This study evaluates the trace element contents (cadmium, lead, mercury and arsenic) in soils, sediments and rock residues of the artisanal gold mining site of Lite-Bala in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Random sam...This study evaluates the trace element contents (cadmium, lead, mercury and arsenic) in soils, sediments and rock residues of the artisanal gold mining site of Lite-Bala in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Random sampling, physicochemical analysis and analysis of total and soluble trace elements by ICP-OES spectrometry as well as calculations of pollution indices (FE and Igeo) and partition coefficient (kd) were carried out in two areas in the dry season and in the rainy season. The soils and sediments of the site are acidic, oxidizing, poor in organic carbon with clayey to sandy textures. Artisanal gold mining at Lite-Bala does not affect, to date, the cadmium, lead, mercury and arsenic contents of soils and sediments. On the other hand, the presence of these elements in rock residues, even in low levels, and the mechanization of this exploitation will have an impact on them in the long term;in particular for Hg used as an input and whose levels are close to the higher standard in surface soils.展开更多
Groundwater,surface water and tap water contamination by PTEs(Potentially Toxic Elements)was assessed in Kipushi town and Lupoto locality of Kipushi administrative territory in the Upper-Katanga province,Democratic Re...Groundwater,surface water and tap water contamination by PTEs(Potentially Toxic Elements)was assessed in Kipushi town and Lupoto locality of Kipushi administrative territory in the Upper-Katanga province,Democratic Republic of Congo.A total of fifty four water samples including thirty two samples from drilled water wells,ten samples from spade-sunk water wells,six samples from supplied tap water,four samples from a mine effluent and two samples from a river were collected from both localities in November and December 2017 and in January,February and March 2018.Then the samples were analyzed for their PTE contents by ICP-SF-MS(Inductively Coupled Plasma-Sector Field Mass Spectrometry).Twenty PTEs including aluminum,arsenic,barium,bismuth,cadmium,cesium,chromium,cobalt,copper,iron,lead,manganese,molybdenum,nickel,strontium,thallium,tungsten,uranium,vanadium and zinc were detected at various concentrations in each one of the samples.Many samples had concentrations and mean concentrations of PTE,such as arsenic,aluminum,cadmium,iron,lead,manganese and zinc,higher than the respective acceptable limits set for drinking water by the EU(European Union),the USEPA(United States Environmental Protection Agency),and the WHO(World Health Organization)standards.Most PTEs being deleterious to human health even at very low concentrations,people who use the groundwater,surface water and tap water to meet their water needs in both localities are at risk.展开更多
The Agadem block is an area of major oil interest located in the large sedimentary basin of Termit,in the south-east of the Republic of Niger.Since the 1950s,this basin has known geological and geophysical research ac...The Agadem block is an area of major oil interest located in the large sedimentary basin of Termit,in the south-east of the Republic of Niger.Since the 1950s,this basin has known geological and geophysical research activities.However,despite the extensive research carried out,we believe that a geophysical contribution in terms of magnetic properties and their repercussions on the structure of the Agadem block allowing the improvement of existing knowledge is essential.The present study aims to study the structural characteristics of the Agadem block associated with magnetic anomalies.For this,after data shaping,several filtering techniques were applied to the aeromagnetic data to identify and map deep geological structures.The reduction to the pole map shows large negative wavelength anomalies in the southeast half of the block and short positive wavelength anomalies in the northwest part embedded in a large positive anomaly occupying the lower northern half of the block.The maps of the total horizontal derivative and tilt angle show lineaments globally distributed along the NW-SE direction in accordance with the structural style of the study area.The resulting map highlights numerous lineaments that may be associated with faults hidden by the sedimentary cover.The calculation of the Euler deconvolution allowed us to locate and estimate the depths of magnetic sources at variable depths of up to 4000 m.The compilation of the results obtained allowed us to locate zones of high and low intensities which correspond respectively to horsts and grabens as major structures of the Agadem block.展开更多
This study addresses the pressing need to evaluate the quality of water resources in the Oued Guir watershed,highlighting the importance of monitoring both surface water and groundwater in the context of environmental...This study addresses the pressing need to evaluate the quality of water resources in the Oued Guir watershed,highlighting the importance of monitoring both surface water and groundwater in the context of environmental and public health.It focuses on the evaluation of physicochemical and bacteriological water quality downstream of the Kaddoussa Dam,as well as the characterization of wastewater from the Boudnib treatment plant discharged into Oued Guir.The goal is to assess the health of aquatic ecosystems and understand the impact of anthropogenic activities on these sensitive environments.A comprehensive analysis was conducted at 15 selected stations during a sampling campaign in November 2023.Groundwater and surface water were assessed using 10 physicochemical parameters,while bacteriological quality was evaluated based on fecal coliforms and Escherichia coli.In addition,38 parameters were studied to characterize the wastewater discharge.All analyses followed standard procedures and the results were compared to Moroccan and World Health Organization(WHO)standards.The study revealed that surface water and groundwater in the study area exhibited strong mineralization,with Electrical Conductivity(EC)exceeding 1400µS/cm at all stations.Nitrogen quality,in terms of Nitrates(NO₃⁻),was moderate across stations,while Ammonium(NH₄⁺)quality was consistently excellent.Physicochemical parameters of surface waters indicated overall excellent quality.Bacteriological analysis showed minimal contamination by fecal coliforms and Escherichia coli,with levels deemed negligible.However,wastewater from the Boudnib treatment plant exceeded Moroccan standards for organic load,presenting a potential environmental risk.展开更多
Protein fibers derived from silk fibroin(SF)were chemically extracted and purified from cocoons.It was used as a reinforced fiber for hydrogel formation with collagen(Col)and hyaluronic acid(HA).Calcium chloride(8 wt....Protein fibers derived from silk fibroin(SF)were chemically extracted and purified from cocoons.It was used as a reinforced fiber for hydrogel formation with collagen(Col)and hyaluronic acid(HA).Calcium chloride(8 wt.%)was employed as a crosslinking reagent to synthesize the SF/Col/HA-based hydrogel composite.FTIR spec-troscopy confirmed the presence of N-H stretching due to the plane bending of amide II in theβ-sheet structure.XRD analysis confirmed the crystallinity of the SF/Col/HA-based hydrogel composite.Scanning electron mi-croscopy revealed three-dimensional porous structures with interconnected pores.These porous structures can serve as reservoirs for storing adsorbent media.The hydrogel composite was thermally stable at 250℃.The lowboiling bound solvent evaporation temperature,glass transition temperature,and degradation temperature were 102℃-105℃,298℃-300℃,and 524℃-545℃,respectively.The ranges of porosity and gel fraction were 60%-80%and 90%-95%,respectively.The hydrogel composite was rapidly swollen within 1 h,reaching a plateau afterward.The compressive strength was 4-6 MPa.As absorbent media,hydrogels can easily adhere to lead ions via electrostatic interactions.They can be used as reservoirs for the adsorption of heavy metals.展开更多
While exerting their metabolic activities in the gastrointestinal milieu,probiotics impact the host well-being by boosting immunity,treating metabolic disorders,and modulating microbiota and metabolome.Due to the high...While exerting their metabolic activities in the gastrointestinal milieu,probiotics impact the host well-being by boosting immunity,treating metabolic disorders,and modulating microbiota and metabolome.Due to the high incidence of gluten-based disorders,the present work aims to deeply explore the metabolism of two selected microbial consortia(MCs)during gluten digestion under simulated gastrointestinal conditions.Featured by high protease and peptidase activity,both MCs accounted for different lactic acid bacteria and Bacillus strains that were combined with two commercial protease enzymes.Gluten substrates were used as purified extracts,white and whole wheat breads.Control samples,instead,relied onto the microbial enzyme lack.Twenty-four hours of simulated digestion were sufficient to completely hydrolyze gluten in one of the two MC-containing experimental sets,and the relative 48 h-digested extract did not alter the cytokine expression in duodenal biopsies from celiac disease(CeD)patients.When digested samples were assayed for antioxidant and phytase activities,microbial enzymes demonstrated to significantly improve both 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS)and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)scavenging activity and to decrease the phytic acid concentration.The inspection of the free amino acid profiles allowed for distinguishing the two MCs,whereas the detection of a heterogeneous panel of volatile organic compounds supported the presence/activity of microbial enzymes without statistically significant differences between MCs.As functional contribution,digested extracts with MCs also proved to reduce the inflammatory cytokine concentrations in cell lines exposed to lipopolysaccharide trigger.Therefore,in line with studies exploring novel adjuvant therapies,the present innovative probiotic consortium featured by high gluten-hydrolyzing metabolism also showed the capability to improve various parameters usually found to be altered in patients affected by gluten-based disorders or CeD.展开更多
Transition metal selenides(TMSs)are effective pre-electrocatalysts and are commonly used in electrochemical processes.During the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction(OER),metal cations in TMSs are in-situ recons...Transition metal selenides(TMSs)are effective pre-electrocatalysts and are commonly used in electrochemical processes.During the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction(OER),metal cations in TMSs are in-situ reconstructed and converted into high-valence metal oxyhydroxides.However,a limited understanding of the effects of electro-oxidation and anion leaching has resulted in insufficient theoretical guidance for the rational design of efficient catalysts.Herein,FeSe@NiSe nanorods were fabricated for the OER using a facile hydrothermal selenization method supported on FeNi foam.In-situ Raman spectroscopy and multiple characterization techniques were employed to elucidate the mechanism of FeSe@NiSe surface evolution.Metal cations on the catalyst surface were reconstructed and converted into OER-active species Fe/NiOOH at low potential.As the applied potential increased,electro-oxidation and leaching of Se occurred,resulting in SeO_(4)^(2−)adsorption on the catalyst surface,which further enhanced catalytic activity.As a result,the reconstructed FeSe@NiSe/iron-nickel foam(INF)exhibited exceptional catalytic activity for OER,achieving an ultralow overpotential of 283 mV at a current density of 100 mA·cm^(−2).Notably,the bifunctional FeSe@NiSe/INF electrode facilitated overall water splitting,affording a current density of 10 mA·cm^(−2) only at 1.53 V,even superior to the noble RuO_(2)(+)||Pt/C(−).This work offers valuable insights into the surface evolution and electrocatalytic mechanisms of TMSs.展开更多
One of the main obstacles to the development of aquaculture in Senegal is the availability of fry and juveniles in sufficient quantities. The objective of our study is to evaluate the effects of treatment with the hor...One of the main obstacles to the development of aquaculture in Senegal is the availability of fry and juveniles in sufficient quantities. The objective of our study is to evaluate the effects of treatment with the hormone 17 alpha methyl testosterone (17-&-MT) and different doses of Nauclea latifolia root powder on the masculinization rates of tilapia Oreochromis niloticus larvae in Senegal. A total of 450 larvae of Oreochromis niloticus, with an average size of 0.012 g, were placed in 15 aquariums, each containing 30 individuals and fed one of the 5 diets in triplicate. These individuals were fed either a diet containing a plant extract at a dose of 180 mg (T180), 200 mg (T200) and 250 mg (T250) per kg of food, or a diet containing 60 mg/kg of the hormone 17-&-MT (TMT), or a diet without either the plant extract or the hormone (T0). Individuals were fed for 30 days with the treatment diets, and then with the industrial feed for the rest of the experiment. At the end of the study, the results of the masculinization rate were: 80.49%, 73.13%, 69.23%, 66.67% and 45.95% for T250;T200, TMT, T180 and T0 respectively. In summary, we can say that the 250 mg/kg dose provides better masculinization, followed by 200mg/kg and then 17 α MT. For the plant, the increase in the percentage of males is dose-dependent. These results also translate into better growth of individuals in this order. However, the relatively lower survival rates observed in batches treated with Nauclea latifolia extract indicate that these treatments could have a deleterious effect on the survival of Oreochromis niloticus larvae. These results suggest the use of N. latifolia extract at a dose of 250 mg/kg feed for better production of male O. niloticus larvae without compromising their growth.展开更多
In the Republic of Benin,as in many other West African countries,urban areas have experienced rapid popula-tion growth in recent years.This situation has led to an increasing demand for sanitation facilities,necessita...In the Republic of Benin,as in many other West African countries,urban areas have experienced rapid popula-tion growth in recent years.This situation has led to an increasing demand for sanitation facilities,necessitating regular emptying of these systems.In a bid to reduce health risks and protect the surrounding natural environment,the manage-ment of the by-products from these systems has become a significant concern for decision-makers at various levels.This study aims to characterize fecal sludge at the Abomey-Calavi treatment station and suggest a mixed biological treatment approach.Fifteen sewage sludge samples were collected in 1,500 ml plastic bottles from Adjagbo’s Sewage Treatment Station,operated by SGDS-SA,a Waste Management and Sanitation company.Physico-chemical parameters were de-termined using spectrophotometric analysis.Colonies were enumerated using membrane filtration and inoculation.Cor-relation analysis was performed on sewage sludge samples.The main results indicate an alkaline character(pH>7)and a high organic pollutant load in the fecal sludge,with average concentrations of Chemical Oxygen Demand(COD)and Biochemical Oxygen Demand over 5 days(BOD_(5))at 18,730 mg O_(2).L^(-1)and 6,612 mg O_(2).L^(-1),respectively.The COD/BOD_(5) ratio of 2.83 suggests that the material is partially biodegradable.Furthermore,the nutrients exhibited high con-centrations of nitrates,with an average value of 4,786 mg.L^(-1),while nitrites,ammoniacal nitrogen,and orthophosphates had average concentrations of 22.48 mg.L^(-1),119.74 mg.L^(-1),and 239.0 mg.L^(-1),respectively.This study characterized fe-cal sludge at the Abomey-Calavi treatment station and suggests a mixed biological treatment approach.展开更多
Micro/nano hierarchical structures could endow materials with various surface functions.However,the multilayer and multiscale characteristics of micro/nano hierarchical structures bring difficulties for their one step...Micro/nano hierarchical structures could endow materials with various surface functions.However,the multilayer and multiscale characteristics of micro/nano hierarchical structures bring difficulties for their one step and controllable fabrication.Accordingly,based on tip-based fabrication techniques,this study proposed a micro-amplitude vibration-assisted scratching method by introducing a periodic backward displacement into the conventional scratching process,which enabled the synchronous creation of the microscale V-groove and nanoscale ripples,i.e.a typical micro/nano hierarchical structure.The experiments and finite element modeling were employed to explore the formation process and mechanism of the micro/nano hierarchical structures.Being different from conventional cutting,this method was mainly based on the plow mechanism,and it could accurately replicate the shape of the indenter on the material surface.The microscale V-groove was formed due to the scratching action,and the nanoscale ripple was formed due to the extrusion action of the indenter on the microscale V-groove’s surface.Furthermore,the relationships between the processing parameters and the dimensions of the micro/nano hierarchical structures were established through experiments,and optimized processing parameters were determined to achieve regular micro/nano hierarchical structures.By this method,complex patterns constructed by various micro/nano hierarchical structures were fabricated on both flat and curved surfaces,achieving diverse surface structural colors.展开更多
Earthworms play a vital role in enhancing soil quality and structure in agricultural ecosystems.This study investigated the diversity of earthworm species found in banana and guava orchards in Nakhon Pathom,Thailand,w...Earthworms play a vital role in enhancing soil quality and structure in agricultural ecosystems.This study investigated the diversity of earthworm species found in banana and guava orchards in Nakhon Pathom,Thailand,where 166 samples were collected.The results showed that 56.63%of earthworms were in the adult stage.In the banana orchard,researchers identified two families and four species:from the family Megascolecidae,they found Amynthas alexandri,Metaphire posthuma,and Polypheretima elongata,along with one species from the family Moniligastridae,Drawida sp.In the guava orchard,two families and two species were identified:from the family Megascolecidae,Metaphire posthuma,and from the family Moniligastridae,Drawida sp.Fungi isolated from the intestines of earthworms,precisely the strains EW2,EW3,EW6,EW13,EW16,EW23,EW25,EW26,EW28,EW38,EW39,EW40,EW41,EW43,and EW44,have demonstrated the ability to produce cellulase.Among these,the fungus EW41 exhibited the highest cellulase activity,measuring 32.97 units per milliliter at an optimal temperature of 60℃ and a pH of 5.0.This study high-ranlightsthat most earthworm species in agricultural soils belong to the family Megascolecidae.Furthermore,earthwormsplay a crucial role in enhancing the chemical properties of the soil.The cellulolytic fungi present in earthworm intestinescontribute to the natural decomposition of organic matter,thereby promoting soil health by converting plant residuesinto nutrient-rich compost.These findings suggest promising applications of earthworm-associated fungi in sustainableagriculture and organic waste management.展开更多
Osyris lanceolata is heavily and illegally exploited in East Africa for its essential oils, yet little is known about its population status and ecological requirements. This study examined its population structure and...Osyris lanceolata is heavily and illegally exploited in East Africa for its essential oils, yet little is known about its population status and ecological requirements. This study examined its population structure and environmental factors influencing its distribution in the semi-arid Karamoja sub-region, Uganda. We surveyed 388 plots (5 m radius) at different altitudes, recording life stages, stem diameters, and regeneration patterns, and analyzed soil samples. Multivariate analyses, including Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA), Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA), Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS), and Multiple Regression Modeling (MRM), identified key environmental factors affecting its distribution. Findings show that O. lanceolata populations in Moroto, Nakapiripirit, and Amudat districts are severely degraded due to overexploitation. The species is primarily regenerating through coppicing rather than seedlings, with an exploitation intensity of 56.6%. Population densities are low, distribution is irregular, and sustainable harvesting is not viable. Soil properties, particularly Ca2+, N, P, K+, Na+, and organic matter, significantly influence its abundance. Conservation efforts should focus on identifying suitable provenances for genetic preservation and plantation establishment. Areas with at least 9 trees per hectare in Moroto, Nakapiripirit, and Amudat could serve as potential sites for ex-situ plantations. Further research should explore how biotic interactions, genetic diversity, and morphology affect oil yield and quality to support restoration, breeding, and domestication initiatives.展开更多
In light of the growing urgency to address environmental degradation and improve carbon sequestration strategies,this study rigorously investigates the potential of Cistus ladaniferus as a viable feedstock for biochar...In light of the growing urgency to address environmental degradation and improve carbon sequestration strategies,this study rigorously investigates the potential of Cistus ladaniferus as a viable feedstock for biochar and activated carbon production.The influence of pyrolysis temperature,heating rate and particle size on biochar yield was systematically examined.The results demonstrate that increasing pyrolysis temperature and heating rate significantly reduces biochar yield,while particle size plays a crucial role in thermal degradation and biochar retention.To evaluate the structural and chemical properties of the materials,various characterization techniques were employed,including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis(EDXA).FTIR identified key functional groups,while SEM and EDXA provided valuable insights into the morphology and elemental composition of the materials.Activated carbons exhibited enhanced porosity and carbon content compared to their biochar counterparts,achieving specific surface areas of up to 1210 m^(2) g^(-1) for acidactivated shells(AC-Sha).The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)method confirmed the mesoporous characteristics of these materials,with AC-Sa displaying a surface area of 678.74 m^(2) g^(-1) and an average pore size of 2.73 nm.Elemental analysis revealed that activated carbons possessed a higher carbon content(96.40 wt.%for AC-Sha)and lower oxygen content(2.37 wt.%),highlighting their suitability for applications in adsorption and catalysis.These findings underscore the significant impact of activation processes on the stability and adsorption capabilities of Cistus-derived biochars and activated carbons,paving the way for future research and practical applications in pollution control,carbon sequestration,and bioenergy.展开更多
A reliable estimation of Candida bloodstream infection prevalence is increasingly important to track changes in Candida species distribution and define burden of ongoing candidemia.A systematic review and meta-analysi...A reliable estimation of Candida bloodstream infection prevalence is increasingly important to track changes in Candida species distribution and define burden of ongoing candidemia.A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to estimate candidemia prevalence and identify patterns of Candida species in South-eastern Asia.Systematic electronic-databases literature search was performed on published studies recorded candidemia prevalence in South-Eastern Asia.Using meta-analysis of proportions,the overall pooled prevalences of candidemia by Candida(C.)albicans,C.tropicalis,C.parapsilosis and C.glabrata were calculated as 28.4%(95%CI 24.9-31.8),29.2%(95%CI 24.7-33.7),19.1%(95%CI 14.8-23.4)and 14.0%(95%CI 10.4-17.5),respectively.Based on publication year and country,subgroup analyses were conducted on Candida species to determine heterogeneity source.The findings may not precisely reflect true candidemia prevalence in different countries.Therefore,it highlights continuous need to conduct prevalence studies,assess and monitor growing burden,control effect of potential risk factors and implement regional surveillance programs to prevent further rise.展开更多
Electric vehicles(EVs)are gradually being deployed in the transportation sector.Although they have a high impact on reducing greenhouse gas emissions,their penetration is challenged by their random energy demand and d...Electric vehicles(EVs)are gradually being deployed in the transportation sector.Although they have a high impact on reducing greenhouse gas emissions,their penetration is challenged by their random energy demand and difficult scheduling of their optimal charging.To cope with these problems,this paper presents a novel approach for photovoltaic grid-connected microgrid EV charging station energy demand forecasting.The present study is part of a comprehensive framework involving emerging technologies such as drones and artificial intelligence designed to support the EVs’charging scheduling task.By using predictive algorithms for solar generation and load demand estimation,this approach aimed at ensuring dynamic and efficient energy flow between the solar energy source,the grid and the electric vehicles.The main contribution of this paper lies in developing an intelligent approach based on deep recurrent neural networks to forecast the energy demand using only its previous records.Therefore,various forecasters based on Long Short-term Memory,Gated Recurrent Unit,and their bi-directional and stacked variants were investigated using a real dataset collected from an EV charging station located at Trieste University(Italy).The developed forecasters have been evaluated and compared according to different metrics,including R,RMSE,MAE,and MAPE.We found that the obtained R values for both PV power generation and energy demand ranged between 97%and 98%.These study findings can be used for reliable and efficient decision-making on the management side of the optimal scheduling of the charging operations.展开更多
The discontinuation of denosumab[antibody targeting receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand(RANKL)]therapy may increase the risk of multiple vertebral fractures;however,the underlying pathophysiology is la...The discontinuation of denosumab[antibody targeting receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand(RANKL)]therapy may increase the risk of multiple vertebral fractures;however,the underlying pathophysiology is largely unknown.In patients who underwent discontinuation after multiple injections of denosumab,the levels of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b increased compared to pretreatment levels,indicating a phenomenon known as“overshoot.”The rate of decrease in bone mineral density during the withdrawal period was higher than the rate of decrease associated with aging,suggesting that the physiological bone metabolism had broken down.Overshoot and significant bone loss were also observed in mice receiving continuous administration of anti-RANKL antibody after treatment was interrupted,resembling the original pathology.In mice long out of overshoot,bone resorption recovered,but osteoblast numbers and bone formation remained markedly reduced.The bone marrow exhibited a significant reduction in stem cell(SC)antigen 1-and platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha-expressing osteoblast progenitors(PαS cells)and alkaline phosphatase-positive early osteoblasts.Just before the overshoot phase,the osteoclast precursor cell population expands and RANKL-bearing extracellular vesicles(EVs)became abundant in the serum,leading to robust osteoclastogenesis after cessation of anti-RANKL treatment.Thus,accelerated bone resorption due to the accumulation of RANKLbearing EVs and long-term suppression of bone formation uncoupled from bone resorption leads to the severe bone loss characteristic of denosumab discontinuation.展开更多
The convergence of large language models(LLMs)and virtual reality(VR)technologies has led to significant breakthroughs across multiple domains,particularly in healthcare and medicine.Owing to its immersive and interac...The convergence of large language models(LLMs)and virtual reality(VR)technologies has led to significant breakthroughs across multiple domains,particularly in healthcare and medicine.Owing to its immersive and interactive capabilities,VR technology has demonstrated exceptional utility in surgical simulation,rehabilitation,physical therapy,mental health,and psychological treatment.By creating highly realistic and precisely controlled environments,VR not only enhances the efficiency of medical training but also enables personalized therapeutic approaches for patients.The convergence of LLMs and VR extends the potential of both technologies.LLM-empowered VR can transform medical education through interactive learning platforms and address complex healthcare challenges using comprehensive solutions.This convergence enhances the quality of training,decision-making,and patient engagement,paving the way for innovative healthcare delivery.This study aims to comprehensively review the current applications,research advancements,and challenges associated with these two technologies in healthcare and medicine.The rapid evolution of these technologies is driving the healthcare industry toward greater intelligence and precision,establishing them as critical forces in the transformation of modern medicine.展开更多
There have been a very limited number of systematic studies on PM_(2.5)compositions and their source contribution in Southeast Asia.This study aims to explore the characteristics of PM_(2.5)composition collected in Ch...There have been a very limited number of systematic studies on PM_(2.5)compositions and their source contribution in Southeast Asia.This study aims to explore the characteristics of PM_(2.5)composition collected in Chiang Mai(Thailand)during La Nina and El Nino years and to apportion their sources during smoke haze and non-haze periods.The average PM_(2.5)concentration of smoke haze episode in 2019(El Nino)was much higher than in 2017(La Nina).The ratios of organic carbon(OC)to elemental carbon(EC),as well as K(biomass burning(BB)tracer)to PM_(2.5),were higher during smoke haze episodes in 2019 than in 2017 indicating a significant influence from BB.The ratios of secondary organic carbon(SOC)levels to primary organic carbon(POC)levels during smoke haze episodes were higher than those in non-haze period,which indicated greater SOC contributions or more photo-oxidation of precursors in haze episodes with high ambient temperatures.However,the ratios of soil markers(Ca and Mg)during non-haze period were high implying that soil source contributed more to PM_(2.5)concentrations when there less BB occurred.The positive Matrix Factorization(PMF)model revealed that the source of BB,characterized by high K fractions,was the largest contributor during smoke haze episodes accounting for 50%(2017)and 79%(2019).Climate conditions influence meteorological patterns,particularly during incidences of extreme weather such as droughts,which affect the scale and frequency of open burning and thus air pollution levels.展开更多
We report on the structural,magnetic,and magnetocaloric properties of EuRhO_(3) powders.The oxidation states of Eu and Rh ions were studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).It is found that the Eu ions are ...We report on the structural,magnetic,and magnetocaloric properties of EuRhO_(3) powders.The oxidation states of Eu and Rh ions were studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).It is found that the Eu ions are mainly in the divalent oxidation state while the Rh ions have+4 state.EuRhO_(3) powders are found to be antiferromagnetic with a second order magnetic transition at Neel temperature(T_(N)=2.9 K).Analysis of the magnetic susceptibility versus temperature data in terms of the Curie=Weiss law:(χ=C/(T-θ_(W))) for T>T_(N),yields θ_(W)=-3.1 K and effective magne tic moment μ_(ff)^(exp),which is close to the theoretical value μ_(eff)^(theo).The magnetic entropy change(-Δ_(SM)),was determined by em ploying the thermodynam ic Maxwell's relation.At μ_0H=5 T and near T_(N),ΔS_(M)^(Max) and relative cooling power(RCP) exhibit large values of 33.7 J/(kg·K) and 238 J/kg,respectively.The large magnitude of-Δ_(SM) and RCP show that the EuRhO_(3) compound could be a potential candidate to be used in cryogenic magnetic refrigeration.展开更多
A geomagnetic storm is a global disturbance of Earth?s magnetosphere,occurring as a result of the interaction with magnetic plasma ejected from the Sun.Despite considerable research,a comprehensive classification of s...A geomagnetic storm is a global disturbance of Earth?s magnetosphere,occurring as a result of the interaction with magnetic plasma ejected from the Sun.Despite considerable research,a comprehensive classification of storms for a complete solar cycle has not yet been fully developed,as most previous studies have been limited to specific storm types.This study,therefore,attempted to present complete statistics for solar cycle 24,detailing the occurrence of geomagnetic storm events and classifying them by type of intensity(moderate,intense,and severe),type of complete interval(normal or complex),duration of the recovery phase(rapid or long),and the number of steps in the storm?s development.The analysis was applied to data from ground-based magnetometers,which measured the Dst index as provided by the World Data Center for Geomagnetism,Kyoto,Japan.This study identified 211 storm events,comprising moderate(177 events),intense(33 events),and severe(1 event)types.About 36%of ICMEs and 23%of CIRs are found to be geoeffective,which caused geomagnetic storms.Up to four-step development of geomagnetic storms was exhibited during the main phase for this solar cycle.Analysis showed the geomagnetic storms developed one or more steps in the main phase,which were probably related to the driver that triggered the geomagnetic storms.A case study was additionally conducted to observe the variations of the ionospheric disturbance dynamo(Ddyn)phenomenon that resulted from the geomagnetic storm event of 2015July 13.The attenuation of the Ddyn in the equatorial region was analyzed using the H component of geomagnetic field data from stations in the Asian sector(Malaysia and India).The variations in the Ddyn signatures were observed at both stations,with the TIR station(India)showing higher intensity than the LKW station(Malaysia).展开更多
文摘This study evaluates the trace element contents (cadmium, lead, mercury and arsenic) in soils, sediments and rock residues of the artisanal gold mining site of Lite-Bala in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Random sampling, physicochemical analysis and analysis of total and soluble trace elements by ICP-OES spectrometry as well as calculations of pollution indices (FE and Igeo) and partition coefficient (kd) were carried out in two areas in the dry season and in the rainy season. The soils and sediments of the site are acidic, oxidizing, poor in organic carbon with clayey to sandy textures. Artisanal gold mining at Lite-Bala does not affect, to date, the cadmium, lead, mercury and arsenic contents of soils and sediments. On the other hand, the presence of these elements in rock residues, even in low levels, and the mechanization of this exploitation will have an impact on them in the long term;in particular for Hg used as an input and whose levels are close to the higher standard in surface soils.
文摘Groundwater,surface water and tap water contamination by PTEs(Potentially Toxic Elements)was assessed in Kipushi town and Lupoto locality of Kipushi administrative territory in the Upper-Katanga province,Democratic Republic of Congo.A total of fifty four water samples including thirty two samples from drilled water wells,ten samples from spade-sunk water wells,six samples from supplied tap water,four samples from a mine effluent and two samples from a river were collected from both localities in November and December 2017 and in January,February and March 2018.Then the samples were analyzed for their PTE contents by ICP-SF-MS(Inductively Coupled Plasma-Sector Field Mass Spectrometry).Twenty PTEs including aluminum,arsenic,barium,bismuth,cadmium,cesium,chromium,cobalt,copper,iron,lead,manganese,molybdenum,nickel,strontium,thallium,tungsten,uranium,vanadium and zinc were detected at various concentrations in each one of the samples.Many samples had concentrations and mean concentrations of PTE,such as arsenic,aluminum,cadmium,iron,lead,manganese and zinc,higher than the respective acceptable limits set for drinking water by the EU(European Union),the USEPA(United States Environmental Protection Agency),and the WHO(World Health Organization)standards.Most PTEs being deleterious to human health even at very low concentrations,people who use the groundwater,surface water and tap water to meet their water needs in both localities are at risk.
文摘The Agadem block is an area of major oil interest located in the large sedimentary basin of Termit,in the south-east of the Republic of Niger.Since the 1950s,this basin has known geological and geophysical research activities.However,despite the extensive research carried out,we believe that a geophysical contribution in terms of magnetic properties and their repercussions on the structure of the Agadem block allowing the improvement of existing knowledge is essential.The present study aims to study the structural characteristics of the Agadem block associated with magnetic anomalies.For this,after data shaping,several filtering techniques were applied to the aeromagnetic data to identify and map deep geological structures.The reduction to the pole map shows large negative wavelength anomalies in the southeast half of the block and short positive wavelength anomalies in the northwest part embedded in a large positive anomaly occupying the lower northern half of the block.The maps of the total horizontal derivative and tilt angle show lineaments globally distributed along the NW-SE direction in accordance with the structural style of the study area.The resulting map highlights numerous lineaments that may be associated with faults hidden by the sedimentary cover.The calculation of the Euler deconvolution allowed us to locate and estimate the depths of magnetic sources at variable depths of up to 4000 m.The compilation of the results obtained allowed us to locate zones of high and low intensities which correspond respectively to horsts and grabens as major structures of the Agadem block.
文摘This study addresses the pressing need to evaluate the quality of water resources in the Oued Guir watershed,highlighting the importance of monitoring both surface water and groundwater in the context of environmental and public health.It focuses on the evaluation of physicochemical and bacteriological water quality downstream of the Kaddoussa Dam,as well as the characterization of wastewater from the Boudnib treatment plant discharged into Oued Guir.The goal is to assess the health of aquatic ecosystems and understand the impact of anthropogenic activities on these sensitive environments.A comprehensive analysis was conducted at 15 selected stations during a sampling campaign in November 2023.Groundwater and surface water were assessed using 10 physicochemical parameters,while bacteriological quality was evaluated based on fecal coliforms and Escherichia coli.In addition,38 parameters were studied to characterize the wastewater discharge.All analyses followed standard procedures and the results were compared to Moroccan and World Health Organization(WHO)standards.The study revealed that surface water and groundwater in the study area exhibited strong mineralization,with Electrical Conductivity(EC)exceeding 1400µS/cm at all stations.Nitrogen quality,in terms of Nitrates(NO₃⁻),was moderate across stations,while Ammonium(NH₄⁺)quality was consistently excellent.Physicochemical parameters of surface waters indicated overall excellent quality.Bacteriological analysis showed minimal contamination by fecal coliforms and Escherichia coli,with levels deemed negligible.However,wastewater from the Boudnib treatment plant exceeded Moroccan standards for organic load,presenting a potential environmental risk.
基金supported by a Matching Fund between Tham-masat University Research Fund and the National Taipei University of Technology(Taipei Tech),contract no MF 1/2567National Taipei University of Technology-Thammasat University Joint Research Program(NTUT-TU Joint Research Program NTUT-TU-113-03).
文摘Protein fibers derived from silk fibroin(SF)were chemically extracted and purified from cocoons.It was used as a reinforced fiber for hydrogel formation with collagen(Col)and hyaluronic acid(HA).Calcium chloride(8 wt.%)was employed as a crosslinking reagent to synthesize the SF/Col/HA-based hydrogel composite.FTIR spec-troscopy confirmed the presence of N-H stretching due to the plane bending of amide II in theβ-sheet structure.XRD analysis confirmed the crystallinity of the SF/Col/HA-based hydrogel composite.Scanning electron mi-croscopy revealed three-dimensional porous structures with interconnected pores.These porous structures can serve as reservoirs for storing adsorbent media.The hydrogel composite was thermally stable at 250℃.The lowboiling bound solvent evaporation temperature,glass transition temperature,and degradation temperature were 102℃-105℃,298℃-300℃,and 524℃-545℃,respectively.The ranges of porosity and gel fraction were 60%-80%and 90%-95%,respectively.The hydrogel composite was rapidly swollen within 1 h,reaching a plateau afterward.The compressive strength was 4-6 MPa.As absorbent media,hydrogels can easily adhere to lead ions via electrostatic interactions.They can be used as reservoirs for the adsorption of heavy metals.
文摘While exerting their metabolic activities in the gastrointestinal milieu,probiotics impact the host well-being by boosting immunity,treating metabolic disorders,and modulating microbiota and metabolome.Due to the high incidence of gluten-based disorders,the present work aims to deeply explore the metabolism of two selected microbial consortia(MCs)during gluten digestion under simulated gastrointestinal conditions.Featured by high protease and peptidase activity,both MCs accounted for different lactic acid bacteria and Bacillus strains that were combined with two commercial protease enzymes.Gluten substrates were used as purified extracts,white and whole wheat breads.Control samples,instead,relied onto the microbial enzyme lack.Twenty-four hours of simulated digestion were sufficient to completely hydrolyze gluten in one of the two MC-containing experimental sets,and the relative 48 h-digested extract did not alter the cytokine expression in duodenal biopsies from celiac disease(CeD)patients.When digested samples were assayed for antioxidant and phytase activities,microbial enzymes demonstrated to significantly improve both 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS)and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)scavenging activity and to decrease the phytic acid concentration.The inspection of the free amino acid profiles allowed for distinguishing the two MCs,whereas the detection of a heterogeneous panel of volatile organic compounds supported the presence/activity of microbial enzymes without statistically significant differences between MCs.As functional contribution,digested extracts with MCs also proved to reduce the inflammatory cytokine concentrations in cell lines exposed to lipopolysaccharide trigger.Therefore,in line with studies exploring novel adjuvant therapies,the present innovative probiotic consortium featured by high gluten-hydrolyzing metabolism also showed the capability to improve various parameters usually found to be altered in patients affected by gluten-based disorders or CeD.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22469018)the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Department of Science and Technology of Shaanxi Province(Nos.2023-JC-ZD-22 and 2023-JC-YB-404)the Scientific Research Startup Program for Introduced Talents of Shaanxi University of Technology(Nos.SLGRCQD2303 and SLGRCQD2306).
文摘Transition metal selenides(TMSs)are effective pre-electrocatalysts and are commonly used in electrochemical processes.During the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction(OER),metal cations in TMSs are in-situ reconstructed and converted into high-valence metal oxyhydroxides.However,a limited understanding of the effects of electro-oxidation and anion leaching has resulted in insufficient theoretical guidance for the rational design of efficient catalysts.Herein,FeSe@NiSe nanorods were fabricated for the OER using a facile hydrothermal selenization method supported on FeNi foam.In-situ Raman spectroscopy and multiple characterization techniques were employed to elucidate the mechanism of FeSe@NiSe surface evolution.Metal cations on the catalyst surface were reconstructed and converted into OER-active species Fe/NiOOH at low potential.As the applied potential increased,electro-oxidation and leaching of Se occurred,resulting in SeO_(4)^(2−)adsorption on the catalyst surface,which further enhanced catalytic activity.As a result,the reconstructed FeSe@NiSe/iron-nickel foam(INF)exhibited exceptional catalytic activity for OER,achieving an ultralow overpotential of 283 mV at a current density of 100 mA·cm^(−2).Notably,the bifunctional FeSe@NiSe/INF electrode facilitated overall water splitting,affording a current density of 10 mA·cm^(−2) only at 1.53 V,even superior to the noble RuO_(2)(+)||Pt/C(−).This work offers valuable insights into the surface evolution and electrocatalytic mechanisms of TMSs.
文摘One of the main obstacles to the development of aquaculture in Senegal is the availability of fry and juveniles in sufficient quantities. The objective of our study is to evaluate the effects of treatment with the hormone 17 alpha methyl testosterone (17-&-MT) and different doses of Nauclea latifolia root powder on the masculinization rates of tilapia Oreochromis niloticus larvae in Senegal. A total of 450 larvae of Oreochromis niloticus, with an average size of 0.012 g, were placed in 15 aquariums, each containing 30 individuals and fed one of the 5 diets in triplicate. These individuals were fed either a diet containing a plant extract at a dose of 180 mg (T180), 200 mg (T200) and 250 mg (T250) per kg of food, or a diet containing 60 mg/kg of the hormone 17-&-MT (TMT), or a diet without either the plant extract or the hormone (T0). Individuals were fed for 30 days with the treatment diets, and then with the industrial feed for the rest of the experiment. At the end of the study, the results of the masculinization rate were: 80.49%, 73.13%, 69.23%, 66.67% and 45.95% for T250;T200, TMT, T180 and T0 respectively. In summary, we can say that the 250 mg/kg dose provides better masculinization, followed by 200mg/kg and then 17 α MT. For the plant, the increase in the percentage of males is dose-dependent. These results also translate into better growth of individuals in this order. However, the relatively lower survival rates observed in batches treated with Nauclea latifolia extract indicate that these treatments could have a deleterious effect on the survival of Oreochromis niloticus larvae. These results suggest the use of N. latifolia extract at a dose of 250 mg/kg feed for better production of male O. niloticus larvae without compromising their growth.
文摘In the Republic of Benin,as in many other West African countries,urban areas have experienced rapid popula-tion growth in recent years.This situation has led to an increasing demand for sanitation facilities,necessitating regular emptying of these systems.In a bid to reduce health risks and protect the surrounding natural environment,the manage-ment of the by-products from these systems has become a significant concern for decision-makers at various levels.This study aims to characterize fecal sludge at the Abomey-Calavi treatment station and suggest a mixed biological treatment approach.Fifteen sewage sludge samples were collected in 1,500 ml plastic bottles from Adjagbo’s Sewage Treatment Station,operated by SGDS-SA,a Waste Management and Sanitation company.Physico-chemical parameters were de-termined using spectrophotometric analysis.Colonies were enumerated using membrane filtration and inoculation.Cor-relation analysis was performed on sewage sludge samples.The main results indicate an alkaline character(pH>7)and a high organic pollutant load in the fecal sludge,with average concentrations of Chemical Oxygen Demand(COD)and Biochemical Oxygen Demand over 5 days(BOD_(5))at 18,730 mg O_(2).L^(-1)and 6,612 mg O_(2).L^(-1),respectively.The COD/BOD_(5) ratio of 2.83 suggests that the material is partially biodegradable.Furthermore,the nutrients exhibited high con-centrations of nitrates,with an average value of 4,786 mg.L^(-1),while nitrites,ammoniacal nitrogen,and orthophosphates had average concentrations of 22.48 mg.L^(-1),119.74 mg.L^(-1),and 239.0 mg.L^(-1),respectively.This study characterized fe-cal sludge at the Abomey-Calavi treatment station and suggests a mixed biological treatment approach.
基金supported by the Jilin Province Key Research and Development Plan Project(20240302066GX)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52075221)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2023-JCXK-02)。
文摘Micro/nano hierarchical structures could endow materials with various surface functions.However,the multilayer and multiscale characteristics of micro/nano hierarchical structures bring difficulties for their one step and controllable fabrication.Accordingly,based on tip-based fabrication techniques,this study proposed a micro-amplitude vibration-assisted scratching method by introducing a periodic backward displacement into the conventional scratching process,which enabled the synchronous creation of the microscale V-groove and nanoscale ripples,i.e.a typical micro/nano hierarchical structure.The experiments and finite element modeling were employed to explore the formation process and mechanism of the micro/nano hierarchical structures.Being different from conventional cutting,this method was mainly based on the plow mechanism,and it could accurately replicate the shape of the indenter on the material surface.The microscale V-groove was formed due to the scratching action,and the nanoscale ripple was formed due to the extrusion action of the indenter on the microscale V-groove’s surface.Furthermore,the relationships between the processing parameters and the dimensions of the micro/nano hierarchical structures were established through experiments,and optimized processing parameters were determined to achieve regular micro/nano hierarchical structures.By this method,complex patterns constructed by various micro/nano hierarchical structures were fabricated on both flat and curved surfaces,achieving diverse surface structural colors.
文摘Earthworms play a vital role in enhancing soil quality and structure in agricultural ecosystems.This study investigated the diversity of earthworm species found in banana and guava orchards in Nakhon Pathom,Thailand,where 166 samples were collected.The results showed that 56.63%of earthworms were in the adult stage.In the banana orchard,researchers identified two families and four species:from the family Megascolecidae,they found Amynthas alexandri,Metaphire posthuma,and Polypheretima elongata,along with one species from the family Moniligastridae,Drawida sp.In the guava orchard,two families and two species were identified:from the family Megascolecidae,Metaphire posthuma,and from the family Moniligastridae,Drawida sp.Fungi isolated from the intestines of earthworms,precisely the strains EW2,EW3,EW6,EW13,EW16,EW23,EW25,EW26,EW28,EW38,EW39,EW40,EW41,EW43,and EW44,have demonstrated the ability to produce cellulase.Among these,the fungus EW41 exhibited the highest cellulase activity,measuring 32.97 units per milliliter at an optimal temperature of 60℃ and a pH of 5.0.This study high-ranlightsthat most earthworm species in agricultural soils belong to the family Megascolecidae.Furthermore,earthwormsplay a crucial role in enhancing the chemical properties of the soil.The cellulolytic fungi present in earthworm intestinescontribute to the natural decomposition of organic matter,thereby promoting soil health by converting plant residuesinto nutrient-rich compost.These findings suggest promising applications of earthworm-associated fungi in sustainableagriculture and organic waste management.
文摘Osyris lanceolata is heavily and illegally exploited in East Africa for its essential oils, yet little is known about its population status and ecological requirements. This study examined its population structure and environmental factors influencing its distribution in the semi-arid Karamoja sub-region, Uganda. We surveyed 388 plots (5 m radius) at different altitudes, recording life stages, stem diameters, and regeneration patterns, and analyzed soil samples. Multivariate analyses, including Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA), Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA), Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS), and Multiple Regression Modeling (MRM), identified key environmental factors affecting its distribution. Findings show that O. lanceolata populations in Moroto, Nakapiripirit, and Amudat districts are severely degraded due to overexploitation. The species is primarily regenerating through coppicing rather than seedlings, with an exploitation intensity of 56.6%. Population densities are low, distribution is irregular, and sustainable harvesting is not viable. Soil properties, particularly Ca2+, N, P, K+, Na+, and organic matter, significantly influence its abundance. Conservation efforts should focus on identifying suitable provenances for genetic preservation and plantation establishment. Areas with at least 9 trees per hectare in Moroto, Nakapiripirit, and Amudat could serve as potential sites for ex-situ plantations. Further research should explore how biotic interactions, genetic diversity, and morphology affect oil yield and quality to support restoration, breeding, and domestication initiatives.
文摘In light of the growing urgency to address environmental degradation and improve carbon sequestration strategies,this study rigorously investigates the potential of Cistus ladaniferus as a viable feedstock for biochar and activated carbon production.The influence of pyrolysis temperature,heating rate and particle size on biochar yield was systematically examined.The results demonstrate that increasing pyrolysis temperature and heating rate significantly reduces biochar yield,while particle size plays a crucial role in thermal degradation and biochar retention.To evaluate the structural and chemical properties of the materials,various characterization techniques were employed,including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis(EDXA).FTIR identified key functional groups,while SEM and EDXA provided valuable insights into the morphology and elemental composition of the materials.Activated carbons exhibited enhanced porosity and carbon content compared to their biochar counterparts,achieving specific surface areas of up to 1210 m^(2) g^(-1) for acidactivated shells(AC-Sha).The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)method confirmed the mesoporous characteristics of these materials,with AC-Sa displaying a surface area of 678.74 m^(2) g^(-1) and an average pore size of 2.73 nm.Elemental analysis revealed that activated carbons possessed a higher carbon content(96.40 wt.%for AC-Sha)and lower oxygen content(2.37 wt.%),highlighting their suitability for applications in adsorption and catalysis.These findings underscore the significant impact of activation processes on the stability and adsorption capabilities of Cistus-derived biochars and activated carbons,paving the way for future research and practical applications in pollution control,carbon sequestration,and bioenergy.
文摘A reliable estimation of Candida bloodstream infection prevalence is increasingly important to track changes in Candida species distribution and define burden of ongoing candidemia.A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to estimate candidemia prevalence and identify patterns of Candida species in South-eastern Asia.Systematic electronic-databases literature search was performed on published studies recorded candidemia prevalence in South-Eastern Asia.Using meta-analysis of proportions,the overall pooled prevalences of candidemia by Candida(C.)albicans,C.tropicalis,C.parapsilosis and C.glabrata were calculated as 28.4%(95%CI 24.9-31.8),29.2%(95%CI 24.7-33.7),19.1%(95%CI 14.8-23.4)and 14.0%(95%CI 10.4-17.5),respectively.Based on publication year and country,subgroup analyses were conducted on Candida species to determine heterogeneity source.The findings may not precisely reflect true candidemia prevalence in different countries.Therefore,it highlights continuous need to conduct prevalence studies,assess and monitor growing burden,control effect of potential risk factors and implement regional surveillance programs to prevent further rise.
基金University of Jeddah,Jeddah,Saudi Arabia,grant No.(UJ-23-SRP-10).
文摘Electric vehicles(EVs)are gradually being deployed in the transportation sector.Although they have a high impact on reducing greenhouse gas emissions,their penetration is challenged by their random energy demand and difficult scheduling of their optimal charging.To cope with these problems,this paper presents a novel approach for photovoltaic grid-connected microgrid EV charging station energy demand forecasting.The present study is part of a comprehensive framework involving emerging technologies such as drones and artificial intelligence designed to support the EVs’charging scheduling task.By using predictive algorithms for solar generation and load demand estimation,this approach aimed at ensuring dynamic and efficient energy flow between the solar energy source,the grid and the electric vehicles.The main contribution of this paper lies in developing an intelligent approach based on deep recurrent neural networks to forecast the energy demand using only its previous records.Therefore,various forecasters based on Long Short-term Memory,Gated Recurrent Unit,and their bi-directional and stacked variants were investigated using a real dataset collected from an EV charging station located at Trieste University(Italy).The developed forecasters have been evaluated and compared according to different metrics,including R,RMSE,MAE,and MAPE.We found that the obtained R values for both PV power generation and energy demand ranged between 97%and 98%.These study findings can be used for reliable and efficient decision-making on the management side of the optimal scheduling of the charging operations.
文摘The discontinuation of denosumab[antibody targeting receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand(RANKL)]therapy may increase the risk of multiple vertebral fractures;however,the underlying pathophysiology is largely unknown.In patients who underwent discontinuation after multiple injections of denosumab,the levels of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b increased compared to pretreatment levels,indicating a phenomenon known as“overshoot.”The rate of decrease in bone mineral density during the withdrawal period was higher than the rate of decrease associated with aging,suggesting that the physiological bone metabolism had broken down.Overshoot and significant bone loss were also observed in mice receiving continuous administration of anti-RANKL antibody after treatment was interrupted,resembling the original pathology.In mice long out of overshoot,bone resorption recovered,but osteoblast numbers and bone formation remained markedly reduced.The bone marrow exhibited a significant reduction in stem cell(SC)antigen 1-and platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha-expressing osteoblast progenitors(PαS cells)and alkaline phosphatase-positive early osteoblasts.Just before the overshoot phase,the osteoclast precursor cell population expands and RANKL-bearing extracellular vesicles(EVs)became abundant in the serum,leading to robust osteoclastogenesis after cessation of anti-RANKL treatment.Thus,accelerated bone resorption due to the accumulation of RANKLbearing EVs and long-term suppression of bone formation uncoupled from bone resorption leads to the severe bone loss characteristic of denosumab discontinuation.
基金Supported by Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project(2024ZD0523200)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62301330,62101346).
文摘The convergence of large language models(LLMs)and virtual reality(VR)technologies has led to significant breakthroughs across multiple domains,particularly in healthcare and medicine.Owing to its immersive and interactive capabilities,VR technology has demonstrated exceptional utility in surgical simulation,rehabilitation,physical therapy,mental health,and psychological treatment.By creating highly realistic and precisely controlled environments,VR not only enhances the efficiency of medical training but also enables personalized therapeutic approaches for patients.The convergence of LLMs and VR extends the potential of both technologies.LLM-empowered VR can transform medical education through interactive learning platforms and address complex healthcare challenges using comprehensive solutions.This convergence enhances the quality of training,decision-making,and patient engagement,paving the way for innovative healthcare delivery.This study aims to comprehensively review the current applications,research advancements,and challenges associated with these two technologies in healthcare and medicine.The rapid evolution of these technologies is driving the healthcare industry toward greater intelligence and precision,establishing them as critical forces in the transformation of modern medicine.
基金supported by Chiang Mai University (CMU),Thailand。
文摘There have been a very limited number of systematic studies on PM_(2.5)compositions and their source contribution in Southeast Asia.This study aims to explore the characteristics of PM_(2.5)composition collected in Chiang Mai(Thailand)during La Nina and El Nino years and to apportion their sources during smoke haze and non-haze periods.The average PM_(2.5)concentration of smoke haze episode in 2019(El Nino)was much higher than in 2017(La Nina).The ratios of organic carbon(OC)to elemental carbon(EC),as well as K(biomass burning(BB)tracer)to PM_(2.5),were higher during smoke haze episodes in 2019 than in 2017 indicating a significant influence from BB.The ratios of secondary organic carbon(SOC)levels to primary organic carbon(POC)levels during smoke haze episodes were higher than those in non-haze period,which indicated greater SOC contributions or more photo-oxidation of precursors in haze episodes with high ambient temperatures.However,the ratios of soil markers(Ca and Mg)during non-haze period were high implying that soil source contributed more to PM_(2.5)concentrations when there less BB occurred.The positive Matrix Factorization(PMF)model revealed that the source of BB,characterized by high K fractions,was the largest contributor during smoke haze episodes accounting for 50%(2017)and 79%(2019).Climate conditions influence meteorological patterns,particularly during incidences of extreme weather such as droughts,which affect the scale and frequency of open burning and thus air pollution levels.
文摘We report on the structural,magnetic,and magnetocaloric properties of EuRhO_(3) powders.The oxidation states of Eu and Rh ions were studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).It is found that the Eu ions are mainly in the divalent oxidation state while the Rh ions have+4 state.EuRhO_(3) powders are found to be antiferromagnetic with a second order magnetic transition at Neel temperature(T_(N)=2.9 K).Analysis of the magnetic susceptibility versus temperature data in terms of the Curie=Weiss law:(χ=C/(T-θ_(W))) for T>T_(N),yields θ_(W)=-3.1 K and effective magne tic moment μ_(ff)^(exp),which is close to the theoretical value μ_(eff)^(theo).The magnetic entropy change(-Δ_(SM)),was determined by em ploying the thermodynam ic Maxwell's relation.At μ_0H=5 T and near T_(N),ΔS_(M)^(Max) and relative cooling power(RCP) exhibit large values of 33.7 J/(kg·K) and 238 J/kg,respectively.The large magnitude of-Δ_(SM) and RCP show that the EuRhO_(3) compound could be a potential candidate to be used in cryogenic magnetic refrigeration.
基金funding by Fundamental Research Grant Scheme(FRGS)under Ministry of Higher Education(KPT)Malaysia with the grant No.FRGS/1/2023/STG07/UKM/02/1supported by Universiti Sains Malaysia through Short-Term Grant with project No.304/PFIZIK/6315730supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant Nos.JP20H01961,JP22K03707,JP21H04518,JP22K21345。
文摘A geomagnetic storm is a global disturbance of Earth?s magnetosphere,occurring as a result of the interaction with magnetic plasma ejected from the Sun.Despite considerable research,a comprehensive classification of storms for a complete solar cycle has not yet been fully developed,as most previous studies have been limited to specific storm types.This study,therefore,attempted to present complete statistics for solar cycle 24,detailing the occurrence of geomagnetic storm events and classifying them by type of intensity(moderate,intense,and severe),type of complete interval(normal or complex),duration of the recovery phase(rapid or long),and the number of steps in the storm?s development.The analysis was applied to data from ground-based magnetometers,which measured the Dst index as provided by the World Data Center for Geomagnetism,Kyoto,Japan.This study identified 211 storm events,comprising moderate(177 events),intense(33 events),and severe(1 event)types.About 36%of ICMEs and 23%of CIRs are found to be geoeffective,which caused geomagnetic storms.Up to four-step development of geomagnetic storms was exhibited during the main phase for this solar cycle.Analysis showed the geomagnetic storms developed one or more steps in the main phase,which were probably related to the driver that triggered the geomagnetic storms.A case study was additionally conducted to observe the variations of the ionospheric disturbance dynamo(Ddyn)phenomenon that resulted from the geomagnetic storm event of 2015July 13.The attenuation of the Ddyn in the equatorial region was analyzed using the H component of geomagnetic field data from stations in the Asian sector(Malaysia and India).The variations in the Ddyn signatures were observed at both stations,with the TIR station(India)showing higher intensity than the LKW station(Malaysia).
