiota,which provides a basis for the application of new iron fortificant in infant formula.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32172211,32572557)the Key Science Research Projects of Higher Education Institutions in Henan Province(21A530006)+3 种基金the Key Research and Development and Promotion Projects of Henan Province(232102310293)the Henan Provincial Natural Science Foundation General Program(252300421403)the Zhongyuan Sci-Tech Innovation Leading Talents(254200510040)the Innovative Research Team(in Science and Technology)in University of Henan Province(26IRTSTHN030).
文摘Microbial food is an important direction of sustainable food development in the future.Microorganisms such as lactic acid bacteria(LAB)are important sources of natural radioprotectors.Moderate environmental stress can induce stress response and improve biological activity of LAB.In the previous study,Lactococcus lactis subsp.lactis IL1403(L.lactis IL1403)cell-free extract induced by ionizing radiation(IR)of 500 Gy(IR-CFE)presented the stronger radioprotective effect than untreated cell-free extract in mice.To explore the radioprotective active substances of IR-CFE,the key protein was screened by proteomics and its radioprotective effect in vivo was further evaluated.The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment showed that two-component systems(TCS)were enhanced to adapt the IR induction.Meanwhile,the protein LlrG belonged to TCS was screened by the protein-protein interaction.Furthermore,the recombinant protein LlrG(rLlrG)could markedly alleviate the ^(60)Coγ-induced damage to the hematopoietic system,oxidative stress and inflammation in mice,thereby exerting its radioprotective function.These results suggested LlrG protein not only played an important role in the adaptation of L.lactis IL1403 to IR environment,but also exerted a good radioprotective effect,which could be applied in the development of protein-based radioprotectors.
文摘Lactuca sativa, belonging to the Asteraceae family, is a leafy vegetable known for its medicinal properties. This study aimed to understand the mechanism of Lactuca sativa extract with respect to pharmacological action. We investigated the anxiolytic effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of leaves of Lactuca sativa on mice. The behav- ioral tests performed on mice models to assess anti-anxiety properties were： open field test （OFT）, elevated plus maze test （EPM）, elevated T maze test, and marble burying test. Increased locomotor activity and time spent in the ＂open-ann＂ were observed in extract fed group. Malondialdehyde （MDA） and nitrite levels were decreased, cata- lase and glutathione levels were increased in Lactuca sativa treated mice. The data obtained in the present study suggests that the extract of Lactuca sativa can afford significant protection against anxiolytic activity.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32201969)Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(212300410297)+3 种基金Basic Research Plan of Higher Education School Key Scientific Research Project of Henan Province(21A550014)Doctoral Research Foundation of Zhengzhou University of Light Industry(2020BSJJ015)Program for Science and Technology Innovation Talents in Universities of Henan Province(20HASTIT037)Youth Talents Project of Henan Province(2020HYTP046).
文摘Diabetes mellitus(DM)is a common multifactorial disease,causing various complications,such as chronic metabolism.The current therapies for diabetes mellitus are commercial diabetic drugs that have different definite side effect.However,polysaccharides mainly extracted from natural resources,have advantages of safety,accessibility,and anti-diabetic potential.We have summarized recent research of natural polysaccharides with hypoglycemic activities,focusing on different pharmacological mechanisms in various cell and animal models.The relationships of structure-hypoglycemic effect are also discussed in detail.This review could provide a comprehensive perspective for better understanding on development and mechanism of natural polysaccharides against diabetes mellitus,which have been required by clinical studies yet.
基金financially supported by Shandong Province Young and Middle-Aged Scientists Research Awards Fund(BS2011HZ020)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31371730)Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University
文摘Natural polyphenol has been widely believed to be effective in allergy remission. Currently, most of the natural poly- phenol products come from terrestrial sources such as tea, grape seeds among others, and few polyphenols have been developed from algae for their anti-allergic activity. The aim of the study was to screen some commercial seaweed for natural extracts with anti-al- lergic activity. Five algae including Laminaria japonica, Porphyra sp., Spirulina platensis, Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Scytosiphon sp were extracted with ethanol, and the extracts were evaluated for total polyphenol contents and anti-allergic activity with the hyalu- ronidase inhibition assay. Results showed that the total polyphenol contents in the ethanol extracts ranged from 1.67% to 8.47%, while the highest was found in the extract from Scytosiphon sp. Hyaluronidase inhibition assay showed that the extracts from Scyto- siphon sp. had the lowest IC50, 0.67 mg mL-1, while Chlorella pyrenoidosa extract had the highest IC50, 15.07 mg mL-1. The anti-allergic activity of Scytosiphon sp. extract was even higher than the typical anti-allergic drug Disodium Cromoglycate （DSCG） （IC50=1.13 mg mL-1）, and was similar with natural polyphenol from Epigallocatechin gallate （EGCG） （IC50 = 0.56 mg mL-l）. These results indicated that the ethanol extract of Scytosiphon sp. contains a high concentration of polyphenol with high anti-allergic activ- ity. Potentially Scytosiphon sp. can be developed to a natural anti-allergic compound for allergy remission.
