The mobile nature of the nodes in a wireless mobile ad-hoc network(MANET) and the error prone link connectivity between nodes pose many challenges. These include frequent route changes, high packet loss, etc. Such pro...The mobile nature of the nodes in a wireless mobile ad-hoc network(MANET) and the error prone link connectivity between nodes pose many challenges. These include frequent route changes, high packet loss, etc. Such problems increase the end-toend delay and decrease the throughput. This paper proposes two adaptive priority packet scheduling algorithms for MANET based on Mamdani and Sugeno fuzzy inference system. The fuzzy systems consist of three input variables: data rate, signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) and queue size. The fuzzy decision system has been optimised to improve its efficiency. Both fuzzy systems were verified using the Matlab fuzzy toolbox and the performance of both algorithms were evaluated using the riverbed modeler(formally known as OPNET modeler). The results were compared to an existing fuzzy scheduler under various network loads, for constant-bit-rate(CBR) and variable-bit-rate(VBR) traffic. The measuring metrics which form the basis for performance evaluation are end-to-end delay, throughput and packet delivery ratio. The proposed Mamdani and Sugeno scheduler perform better than the existing scheduler for CBR traffic. The end-to-end delay for Mamdani and Sugeno scheduler was reduced by an average of 52 % and 54 %, respectively.The performance of the throughput and packet delivery ratio for CBR traffic are very similar to the existing scheduler because of the characteristic of the traffic. The network was also at full capacity. The proposed schedulers also showed a better performance for VBR traffic. The end-to-end delay was reduced by an average of 38 % and 52 %, respectively. Both the throughput and packet delivery ratio(PDR) increased by an average of 53 % and 47 %, respectively. The Mamdani scheduler is more computationally complex than the Sugeno scheduler, even though they both showed similar network performance. Thus, the Sugeno scheduler is more suitable for real-time applications.展开更多
The recent developments in technology have made noteworthy positive impacts on the human-computer interaction （HCI）. It is now possible to interact with computers using voice commands, touchscreen, eye movement, han...The recent developments in technology have made noteworthy positive impacts on the human-computer interaction （HCI）. It is now possible to interact with computers using voice commands, touchscreen, eye movement, hand gesture, etc. This paper compiles some of the innovative HCI progresses in various areas, e.g., specialised input/output devices, virtual or augmented reality, wearable technology, etc. It also identifies some future research directions.展开更多
The UK National Health Service (NHS) is faced with problems of managing patient discharge and preventing the problems that result from it such as frequent readmissions, delayed discharge, long waiting lists, bed block...The UK National Health Service (NHS) is faced with problems of managing patient discharge and preventing the problems that result from it such as frequent readmissions, delayed discharge, long waiting lists, bed blocking and other such consequences. The problem is exacerbated by the growth in size, complexity and the number of chronic diseases in the NHS. In addition, there is an increase in demand for high quality care, processes and planning. Effective Discharge Planning (DP) requires practitioners to have appropriate, patient personalised and updated knowledge in order to be able to make informed and holistic decisions about a patients’ discharge. This paper examines the role of Knowledge Management (KM) in both sharing knowledge and using tacit knowledge to create appropriate patient discharge pathways. The paper details the factors resulting in inadequate DP, and demonstrates the use of Internet of Things (IoT) and Machine2Machine (M2M) as candidate technologies and possible solutions which can help reduce the problem. The use of devices that a patient can take home and devices which are perused in the hospital generate information, which can serve useful when presented to the right person at the right time, thus harvesting knowledge. The knowledge when fed back can support practitioners in making holistic decisions with regards to a patients’ discharge.展开更多
Wildlife trafficking is classified as the fourth largest illegal commerce in the world. Taxonomic identification of wildlife is an ordinary process for forensics experts. The aim of this study was to analyze animal’s...Wildlife trafficking is classified as the fourth largest illegal commerce in the world. Taxonomic identification of wildlife is an ordinary process for forensics experts. The aim of this study was to analyze animal’s hair from Brazilian’s wildlife through microscopic and compare morphology of bristle among species analyzed. Hair samples of nine species were analyzed. Glass slides were analyzed through optical microscopy and following measurements were obtained: total length, medulla diameter, overall diameter and overall ratio diameter of the medulla’s diameter. The images obtained at identification of animals through the morphology of hair and the statistics analysis corroborates in favor for the validation of the technique.展开更多
Soil forensics is most commonly used to test an association between soils at a known location with soils recovered from exhibits recovered from a suspect.This type of comparative analysis is now a routine technique in...Soil forensics is most commonly used to test an association between soils at a known location with soils recovered from exhibits recovered from a suspect.This type of comparative analysis is now a routine technique in many laboratories world-wide.Soils are however,very complex materials made up of natural inorganic,organic and manmade components.The distribution and abundance of these components is generally controlled by a range of predictable factors,such as bedrock geology,surface processes,plant and animal biogeographical distributions and anthropogenic processes.As such,the composition of a soil can be used as a predictive tool to describe the nature of the location where that soil originated.This approach to soil forensics,termed predictive geolocation,has many applications in criminal,environmental and intelligence based investigations.展开更多
The modular multilevel converter(MMC)is expected to be used extensively in high-voltage direct current(HVDC)transmission networks because of its superior characteristics over the line-commutated converter(LCC).A key i...The modular multilevel converter(MMC)is expected to be used extensively in high-voltage direct current(HVDC)transmission networks because of its superior characteristics over the line-commutated converter(LCC).A key issue of concern is balancing sub-module capacitor voltages in the MMCs,which is critical for the correct operation of these converters.The majority of voltage balancing techniques proposed thus far require that the measurement of the capacitor voltages use a reliable measuring system.This can increase the capital cost of the converters.This paper presents a voltage balancing strategy based on capacitor voltage estimation using the adaptive linear neuron(ADALINE)algorithm.The proposed estimation unit requires only three voltage sensors per phase for the arm reactors and the output phase voltages.Measurements of sub-module capacitor voltages and associated communication links with the central controller are not needed.The proposed strategy can be applied to MMC systems that contain a large number of sub-modules.The method uses PSCAD/EMTDC,with particular focus on dynamic performance under a variety of operating conditions.展开更多
文摘The mobile nature of the nodes in a wireless mobile ad-hoc network(MANET) and the error prone link connectivity between nodes pose many challenges. These include frequent route changes, high packet loss, etc. Such problems increase the end-toend delay and decrease the throughput. This paper proposes two adaptive priority packet scheduling algorithms for MANET based on Mamdani and Sugeno fuzzy inference system. The fuzzy systems consist of three input variables: data rate, signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) and queue size. The fuzzy decision system has been optimised to improve its efficiency. Both fuzzy systems were verified using the Matlab fuzzy toolbox and the performance of both algorithms were evaluated using the riverbed modeler(formally known as OPNET modeler). The results were compared to an existing fuzzy scheduler under various network loads, for constant-bit-rate(CBR) and variable-bit-rate(VBR) traffic. The measuring metrics which form the basis for performance evaluation are end-to-end delay, throughput and packet delivery ratio. The proposed Mamdani and Sugeno scheduler perform better than the existing scheduler for CBR traffic. The end-to-end delay for Mamdani and Sugeno scheduler was reduced by an average of 52 % and 54 %, respectively.The performance of the throughput and packet delivery ratio for CBR traffic are very similar to the existing scheduler because of the characteristic of the traffic. The network was also at full capacity. The proposed schedulers also showed a better performance for VBR traffic. The end-to-end delay was reduced by an average of 38 % and 52 %, respectively. Both the throughput and packet delivery ratio(PDR) increased by an average of 53 % and 47 %, respectively. The Mamdani scheduler is more computationally complex than the Sugeno scheduler, even though they both showed similar network performance. Thus, the Sugeno scheduler is more suitable for real-time applications.
文摘The recent developments in technology have made noteworthy positive impacts on the human-computer interaction （HCI）. It is now possible to interact with computers using voice commands, touchscreen, eye movement, hand gesture, etc. This paper compiles some of the innovative HCI progresses in various areas, e.g., specialised input/output devices, virtual or augmented reality, wearable technology, etc. It also identifies some future research directions.
文摘The UK National Health Service (NHS) is faced with problems of managing patient discharge and preventing the problems that result from it such as frequent readmissions, delayed discharge, long waiting lists, bed blocking and other such consequences. The problem is exacerbated by the growth in size, complexity and the number of chronic diseases in the NHS. In addition, there is an increase in demand for high quality care, processes and planning. Effective Discharge Planning (DP) requires practitioners to have appropriate, patient personalised and updated knowledge in order to be able to make informed and holistic decisions about a patients’ discharge. This paper examines the role of Knowledge Management (KM) in both sharing knowledge and using tacit knowledge to create appropriate patient discharge pathways. The paper details the factors resulting in inadequate DP, and demonstrates the use of Internet of Things (IoT) and Machine2Machine (M2M) as candidate technologies and possible solutions which can help reduce the problem. The use of devices that a patient can take home and devices which are perused in the hospital generate information, which can serve useful when presented to the right person at the right time, thus harvesting knowledge. The knowledge when fed back can support practitioners in making holistic decisions with regards to a patients’ discharge.
基金Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel(CAPES)-Pro Forenses 25/2014 Process 23038.006841/2014-11.
文摘Wildlife trafficking is classified as the fourth largest illegal commerce in the world. Taxonomic identification of wildlife is an ordinary process for forensics experts. The aim of this study was to analyze animal’s hair from Brazilian’s wildlife through microscopic and compare morphology of bristle among species analyzed. Hair samples of nine species were analyzed. Glass slides were analyzed through optical microscopy and following measurements were obtained: total length, medulla diameter, overall diameter and overall ratio diameter of the medulla’s diameter. The images obtained at identification of animals through the morphology of hair and the statistics analysis corroborates in favor for the validation of the technique.
文摘Soil forensics is most commonly used to test an association between soils at a known location with soils recovered from exhibits recovered from a suspect.This type of comparative analysis is now a routine technique in many laboratories world-wide.Soils are however,very complex materials made up of natural inorganic,organic and manmade components.The distribution and abundance of these components is generally controlled by a range of predictable factors,such as bedrock geology,surface processes,plant and animal biogeographical distributions and anthropogenic processes.As such,the composition of a soil can be used as a predictive tool to describe the nature of the location where that soil originated.This approach to soil forensics,termed predictive geolocation,has many applications in criminal,environmental and intelligence based investigations.
文摘The modular multilevel converter(MMC)is expected to be used extensively in high-voltage direct current(HVDC)transmission networks because of its superior characteristics over the line-commutated converter(LCC).A key issue of concern is balancing sub-module capacitor voltages in the MMCs,which is critical for the correct operation of these converters.The majority of voltage balancing techniques proposed thus far require that the measurement of the capacitor voltages use a reliable measuring system.This can increase the capital cost of the converters.This paper presents a voltage balancing strategy based on capacitor voltage estimation using the adaptive linear neuron(ADALINE)algorithm.The proposed estimation unit requires only three voltage sensors per phase for the arm reactors and the output phase voltages.Measurements of sub-module capacitor voltages and associated communication links with the central controller are not needed.The proposed strategy can be applied to MMC systems that contain a large number of sub-modules.The method uses PSCAD/EMTDC,with particular focus on dynamic performance under a variety of operating conditions.
