The Western Sichuan Foreland Basin(WSFB)in South China,a prolific hydrocarbon province,exhibits complex structural deformation influenced by Triassic salt tectonics.This paper integrates seismic data and well data to ...The Western Sichuan Foreland Basin(WSFB)in South China,a prolific hydrocarbon province,exhibits complex structural deformation influenced by Triassic salt tectonics.This paper integrates seismic data and well data to elucidate the role of Middle-Lower Triassic evaporite layers in shaping basin structures,focusing on Xinchang Tectonic Zone(XTZ).Salt layers facilitated decoupled deformation between supra-and sub-salt sequences,forming salt pillows and fault-related folds.Three distinct structural trends were identified in XTZ.Key findings reveal that salt thickness variations correlate with deformation styles:thicker salt promoted detachment folding,while thinner salt led to hard-linked fault systems.Sub-salt E-NE trending reverse faults formed horsetail terminations associated with the Pengzhou faults(PzF),deviating from the primary Longmenshan thrust belt(LmsTB)orientation.Structural evolution occurred in three stages:(1)Indosinian salt deposition and foreland basin initiation;(2)Yanshanian eastward propagation of thrust systems with salt-driven detachment folding;(3)Himalayan reactivation overprinting earlier structures with sub-NS trending folds.This work establishes a direct link between salt layers and structural traps,demonstrating how salt acted as a critical detachment layer during multi-stage compression.Results provide insights into the gas exploration of the Late Triassic Xujiahe Formation,emphasizing the importance of salt-influenced deformation in foreland basin systems.展开更多
Deepwater turbidite lobe reservoirs have massive hydrocarbon potential and represent one of the most promising exploration targets for hydrocarbon industry.Key elements of turbidite lobes internal heterogeneity includ...Deepwater turbidite lobe reservoirs have massive hydrocarbon potential and represent one of the most promising exploration targets for hydrocarbon industry.Key elements of turbidite lobes internal heterogeneity include the architectural hierarchy and complex amalgamations at each hierarchical level leading to the complex distribution of shale drapes.Due to limitation of data,to build models realistically honoring the reservoir architecture provides an effective way to reduce risk and improve hydrocarbon recovery.A variety of modeling techniques on turbidite lobes exist and can be broadly grouped into pixel-based,process-based,process-oriented,surface-based,object-based and a hybrid approach of two or more of these methods.The rationale and working process of methods is reviewed,along with their pros and cons.In terms of geological realism,object-based models can capture the most realistic architectures,including the multiple hierarchy and the amalgamations at different hierarchical levels.In terms of data conditioning,pixel-based and multiple-point statistics methods could honor the input data to the best degree.In practical,dif?ferent methods should be adopted depending on the goal of the project.Such a review could improve the understanding of existing modeling methods on turbidite lobes and could benefit the hydrocarbon exploration activities of such reservoirs in offshore China.展开更多
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41602161,92255302)the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(Project No.2016ZX05033)Sinopec Science and Technology Development Project(Project No.P18089-1,P22085).
文摘The Western Sichuan Foreland Basin(WSFB)in South China,a prolific hydrocarbon province,exhibits complex structural deformation influenced by Triassic salt tectonics.This paper integrates seismic data and well data to elucidate the role of Middle-Lower Triassic evaporite layers in shaping basin structures,focusing on Xinchang Tectonic Zone(XTZ).Salt layers facilitated decoupled deformation between supra-and sub-salt sequences,forming salt pillows and fault-related folds.Three distinct structural trends were identified in XTZ.Key findings reveal that salt thickness variations correlate with deformation styles:thicker salt promoted detachment folding,while thinner salt led to hard-linked fault systems.Sub-salt E-NE trending reverse faults formed horsetail terminations associated with the Pengzhou faults(PzF),deviating from the primary Longmenshan thrust belt(LmsTB)orientation.Structural evolution occurred in three stages:(1)Indosinian salt deposition and foreland basin initiation;(2)Yanshanian eastward propagation of thrust systems with salt-driven detachment folding;(3)Himalayan reactivation overprinting earlier structures with sub-NS trending folds.This work establishes a direct link between salt layers and structural traps,demonstrating how salt acted as a critical detachment layer during multi-stage compression.Results provide insights into the gas exploration of the Late Triassic Xujiahe Formation,emphasizing the importance of salt-influenced deformation in foreland basin systems.
基金China Scholarship Council,University College Dublin are thanked for the financial support.
文摘Deepwater turbidite lobe reservoirs have massive hydrocarbon potential and represent one of the most promising exploration targets for hydrocarbon industry.Key elements of turbidite lobes internal heterogeneity include the architectural hierarchy and complex amalgamations at each hierarchical level leading to the complex distribution of shale drapes.Due to limitation of data,to build models realistically honoring the reservoir architecture provides an effective way to reduce risk and improve hydrocarbon recovery.A variety of modeling techniques on turbidite lobes exist and can be broadly grouped into pixel-based,process-based,process-oriented,surface-based,object-based and a hybrid approach of two or more of these methods.The rationale and working process of methods is reviewed,along with their pros and cons.In terms of geological realism,object-based models can capture the most realistic architectures,including the multiple hierarchy and the amalgamations at different hierarchical levels.In terms of data conditioning,pixel-based and multiple-point statistics methods could honor the input data to the best degree.In practical,dif?ferent methods should be adopted depending on the goal of the project.Such a review could improve the understanding of existing modeling methods on turbidite lobes and could benefit the hydrocarbon exploration activities of such reservoirs in offshore China.
