The treatment of heavy metals in water is of high importance worldwide,and different treatment types have been developed.The use of plant material is becoming more and more important,and oilseed crops biomass have bee...The treatment of heavy metals in water is of high importance worldwide,and different treatment types have been developed.The use of plant material is becoming more and more important,and oilseed crops biomass have been investigated in terms of phytoremediation and biosorption processes.This article is a review of the literature reporting the applications in 10 different plants and evaluating the removal efficiencies for 12 metals,including the findings of 81 publications.Moringa olifera and Helianthus annuus are the most studied plants,whereas Cu(21.9%),Cd(18.5%),and Pb(19.9%)are the most studied metals.As a result,it was found that more than 90%of Pb,Cu,Cd,Fe,Zn,Ni,Cr,Sr and Mn showed removals in their experiments.At the same time,the variables most related to the efficiency of metal removal are pH,temperature,and contact time.This article includes a review of the biosorption isotherms used in the different studies.展开更多
Riboflavin is an essential micronutrient for humans and must be obtained exogenously from foods or sup-plements.Numerous studies have suggested a major role of riboflavin in the prevention and treatment of various dis...Riboflavin is an essential micronutrient for humans and must be obtained exogenously from foods or sup-plements.Numerous studies have suggested a major role of riboflavin in the prevention and treatment of various diseases.There are mainly three strategies for riboflavin synthesis,including total chemical syn-thesis,chemical semi-synthesis,and microbial fermentation,the latter being currently the most promis-ing strategy.In recent years,flavinogenic microbes have attracted increasing attention.Fungi,including Eremothecium ashbyii and Ashbya gossypii,and bacteria,including Bacillus subtilis,Escherichia coli,and lac-tic acid bacteria,are ideal cell factories for riboflavin overproduction.Thus they are good candidates for enhancing the level of riboflavin in fermented foods or designing novel riboflavin bio-enriched foods with improved nutritional value and/or beneficial properties for human health.This review briefly describes the role of riboflavin in human health and the historical process of its industrial production,and then highlights riboflavin biosynthesis in bacteria and fungi,and finally summarizes the strategies for ribofla-vin overproduction based on both the optimization of fermentation conditions and the development of riboflavin-overproducing strains via chemical mutagenesis and metabolic engineering.Overall,this review provides an updated understanding of riboflavin biosynthesis and can promote the research and development of fermented food products rich in riboflavin.展开更多
Glutaraldehyde(GTA) crosslinking is commonly used to improve the thermal stability and mechanical strength of collagen casings. The aim of this research was to determine the optimal pH of the crosslinking between GTA ...Glutaraldehyde(GTA) crosslinking is commonly used to improve the thermal stability and mechanical strength of collagen casings. The aim of this research was to determine the optimal pH of the crosslinking between GTA and collagen as well as the crosslinking mechanisms. The weakly alkaline environment could facilitate the generation of GTA polymerization through the rapid generation of -C=C-C=O and -N=C-C=C- conjugated structures, and enhance the crosslinking reaction of GTA polymers with collagen amino groups. In the pH range of 8–10, the fibril diameter and d-space value declined significantly in the self-assembled collagen fibril-GTA system. Meanwhile, collagen casing films crosslinked with GTA in weakly alkaline conditions exhibited higher mechanical strength and thermal stability. These results suggest that the crosslinking of collagen casings and GTA can be improved by adjusting the pH. Possible crosslinking mechanisms related to the formation of conjugated long chains have also been proposed. This study could provide guidance on the appropriate use of GTA in the production process of collagen casings.展开更多
Brazil has a wide variety of fruits that remain insufficiently explored.To encourage the use of one such fruit,the bacupari((Garcinia brasiliensis(Mart.)),the current study produced flours from its by-products(the pee...Brazil has a wide variety of fruits that remain insufficiently explored.To encourage the use of one such fruit,the bacupari((Garcinia brasiliensis(Mart.)),the current study produced flours from its by-products(the peel and seed)at two maturation stages and subsequently evaluated their proximate composition,physical,antioxidant,bioactive,microstructural and thermal properties.The results revealed that the flours have a high in fiber content(>15%)and are a potential source of protein(>5%).Seed flour has an energy value similar to that of wheat flour and other conventional flours.Seed flour micrographs indicate the presence of starch,a fact confirmed by viscosity analysis.The flours contain phenolic compounds and exhibit antioxidant activity,especially the unripe peel flour.Among the compounds identified by chromatography,those present in the greatest concentrations were quinine(≅111μg/g),p-coumaric acid(≅25μg/g),m-coumaric acid(≅15μg/g),and formononetin(≅21μg/g),all of which are known to have several human health benefits.Seed flour crystallinity diminished as the fruit ripened.Peel flour exhibited similar thermal transitions but less thermal stability than seed flour.In summary,this study revealed that flours produced from the peel and seeds of bacupari,which are generated in large quantities as agro-industrial by-products,can be used as alternative ingredients in various sectors of the food industry.展开更多
基金funded by Universidad de La Salle,Bogota,(Grant Number IALI212-190).
文摘The treatment of heavy metals in water is of high importance worldwide,and different treatment types have been developed.The use of plant material is becoming more and more important,and oilseed crops biomass have been investigated in terms of phytoremediation and biosorption processes.This article is a review of the literature reporting the applications in 10 different plants and evaluating the removal efficiencies for 12 metals,including the findings of 81 publications.Moringa olifera and Helianthus annuus are the most studied plants,whereas Cu(21.9%),Cd(18.5%),and Pb(19.9%)are the most studied metals.As a result,it was found that more than 90%of Pb,Cu,Cd,Fe,Zn,Ni,Cr,Sr and Mn showed removals in their experiments.At the same time,the variables most related to the efficiency of metal removal are pH,temperature,and contact time.This article includes a review of the biosorption isotherms used in the different studies.
基金supported by China Central Public-Interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China (Y2020XK05)the Shanghai Pujiang Talent Plan, Shanghai, China (18PJ1404600)
文摘Riboflavin is an essential micronutrient for humans and must be obtained exogenously from foods or sup-plements.Numerous studies have suggested a major role of riboflavin in the prevention and treatment of various diseases.There are mainly three strategies for riboflavin synthesis,including total chemical syn-thesis,chemical semi-synthesis,and microbial fermentation,the latter being currently the most promis-ing strategy.In recent years,flavinogenic microbes have attracted increasing attention.Fungi,including Eremothecium ashbyii and Ashbya gossypii,and bacteria,including Bacillus subtilis,Escherichia coli,and lac-tic acid bacteria,are ideal cell factories for riboflavin overproduction.Thus they are good candidates for enhancing the level of riboflavin in fermented foods or designing novel riboflavin bio-enriched foods with improved nutritional value and/or beneficial properties for human health.This review briefly describes the role of riboflavin in human health and the historical process of its industrial production,and then highlights riboflavin biosynthesis in bacteria and fungi,and finally summarizes the strategies for ribofla-vin overproduction based on both the optimization of fermentation conditions and the development of riboflavin-overproducing strains via chemical mutagenesis and metabolic engineering.Overall,this review provides an updated understanding of riboflavin biosynthesis and can promote the research and development of fermented food products rich in riboflavin.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFF1104302)the Soft Science Research Project of Wuxi Science and Technology Association(KX-23-C042)the program of“Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province”,China
文摘Glutaraldehyde(GTA) crosslinking is commonly used to improve the thermal stability and mechanical strength of collagen casings. The aim of this research was to determine the optimal pH of the crosslinking between GTA and collagen as well as the crosslinking mechanisms. The weakly alkaline environment could facilitate the generation of GTA polymerization through the rapid generation of -C=C-C=O and -N=C-C=C- conjugated structures, and enhance the crosslinking reaction of GTA polymers with collagen amino groups. In the pH range of 8–10, the fibril diameter and d-space value declined significantly in the self-assembled collagen fibril-GTA system. Meanwhile, collagen casing films crosslinked with GTA in weakly alkaline conditions exhibited higher mechanical strength and thermal stability. These results suggest that the crosslinking of collagen casings and GTA can be improved by adjusting the pH. Possible crosslinking mechanisms related to the formation of conjugated long chains have also been proposed. This study could provide guidance on the appropriate use of GTA in the production process of collagen casings.
基金the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development-CNPq(grant number 314184/2020-1).
文摘Brazil has a wide variety of fruits that remain insufficiently explored.To encourage the use of one such fruit,the bacupari((Garcinia brasiliensis(Mart.)),the current study produced flours from its by-products(the peel and seed)at two maturation stages and subsequently evaluated their proximate composition,physical,antioxidant,bioactive,microstructural and thermal properties.The results revealed that the flours have a high in fiber content(>15%)and are a potential source of protein(>5%).Seed flour has an energy value similar to that of wheat flour and other conventional flours.Seed flour micrographs indicate the presence of starch,a fact confirmed by viscosity analysis.The flours contain phenolic compounds and exhibit antioxidant activity,especially the unripe peel flour.Among the compounds identified by chromatography,those present in the greatest concentrations were quinine(≅111μg/g),p-coumaric acid(≅25μg/g),m-coumaric acid(≅15μg/g),and formononetin(≅21μg/g),all of which are known to have several human health benefits.Seed flour crystallinity diminished as the fruit ripened.Peel flour exhibited similar thermal transitions but less thermal stability than seed flour.In summary,this study revealed that flours produced from the peel and seeds of bacupari,which are generated in large quantities as agro-industrial by-products,can be used as alternative ingredients in various sectors of the food industry.
