Nanofertilizers represent a breakthrough in sustainable agriculture,offering innovative solutions to improve nutrient efficiency,crop productivity,and environmental resilience.Engineered at the nanoscale,these fertili...Nanofertilizers represent a breakthrough in sustainable agriculture,offering innovative solutions to improve nutrient efficiency,crop productivity,and environmental resilience.Engineered at the nanoscale,these fertilizers possess unique physicochemical properties,such as increased surface area,targeted delivery,and controlled release,which enhance nutrient uptake while reducing losses associated with conventional fertilizers.This review examines the evolving role of nanofertilizers in sustainable agricultural systems,exploring technological innovations,benefits,limitations,and potential risks.It aims to provide a comprehensive overview of their significance in advancing food security and environmental sustainability,while highlighting critical areas for future research and policy development.In particular,nanofertilizers show strong potential in improving food quality and safety by enhancing crop nutritional content,reducing pesticide residues,and boosting plant resistance to environmental stressors.Their roles in biofortification of staple crops such as wheat,rice,and maize could play a crucial part in addressing widespread micronutrient deficiencies globally.Furthermore,integrating nanofertilizers with precision agriculture technologies,including GPS mapping,remote sensing,and smart sensors,could enable site-specific nutrient management,optimizing fertilizer use and reducing environmental impact.However,concerns remain regarding their long-term effects on soil health,water systems,human health,and non-target organisms.Limited regulatory frameworks and high production costs also pose significant barriers to widespread adoption.This review underscores the need for interdisciplinary collaboration,green synthesis approaches,and ecosystem-level studies to ensure the safe and effective use of nanofertilizers.Ultimately,nanofertilizers offer transformative potential to support sustainable food systems and meet the growing demands of the global population.展开更多
A dietary transition from refined to whole grains would optimize grain processing,reduce food loss and emissions,and increase food nutritional contents.The results of systematical analysis and calculations in our stud...A dietary transition from refined to whole grains would optimize grain processing,reduce food loss and emissions,and increase food nutritional contents.The results of systematical analysis and calculations in our study show that the average processing loss rate of grains including rice,wheat,and maize is approximately 4.1%in China due to the refinement,equivalent to an annual loss of around 13.3 Mt of grains.Furthermore,the refining process significantly reduces the nutritional contents of rice(51.6%),wheat flour(55.4%),and corn products(80.4%)mainly resulting from the removal of dietary fiber,minerals,and vitamins in refined grains.Replacing refined grains with whole grains in diets would lower agricultural carbon emissions by 2.7%,reducing agricultural water use by 4.3%,and saving arable land by 1,972,607 ha.Total environmental footprint could be reduced by 35%to 79%under three proposed scenarios.These findings indicate that shifting toward whole grain-based diets by Chinese consumers could reduce food losses,enhance human health,and improve environmental sustainability.This approach offers a promising strategy for transitioning towards more resilient and sustainable agri-food systems,benefiting human and planetary health.展开更多
With the rapid growth of the global population and the increasing demand for healthier diets,improving the nutrient utilization efficiency of staple food crops has become a critical scientific and industrial chal-leng...With the rapid growth of the global population and the increasing demand for healthier diets,improving the nutrient utilization efficiency of staple food crops has become a critical scientific and industrial chal-lenge,prompting innovation in food processing technologies.This review introduces first the common nutritional challenges in the processing of staple food crops,followed by the comprehensive examination of research aiming to enhance the nutritional quality of staple food crop-based foods through innovative processing technologies,including microwave(MW),pulsed electric field(PEF),ultrasound,modern fer-mentation technology,and enzyme technology.Additionally,soybean processing is used as an example to underscore the importance of integrating innovative processing technologies for optimizing nutrient utilization in staple food crops.Although these innovative processing technologies have demonstrated a significant potential to improve nutrient utilization efficiency and enhance the overall nutritional pro-file of staple food crop-based food products,their current limitations must be acknowledged and addressed in future research.Fortunately,advancements in science and technology will facilitate pro-gress in food processing,enabling both the improvement of existing techniques as well as the develop-ment of entirely novel methodologies.This work aims to enhance the understanding of food practitioners on the way processing technologies may optimize nutrient utilization,thereby fostering innovation in food processing research and synergistic multi-technological strategies,ultimately providing valuable references to address global food security challenges.展开更多
In order to ensure food safety,controlling foodborne pathogen contamination is of utmost importance.Growing apprehensions regarding the safety of synthetic antimicrobials,due to their adverse health effects,have promp...In order to ensure food safety,controlling foodborne pathogen contamination is of utmost importance.Growing apprehensions regarding the safety of synthetic antimicrobials,due to their adverse health effects,have prompted a search for alternative options.Plant natural products(PNPs)with antimicrobial activity are being explored as a viable alternative.Among the various antimicrobial natural products studied,plant essential oils,plant flavonoids,plant polyphenols,plant polysaccharides,and plant antimicrobial peptides have been identified as potential candidates.PNPs demonstrate a diverse array of antimicrobial mechanisms,encompassing cell wall and membrane damage,interference with genetic replication,disruption of energy metabolism,and induction of oxidative stress at the single-cell level,as well as inhibition of biofilm formation and quorum sensing at the population level.Certain PNPs have been harnessed as natural antimicrobial agents for the food preservation.The utilization of encapsulation technology proves to be an effective strategy in protecting PNPs,thereby ensuring good antimicrobial efficacy,enhanced dispersibility,and controlled release within food products.The utilization of nanoemulsions,nanoliposomes,edible packaging,electrospun nanofibers,and microcapsules formed by encapsulation has enriched the ways in which PNPs can be applied in food preservation.Although PNPs have great potential in food preservation,their widespread application in the food industry is currently constrained by factors such as production costs,safety concerns,and legal considerations.Chemical synthesis and biosynthesis pathways offer viable strategies for reducing the cost of producing PNPs,and ongoing efforts to assess safety and improve regulatory frameworks are likely to facilitate the broader adoption of PNPs in food preservation practices.This article provides an overview of the main types of PNPs with antimicrobial activity and their properties,focusing on their mechanisms of action.Additionally,it summarizes the use of PNPs in food preservation and discusses the characteristics and applications of different encapsulation technologies.Lastly,the paper briefly analyzes current limitations and proposes potential future trends for this field.展开更多
Food safety,specifically in restaurants,is becoming a key public health priority because of the increased number of meals eaten outside the home.Foodborne illness prevention thus is a significant concern and a public ...Food safety,specifically in restaurants,is becoming a key public health priority because of the increased number of meals eaten outside the home.Foodborne illness prevention thus is a significant concern and a public health priority in the United Arab Emirates,particularly Dubai,because of the extensive tourism industry.The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of using demonstrations in training sessions to improve food safety knowledge and practices amongst food handlers.A descriptive and quantitative approach has been applied to collect the quantifiable information related to the research study.This has been further analyzed using the correlation tests to gather the required data.On comparison of the pre-test scores between the intervention and the control group,the t-test analysis showed significant difference in the level of food safety knowledge between the two groups.Pre-test score for the control group was 78.33 and post-test score was 104.66.In the case of the intervention group,pre-test score was 91.37 and post-test score was 130.75.The scores of food handlers’food safety practice for control group:pre-treatment score was 470 and post-treatment score was 646.For intervention group:pre-test score was 723 and post-test score was 1,056.The study concluded that training with demonstration techniques is an effective way of improving compliance with food safety guidelines.It has been understood that training helps in improving the performance of the employees while reducing the foodborne diseases and maintaining hygiene in the food.The study recommends every restaurant needs to provide regular trainings to the employees so that the restaurants can maintain hygiene and food safety practices.展开更多
This study took the teaching practice of food-related majors in Chengdu University,a representative applied institution in China,as an example.Aligning with the course characteristics and educational objectives of Fun...This study took the teaching practice of food-related majors in Chengdu University,a representative applied institution in China,as an example.Aligning with the course characteristics and educational objectives of Functional Foods,it introduced the features of the BOPPPS teaching model and its implementation in course design.By incorporating research cases and presenting teaching examples,the steps and methods of BOPPPS-based teaching reform were explored while incorporating ideological and political elements into specialized instruction.This study provides insights and references for reforming other food-related courses and contributes to cultivating more food professionals with practical awareness and critical thinking.展开更多
This study established a method using gas chromatography-electrostatic field Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry(Orbitrap GC-MS)for the simultaneous determination of 70 organic pollutants across 4 categories:or...This study established a method using gas chromatography-electrostatic field Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry(Orbitrap GC-MS)for the simultaneous determination of 70 organic pollutants across 4 categories:organochlorine pesticides(OCPs),polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs),polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs),and phthalates(PAEs)in infant cereal-based supplementary foods.Techniques integrating cryogenic centrifugation and lipid and protein adsorbent(LPAS)purification were employed.The precise mass numbers of target compounds were determined by Orbitrap GC-MS in full-scan mode(Full MS),which effectively minimized matrix interferences in these foods.Method validation on rice flour samples demonstrated that the 70 compounds exhibited excellent linearity within their respective mass concentration ranges,with correlation coefficients all exceeding 0.995.The detection limits for this method ranged 0.10–1.00μg/kg,while the quantification limits varied 0.3–3.0μg/kg,meeting the established detection requirements.The average spike recovery of the 70 compounds at 3 spiked levels(5,20,and 100μg/kg)ranged 75.3%–119.3%,with relative standard deviations ranging 1.8%–10.8%.Both inter-day and intra-day precision demonstrated relative standard deviation values below 15%.This method was applied to analyze 100 samples of commercial infant cereal-based supplementary food,revealing the presence of PAEs and PAHs in 12.0%of the samples.Notably,no OCPs or PCBs were detected.The detected concentrations of benzo[a]pyrene(Ba P)and dibutyl phthalate(DBP)were(4.2±0.1)and(1.8±0.3)μg/kg,respectively.This method is straightforward,highly sensitive,and suitable for the rapid screening and confirmation of 70 organic pollutants in infant cereal-based supplementary foods.展开更多
Apple polyphenols are widely present in apple pulp,peel,kernel,and leaves.They are natural bioactive substances with a variety of health functions.This review describes the antioxidant functions of anthocyanins,querce...Apple polyphenols are widely present in apple pulp,peel,kernel,and leaves.They are natural bioactive substances with a variety of health functions.This review describes the antioxidant functions of anthocyanins,quercetin,phlorizin,chlorogenic acid,and epicatechin in apple polyphenols through the regulation of signal pathways and transcription factors,and the inhibition or induction of enzymes.Massive food applications of apple polyphenols are summarized,including excellent color protection of fruits and vegetables,meat preservation,preparation of composite packaging fi lms as active ingredients,enhancement of nutritional value as functional ingredients,and improvement of food taste and physical stability.This review would provide a reference for the exploration of apple polyphenol resources and its development in the food field.展开更多
Cadmium accumulation in seafood has become a major concern for human health.Recently,there has been an increasing focus on the potential risks associated with food-borne fluorescent carbon dots(CDs)that are formed dur...Cadmium accumulation in seafood has become a major concern for human health.Recently,there has been an increasing focus on the potential risks associated with food-borne fluorescent carbon dots(CDs)that are formed during the thermal processing of seafood.The co-occurrence of cadmium and CDs from cooked seafood become a common phenomenon and co-exposure of them to human has been an inevitable route during long-term seafood consuming.In addition,it has been widely recognized that CDs can be used as nanocarriers for metal ion chelation for their transport into organisms,thereby,they could influence the bioavailability of metal ion.While there have been numerous studies on the toxic effects of cadmium or CDs,none have explored the combined toxicity of food-borne CDs from clams(CCDs)and Cd^(2+).In this study,we investigated the single or co-exposure(combined exposure)of Cd^(2+)and CCDs on PC12 cells to investigate the combined toxicity of them.Our analysis of cell viability revealed that CCDs significantly augmented the cytotoxicity induced by Cd^(2+).More in-depth metabolomics and lipidomics investigation indicated that the combined exposure of Cd^(2+)and CCDs led to significant metabolic disorders,causing an antagonistic effect on energy metabolism,and a synergistic effect on amino acids and lipids metabolism.The disturbance in metabolomics and lipidomics was further supported by the disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species following co-exposure.These findings provide new evidence that support the enhanced cytotoxicity of Cd^(2+)by the CCDs derived from the thermal processing of clams.This study also declares the necessary that prioritize the investigation of the potential impact of other thermal processing hazards originating from heat-processed foods on the toxicity of heavy metal ions.展开更多
Food allergy has become a global concern.Spleen tyrosine kinase(SYK)inhibitors are promising therapeutics against allergic disorders.In this study,a total of 300 natural phenolic compounds were firstly subjected to vi...Food allergy has become a global concern.Spleen tyrosine kinase(SYK)inhibitors are promising therapeutics against allergic disorders.In this study,a total of 300 natural phenolic compounds were firstly subjected to virtual screening.Sesamin and its metabolites,sesamin monocatechol(SC-1)and sesamin dicatechol(SC-2),were identified as potential SYK inhibitors,showing high binding affinity and inhibition efficiency towards SYK.Compared with R406(a traditional SYK inhibitor),sesamin,SC-1,and SC-2 had lower binding energy and inhibition constant(Ki)during molecular docking,exhibited higher bioavailability,safety,metabolism/clearance rate,and distribution uniformity ADMET predictions,and showed high stability in occupying the ATP-binding pocket of SYK during molecular dynamics simulations.In anti-dinitrophenyl-immunoglobulin E(Anti-DNP-Ig E)/dinitrophenyl-human serum albumin(DNP-HSA)-stimulated rat basophilic leukemia(RBL-2H3)cells,sesamin in the concentration range of 5-80μmol/L influenced significantly the degranulation and cytokine release,with 54.00%inhibition againstβ-hexosaminidase release and 58.45%decrease in histamine.In BALB/c mice,sesamin could ameliorate Anti-DNP-Ig E/DNP-HSA-induced passive cutaneous anaphylaxis(PCA)and ovalbumin(OVA)-induced active systemic anaphylaxis(ASA)reactions,reduce the levels of allergic mediators(immunoglobulins and pro-inflammatory cytokines),partially correct the imbalance of T helper(Th)cells differentiation in the spleen,and inhibit the phosphorylation of SYK and its downstream signaling proteins,including p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases(p38 MAPK),extracellular signalregulated kinases(ERK),and p65 nuclear factor-κB(p65 NF-κB)in the spleen.Thus,sesamin may be a safe and versatile SYK inhibitor that can alleviate Ig E-mediated food allergies.展开更多
Mycotoxins are the toxic metabolites produced by the fungi that grow in food crops;however,the modified mycotoxins are the undetectable metabolites during testing for the parent mycotoxin.Although more than 300 mycoto...Mycotoxins are the toxic metabolites produced by the fungi that grow in food crops;however,the modified mycotoxins are the undetectable metabolites during testing for the parent mycotoxin.Although more than 300 mycotoxins were discovered and identified,little is known about the effects of most of them or their modified forms on child health.Aflatoxins are well known to induce liver cancer and play a significant role in the impairment of child growth.Fumonisin also are known to induce esophageal cancer and neural tube defects.However,deoxynivalenol and the other trichothecenes are well known as immunotoxic and induce gastroenteritis.In this review,the adverse health hazards in children associated with the major mycotoxins as well as the modified forms of fusarium mycotoxins were described.Additionally,the global burden of the health ghazards resulted from the exposure of children to dietary mycotoxin.The risk assessment,risk characterization and the challenges in risk characterization of multiple mycotoxins in children food were discussed.展开更多
Food allergy(FA) is an aberrant immune response triggered by the ingestion of a food antigen.Ovalbumin(OVA)-sensitized and challenged BALB/c mice were orally administered heat-killed(HK)-Lactobacillus paracasei JY56.I...Food allergy(FA) is an aberrant immune response triggered by the ingestion of a food antigen.Ovalbumin(OVA)-sensitized and challenged BALB/c mice were orally administered heat-killed(HK)-Lactobacillus paracasei JY56.In this work,HK-L.paracasei JY56 alleviated the FA-induced decrease in body weight and rectal temperature and reduced the allergy score.Serum analysis showed that HK-L.paracasei JY56 reduced the levels of specific antibodies(OVA-specific Immunoglobulin E(sIgE) and OVA-specific Immunoglobulin G(sIgG)) and allergic mediators(histamine and mast cell protease) in FA mice.In addition,HK-L.paracasei JY56 also could alleviate OVA-induced FA by suppressing T helper(Th)2 and Th17-type immune responses,which was evidenced by the regulation of splenic lymphocyte subpopulations and associated cytokine secretion.Moreover,jejunal histological analysis and intestinal barrier function related gene expression measurement were performed to verify the intestinal barrier repair of HK-L.paracasei JY56.Meanwhile,the TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory pathway activation was inhibited by HK-L.paracasei JY56 at gene and protein levels.Finally,HK-L.paracasei JY56 was performed to modulate the gut microbiota structure and increase the levels of short-chain fatty acids.In conclusion,HK-L.paracasei JY56 could alleviate OVA-induced FA in multiple ways,and this study provides a theoretical basis for the application of inactivated probiotics in functional foods for FA.展开更多
Antimicrobial resistance(AMR)has become a critical global public health challenge in the 21st century.Since the initial isolation of a blaNDM-1-carrying and carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae from an Indian ho...Antimicrobial resistance(AMR)has become a critical global public health challenge in the 21st century.Since the initial isolation of a blaNDM-1-carrying and carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae from an Indian hospital in 2009[1],the escalating prevalence of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase(NDM)-encoding genes(blaNDM)has transformed carbapenem resistance into a worldwide phenomenon,transcending national and regional boundaries[2].Up to 90 distinct NDM variants have been reported globally according to the NCBI GenBank Pathogens database.Plasmidmediated horizontal gene transfer(HGT),which occurs both within and across bacterial species,has significantly accelerated the global dissemination of blaNDM-related genes and the associated resistance[3].Carbapenem-resistant pathogens were responsible for 200,000 deaths globally in 2019[4].Although NDM-1 has been relatively well characterized[5],the epidemiological profiles of other NDM variants require continued surveillance and indepth investigation.The novel NDM-9 variant(GenBank accession no.KC999080)was first identified in 2013 from a clinically significant isolate of Klebsiella pneumoniae ST107 strain PPH1303 with a high level of resistance to carbapenems recovered from the urine culture of a pediatric patient in Beijing,China,who had acute lymphocytic leukemia and had undergone allogeneic stem cell transplantation[6].展开更多
With the development of globalization,international communication in the food industry has become increasingly frequent.Mastering English skills related to the food profession can help students communicate effectively...With the development of globalization,international communication in the food industry has become increasingly frequent.Mastering English skills related to the food profession can help students communicate effectively with international peers,enhance their adaptability in international enterprises,and boost their employment competitiveness,thereby expanding career development opportunities.The food professional English course is a mandatory subject set by universities to cultivate high-quality talents in the food field,enabling students to better understand the food cultures and consumption habits of different countries and regions.Furthermore,mastering relevant English skills allows students to access cutting-edge food science research techniques and the latest scientific achievements,promoting innovation in research levels.To enhance the cultivation of English skills and comprehensive qualities among food professionals,which will have a profound impact on their future learning,research,and career development,this article primarily analyzes the teaching reform pathways for food professional English courses under the new conditions of globalization and artificial intelligence.It was hoped that the viewpoints presented in this article can provide relevant guidance for the improvement and enhancement of food professional English courses.展开更多
Food safety has always been a critical issue concerning people s livelihoods.The complexity and diversity of hazardous substances in food make systematical and scientifical identification of potential risk factors aff...Food safety has always been a critical issue concerning people s livelihoods.The complexity and diversity of hazardous substances in food make systematical and scientifical identification of potential risk factors affecting food safety and accurate assessment and early warning for such risks one of the urgent problems for food safety inspection authorities.This paper explored food safety risk identification technologies,food safety risk monitoring technologies,and food safety risk early warning methods,aiming to provide theoretical support and research insights for improving food risk early warning systems.展开更多
Chickpea(Cicer arietinum Linn.)is a widely cultivated edible legume worldwide.Starch is the major carbohydrate in chickpea seeds and amounts up to 50%of the dry matter.Compared with other legume starches and cereal st...Chickpea(Cicer arietinum Linn.)is a widely cultivated edible legume worldwide.Starch is the major carbohydrate in chickpea seeds and amounts up to 50%of the dry matter.Compared with other legume starches and cereal starches,there is a lack of systematic review on chickpea starch.Herein,this review summarized the extraction,composition,structure,properties,modification and food uses of chickpea starch.Literatures showed that chickpea starch exhibited unique molecular structures and functional properties differed from other starches from legumes,cereal and tubers.Moreover,chickpea starch has been found to have remarkable resistance to digestion.The chickpea resistant starch showed prebiotic effect and potential health benefits.To date,chickpea starch has been modified by physical,chemical,biological and dual modification methods to change its functional properties such as swelling power,solubility,thermal,pasting,gel textural properties,and digestibility,which are essential to widen its applications.In food sectors,chickpea starch could be used as fillings,thickeners,gelling agents or a source of resistant starch in various formulated foods.In the end,suggestions on how to deeply understand and exploit chickpea starch are proposed.展开更多
Trehalose is an autophagy-promoting disaccharide,which can improve and delay chronic diseases like neurodegenerative diseases and atherosclerosis,but its bioavailability is severely restricted by endogenous trehalase ...Trehalose is an autophagy-promoting disaccharide,which can improve and delay chronic diseases like neurodegenerative diseases and atherosclerosis,but its bioavailability is severely restricted by endogenous trehalase in mammals.Trehalase inhibitor is a promising and effective way to enhance trehalose bioavailability by preventing trehalose from hydrolyzing.However,previously reported trehalase inhibitors still face safety of long-term use and promiscuous inhibition on intestinal glycosidases.This study carried out a high-throughput virtual screening through molecular pool-based molecular docking combined with in vitro inhibition experiments to screen trehalase inhibitors naturally derived from foods.Out of 1769 small molecules,which include 115 analogs of trehalose,natural monosaccharides,disaccharides,trisaccharides,imidazoles and their derivatives,as well as 20 natural amino acids and their 400 dipeptides,isomaltose,α-isomaltulose,and isomaltitol exhibited the best inhibitory activities,beyond as traditional sweetener and prebiotic.Best of all,isomaltose showed the half maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50)and inhibition constant(Ki)values on trehalase of 5.59 and(2.1760±0.3431)mmol/L,respectively.Moreover,isomaltose was resistant to the simulated digestive environment and did not affect intestinal glycosidases such asα-glucosidase and glucoamylase,making it a reliable edible candidate for a trehalase inhibitor.This study provides new insights into the virtual screening-based identification of new food-derived trehalase inhibitors for enhanced integrity and bioavailability of orally administered trehalose,especially repurposing a prebiotic for another new use as trehalase inhibitor.展开更多
The study investigated the relationship between climatic variables and food security in households in the districts of Huancayo(Chongos Alto,Viques,Pucará,and Huancayo)during the COVID-19 pandemic.A cross-section...The study investigated the relationship between climatic variables and food security in households in the districts of Huancayo(Chongos Alto,Viques,Pucará,and Huancayo)during the COVID-19 pandemic.A cross-sectional observational study was conducted with a sample of 272 households out of 36,453.Food security data were collected through ques-tionnaires,and climatic variables(temperature,humidity,and precipitation)were obtained from CEPREANDES weather stations between September 2020 and February 2021.The results showed that 44.49% of households experienced mild food insecurity,while 55.5%experienced moderate food insecurity.Recorded climatic conditions included maximum temperatures of 28℃ in Pucaráand 27℃ in Huancayo,and a minimum of-8℃ in Chongos Alto.Relative humidity reached 89%in Pucaráand 87%in Chongos Alto and Huancayo,while maximum rainfall was 28 mm in Chongos Alto and 23 mm in Huancayo.Multivariate analysis revealed that relative humidity had a significant association with moderate food insecurity(B=16.406;95% CI:-64735 to 64768),increasing the risk 16 times under high humidity conditions.No significant relationships were found with temperature(B=-7.107;95% CI:-77320 to 77306)or precipitation(B=-7.831;95% CI:-25690 to 25674).It was concluded that relative humidity is a key factor in food security,particularly during the pandemic,while other climatic variables showed no significant impacts.These findings highlight the need for urgent adaptations to climatic challenges in vulnerable contexts.展开更多
Acrylamide(AA)is a neurotoxin and carcinogen that formed during the thermal food processing.Conventional quantification techniques are difficult to realize on-site detection of AA.Herein,a flower-like bimetallic FeCu ...Acrylamide(AA)is a neurotoxin and carcinogen that formed during the thermal food processing.Conventional quantification techniques are difficult to realize on-site detection of AA.Herein,a flower-like bimetallic FeCu nanozyme(FeCuzyme)sensor and portable platform were developed for naked-eye and on-site detection of AA.The FeCuzyme was successfully prepared and exhibited flower-like structure with 3D catalytic centers.Fe/Cu atoms were considered as active center and ligand frameworks were used as cofactor,resulting in collaborative substrate-binding features and remarkably peroxidase-like activity.During the catalytic process,the 3,3′,5,5′-tetrame-thylbenzidine(TMB)oxidation can be quenched by glutathione(GSH),and then restored after thiolene Michael addition reaction between GSH and AA.Given the“on–off–on”effect for TMB oxidation and high PODlike activity,FeCuzyme sensor exhibited a wide linear relationship from 0.50 to 18.00μM(R^(2)=0.9987)and high sensitivity(LOD=0.2360μM)with high stability.The practical application of FeCuzyme sensor was successfully validated by HPLC method.Furthermore,a FeCuzyme portable platform was designed with smartphone/laptop,and which can be used for naked-eye and on-site quantitative determination of AA in real food samples.This research provides a way for rational design of a novel nanozyme-based sensing platform for AA detection.展开更多
This study examines the role of maize in food security and economic stability,focusing on its response to climate change and strategies to enhance resilience.Using a qualitative descriptive research methodology,the st...This study examines the role of maize in food security and economic stability,focusing on its response to climate change and strategies to enhance resilience.Using a qualitative descriptive research methodology,the study analyzes the impact of climate change on global maize production and proposes innovative strategies for sustainability and food security.The agricultural environment is vulnerable to heavy metal toxicity,which is linked to the relationship between soil health and climate change.From 1850 to 2020,the Earth’s temperature increased by 1.1℃,with projections indicating continued warming.This trend has significant economic implications,particularly in developing countries where agriculture employs 69%of the population.Heat waves and droughts represent abiotic stresses faced by maize.Research suggests that high greenhouse gas emissions could lead to a 24%reduction in maize yield by 2030.The study highlights the need to focus on breeding and phenotyping technologies to develop heat-and drought-tolerant maize varieties that use water efficiently.Additionally,strategies such as genomic editing,transcriptome analysis,and maize quality mapping are crucial to addressing these challenges.Developing insect-resistant maize is another objective.This study emphasizes the necessity of ongoing research to improve agricultural productivity and ensure food security,especially in light of global population growth.It also advocates for new regulations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions,which contribute to global warming.展开更多
文摘Nanofertilizers represent a breakthrough in sustainable agriculture,offering innovative solutions to improve nutrient efficiency,crop productivity,and environmental resilience.Engineered at the nanoscale,these fertilizers possess unique physicochemical properties,such as increased surface area,targeted delivery,and controlled release,which enhance nutrient uptake while reducing losses associated with conventional fertilizers.This review examines the evolving role of nanofertilizers in sustainable agricultural systems,exploring technological innovations,benefits,limitations,and potential risks.It aims to provide a comprehensive overview of their significance in advancing food security and environmental sustainability,while highlighting critical areas for future research and policy development.In particular,nanofertilizers show strong potential in improving food quality and safety by enhancing crop nutritional content,reducing pesticide residues,and boosting plant resistance to environmental stressors.Their roles in biofortification of staple crops such as wheat,rice,and maize could play a crucial part in addressing widespread micronutrient deficiencies globally.Furthermore,integrating nanofertilizers with precision agriculture technologies,including GPS mapping,remote sensing,and smart sensors,could enable site-specific nutrient management,optimizing fertilizer use and reducing environmental impact.However,concerns remain regarding their long-term effects on soil health,water systems,human health,and non-target organisms.Limited regulatory frameworks and high production costs also pose significant barriers to widespread adoption.This review underscores the need for interdisciplinary collaboration,green synthesis approaches,and ecosystem-level studies to ensure the safe and effective use of nanofertilizers.Ultimately,nanofertilizers offer transformative potential to support sustainable food systems and meet the growing demands of the global population.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFF1100501)the Postdoctoral Research Foundation of Shunde Innovation School of University of Science and Technology Beijing(2024BH002).
文摘A dietary transition from refined to whole grains would optimize grain processing,reduce food loss and emissions,and increase food nutritional contents.The results of systematical analysis and calculations in our study show that the average processing loss rate of grains including rice,wheat,and maize is approximately 4.1%in China due to the refinement,equivalent to an annual loss of around 13.3 Mt of grains.Furthermore,the refining process significantly reduces the nutritional contents of rice(51.6%),wheat flour(55.4%),and corn products(80.4%)mainly resulting from the removal of dietary fiber,minerals,and vitamins in refined grains.Replacing refined grains with whole grains in diets would lower agricultural carbon emissions by 2.7%,reducing agricultural water use by 4.3%,and saving arable land by 1,972,607 ha.Total environmental footprint could be reduced by 35%to 79%under three proposed scenarios.These findings indicate that shifting toward whole grain-based diets by Chinese consumers could reduce food losses,enhance human health,and improve environmental sustainability.This approach offers a promising strategy for transitioning towards more resilient and sustainable agri-food systems,benefiting human and planetary health.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD2100205)the Fujian Province Science and Technology Plan Project,China(2023N3008).
文摘With the rapid growth of the global population and the increasing demand for healthier diets,improving the nutrient utilization efficiency of staple food crops has become a critical scientific and industrial chal-lenge,prompting innovation in food processing technologies.This review introduces first the common nutritional challenges in the processing of staple food crops,followed by the comprehensive examination of research aiming to enhance the nutritional quality of staple food crop-based foods through innovative processing technologies,including microwave(MW),pulsed electric field(PEF),ultrasound,modern fer-mentation technology,and enzyme technology.Additionally,soybean processing is used as an example to underscore the importance of integrating innovative processing technologies for optimizing nutrient utilization in staple food crops.Although these innovative processing technologies have demonstrated a significant potential to improve nutrient utilization efficiency and enhance the overall nutritional pro-file of staple food crop-based food products,their current limitations must be acknowledged and addressed in future research.Fortunately,advancements in science and technology will facilitate pro-gress in food processing,enabling both the improvement of existing techniques as well as the develop-ment of entirely novel methodologies.This work aims to enhance the understanding of food practitioners on the way processing technologies may optimize nutrient utilization,thereby fostering innovation in food processing research and synergistic multi-technological strategies,ultimately providing valuable references to address global food security challenges.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32060520)Science and Technology Talents and Platform Program of Yunnan Province(202105AF150049)University Key Laboratory of Food Microbial Resources and Utilization in Yunnan Province(Yunjiaofa[2018]No.135).
文摘In order to ensure food safety,controlling foodborne pathogen contamination is of utmost importance.Growing apprehensions regarding the safety of synthetic antimicrobials,due to their adverse health effects,have prompted a search for alternative options.Plant natural products(PNPs)with antimicrobial activity are being explored as a viable alternative.Among the various antimicrobial natural products studied,plant essential oils,plant flavonoids,plant polyphenols,plant polysaccharides,and plant antimicrobial peptides have been identified as potential candidates.PNPs demonstrate a diverse array of antimicrobial mechanisms,encompassing cell wall and membrane damage,interference with genetic replication,disruption of energy metabolism,and induction of oxidative stress at the single-cell level,as well as inhibition of biofilm formation and quorum sensing at the population level.Certain PNPs have been harnessed as natural antimicrobial agents for the food preservation.The utilization of encapsulation technology proves to be an effective strategy in protecting PNPs,thereby ensuring good antimicrobial efficacy,enhanced dispersibility,and controlled release within food products.The utilization of nanoemulsions,nanoliposomes,edible packaging,electrospun nanofibers,and microcapsules formed by encapsulation has enriched the ways in which PNPs can be applied in food preservation.Although PNPs have great potential in food preservation,their widespread application in the food industry is currently constrained by factors such as production costs,safety concerns,and legal considerations.Chemical synthesis and biosynthesis pathways offer viable strategies for reducing the cost of producing PNPs,and ongoing efforts to assess safety and improve regulatory frameworks are likely to facilitate the broader adoption of PNPs in food preservation practices.This article provides an overview of the main types of PNPs with antimicrobial activity and their properties,focusing on their mechanisms of action.Additionally,it summarizes the use of PNPs in food preservation and discusses the characteristics and applications of different encapsulation technologies.Lastly,the paper briefly analyzes current limitations and proposes potential future trends for this field.
文摘Food safety,specifically in restaurants,is becoming a key public health priority because of the increased number of meals eaten outside the home.Foodborne illness prevention thus is a significant concern and a public health priority in the United Arab Emirates,particularly Dubai,because of the extensive tourism industry.The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of using demonstrations in training sessions to improve food safety knowledge and practices amongst food handlers.A descriptive and quantitative approach has been applied to collect the quantifiable information related to the research study.This has been further analyzed using the correlation tests to gather the required data.On comparison of the pre-test scores between the intervention and the control group,the t-test analysis showed significant difference in the level of food safety knowledge between the two groups.Pre-test score for the control group was 78.33 and post-test score was 104.66.In the case of the intervention group,pre-test score was 91.37 and post-test score was 130.75.The scores of food handlers’food safety practice for control group:pre-treatment score was 470 and post-treatment score was 646.For intervention group:pre-test score was 723 and post-test score was 1,056.The study concluded that training with demonstration techniques is an effective way of improving compliance with food safety guidelines.It has been understood that training helps in improving the performance of the employees while reducing the foodborne diseases and maintaining hygiene in the food.The study recommends every restaurant needs to provide regular trainings to the employees so that the restaurants can maintain hygiene and food safety practices.
文摘This study took the teaching practice of food-related majors in Chengdu University,a representative applied institution in China,as an example.Aligning with the course characteristics and educational objectives of Functional Foods,it introduced the features of the BOPPPS teaching model and its implementation in course design.By incorporating research cases and presenting teaching examples,the steps and methods of BOPPPS-based teaching reform were explored while incorporating ideological and political elements into specialized instruction.This study provides insights and references for reforming other food-related courses and contributes to cultivating more food professionals with practical awareness and critical thinking.
基金funded by National Key Research and Development Program for Young Scientists of China(2022YFF1102900)Hebei Province High-level Talent Funding Project(C20221009)。
文摘This study established a method using gas chromatography-electrostatic field Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry(Orbitrap GC-MS)for the simultaneous determination of 70 organic pollutants across 4 categories:organochlorine pesticides(OCPs),polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs),polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs),and phthalates(PAEs)in infant cereal-based supplementary foods.Techniques integrating cryogenic centrifugation and lipid and protein adsorbent(LPAS)purification were employed.The precise mass numbers of target compounds were determined by Orbitrap GC-MS in full-scan mode(Full MS),which effectively minimized matrix interferences in these foods.Method validation on rice flour samples demonstrated that the 70 compounds exhibited excellent linearity within their respective mass concentration ranges,with correlation coefficients all exceeding 0.995.The detection limits for this method ranged 0.10–1.00μg/kg,while the quantification limits varied 0.3–3.0μg/kg,meeting the established detection requirements.The average spike recovery of the 70 compounds at 3 spiked levels(5,20,and 100μg/kg)ranged 75.3%–119.3%,with relative standard deviations ranging 1.8%–10.8%.Both inter-day and intra-day precision demonstrated relative standard deviation values below 15%.This method was applied to analyze 100 samples of commercial infant cereal-based supplementary food,revealing the presence of PAEs and PAHs in 12.0%of the samples.Notably,no OCPs or PCBs were detected.The detected concentrations of benzo[a]pyrene(Ba P)and dibutyl phthalate(DBP)were(4.2±0.1)and(1.8±0.3)μg/kg,respectively.This method is straightforward,highly sensitive,and suitable for the rapid screening and confirmation of 70 organic pollutants in infant cereal-based supplementary foods.
文摘Apple polyphenols are widely present in apple pulp,peel,kernel,and leaves.They are natural bioactive substances with a variety of health functions.This review describes the antioxidant functions of anthocyanins,quercetin,phlorizin,chlorogenic acid,and epicatechin in apple polyphenols through the regulation of signal pathways and transcription factors,and the inhibition or induction of enzymes.Massive food applications of apple polyphenols are summarized,including excellent color protection of fruits and vegetables,meat preservation,preparation of composite packaging fi lms as active ingredients,enhancement of nutritional value as functional ingredients,and improvement of food taste and physical stability.This review would provide a reference for the exploration of apple polyphenol resources and its development in the food field.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Project of China(2017YFC1600702)the Central Funds Guiding the Local Science and Technology Development of China(2020JH6/10500002).
文摘Cadmium accumulation in seafood has become a major concern for human health.Recently,there has been an increasing focus on the potential risks associated with food-borne fluorescent carbon dots(CDs)that are formed during the thermal processing of seafood.The co-occurrence of cadmium and CDs from cooked seafood become a common phenomenon and co-exposure of them to human has been an inevitable route during long-term seafood consuming.In addition,it has been widely recognized that CDs can be used as nanocarriers for metal ion chelation for their transport into organisms,thereby,they could influence the bioavailability of metal ion.While there have been numerous studies on the toxic effects of cadmium or CDs,none have explored the combined toxicity of food-borne CDs from clams(CCDs)and Cd^(2+).In this study,we investigated the single or co-exposure(combined exposure)of Cd^(2+)and CCDs on PC12 cells to investigate the combined toxicity of them.Our analysis of cell viability revealed that CCDs significantly augmented the cytotoxicity induced by Cd^(2+).More in-depth metabolomics and lipidomics investigation indicated that the combined exposure of Cd^(2+)and CCDs led to significant metabolic disorders,causing an antagonistic effect on energy metabolism,and a synergistic effect on amino acids and lipids metabolism.The disturbance in metabolomics and lipidomics was further supported by the disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species following co-exposure.These findings provide new evidence that support the enhanced cytotoxicity of Cd^(2+)by the CCDs derived from the thermal processing of clams.This study also declares the necessary that prioritize the investigation of the potential impact of other thermal processing hazards originating from heat-processed foods on the toxicity of heavy metal ions.
基金Incubation Program of Youth Innovation in Shandong ProvinceKey Research and Development Program of Shandong Province(2021TZXD007)。
文摘Food allergy has become a global concern.Spleen tyrosine kinase(SYK)inhibitors are promising therapeutics against allergic disorders.In this study,a total of 300 natural phenolic compounds were firstly subjected to virtual screening.Sesamin and its metabolites,sesamin monocatechol(SC-1)and sesamin dicatechol(SC-2),were identified as potential SYK inhibitors,showing high binding affinity and inhibition efficiency towards SYK.Compared with R406(a traditional SYK inhibitor),sesamin,SC-1,and SC-2 had lower binding energy and inhibition constant(Ki)during molecular docking,exhibited higher bioavailability,safety,metabolism/clearance rate,and distribution uniformity ADMET predictions,and showed high stability in occupying the ATP-binding pocket of SYK during molecular dynamics simulations.In anti-dinitrophenyl-immunoglobulin E(Anti-DNP-Ig E)/dinitrophenyl-human serum albumin(DNP-HSA)-stimulated rat basophilic leukemia(RBL-2H3)cells,sesamin in the concentration range of 5-80μmol/L influenced significantly the degranulation and cytokine release,with 54.00%inhibition againstβ-hexosaminidase release and 58.45%decrease in histamine.In BALB/c mice,sesamin could ameliorate Anti-DNP-Ig E/DNP-HSA-induced passive cutaneous anaphylaxis(PCA)and ovalbumin(OVA)-induced active systemic anaphylaxis(ASA)reactions,reduce the levels of allergic mediators(immunoglobulins and pro-inflammatory cytokines),partially correct the imbalance of T helper(Th)cells differentiation in the spleen,and inhibit the phosphorylation of SYK and its downstream signaling proteins,including p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases(p38 MAPK),extracellular signalregulated kinases(ERK),and p65 nuclear factor-κB(p65 NF-κB)in the spleen.Thus,sesamin may be a safe and versatile SYK inhibitor that can alleviate Ig E-mediated food allergies.
文摘Mycotoxins are the toxic metabolites produced by the fungi that grow in food crops;however,the modified mycotoxins are the undetectable metabolites during testing for the parent mycotoxin.Although more than 300 mycotoxins were discovered and identified,little is known about the effects of most of them or their modified forms on child health.Aflatoxins are well known to induce liver cancer and play a significant role in the impairment of child growth.Fumonisin also are known to induce esophageal cancer and neural tube defects.However,deoxynivalenol and the other trichothecenes are well known as immunotoxic and induce gastroenteritis.In this review,the adverse health hazards in children associated with the major mycotoxins as well as the modified forms of fusarium mycotoxins were described.Additionally,the global burden of the health ghazards resulted from the exposure of children to dietary mycotoxin.The risk assessment,risk characterization and the challenges in risk characterization of multiple mycotoxins in children food were discussed.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China (LH2023C033)。
文摘Food allergy(FA) is an aberrant immune response triggered by the ingestion of a food antigen.Ovalbumin(OVA)-sensitized and challenged BALB/c mice were orally administered heat-killed(HK)-Lactobacillus paracasei JY56.In this work,HK-L.paracasei JY56 alleviated the FA-induced decrease in body weight and rectal temperature and reduced the allergy score.Serum analysis showed that HK-L.paracasei JY56 reduced the levels of specific antibodies(OVA-specific Immunoglobulin E(sIgE) and OVA-specific Immunoglobulin G(sIgG)) and allergic mediators(histamine and mast cell protease) in FA mice.In addition,HK-L.paracasei JY56 also could alleviate OVA-induced FA by suppressing T helper(Th)2 and Th17-type immune responses,which was evidenced by the regulation of splenic lymphocyte subpopulations and associated cytokine secretion.Moreover,jejunal histological analysis and intestinal barrier function related gene expression measurement were performed to verify the intestinal barrier repair of HK-L.paracasei JY56.Meanwhile,the TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory pathway activation was inhibited by HK-L.paracasei JY56 at gene and protein levels.Finally,HK-L.paracasei JY56 was performed to modulate the gut microbiota structure and increase the levels of short-chain fatty acids.In conclusion,HK-L.paracasei JY56 could alleviate OVA-induced FA in multiple ways,and this study provides a theoretical basis for the application of inactivated probiotics in functional foods for FA.
基金supported financially by the National Key Research and Science Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China(2022YFC2303900)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(7232242).
文摘Antimicrobial resistance(AMR)has become a critical global public health challenge in the 21st century.Since the initial isolation of a blaNDM-1-carrying and carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae from an Indian hospital in 2009[1],the escalating prevalence of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase(NDM)-encoding genes(blaNDM)has transformed carbapenem resistance into a worldwide phenomenon,transcending national and regional boundaries[2].Up to 90 distinct NDM variants have been reported globally according to the NCBI GenBank Pathogens database.Plasmidmediated horizontal gene transfer(HGT),which occurs both within and across bacterial species,has significantly accelerated the global dissemination of blaNDM-related genes and the associated resistance[3].Carbapenem-resistant pathogens were responsible for 200,000 deaths globally in 2019[4].Although NDM-1 has been relatively well characterized[5],the epidemiological profiles of other NDM variants require continued surveillance and indepth investigation.The novel NDM-9 variant(GenBank accession no.KC999080)was first identified in 2013 from a clinically significant isolate of Klebsiella pneumoniae ST107 strain PPH1303 with a high level of resistance to carbapenems recovered from the urine culture of a pediatric patient in Beijing,China,who had acute lymphocytic leukemia and had undergone allogeneic stem cell transplantation[6].
基金Teaching Quality and Teaching Reform Project Construction Project of 2025 Guangdong Undergraduate Universities,Green Processing Industry College for Lingnan Specialty Fruits and Vegetables(Project No.:PX-972025140)Teaching Quality and Teaching Reform Project Construction Project of 2022 Guangdong Undergraduate Universities,Guangdong Ocean University-Xizhilang Science and Technology Integration Practice Teaching Base(Project No.:310117062201)2024 Guangdong Provincial Education Science Research Project(Special Program for Higher Education)(Project No.:2024GXJK1042)。
文摘With the development of globalization,international communication in the food industry has become increasingly frequent.Mastering English skills related to the food profession can help students communicate effectively with international peers,enhance their adaptability in international enterprises,and boost their employment competitiveness,thereby expanding career development opportunities.The food professional English course is a mandatory subject set by universities to cultivate high-quality talents in the food field,enabling students to better understand the food cultures and consumption habits of different countries and regions.Furthermore,mastering relevant English skills allows students to access cutting-edge food science research techniques and the latest scientific achievements,promoting innovation in research levels.To enhance the cultivation of English skills and comprehensive qualities among food professionals,which will have a profound impact on their future learning,research,and career development,this article primarily analyzes the teaching reform pathways for food professional English courses under the new conditions of globalization and artificial intelligence.It was hoped that the viewpoints presented in this article can provide relevant guidance for the improvement and enhancement of food professional English courses.
基金Supported by Hebei Provincial Outstanding Talent Development ProgramTangshan Talent Funding Project(A202202005).
文摘Food safety has always been a critical issue concerning people s livelihoods.The complexity and diversity of hazardous substances in food make systematical and scientifical identification of potential risk factors affecting food safety and accurate assessment and early warning for such risks one of the urgent problems for food safety inspection authorities.This paper explored food safety risk identification technologies,food safety risk monitoring technologies,and food safety risk early warning methods,aiming to provide theoretical support and research insights for improving food risk early warning systems.
基金funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272239)Demonstration Project of Sichuan Province for the Transfer and Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements(2024ZHCG0079)+1 种基金Chongqing Technological Innovation Alliance for Agricultural Products Processing Industry(CTIA-APPI 2024-2-1)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFD2100101).
文摘Chickpea(Cicer arietinum Linn.)is a widely cultivated edible legume worldwide.Starch is the major carbohydrate in chickpea seeds and amounts up to 50%of the dry matter.Compared with other legume starches and cereal starches,there is a lack of systematic review on chickpea starch.Herein,this review summarized the extraction,composition,structure,properties,modification and food uses of chickpea starch.Literatures showed that chickpea starch exhibited unique molecular structures and functional properties differed from other starches from legumes,cereal and tubers.Moreover,chickpea starch has been found to have remarkable resistance to digestion.The chickpea resistant starch showed prebiotic effect and potential health benefits.To date,chickpea starch has been modified by physical,chemical,biological and dual modification methods to change its functional properties such as swelling power,solubility,thermal,pasting,gel textural properties,and digestibility,which are essential to widen its applications.In food sectors,chickpea starch could be used as fillings,thickeners,gelling agents or a source of resistant starch in various formulated foods.In the end,suggestions on how to deeply understand and exploit chickpea starch are proposed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32360564)the Guangxi Science and Technology Major Project(2021AA17011)the Nanning Government Specially-invited Expert Program,and Guangxi University Natural Science and Technological Innovation Development Multiplication Plan Project(2022BZRC010).
文摘Trehalose is an autophagy-promoting disaccharide,which can improve and delay chronic diseases like neurodegenerative diseases and atherosclerosis,but its bioavailability is severely restricted by endogenous trehalase in mammals.Trehalase inhibitor is a promising and effective way to enhance trehalose bioavailability by preventing trehalose from hydrolyzing.However,previously reported trehalase inhibitors still face safety of long-term use and promiscuous inhibition on intestinal glycosidases.This study carried out a high-throughput virtual screening through molecular pool-based molecular docking combined with in vitro inhibition experiments to screen trehalase inhibitors naturally derived from foods.Out of 1769 small molecules,which include 115 analogs of trehalose,natural monosaccharides,disaccharides,trisaccharides,imidazoles and their derivatives,as well as 20 natural amino acids and their 400 dipeptides,isomaltose,α-isomaltulose,and isomaltitol exhibited the best inhibitory activities,beyond as traditional sweetener and prebiotic.Best of all,isomaltose showed the half maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50)and inhibition constant(Ki)values on trehalase of 5.59 and(2.1760±0.3431)mmol/L,respectively.Moreover,isomaltose was resistant to the simulated digestive environment and did not affect intestinal glycosidases such asα-glucosidase and glucoamylase,making it a reliable edible candidate for a trehalase inhibitor.This study provides new insights into the virtual screening-based identification of new food-derived trehalase inhibitors for enhanced integrity and bioavailability of orally administered trehalose,especially repurposing a prebiotic for another new use as trehalase inhibitor.
文摘The study investigated the relationship between climatic variables and food security in households in the districts of Huancayo(Chongos Alto,Viques,Pucará,and Huancayo)during the COVID-19 pandemic.A cross-sectional observational study was conducted with a sample of 272 households out of 36,453.Food security data were collected through ques-tionnaires,and climatic variables(temperature,humidity,and precipitation)were obtained from CEPREANDES weather stations between September 2020 and February 2021.The results showed that 44.49% of households experienced mild food insecurity,while 55.5%experienced moderate food insecurity.Recorded climatic conditions included maximum temperatures of 28℃ in Pucaráand 27℃ in Huancayo,and a minimum of-8℃ in Chongos Alto.Relative humidity reached 89%in Pucaráand 87%in Chongos Alto and Huancayo,while maximum rainfall was 28 mm in Chongos Alto and 23 mm in Huancayo.Multivariate analysis revealed that relative humidity had a significant association with moderate food insecurity(B=16.406;95% CI:-64735 to 64768),increasing the risk 16 times under high humidity conditions.No significant relationships were found with temperature(B=-7.107;95% CI:-77320 to 77306)or precipitation(B=-7.831;95% CI:-25690 to 25674).It was concluded that relative humidity is a key factor in food security,particularly during the pandemic,while other climatic variables showed no significant impacts.These findings highlight the need for urgent adaptations to climatic challenges in vulnerable contexts.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32060577 and 32360619)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(20224ACB203016 and 20212BAB203034)the Open Project of China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center(CFC2023B-013).
文摘Acrylamide(AA)is a neurotoxin and carcinogen that formed during the thermal food processing.Conventional quantification techniques are difficult to realize on-site detection of AA.Herein,a flower-like bimetallic FeCu nanozyme(FeCuzyme)sensor and portable platform were developed for naked-eye and on-site detection of AA.The FeCuzyme was successfully prepared and exhibited flower-like structure with 3D catalytic centers.Fe/Cu atoms were considered as active center and ligand frameworks were used as cofactor,resulting in collaborative substrate-binding features and remarkably peroxidase-like activity.During the catalytic process,the 3,3′,5,5′-tetrame-thylbenzidine(TMB)oxidation can be quenched by glutathione(GSH),and then restored after thiolene Michael addition reaction between GSH and AA.Given the“on–off–on”effect for TMB oxidation and high PODlike activity,FeCuzyme sensor exhibited a wide linear relationship from 0.50 to 18.00μM(R^(2)=0.9987)and high sensitivity(LOD=0.2360μM)with high stability.The practical application of FeCuzyme sensor was successfully validated by HPLC method.Furthermore,a FeCuzyme portable platform was designed with smartphone/laptop,and which can be used for naked-eye and on-site quantitative determination of AA in real food samples.This research provides a way for rational design of a novel nanozyme-based sensing platform for AA detection.
文摘This study examines the role of maize in food security and economic stability,focusing on its response to climate change and strategies to enhance resilience.Using a qualitative descriptive research methodology,the study analyzes the impact of climate change on global maize production and proposes innovative strategies for sustainability and food security.The agricultural environment is vulnerable to heavy metal toxicity,which is linked to the relationship between soil health and climate change.From 1850 to 2020,the Earth’s temperature increased by 1.1℃,with projections indicating continued warming.This trend has significant economic implications,particularly in developing countries where agriculture employs 69%of the population.Heat waves and droughts represent abiotic stresses faced by maize.Research suggests that high greenhouse gas emissions could lead to a 24%reduction in maize yield by 2030.The study highlights the need to focus on breeding and phenotyping technologies to develop heat-and drought-tolerant maize varieties that use water efficiently.Additionally,strategies such as genomic editing,transcriptome analysis,and maize quality mapping are crucial to addressing these challenges.Developing insect-resistant maize is another objective.This study emphasizes the necessity of ongoing research to improve agricultural productivity and ensure food security,especially in light of global population growth.It also advocates for new regulations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions,which contribute to global warming.
