Based on Chinese soil loss equation （CSLE） model, this paper utilized technical advantages of RS and geographic information system （GIS） on data access and erosion factors database building to study prediction met...Based on Chinese soil loss equation （CSLE） model, this paper utilized technical advantages of RS and geographic information system （GIS） on data access and erosion factors database building to study prediction methods of regional soil erosion. The spatial analysis module of ARCGIS platform was applied to study the spatial distribution of erosion and the inter-relations of the factors influencing regional soil erosion in the research area. As a result, the mean soil erosion modulus of Bin County is 3 555.42 t/（km^2.a）, which suggests moderate degree erosion. The mean soil erosion modulus of clayey meadow soil is higher than those of dark brown soil and black soil. Vegetation factor values are between 0.1-0.2. The mean slope gradient and slope length values are respectively 1.335 and 6.061 which shows slope length is a dominant factor. And soil type, vegetation coverage and topographic factors have remarkable relevance to each other. Therefore, RS, GIS and CSLE are applicable in regional scale to disclose spatial distribution characteristics of soil erosion and to analyze the characteristics of dominant soil erosion factor quantitatively.展开更多
A study on the distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon(SOC)in the alpine meadow in the Eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has been carried out.The results indicate that the content of soil organic carbon(Csoc)i...A study on the distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon(SOC)in the alpine meadow in the Eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has been carried out.The results indicate that the content of soil organic carbon(Csoc)in the topsoil of terrace meadow(TM)((67.16±1.02)g.kg-1 is more than that in the soil of upland meadow(UM)((63.42±0.65)g.kg-1,while the Csoc in upland shrubland(US)((67.49±0.83)g.kg-1 is the most abundant in the scoreh stage(September).From May to September,the Csoc in the topsoil of UM and US tends to descend,but that of TM tends to ascend,As for the distribution of the Csoc and the density of SOC in the soil in the three sample areas,the data show that the deeper the soil,the lesser the content and density of SOC,The Csoc in US is higher than that in TM and UM;the Csoc in UM is the lowest at 0-1 cm soil depth.The density of SOC in US is always the lowest among UM,TM,and US at 0-40 cm depth,which shows that the storage of carbon in UM is more than that in US in the same range;the carbon pool capacity in UM is higher than that in US in the same range.展开更多
This article, by combining field investigation with laboratorial analysis, studies diverse alpine meadow at the Eastern Margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau for the underground biomass dynamics, vertical distribution o...This article, by combining field investigation with laboratorial analysis, studies diverse alpine meadow at the Eastern Margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau for the underground biomass dynamics, vertical distribution of the content of soil carbon and nitrogen, the connection between the biomass and the content of carbon and nitrogen. The studies show that underground biomass in the herb layer of upland meadow is more than that in the terrace meadow, while underground biomass in the upland shrubland is the most. The vertical distribution of underground biomass of each type is obvious as in shape of＂T＂. As to the distribution of the content of soil organic carbon in the three sample grounds, it showed that the deeper the soil the less the content of soil organic carbon. In May, unlike at terrace meadow, the underground biomass and the content of soil organic carbon in positive proportion, such revelation at upland meadow and upland shrubland is not apparent. In July, at upland meadow and terrace meadow the underground biomass and the content of soil total nitrogen in positive proportion, such revelation at upland shrubland is not apparent either.展开更多
The Ten-year Fishing Ban(TFB)in the Yangtze River launched by China in 2019 has aroused global concern and multiple conflicts with related stakeholders.To explore effective strategies for ecological program management...The Ten-year Fishing Ban(TFB)in the Yangtze River launched by China in 2019 has aroused global concern and multiple conflicts with related stakeholders.To explore effective strategies for ecological program management,we conducted a field survey and simulated different scenarios of policy implementation through the three-party game between the central government,local governments,and fishermen.The results show how various policy options influence the sustainability of the fishing ban.(1)Increasing the penalty for the local government so it is greater than their policy enforcement costs or improving the reward to greater than 0.8 times the ecological benefits,can effectively mobilize the local government’s motivation and delay their shift to passive enforcement.(2)Current government assistance has not effectively met the actual needs of fishermen,so improving fund efficiency rather than fund scale can more effectively entice the fishermen to obey the fishing ban.(3)For illegal fishing,increasing the encounter frequency with fishermen has a greater deterrent effect than increasing the punishment severity,while the efficiency of livelihood support programs significantly influences the marginal benefit of punitive measures.When support efficiency improves to a moderate level,combining it with medium-to-high intensity penalties generates an optimal synergistic effect that can markedly accelerate system convergence.Therefore,a more sustainable fishing ban can be achieved by adding flexible penalties and economic rewards for the local government,improving the assistance for meeting the fishermen’s livelihood demands,increasing the frequency of encounters with illegal fishing and diversifying the punishment measures.展开更多
基金the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program)(2007CB407204)
文摘Based on Chinese soil loss equation （CSLE） model, this paper utilized technical advantages of RS and geographic information system （GIS） on data access and erosion factors database building to study prediction methods of regional soil erosion. The spatial analysis module of ARCGIS platform was applied to study the spatial distribution of erosion and the inter-relations of the factors influencing regional soil erosion in the research area. As a result, the mean soil erosion modulus of Bin County is 3 555.42 t/（km^2.a）, which suggests moderate degree erosion. The mean soil erosion modulus of clayey meadow soil is higher than those of dark brown soil and black soil. Vegetation factor values are between 0.1-0.2. The mean slope gradient and slope length values are respectively 1.335 and 6.061 which shows slope length is a dominant factor. And soil type, vegetation coverage and topographic factors have remarkable relevance to each other. Therefore, RS, GIS and CSLE are applicable in regional scale to disclose spatial distribution characteristics of soil erosion and to analyze the characteristics of dominant soil erosion factor quantitatively.
基金Supported by the Key Project of Sichuan Education De-partment(2006A070)
文摘A study on the distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon(SOC)in the alpine meadow in the Eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has been carried out.The results indicate that the content of soil organic carbon(Csoc)in the topsoil of terrace meadow(TM)((67.16±1.02)g.kg-1 is more than that in the soil of upland meadow(UM)((63.42±0.65)g.kg-1,while the Csoc in upland shrubland(US)((67.49±0.83)g.kg-1 is the most abundant in the scoreh stage(September).From May to September,the Csoc in the topsoil of UM and US tends to descend,but that of TM tends to ascend,As for the distribution of the Csoc and the density of SOC in the soil in the three sample areas,the data show that the deeper the soil,the lesser the content and density of SOC,The Csoc in US is higher than that in TM and UM;the Csoc in UM is the lowest at 0-1 cm soil depth.The density of SOC in US is always the lowest among UM,TM,and US at 0-40 cm depth,which shows that the storage of carbon in UM is more than that in US in the same range;the carbon pool capacity in UM is higher than that in US in the same range.
基金the key Item of Sichuan Education Depart-ment (2006A070)
文摘This article, by combining field investigation with laboratorial analysis, studies diverse alpine meadow at the Eastern Margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau for the underground biomass dynamics, vertical distribution of the content of soil carbon and nitrogen, the connection between the biomass and the content of carbon and nitrogen. The studies show that underground biomass in the herb layer of upland meadow is more than that in the terrace meadow, while underground biomass in the upland shrubland is the most. The vertical distribution of underground biomass of each type is obvious as in shape of＂T＂. As to the distribution of the content of soil organic carbon in the three sample grounds, it showed that the deeper the soil the less the content of soil organic carbon. In May, unlike at terrace meadow, the underground biomass and the content of soil organic carbon in positive proportion, such revelation at upland meadow and upland shrubland is not apparent. In July, at upland meadow and terrace meadow the underground biomass and the content of soil total nitrogen in positive proportion, such revelation at upland shrubland is not apparent either.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(42461040)The Social Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province,China(24YJ25)The Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province,China(20224BAB203047)。
文摘The Ten-year Fishing Ban(TFB)in the Yangtze River launched by China in 2019 has aroused global concern and multiple conflicts with related stakeholders.To explore effective strategies for ecological program management,we conducted a field survey and simulated different scenarios of policy implementation through the three-party game between the central government,local governments,and fishermen.The results show how various policy options influence the sustainability of the fishing ban.(1)Increasing the penalty for the local government so it is greater than their policy enforcement costs or improving the reward to greater than 0.8 times the ecological benefits,can effectively mobilize the local government’s motivation and delay their shift to passive enforcement.(2)Current government assistance has not effectively met the actual needs of fishermen,so improving fund efficiency rather than fund scale can more effectively entice the fishermen to obey the fishing ban.(3)For illegal fishing,increasing the encounter frequency with fishermen has a greater deterrent effect than increasing the punishment severity,while the efficiency of livelihood support programs significantly influences the marginal benefit of punitive measures.When support efficiency improves to a moderate level,combining it with medium-to-high intensity penalties generates an optimal synergistic effect that can markedly accelerate system convergence.Therefore,a more sustainable fishing ban can be achieved by adding flexible penalties and economic rewards for the local government,improving the assistance for meeting the fishermen’s livelihood demands,increasing the frequency of encounters with illegal fishing and diversifying the punishment measures.
