Objectives This study aimed to clarify the relationship between the content of proxy decision-making made by families of patients with malignant brain tumors regarding treatment policies and daily care and the cues le...Objectives This study aimed to clarify the relationship between the content of proxy decision-making made by families of patients with malignant brain tumors regarding treatment policies and daily care and the cues leading to those decisions.Methods Semi-structured personal interviews were used to collect data.Seven family members of patients with malignant brain tumors were selected to participate in the study by purposive sampling method from June to August 2022 in the Patient Family Association of Japan.Responses were content analyzed to explore the relationship between the content of decisions regarding“treatment policies”and“daily care”and the cues influencing those decisions.Semi-structured interviews were analyzed by using thematic analysis.Results The contents of proxy decisions regarding“treatment policies”included implementation,interruption,and termination of initial treatments,free medical treatments,use of respirators,and end-of-life sedation and included six cues:treatment policies suggested by the primary physician,information and knowledge about the disease and treatment obtained by the family from limited resources,perceived life threat from symptom worsening,words and reactions from the patient regarding treatment,patient’s personality and way of life inferred from their treatment preferences,family’s thoughts and values hoping for better treatment for the patient.Decisions for“daily care”included meal content and methods,excretion,mobility,maintaining cleanliness,rehabilitation,continuation or resignation from work,treatment settings(outpatient or inpatient),and ways to spend time outside and included seven cues:words and thoughts from the patient about their way of life,patient’s reactions and life history inferred from their preferred way of living,things the patient can do to maintain daily life and roles,awareness of the increasing inability to do things in daily life,family’s underlying thoughts and values about how to spend the remaining time,approval from family members regarding the care setting,advice from medical professionals on living at home.Conclusions For“treatment policies,”guidelines from medical professionals were a key cue,while for“daily care,”the small signs from the patients in their daily lives served as cues for proxy decision-making.This may be due to the lack of information available to families and the limited time available for discussion with the patient.Families of patients with malignant brain tumors repeatedly use multiple cues to make proxy decision-making under high uncertainty.Therefore,nurses supporting proxy decision-making should assess the family’s situation and provide cues that facilitate informed and confident decisions.展开更多
A total of fifty (50) samples of water from Lake Fitri (Chad), with 25 samples per island (Domoro and Maguite). The aim of this study was to analyze the bacteriological, biochemical and physico-chemical quality of the...A total of fifty (50) samples of water from Lake Fitri (Chad), with 25 samples per island (Domoro and Maguite). The aim of this study was to analyze the bacteriological, biochemical and physico-chemical quality of the water in Lake Fitri in Chad. Standard microbiology methods were used. Isolated strains of enterobacteria were characterized by API 20E and API Staph galleries and confirmed by API Web. Antibiotic resistance was performed according to the recommendations of the antibiogram committee (CA-SFM, 2019). Physico-chemical analysis of the water was carried out by (Rodier, 2009). The microbiological results revealed an abundance on the Domoro islands (5.37.106 ± 1.5.105 and 1.97.105 ± 4.94.104), successively for total aerobic mesophilic flora (FMAT), and thermotolerant coliform (E. coli) and on the Maguite Islands (4.71.106 ± 7.14.105 and 2.32.105 ± 2.86.104), alternately for total aerobic mesophilic flora (FMAT), and thermotolerant coliform (E. coli). The results obtained after incubation of the biochemical tests using the API 20E and API Staph galleries and their proposed numerical profile analyzed using Api software and confirmed by Api Web confirmed the contamination of the waters of Lake Fitri by pathogenic strains of E. coli, Staphylococcus and Salmonella spp. The results of the antibiogram carried out show the emergence of certain resistances to Tobramycin, Flucytosine and Teicoplanin. The average levels of BOD5, COD, SS, Nitrate (NO3) and Nitrite (NO2) for Domoro Island were 32.14 ± 2.37 mg/L, 423.86 ± 4.78 mg/L, 65.42 ± 2.27 mg/L, 0.04 ± 0.01 mg/L and 3.32 ± 1.48 mg/L respectively. The water from the islands of Lake Fitri must therefore be rigorously treated before consumption.展开更多
Background: Social determinants of health (SDOH) significantly influence diseases with environmental components, like vector-borne parasitic diseases. This study aims to examine how these factors influence vector-born...Background: Social determinants of health (SDOH) significantly influence diseases with environmental components, like vector-borne parasitic diseases. This study aims to examine how these factors influence vector-borne parasitic diseases (VBPDs) transmission in Chad and provide recommendations for policy improvements. Methods: The study adopts the WHO Conceptual Framework of SDOH to compare two regions in Southern Chad: Kouh-Est, which has an ongoing vector control program, and Grand-Sido, which lacks such a program. The study includes both nomadic and sedentary populations to provide a comprehensive understanding of the SDOH influencing VBPDs. Households were randomly selected. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, literacy, knowledge of VBPDs and protective measures, and access to education and health facilities were collected. Results: A total of 202 households from 17 villages, including 820 participants, were surveyed. Agriculture, livestock, and fishing were the main occupations, involving 84.1% of participants. Literacy was low, with 36.7% non-educated, 47.7% completing primary school, 14.5% secondary school, and only 0.3% reaching tertiary education. Most villages lacked schools beyond the primary level, and nomadic populations were significantly less educated than sedentary ones (p Conclusion: Educational deficiencies, lack of protective measures against vectors, inadequate healthcare resources, and lifestyle conditions aggravated by poor road infrastructure, limited transportation, and economic constraints contribute to worsened VBPDs outcomes in these rural populations. Addressing these systemic issues in the surveyed communities is essential for improving health equity and VBPDs outcomes in these regions specifically and in similar populations settings more broadly.展开更多
Over the past decade,several biochemical pathways have been investigated to understand the underlying mechanisms involved in the beneficial effects of physical exercise on cognition.1,2 Lourenco et al.,3 in an elegant...Over the past decade,several biochemical pathways have been investigated to understand the underlying mechanisms involved in the beneficial effects of physical exercise on cognition.1,2 Lourenco et al.,3 in an elegant study published in Nature Medicine,examined the relationship between exercise training and hippocampal memory function.Mechanistically,the authors showed that FNDC5/irisin is an important mediator of beneficial effects of physical exercise in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.展开更多
Background:As the effectiveness of breast cancer treatment has improved,a growing number of long-term breast cancer survivors are seeking help for unique health problems.These patients may be at increased risk of card...Background:As the effectiveness of breast cancer treatment has improved,a growing number of long-term breast cancer survivors are seeking help for unique health problems.These patients may be at increased risk of cardiovascular disease due to the side effects of treatment.The positive impact of most types of exercise has been repeatedly reported in people with cancer,but the most effective exercise approaches for maximum beneficial adaptations remain controversial.Thus,this study aimed to compare the effects of high-intensity interval training(HIIT)and moderate-intensity continuous training(MICT) on inflammatory indices,adipokines,metabolic markers,body composition,cardiorespiratory fitness,and quality of life in breast cancer patients during adjuvant endocrine therapy.Methods:Thirty non-metastatic breast cancer patients during adjuvant endocrine therapy who had been treated with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy were recruited from Iran and randomized to HIIT,MICT,or control groups for a supervised exercise intervention that took place 3 times a week for 12 weeks.The training intensity was determed based on the peak oxygen uptake(VO2peak),and the volume of training was matched in HIIT and MICT based on the VO2peak.Body composition,functional capacity,cardiorespiratory fitness,metabolic indices,sex hormones,adipokines,and inflammatory markers were assessed before and after the intervention.Results:The VO2peakincreased by 16.8% in the HIIT group in comparison to baseline values(mean difference=3.61 mL/kg/min).HIIT significantly improved the VO2peakcompared to control(mean difference=3.609 mL/kg/min) and MICT(mean differences=2.974 mL/kg/min)groups.Both HIIT(mean difference=9.172 mg/dL) and MICT(mean difference=7.879 mg/dL) interventions significantly increased highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol levels compared to the control group.The analysis of covariance showed that physical well-being significantly improved in MICT compared to control group(mean difference=3.268).HIIT significantly improved the social well-being compared to the control group(mean difference=4.412).Emotional well-being subscale was significantly improved in both MICT(mean difference=4.248)and HIIT(mean difference=4.412) compared to the control group.Functional well-being scores significantly increased in HIIT group compared with control group(mean difference=3.35).Significant increase were also observed in total functional assessment of cancer therapy-General scores in both HIIT(mean difference=14.204) and MICT groups(mean difference=10.036) compared with control group.The serum level of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 increased significantly(mean difference=0.09 pg/mL) in the HIIT group compared to the baseline.There were no significant differences between groups for body weight,body mass index,fasting blood glucose,insulin resistance,sex hormone binding globulin,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,adipokines,interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-a,or interleukin-10.Conclusion:HIIT can be used as a safe,feasible,and time-efficient intervention to improve cardiovascular fitness in breast cancer patients.Both HIIT and MICT modalities enhance quality of life.Further large-scale studies will help determine whether these promising results translate into improved clinical and oncological outcomes.展开更多
The Nutri-Score is a 5-color front-of-pack nutrition label designed to provide consumers with an easily understandable guideline to the healthiness of food products.The impact that the Nutri-Score may have on consumer...The Nutri-Score is a 5-color front-of-pack nutrition label designed to provide consumers with an easily understandable guideline to the healthiness of food products.The impact that the Nutri-Score may have on consumers'choices is unclear since different experimental paradigms have found vastly different effect sizes.In the present study,we have investigated how student participants change a hypothetical personal 1-daydietary plan after a learning phase during which they learn about the Nutri-Scores of the available food items.Participants were instructed to compose a healthy diet plan in order that the question of whether the NutriScore would improve their ability to compose a healthy dietary plan could be investigated,independent of the question of whether they would apply this knowledge in their ordinary lives.We found a substantial(Cohen's d=0.86)positive impact on nutritional quality(as measured by the Nutrient Profiling System score of the Food Standards Agency)and a medium-sized(Cohen's d=0.43)reduction of energy content.Energy content reduction was larger for participants who had initially composed plans with higher energy content.The results suggest that the Nutri-Score has the potential to guide consumers to healthier food choices.It remains unclear,however,whether this potential will be reflected in real-life dietary choices.展开更多
Implementation is expected to be a measure for sustainable forest management by providing benefit for forest users based on their efforts. Without careful attention for the social safeguard, the mechanism of reducing ...Implementation is expected to be a measure for sustainable forest management by providing benefit for forest users based on their efforts. Without careful attention for the social safeguard, the mechanism of reducing greenhouse gas emissions from deforestation and forest degradation with forest management (REDD+) might cause negative impact such as depriving of customary forest use rights under unclear tenure and forest use rights typical in Indonesia. This study aimed to explore how REDD+ Safeguard can be applied in readiness activities by analyzing practical forest use situations in a conservation forest, the Gunung Palung National Park as study site. From the results of the questionnaire survey and interviews, characteristics of forest users were identified and compared. The households, mostly Malays, practicing traditional durian collection, were recognized as main forest users depending on on-farm income especially from non-timber forest product (NTFP). Since the income structure is relatively low and unstable, some of them practice farming in forest area or sell their forest use rights to other households. They are inclined to be lack in legal farm land and certain forest use rights. Based on the findings, consideration for diverse forest users and potential readiness activities were discussed and proposed. For achieving REDD+ implementation with sustainable forest management and social safeguard, it will be necessary to respect for customary rights and take comprehensive measures as readiness efforts.展开更多
The large-scale disruptions to physical activity during the coronavirus pandemic have been found to be a leading predictor of common mental disorders.In addition,regular physical exercise has been found to alleviate a...The large-scale disruptions to physical activity during the coronavirus pandemic have been found to be a leading predictor of common mental disorders.In addition,regular physical exercise has been found to alleviate anxiety,sadness and depression during the pandemic.These findings,together with numerous studies published before the pandemic on the effects of physical activity on mental health,should be considered in the provision of mental health care following the pandemic.Cross-sectional research has revealed that all types of exercise and sport are associated with a reduced mental health burden.Therefore,the effectiveness of exercise and sport participation in sustainable mental health care as well as the causal relationship between exercise,psychosocial health and common mental disorders merit further investigation.Physical activity and sport,with their global accessibility,significant and clinically meaningful efficacy as well as virtual absence of adverse effects,offer a promising option for the promotion of mental health,including the prevention and treatment of common mental disorders.Physical exercise and sport are likely to become valuable public mental health resources in the future.展开更多
Purpose:?The aim of this study was to describe Thai psychiatric nurses’ experiences and perceptions of their professional role when caring for older people whom displayed symptoms of clinical depression.?Methods:?A q...Purpose:?The aim of this study was to describe Thai psychiatric nurses’ experiences and perceptions of their professional role when caring for older people whom displayed symptoms of clinical depression.?Methods:?A qualitative descriptive research design was used. Thirteen psychiatric nurses working in the field of mental health and psychiatric nursing at a rural district hospital were purposively included. The data were collected through in-depth,?face to face interviews and analyzed using qualitative latent content analysis.?Results:?All participants were female, and the mean age was 43 years, and the mean experience of caring for mentally ill patients was 8.3 years. The psychiatric nurses’ experiences and perceptions of their professional role were mirrored in the following themes:?1) managing a central role in the care of the patients;?2) conflicting interests between the professional needs of caregiving and other requests;and?3) being compassionate beyond the profession.?Conclusion: The psychiatric nurses were challenged by the complexity of the caregiving situations and the partners involved in the process of caring for older people with depression. Professionally, the psychiatric nurses played an important role in preventive care and managerial work. They underwent stress under the influence of stakeholders, but they also contributed to the holistic patient care.?Health service authorities may use these results to develop plans for psychiatric nurses in managing a central role and in advocating for holistic care to mitigate the influence of stakeholders to enhance quality of caring for older?individuals with depression.展开更多
REDD plus activities corresponded in Central Kalimantan Province, Indonesia and their GHG emission reductions potential were analyzed. Target area is located in a remote area from Pa-langkaraya, Capital of Central Kal...REDD plus activities corresponded in Central Kalimantan Province, Indonesia and their GHG emission reductions potential were analyzed. Target area is located in a remote area from Pa-langkaraya, Capital of Central Kalimantan Province and consisted of immigrating people mainly from Java Island. In the target area, most of local people conducted unsustainable land use activities (e.g. slash-and-burn agriculture). From analysis of past land use in the target area, there were drastic changes in land use from 1989 after migration began. Natural secondary forest with high density was greatly reduced (2010 levels are approximately 80% of 1996 levels) and converted to cropland and settlement. Also, the reduction in natural secondary forest with high density allowed Melaleuca cajuputi Powell forest to rapidly increase in size (2010 levels are approximately 3.7 times as 1996 levels). Additionally, as marked point, there was an increase in oil palm plantations from 2008 and onwards. From results of land use change in the past, mean annual GHG emissions of 5450 Gg CO2e year-1 had been continued until year 2010. To consider counter-measure for reducing GHG emissions in the target area, the relationship between past land use changes and human activities was analyzed through workshops with stakeholders of 6 different groups (village authorities, forest fire fighting team, members of farmers group, large landowners, workers outside of village and oil palm plantation and mother having small children). The results of the workshops showed that the core problem of unsustainable land use faced by 4 of the 6 groups of stakeholders was the lack of job opportunities (means to earn a living) in the target area. Also, it was learned that core groups considered oil palm plantations is to alleviate the problem and provide a source of alternative income. Furthermore, the workshops indicated that future land use scenario (reference scenario) will be based on income from oil palm plantations and, to prevent such land conversion, counter-measures (REDD plus project scenario) of indirect activities of local people’s lifestyle improvement (e.g. A new forestry system which uses abundant resources of M. cajuputi forest) and reducing pressures on forest resources should be introduced. This study indicated, by implementing REDD plus project in the target area, potential reduction in GHG emissions is quite large and such GHG reduction will be essential as mitigation activities under the new mitigation mechanism, the Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM) between Indonesia and Japan.展开更多
The association between aortic insufficiency and sinus dysfunction is rare. We reported a case of significant chronic degenerative aortic insufficiency associated with sinus dysfunction. This was a 66-year-old patient...The association between aortic insufficiency and sinus dysfunction is rare. We reported a case of significant chronic degenerative aortic insufficiency associated with sinus dysfunction. This was a 66-year-old patient on follow-up for asymptomatic chronic aortic insufficiency who was referred to us for a preoperative invasive hemodynamic assessment. The indication for surgery was based on the left ventricular dilation criteria. The echocardiography and cardiac catheterization showed a disappearance between the aortic insufficiency and the left ventricular repercussion. Upon discovery of the sinus bradycardia, the patient received a single chamber pacemaker set at a base rate of 70 seconds in AAIR at first and then the patient was measured remotely. At five months, cardiac pacing resulted in a significant reduction in the left ventricular diameter and volume on the echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging;therefore surgery was postponed.展开更多
This article presents the sexual perception of young Lebanese students. We hypothesized that, in Lebanon and the Arab countries, premarital sex is forbidden by most cultures because of conservative societies and backg...This article presents the sexual perception of young Lebanese students. We hypothesized that, in Lebanon and the Arab countries, premarital sex is forbidden by most cultures because of conservative societies and backgrounds. Sexuality lives as a “myth” in these conservative societies. We examined the influence of demographics and genders among a group of 706 Lebanese university students, from public and private universities, as well as the fluctuation of sexual beliefs and practices, based on their gender, demographics and social pressure. The method used was a questionnaire collected form n = 706 students, 446 females and 260 males. The female population of our sample is 62.9% of the total volunteers while the male population is 36.7%. They come from different religions (Christian, Muslim, Druze and Other), between May 2015 and December 2015. Quantitative significant results: 1) A non-conformity with the social and demographic pressure and an openness of the new generations. Similarly, it shows more permissiveness in flirting. Even though, parts of the negative answers were significantly linked to understanding the rules of prohibited sex (NO 32.4% for belief and NO 34.5% for practice);2) the reality of Lebanese youth, their integrity in engaging in a relationship, and their true daily happening of social and peer pressure;3) An opening to a natural outlook of sexual life, (25.5%) with reluctance on dating (51.1%);4) An important significance is showed in the percentage between beliefs and practice: 18% in belief and 78.3% in practice (Q1) and 34.2% in belief and 60.8% in practice (Q2) emphasizing on the reality of sexual engagement within Lebanese youth;5) However, reluctance in engaging in sexual activity and attachment and fear to social sanctions toward premarital sex and agreeing on abstinence before marriage. Quantitative findings supported the lack of sexual education and the prevalence of religious and social norms. This article examines Young Lebanese adolescents do not always have the same views neither the same patterns of sexual behaviors between men and women. Education and awareness are the keys to a healthy sexual life. Specifically, it considers the way they receive their sexual education, the acceptance and refusal of differences between genders, beliefs and practices. It becomes a real challenge when it comes to early learning and education, openness, and real communication of sexual life, being a natural part of life, with honesty and transparency.展开更多
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has been an emotionally challenging time,especially for young adults.It is associated with a substantial increase in the prevalence of mental health problems,n...BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has been an emotionally challenging time,especially for young adults.It is associated with a substantial increase in the prevalence of mental health problems,negative symptoms,and stressful experiences that compromise well-being.In low-income countries,internet-delivered psychological services could have a remarkable impact on the population’s mental health,given the lack of mental health professionals.AIM To investigate the efficacy of internet-delivered cognitive-behavior therapy(CBT)-transdiagnostic intervention for adults with emotional disorders.METHODS In this internet-delivered randomized controlled trial,102 students with an emotional disorder(mean age=28.20 years,standard deviation=5.07)were randomly allocated to receive unified protocol(UP)(n=51)or treatment as the usual intervention.Following a semi-structured clinical interview,participants completed an online survey including the Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale,Overall Depression Severity and Impairment Scale,Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale,Positive and Negative Affect Schedule,and Emotional Style Questionnaire.RESULTS The participants showed a high degree of adherence.In total,78%(n=40)of the experimental group participants completed the UP treatment.Considering the intention to treat procedure,the results of the analysis of covariance indicated that participants who received UP showed statistically significant changes in depression symptoms[Cohen’s d=-1.50 with 95%confidence interval(CI):-1.90 to-1.10],anxiety(Cohen’s d=-1.06 with 95%CI:-1.48 to-0.65),difficulties with emotion regulation(Cohen’s d=-0.33 with 95%CI:-0.7 to-0.06),positive affect(Cohen's d=1.27 with 95%CI:0.85 to 1.68),negative affect(Cohen’s d=-1.04 with 95%CI:-1.46 to-0.63),and healthy emotionality(Cohen’s d=0.53 with 95%CI:0.09 to 0.13)compared with the control group.CONCLUSION This study’s findings highlight the potential value of transdiagnostic internet-delivered programs for young adults with an emotional disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic,and expand the research examining emotional well-being improvements resulting from CBT-transdiagnostic interventions.The findings suggest that UP,which generally concentrates on reducing negative effects,can increase positive effects.展开更多
Purpose: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation on improving selective attention in patients with mild cognitive impairment. Methods: It was a quasi-experimental stud...Purpose: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation on improving selective attention in patients with mild cognitive impairment. Methods: It was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test. The population in this study was all individuals referred to a neurology clinic in Tehran in 2012. The group was comprised of 40 patients with mild cognitive impairment who were evaluated with early detection and assessment by a medical psychologist (MMSE score lower than 25 and Wechsler memory test) and were selected by available sampling. They were also older than 55 years and had a minimum education at degree level, together with a lack of neurological and psychiatric comorbidities and impaired sensory and motor retardation, according to their nursing history and medical records. They were randomly divided into experimental and control groups (20 patients in each group). The experimental group was given 12 sessions (two hours each section) of cognitive rehabilitation with Neurocognitive Joyful Attentive Training Intervention (NEJATI). The control group, as expected with this group, did not receive any trial period. The selective attention of both groups was evaluated, before and after receiving intervention, by a Strop computer programme. Data were analysed using the covariance statistical test, MANCOVA. Results: The results show an increase in selective attention scores in the experimental group compared with the control group. Therefore, we can conclude that cognitive rehabilitation leads to improvement in the performance of selective attention (F = 4/97;展开更多
Research has shown that dissatisfied couples in the relationship commonly exhibit facial expressions of contempt in interactions. At this point, based on the study of cognition and physiology, researchers were able to...Research has shown that dissatisfied couples in the relationship commonly exhibit facial expressions of contempt in interactions. At this point, based on the study of cognition and physiology, researchers were able to predict by longitudinal studies the probability of divorce in a marriage, with accuracy of up to 94%. Our objective was to investigate whether the occurrence of facial expressions of disgust and contempt in married women is associated with marital dissatisfaction. This is an experimental study that correlated, through filmed interviews, the frequency of facial expressions of disgust and disgust (Facial Action Coding System) to the Marital State’s Golombok Rust Inventory, in a sample composed of 20 women. Data analysis based on the Spearman Correlation Test showed a positive correlation between facial expressions of disgust and disdain and conjugal dissatisfaction (rs = 0.2198, p = 0.0280), corroborating the data in the literature.展开更多
The Sports Garbage Pickup Tournament is a sports event that incorporates elements of competition into cleaning activities,as opposed to traditional cleaning activities.As of the end of December 2016,a total of 552 Spo...The Sports Garbage Pickup Tournament is a sports event that incorporates elements of competition into cleaning activities,as opposed to traditional cleaning activities.As of the end of December 2016,a total of 552 Sports Garbage Pickup Tournaments have been held,mobilizing a cumulative total number of 62,989 people.As each tournament brings a revenue of over 300,000 yen,the total sales so far would be more than 165,000,000 yen.This game was recently reported on the International Olympic Committee channel.The garbage issue,a social problem for local communities,should be solved by residents,visitors,and workers themselves through sports,cooperating with local governments.This is an eco-friendly sport aimed at“solving local social problems through sports.”Sports Garbage Pickup Tournaments can be held anywhere,inside the city or in a natural environment.In addition,the competition allows participants to visually understand the environmental capacity of garbage produced in the community,as the points are weighted according to the types of garbage.The Sports Garbage Pickup Tournament is an educational program for sustainable development with emphasis on experience,pursuit,and practice,and also an action-based program aimed at promoting spontaneous action.This is an optimal competition for participants to acquire skills through mutual communication.As children,adults,and people with disabilities can play together,the competition will promote communication across the generations.展开更多
We examined the psychosocial factors affecting middle-aged Japanese women’s intentions to undergo mammography, as well as their actual usage of mammography by applying the Parallel Processing Model (PPM) of self regu...We examined the psychosocial factors affecting middle-aged Japanese women’s intentions to undergo mammography, as well as their actual usage of mammography by applying the Parallel Processing Model (PPM) of self regulation longitudinally. A total of 1030 middle-aged women living in all parts of Japan participated in this study through internet research from September 2010 to May 2011. The participants were evaluated on the basis of a battery of questionnaires mainly including demographics, perceived breast cancer risk, worry about breast cancer, mammography testing beliefs, intentions to use mammography, seeking information about mammography, and actual usage of mammography thrice over an eight-month period. The main results were as follows: 1) Perceived risk and cancer worry affected the intention of undergoing mammography, and this effect was mediated by beliefs about mammography testing. 2) Intention to use mammography and past mammography usage predicted future usage of mammography, with past mammography usage being the strongest predictor. 3) Information seeking about mammography was the strongest predictor of using mammography during the eight-month follow-up period of middle-aged women who had not undergone any mammography testing. PPM was a useful model to explain the mechanism behind middle-aged Japanese women’s intentions to use mammography, as well as their actual usage of mammography. In addition, past mammography experience was the strongest predictor of regular mammography usage and information seeking was a critical factor for the first-usage of mammography.展开更多
By applying multiple wavelet coherence (MWC) to data from human body movements in triadic interaction, this study quantified triadic synchrony, rhythmic similarity among three interactants. Thirty-nine Japanese underg...By applying multiple wavelet coherence (MWC) to data from human body movements in triadic interaction, this study quantified triadic synchrony, rhythmic similarity among three interactants. Thirty-nine Japanese undergraduates were randomly assigned in a triad, and engaged in a brain-storming task. Triadic synchrony was quantified by calculating MWC to the time-series movement data collected by Kinect v2 sensor. The existence of synchrony was statistically tested by using a pseudo-synchrony paradigm. Results showed that the averaged value of MWC was higher in the experimental participant trio than in those of the pseudo trio in the frequency band of 0.5 - 1 Hz. The result supports the possible utility of applying multiple wavelet coherence to evaluate triadic synchrony in a small group interaction.展开更多
<strong>Purpose:</strong> This study aims to verify the validity of the contents of the Nurse Administered Depression Scale for Elderly Inpatients16 (NDE16) using the Delphi approach in order to further im...<strong>Purpose:</strong> This study aims to verify the validity of the contents of the Nurse Administered Depression Scale for Elderly Inpatients16 (NDE16) using the Delphi approach in order to further improve the accuracy of the NDE16, a scale for rating potential depressive states in elderly inpatients through the observations reported by nurses.<strong> Methods:</strong> Participants were nurses working in general wards for longer than 3 years and who expressed consent to the study participation. Data were collected using the Delphi method (3 times). Responses are scored from 1 to 5 (3 - 5 points as positive) using the Likert method. The standard criteria for inclusion in the further evaluation are “mean ≥ 3.0”, “standard deviation < 1.0”, “median ≥ 3.0”, and “IQR ≤ 1.0”. Items that meet all the criteria at the third survey are employed as question items in the final questionnaire. <strong>Results: </strong>The respondents were 139 females, 10 males, and 1 unknown, aged 25 to 65. The collection rates of the three surveys were 75% to 82%. Based on the results of the first survey, wordings of 9 questions were modified. Since Question 13 “Queries are not really responded to.” did not meet the criteria (IQR = 2) at the third survey, we excluded this question and named the revised scale NDE15. <strong>Discussion: </strong>The reason why Question 13 did not meet the criteria could be due to the difficulty in distinguishing “Expressing thought suppression” from the state of cognitive decline in dementia. Further studies are needed to determine cutoff points.展开更多
文摘Objectives This study aimed to clarify the relationship between the content of proxy decision-making made by families of patients with malignant brain tumors regarding treatment policies and daily care and the cues leading to those decisions.Methods Semi-structured personal interviews were used to collect data.Seven family members of patients with malignant brain tumors were selected to participate in the study by purposive sampling method from June to August 2022 in the Patient Family Association of Japan.Responses were content analyzed to explore the relationship between the content of decisions regarding“treatment policies”and“daily care”and the cues influencing those decisions.Semi-structured interviews were analyzed by using thematic analysis.Results The contents of proxy decisions regarding“treatment policies”included implementation,interruption,and termination of initial treatments,free medical treatments,use of respirators,and end-of-life sedation and included six cues:treatment policies suggested by the primary physician,information and knowledge about the disease and treatment obtained by the family from limited resources,perceived life threat from symptom worsening,words and reactions from the patient regarding treatment,patient’s personality and way of life inferred from their treatment preferences,family’s thoughts and values hoping for better treatment for the patient.Decisions for“daily care”included meal content and methods,excretion,mobility,maintaining cleanliness,rehabilitation,continuation or resignation from work,treatment settings(outpatient or inpatient),and ways to spend time outside and included seven cues:words and thoughts from the patient about their way of life,patient’s reactions and life history inferred from their preferred way of living,things the patient can do to maintain daily life and roles,awareness of the increasing inability to do things in daily life,family’s underlying thoughts and values about how to spend the remaining time,approval from family members regarding the care setting,advice from medical professionals on living at home.Conclusions For“treatment policies,”guidelines from medical professionals were a key cue,while for“daily care,”the small signs from the patients in their daily lives served as cues for proxy decision-making.This may be due to the lack of information available to families and the limited time available for discussion with the patient.Families of patients with malignant brain tumors repeatedly use multiple cues to make proxy decision-making under high uncertainty.Therefore,nurses supporting proxy decision-making should assess the family’s situation and provide cues that facilitate informed and confident decisions.
文摘A total of fifty (50) samples of water from Lake Fitri (Chad), with 25 samples per island (Domoro and Maguite). The aim of this study was to analyze the bacteriological, biochemical and physico-chemical quality of the water in Lake Fitri in Chad. Standard microbiology methods were used. Isolated strains of enterobacteria were characterized by API 20E and API Staph galleries and confirmed by API Web. Antibiotic resistance was performed according to the recommendations of the antibiogram committee (CA-SFM, 2019). Physico-chemical analysis of the water was carried out by (Rodier, 2009). The microbiological results revealed an abundance on the Domoro islands (5.37.106 ± 1.5.105 and 1.97.105 ± 4.94.104), successively for total aerobic mesophilic flora (FMAT), and thermotolerant coliform (E. coli) and on the Maguite Islands (4.71.106 ± 7.14.105 and 2.32.105 ± 2.86.104), alternately for total aerobic mesophilic flora (FMAT), and thermotolerant coliform (E. coli). The results obtained after incubation of the biochemical tests using the API 20E and API Staph galleries and their proposed numerical profile analyzed using Api software and confirmed by Api Web confirmed the contamination of the waters of Lake Fitri by pathogenic strains of E. coli, Staphylococcus and Salmonella spp. The results of the antibiogram carried out show the emergence of certain resistances to Tobramycin, Flucytosine and Teicoplanin. The average levels of BOD5, COD, SS, Nitrate (NO3) and Nitrite (NO2) for Domoro Island were 32.14 ± 2.37 mg/L, 423.86 ± 4.78 mg/L, 65.42 ± 2.27 mg/L, 0.04 ± 0.01 mg/L and 3.32 ± 1.48 mg/L respectively. The water from the islands of Lake Fitri must therefore be rigorously treated before consumption.
文摘Background: Social determinants of health (SDOH) significantly influence diseases with environmental components, like vector-borne parasitic diseases. This study aims to examine how these factors influence vector-borne parasitic diseases (VBPDs) transmission in Chad and provide recommendations for policy improvements. Methods: The study adopts the WHO Conceptual Framework of SDOH to compare two regions in Southern Chad: Kouh-Est, which has an ongoing vector control program, and Grand-Sido, which lacks such a program. The study includes both nomadic and sedentary populations to provide a comprehensive understanding of the SDOH influencing VBPDs. Households were randomly selected. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, literacy, knowledge of VBPDs and protective measures, and access to education and health facilities were collected. Results: A total of 202 households from 17 villages, including 820 participants, were surveyed. Agriculture, livestock, and fishing were the main occupations, involving 84.1% of participants. Literacy was low, with 36.7% non-educated, 47.7% completing primary school, 14.5% secondary school, and only 0.3% reaching tertiary education. Most villages lacked schools beyond the primary level, and nomadic populations were significantly less educated than sedentary ones (p Conclusion: Educational deficiencies, lack of protective measures against vectors, inadequate healthcare resources, and lifestyle conditions aggravated by poor road infrastructure, limited transportation, and economic constraints contribute to worsened VBPDs outcomes in these rural populations. Addressing these systemic issues in the surveyed communities is essential for improving health equity and VBPDs outcomes in these regions specifically and in similar populations settings more broadly.
基金supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG BU 1837/5-1BU 1837/5-2)
文摘Over the past decade,several biochemical pathways have been investigated to understand the underlying mechanisms involved in the beneficial effects of physical exercise on cognition.1,2 Lourenco et al.,3 in an elegant study published in Nature Medicine,examined the relationship between exercise training and hippocampal memory function.Mechanistically,the authors showed that FNDC5/irisin is an important mediator of beneficial effects of physical exercise in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
基金supported by the Sport Sciences Research Institute of Iran
文摘Background:As the effectiveness of breast cancer treatment has improved,a growing number of long-term breast cancer survivors are seeking help for unique health problems.These patients may be at increased risk of cardiovascular disease due to the side effects of treatment.The positive impact of most types of exercise has been repeatedly reported in people with cancer,but the most effective exercise approaches for maximum beneficial adaptations remain controversial.Thus,this study aimed to compare the effects of high-intensity interval training(HIIT)and moderate-intensity continuous training(MICT) on inflammatory indices,adipokines,metabolic markers,body composition,cardiorespiratory fitness,and quality of life in breast cancer patients during adjuvant endocrine therapy.Methods:Thirty non-metastatic breast cancer patients during adjuvant endocrine therapy who had been treated with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy were recruited from Iran and randomized to HIIT,MICT,or control groups for a supervised exercise intervention that took place 3 times a week for 12 weeks.The training intensity was determed based on the peak oxygen uptake(VO2peak),and the volume of training was matched in HIIT and MICT based on the VO2peak.Body composition,functional capacity,cardiorespiratory fitness,metabolic indices,sex hormones,adipokines,and inflammatory markers were assessed before and after the intervention.Results:The VO2peakincreased by 16.8% in the HIIT group in comparison to baseline values(mean difference=3.61 mL/kg/min).HIIT significantly improved the VO2peakcompared to control(mean difference=3.609 mL/kg/min) and MICT(mean differences=2.974 mL/kg/min)groups.Both HIIT(mean difference=9.172 mg/dL) and MICT(mean difference=7.879 mg/dL) interventions significantly increased highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol levels compared to the control group.The analysis of covariance showed that physical well-being significantly improved in MICT compared to control group(mean difference=3.268).HIIT significantly improved the social well-being compared to the control group(mean difference=4.412).Emotional well-being subscale was significantly improved in both MICT(mean difference=4.248)and HIIT(mean difference=4.412) compared to the control group.Functional well-being scores significantly increased in HIIT group compared with control group(mean difference=3.35).Significant increase were also observed in total functional assessment of cancer therapy-General scores in both HIIT(mean difference=14.204) and MICT groups(mean difference=10.036) compared with control group.The serum level of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 increased significantly(mean difference=0.09 pg/mL) in the HIIT group compared to the baseline.There were no significant differences between groups for body weight,body mass index,fasting blood glucose,insulin resistance,sex hormone binding globulin,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,adipokines,interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-a,or interleukin-10.Conclusion:HIIT can be used as a safe,feasible,and time-efficient intervention to improve cardiovascular fitness in breast cancer patients.Both HIIT and MICT modalities enhance quality of life.Further large-scale studies will help determine whether these promising results translate into improved clinical and oncological outcomes.
文摘The Nutri-Score is a 5-color front-of-pack nutrition label designed to provide consumers with an easily understandable guideline to the healthiness of food products.The impact that the Nutri-Score may have on consumers'choices is unclear since different experimental paradigms have found vastly different effect sizes.In the present study,we have investigated how student participants change a hypothetical personal 1-daydietary plan after a learning phase during which they learn about the Nutri-Scores of the available food items.Participants were instructed to compose a healthy diet plan in order that the question of whether the NutriScore would improve their ability to compose a healthy dietary plan could be investigated,independent of the question of whether they would apply this knowledge in their ordinary lives.We found a substantial(Cohen's d=0.86)positive impact on nutritional quality(as measured by the Nutrient Profiling System score of the Food Standards Agency)and a medium-sized(Cohen's d=0.43)reduction of energy content.Energy content reduction was larger for participants who had initially composed plans with higher energy content.The results suggest that the Nutri-Score has the potential to guide consumers to healthier food choices.It remains unclear,however,whether this potential will be reflected in real-life dietary choices.
文摘Implementation is expected to be a measure for sustainable forest management by providing benefit for forest users based on their efforts. Without careful attention for the social safeguard, the mechanism of reducing greenhouse gas emissions from deforestation and forest degradation with forest management (REDD+) might cause negative impact such as depriving of customary forest use rights under unclear tenure and forest use rights typical in Indonesia. This study aimed to explore how REDD+ Safeguard can be applied in readiness activities by analyzing practical forest use situations in a conservation forest, the Gunung Palung National Park as study site. From the results of the questionnaire survey and interviews, characteristics of forest users were identified and compared. The households, mostly Malays, practicing traditional durian collection, were recognized as main forest users depending on on-farm income especially from non-timber forest product (NTFP). Since the income structure is relatively low and unstable, some of them practice farming in forest area or sell their forest use rights to other households. They are inclined to be lack in legal farm land and certain forest use rights. Based on the findings, consideration for diverse forest users and potential readiness activities were discussed and proposed. For achieving REDD+ implementation with sustainable forest management and social safeguard, it will be necessary to respect for customary rights and take comprehensive measures as readiness efforts.
文摘The large-scale disruptions to physical activity during the coronavirus pandemic have been found to be a leading predictor of common mental disorders.In addition,regular physical exercise has been found to alleviate anxiety,sadness and depression during the pandemic.These findings,together with numerous studies published before the pandemic on the effects of physical activity on mental health,should be considered in the provision of mental health care following the pandemic.Cross-sectional research has revealed that all types of exercise and sport are associated with a reduced mental health burden.Therefore,the effectiveness of exercise and sport participation in sustainable mental health care as well as the causal relationship between exercise,psychosocial health and common mental disorders merit further investigation.Physical activity and sport,with their global accessibility,significant and clinically meaningful efficacy as well as virtual absence of adverse effects,offer a promising option for the promotion of mental health,including the prevention and treatment of common mental disorders.Physical exercise and sport are likely to become valuable public mental health resources in the future.
文摘Purpose:?The aim of this study was to describe Thai psychiatric nurses’ experiences and perceptions of their professional role when caring for older people whom displayed symptoms of clinical depression.?Methods:?A qualitative descriptive research design was used. Thirteen psychiatric nurses working in the field of mental health and psychiatric nursing at a rural district hospital were purposively included. The data were collected through in-depth,?face to face interviews and analyzed using qualitative latent content analysis.?Results:?All participants were female, and the mean age was 43 years, and the mean experience of caring for mentally ill patients was 8.3 years. The psychiatric nurses’ experiences and perceptions of their professional role were mirrored in the following themes:?1) managing a central role in the care of the patients;?2) conflicting interests between the professional needs of caregiving and other requests;and?3) being compassionate beyond the profession.?Conclusion: The psychiatric nurses were challenged by the complexity of the caregiving situations and the partners involved in the process of caring for older people with depression. Professionally, the psychiatric nurses played an important role in preventive care and managerial work. They underwent stress under the influence of stakeholders, but they also contributed to the holistic patient care.?Health service authorities may use these results to develop plans for psychiatric nurses in managing a central role and in advocating for holistic care to mitigate the influence of stakeholders to enhance quality of caring for older?individuals with depression.
文摘REDD plus activities corresponded in Central Kalimantan Province, Indonesia and their GHG emission reductions potential were analyzed. Target area is located in a remote area from Pa-langkaraya, Capital of Central Kalimantan Province and consisted of immigrating people mainly from Java Island. In the target area, most of local people conducted unsustainable land use activities (e.g. slash-and-burn agriculture). From analysis of past land use in the target area, there were drastic changes in land use from 1989 after migration began. Natural secondary forest with high density was greatly reduced (2010 levels are approximately 80% of 1996 levels) and converted to cropland and settlement. Also, the reduction in natural secondary forest with high density allowed Melaleuca cajuputi Powell forest to rapidly increase in size (2010 levels are approximately 3.7 times as 1996 levels). Additionally, as marked point, there was an increase in oil palm plantations from 2008 and onwards. From results of land use change in the past, mean annual GHG emissions of 5450 Gg CO2e year-1 had been continued until year 2010. To consider counter-measure for reducing GHG emissions in the target area, the relationship between past land use changes and human activities was analyzed through workshops with stakeholders of 6 different groups (village authorities, forest fire fighting team, members of farmers group, large landowners, workers outside of village and oil palm plantation and mother having small children). The results of the workshops showed that the core problem of unsustainable land use faced by 4 of the 6 groups of stakeholders was the lack of job opportunities (means to earn a living) in the target area. Also, it was learned that core groups considered oil palm plantations is to alleviate the problem and provide a source of alternative income. Furthermore, the workshops indicated that future land use scenario (reference scenario) will be based on income from oil palm plantations and, to prevent such land conversion, counter-measures (REDD plus project scenario) of indirect activities of local people’s lifestyle improvement (e.g. A new forestry system which uses abundant resources of M. cajuputi forest) and reducing pressures on forest resources should be introduced. This study indicated, by implementing REDD plus project in the target area, potential reduction in GHG emissions is quite large and such GHG reduction will be essential as mitigation activities under the new mitigation mechanism, the Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM) between Indonesia and Japan.
文摘The association between aortic insufficiency and sinus dysfunction is rare. We reported a case of significant chronic degenerative aortic insufficiency associated with sinus dysfunction. This was a 66-year-old patient on follow-up for asymptomatic chronic aortic insufficiency who was referred to us for a preoperative invasive hemodynamic assessment. The indication for surgery was based on the left ventricular dilation criteria. The echocardiography and cardiac catheterization showed a disappearance between the aortic insufficiency and the left ventricular repercussion. Upon discovery of the sinus bradycardia, the patient received a single chamber pacemaker set at a base rate of 70 seconds in AAIR at first and then the patient was measured remotely. At five months, cardiac pacing resulted in a significant reduction in the left ventricular diameter and volume on the echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging;therefore surgery was postponed.
文摘This article presents the sexual perception of young Lebanese students. We hypothesized that, in Lebanon and the Arab countries, premarital sex is forbidden by most cultures because of conservative societies and backgrounds. Sexuality lives as a “myth” in these conservative societies. We examined the influence of demographics and genders among a group of 706 Lebanese university students, from public and private universities, as well as the fluctuation of sexual beliefs and practices, based on their gender, demographics and social pressure. The method used was a questionnaire collected form n = 706 students, 446 females and 260 males. The female population of our sample is 62.9% of the total volunteers while the male population is 36.7%. They come from different religions (Christian, Muslim, Druze and Other), between May 2015 and December 2015. Quantitative significant results: 1) A non-conformity with the social and demographic pressure and an openness of the new generations. Similarly, it shows more permissiveness in flirting. Even though, parts of the negative answers were significantly linked to understanding the rules of prohibited sex (NO 32.4% for belief and NO 34.5% for practice);2) the reality of Lebanese youth, their integrity in engaging in a relationship, and their true daily happening of social and peer pressure;3) An opening to a natural outlook of sexual life, (25.5%) with reluctance on dating (51.1%);4) An important significance is showed in the percentage between beliefs and practice: 18% in belief and 78.3% in practice (Q1) and 34.2% in belief and 60.8% in practice (Q2) emphasizing on the reality of sexual engagement within Lebanese youth;5) However, reluctance in engaging in sexual activity and attachment and fear to social sanctions toward premarital sex and agreeing on abstinence before marriage. Quantitative findings supported the lack of sexual education and the prevalence of religious and social norms. This article examines Young Lebanese adolescents do not always have the same views neither the same patterns of sexual behaviors between men and women. Education and awareness are the keys to a healthy sexual life. Specifically, it considers the way they receive their sexual education, the acceptance and refusal of differences between genders, beliefs and practices. It becomes a real challenge when it comes to early learning and education, openness, and real communication of sexual life, being a natural part of life, with honesty and transparency.
基金Supported by Shaanxi Province Education Science"13th Five-Year"Planning Topic:Drama Teaching Method in Application of Research of Psychological Education of Primary School students,No.SGH17H472Research Team Cultivation Project of Xi'an Eurasia University:Regional Children’s Psychological Development Research,No.2021XJTD.
文摘BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has been an emotionally challenging time,especially for young adults.It is associated with a substantial increase in the prevalence of mental health problems,negative symptoms,and stressful experiences that compromise well-being.In low-income countries,internet-delivered psychological services could have a remarkable impact on the population’s mental health,given the lack of mental health professionals.AIM To investigate the efficacy of internet-delivered cognitive-behavior therapy(CBT)-transdiagnostic intervention for adults with emotional disorders.METHODS In this internet-delivered randomized controlled trial,102 students with an emotional disorder(mean age=28.20 years,standard deviation=5.07)were randomly allocated to receive unified protocol(UP)(n=51)or treatment as the usual intervention.Following a semi-structured clinical interview,participants completed an online survey including the Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale,Overall Depression Severity and Impairment Scale,Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale,Positive and Negative Affect Schedule,and Emotional Style Questionnaire.RESULTS The participants showed a high degree of adherence.In total,78%(n=40)of the experimental group participants completed the UP treatment.Considering the intention to treat procedure,the results of the analysis of covariance indicated that participants who received UP showed statistically significant changes in depression symptoms[Cohen’s d=-1.50 with 95%confidence interval(CI):-1.90 to-1.10],anxiety(Cohen’s d=-1.06 with 95%CI:-1.48 to-0.65),difficulties with emotion regulation(Cohen’s d=-0.33 with 95%CI:-0.7 to-0.06),positive affect(Cohen's d=1.27 with 95%CI:0.85 to 1.68),negative affect(Cohen’s d=-1.04 with 95%CI:-1.46 to-0.63),and healthy emotionality(Cohen’s d=0.53 with 95%CI:0.09 to 0.13)compared with the control group.CONCLUSION This study’s findings highlight the potential value of transdiagnostic internet-delivered programs for young adults with an emotional disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic,and expand the research examining emotional well-being improvements resulting from CBT-transdiagnostic interventions.The findings suggest that UP,which generally concentrates on reducing negative effects,can increase positive effects.
文摘Purpose: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation on improving selective attention in patients with mild cognitive impairment. Methods: It was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test. The population in this study was all individuals referred to a neurology clinic in Tehran in 2012. The group was comprised of 40 patients with mild cognitive impairment who were evaluated with early detection and assessment by a medical psychologist (MMSE score lower than 25 and Wechsler memory test) and were selected by available sampling. They were also older than 55 years and had a minimum education at degree level, together with a lack of neurological and psychiatric comorbidities and impaired sensory and motor retardation, according to their nursing history and medical records. They were randomly divided into experimental and control groups (20 patients in each group). The experimental group was given 12 sessions (two hours each section) of cognitive rehabilitation with Neurocognitive Joyful Attentive Training Intervention (NEJATI). The control group, as expected with this group, did not receive any trial period. The selective attention of both groups was evaluated, before and after receiving intervention, by a Strop computer programme. Data were analysed using the covariance statistical test, MANCOVA. Results: The results show an increase in selective attention scores in the experimental group compared with the control group. Therefore, we can conclude that cognitive rehabilitation leads to improvement in the performance of selective attention (F = 4/97;
文摘Research has shown that dissatisfied couples in the relationship commonly exhibit facial expressions of contempt in interactions. At this point, based on the study of cognition and physiology, researchers were able to predict by longitudinal studies the probability of divorce in a marriage, with accuracy of up to 94%. Our objective was to investigate whether the occurrence of facial expressions of disgust and contempt in married women is associated with marital dissatisfaction. This is an experimental study that correlated, through filmed interviews, the frequency of facial expressions of disgust and disgust (Facial Action Coding System) to the Marital State’s Golombok Rust Inventory, in a sample composed of 20 women. Data analysis based on the Spearman Correlation Test showed a positive correlation between facial expressions of disgust and disdain and conjugal dissatisfaction (rs = 0.2198, p = 0.0280), corroborating the data in the literature.
文摘The Sports Garbage Pickup Tournament is a sports event that incorporates elements of competition into cleaning activities,as opposed to traditional cleaning activities.As of the end of December 2016,a total of 552 Sports Garbage Pickup Tournaments have been held,mobilizing a cumulative total number of 62,989 people.As each tournament brings a revenue of over 300,000 yen,the total sales so far would be more than 165,000,000 yen.This game was recently reported on the International Olympic Committee channel.The garbage issue,a social problem for local communities,should be solved by residents,visitors,and workers themselves through sports,cooperating with local governments.This is an eco-friendly sport aimed at“solving local social problems through sports.”Sports Garbage Pickup Tournaments can be held anywhere,inside the city or in a natural environment.In addition,the competition allows participants to visually understand the environmental capacity of garbage produced in the community,as the points are weighted according to the types of garbage.The Sports Garbage Pickup Tournament is an educational program for sustainable development with emphasis on experience,pursuit,and practice,and also an action-based program aimed at promoting spontaneous action.This is an optimal competition for participants to acquire skills through mutual communication.As children,adults,and people with disabilities can play together,the competition will promote communication across the generations.
文摘We examined the psychosocial factors affecting middle-aged Japanese women’s intentions to undergo mammography, as well as their actual usage of mammography by applying the Parallel Processing Model (PPM) of self regulation longitudinally. A total of 1030 middle-aged women living in all parts of Japan participated in this study through internet research from September 2010 to May 2011. The participants were evaluated on the basis of a battery of questionnaires mainly including demographics, perceived breast cancer risk, worry about breast cancer, mammography testing beliefs, intentions to use mammography, seeking information about mammography, and actual usage of mammography thrice over an eight-month period. The main results were as follows: 1) Perceived risk and cancer worry affected the intention of undergoing mammography, and this effect was mediated by beliefs about mammography testing. 2) Intention to use mammography and past mammography usage predicted future usage of mammography, with past mammography usage being the strongest predictor. 3) Information seeking about mammography was the strongest predictor of using mammography during the eight-month follow-up period of middle-aged women who had not undergone any mammography testing. PPM was a useful model to explain the mechanism behind middle-aged Japanese women’s intentions to use mammography, as well as their actual usage of mammography. In addition, past mammography experience was the strongest predictor of regular mammography usage and information seeking was a critical factor for the first-usage of mammography.
文摘By applying multiple wavelet coherence (MWC) to data from human body movements in triadic interaction, this study quantified triadic synchrony, rhythmic similarity among three interactants. Thirty-nine Japanese undergraduates were randomly assigned in a triad, and engaged in a brain-storming task. Triadic synchrony was quantified by calculating MWC to the time-series movement data collected by Kinect v2 sensor. The existence of synchrony was statistically tested by using a pseudo-synchrony paradigm. Results showed that the averaged value of MWC was higher in the experimental participant trio than in those of the pseudo trio in the frequency band of 0.5 - 1 Hz. The result supports the possible utility of applying multiple wavelet coherence to evaluate triadic synchrony in a small group interaction.
文摘<strong>Purpose:</strong> This study aims to verify the validity of the contents of the Nurse Administered Depression Scale for Elderly Inpatients16 (NDE16) using the Delphi approach in order to further improve the accuracy of the NDE16, a scale for rating potential depressive states in elderly inpatients through the observations reported by nurses.<strong> Methods:</strong> Participants were nurses working in general wards for longer than 3 years and who expressed consent to the study participation. Data were collected using the Delphi method (3 times). Responses are scored from 1 to 5 (3 - 5 points as positive) using the Likert method. The standard criteria for inclusion in the further evaluation are “mean ≥ 3.0”, “standard deviation < 1.0”, “median ≥ 3.0”, and “IQR ≤ 1.0”. Items that meet all the criteria at the third survey are employed as question items in the final questionnaire. <strong>Results: </strong>The respondents were 139 females, 10 males, and 1 unknown, aged 25 to 65. The collection rates of the three surveys were 75% to 82%. Based on the results of the first survey, wordings of 9 questions were modified. Since Question 13 “Queries are not really responded to.” did not meet the criteria (IQR = 2) at the third survey, we excluded this question and named the revised scale NDE15. <strong>Discussion: </strong>The reason why Question 13 did not meet the criteria could be due to the difficulty in distinguishing “Expressing thought suppression” from the state of cognitive decline in dementia. Further studies are needed to determine cutoff points.
