This editorial comment on the article by Agidew et al in the recent issue of the World Journal of Clinical Oncology.Breast cancer remains a growing challenge in Ethiopia,where high mortality results from low awareness...This editorial comment on the article by Agidew et al in the recent issue of the World Journal of Clinical Oncology.Breast cancer remains a growing challenge in Ethiopia,where high mortality results from low awareness,delayed diagnosis,and restricted healthcare access.Agidew et al report that women with a family history of breast disease exhibit significantly higher levels of knowledge(83.9%vs 10.5%),more positive attitudes(49%vs 32.1%),and greater engagement in pre-ventive practices(74.1%vs 16.7%).However,with 69%-79%of women living below the poverty line,socioeconomic barriers severely limit preventive actions.Education,income,and community health insurance emerge as key predictors of health behaviors.We propose integrated interventions including deploying co-mmunity-based approaches,culturally tailored education,and artificial intelli-gence-powered education tools,to bridge knowledge gaps and transform aware-ness into action.This multifaceted strategy offers a scalable model for resource-limited settings globally,addressing both individual awareness and structural barriers to improve breast cancer outcomes.展开更多
Sex differences in the susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2 infection and severity have been controversial,and the underlying mechanisms of COVID-19 in a sex-specific manner remain understudied.Here we inspected sex differenc...Sex differences in the susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2 infection and severity have been controversial,and the underlying mechanisms of COVID-19 in a sex-specific manner remain understudied.Here we inspected sex differences in SARS-CoV-2 infection,hospitalization,admission to the intensive care unit(ICU),sera inflammatory biomarker profiling,and single-cell RNA-sequencing(scRNA-seq)profiles across nasal,bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF),and peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)from COVID-19 patients with varying degrees of disease severities.Our propensity score-matching observations revealed that male individuals have a 29%elevated likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 positivity,with a hazard ratio(HR)1.32(95%confidence interval[Cl]1.18-1.48)for hospitalization and HR 1.51(95%Cl 1.24-1.84)for admission to ICU.Sera from male patients at hospital admission had elevated neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and elevated expression of inflammatory markers(C-reactive protein and procalcitonin).We found that SARS-CoV-2 entry factors,including ACE2,TMPRSS2,FURIN,and NRP1,have elevated expression in nasal squamous cells from male individuals with moderate and severe COVID-19.We observed male-biased transcriptional activation in SARS-CoV-2-infected macrophages from BALF and sputum samples,which offers potential molecular mechanism for sex-biased susceptibility to viral infection.Cell-cell interaction network analysis reveals potential epithelium-immune cell interactions and immune vulnerability underlying male-elevated disease severity and mortality in COVID-19.Mechanistically,monocyte-elevated expression of Toll-like receptor 7{TLR7)and Bruton tyrosine kinase{BTK)is associated with severe outcomes in males with COVID-19.In summary,these findings provide basis to decipher immune responses underlying sex differences and designing sex-specific targeted interventions and patient care for COVID-19.展开更多
文摘This editorial comment on the article by Agidew et al in the recent issue of the World Journal of Clinical Oncology.Breast cancer remains a growing challenge in Ethiopia,where high mortality results from low awareness,delayed diagnosis,and restricted healthcare access.Agidew et al report that women with a family history of breast disease exhibit significantly higher levels of knowledge(83.9%vs 10.5%),more positive attitudes(49%vs 32.1%),and greater engagement in pre-ventive practices(74.1%vs 16.7%).However,with 69%-79%of women living below the poverty line,socioeconomic barriers severely limit preventive actions.Education,income,and community health insurance emerge as key predictors of health behaviors.We propose integrated interventions including deploying co-mmunity-based approaches,culturally tailored education,and artificial intelli-gence-powered education tools,to bridge knowledge gaps and transform aware-ness into action.This multifaceted strategy offers a scalable model for resource-limited settings globally,addressing both individual awareness and structural barriers to improve breast cancer outcomes.
基金This work was supported by the National Institute of Aging(R01AG066707 and 3R01AG066707-01S1)the National Heart,Lung,and Blood Institute(R00HL138272)to F.C+1 种基金This work has been also supported in part by the VeloSano Pilot Program(Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute)to F.C.and J.D.LThis work was partly supported by NIH P01 CA245705 and NIH R01 NS109742 to J.D.L.
文摘Sex differences in the susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2 infection and severity have been controversial,and the underlying mechanisms of COVID-19 in a sex-specific manner remain understudied.Here we inspected sex differences in SARS-CoV-2 infection,hospitalization,admission to the intensive care unit(ICU),sera inflammatory biomarker profiling,and single-cell RNA-sequencing(scRNA-seq)profiles across nasal,bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF),and peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)from COVID-19 patients with varying degrees of disease severities.Our propensity score-matching observations revealed that male individuals have a 29%elevated likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 positivity,with a hazard ratio(HR)1.32(95%confidence interval[Cl]1.18-1.48)for hospitalization and HR 1.51(95%Cl 1.24-1.84)for admission to ICU.Sera from male patients at hospital admission had elevated neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and elevated expression of inflammatory markers(C-reactive protein and procalcitonin).We found that SARS-CoV-2 entry factors,including ACE2,TMPRSS2,FURIN,and NRP1,have elevated expression in nasal squamous cells from male individuals with moderate and severe COVID-19.We observed male-biased transcriptional activation in SARS-CoV-2-infected macrophages from BALF and sputum samples,which offers potential molecular mechanism for sex-biased susceptibility to viral infection.Cell-cell interaction network analysis reveals potential epithelium-immune cell interactions and immune vulnerability underlying male-elevated disease severity and mortality in COVID-19.Mechanistically,monocyte-elevated expression of Toll-like receptor 7{TLR7)and Bruton tyrosine kinase{BTK)is associated with severe outcomes in males with COVID-19.In summary,these findings provide basis to decipher immune responses underlying sex differences and designing sex-specific targeted interventions and patient care for COVID-19.
