The effects of previous cowpea （Vignaunguiculata） and annual fallow on N recoveries, succeeding sorghum yields and soil properties were studied using a 5-year-old （1995-1999） field experiment at Kouar6 （11°5...The effects of previous cowpea （Vignaunguiculata） and annual fallow on N recoveries, succeeding sorghum yields and soil properties were studied using a 5-year-old （1995-1999） field experiment at Kouar6 （11°59′ North, 0°19′ West and 850 m altitude） in Burkina Faso. A 3 4 factorial design in a split plot arrangement with three rotation treatments and four fertilizer treatments was used. Total N uptake by succeeding sorghum increased from 26 kg N ha~ in mono cropping of sorghum to 31 and 48 kg N ha~ when sorghum was rotated with fallow or cowpea respectively. Nitrogen derived from fertilizer increased from 10% in mono cropping of sorghum to 22% and 26% when sorghum was rotated with fallow or cowpea respectively. While fallow did not increase N derived from soil, cowpea doubled the quantity of N derived from soil （Ndfs）. Sorghum grain yields increased from 75% and 100% when sorghum was rotated with fallow or cowpea respectively. All rotations treatments decreased soil organic C and N but soil organic C was the highest in fallow-sorghum rotation. It was concluded that cowpea-sorghum rotation was more effective than fallow-sorghum rotation and five management options were suggested to improve traditional system productivity.展开更多
Air pollution is today a real concern across the world, responsible for around 7 million deaths per year around the world. It is currently involved in the appearance and worsening of several non-transmissible patholog...Air pollution is today a real concern across the world, responsible for around 7 million deaths per year around the world. It is currently involved in the appearance and worsening of several non-transmissible pathologies, making it an environmental, health, and societal problem. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of short-term exposure to air pollution on the level of sex hormones in mechanics. We conducted a cross-sectional, analytical, prospective case-control study in Brazzaville on 228 patients (76 cases and 152 controls) from June 2020 to December 2022, a period of 30 months. This study made it possible to evaluate, on the one hand, the level of sexual hormones in men exposed to automobile pollution according to the automated method (ELFA) on mini vidas and, on the other hand, the quality of the air by a colorimetric, punctual method on a Dräger tube coupled with a Dräger accuro pump. The results obtained made it possible to establish a statistically significant link between automobile pollutants (CO, CO<sub>2</sub>, NO<sub>2</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>) and the increase in LH and FSH on the one hand and the decrease in testosterone on the other hand. We also noted that the concentrations of automotive pollutants during this study were all above the standards required by the WHO. Exposure to automobile pollutants affects the hypothalamic-pituitary axis and therefore disrupts the level of sex hormones.展开更多
Introduction: Benign nasosinus tumors (BNST) of epithelial origin are relatively rare and arise from the various lining tissues of the nasal and sinus cavities, and from glands developed from these epithelial invagina...Introduction: Benign nasosinus tumors (BNST) of epithelial origin are relatively rare and arise from the various lining tissues of the nasal and sinus cavities, and from glands developed from these epithelial invaginations. These include nasosinusal polyps, pleiomorphic adenoma and inverted papilloma. The aim of our study was to investigate the epidemiological, clinical, morphological, therapeutic, and evolutionary particularities of these three clinical entities, including two tumors with the potential for progressive malignancy (pleiomorphic adenoma and inverted papilloma) and one strictly benign tumor with a favorable evolution (nasosinus polyp or Schneider polyp). Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective, analytical, cross-sectional study conducted from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2019 (13 years), in the Department of Otolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery at Adolphe SICE Hospital, Pointe-Noire, Congo-Brazzaville. Results: During the study period, 74 patients were registered for a nasosinus tumor, of which 23 were benign tumors of epithelial origin (31%) distributed as follows: 15 cases of nasosinus polyp, 5 cases of pleomorphic adenoma and 3 cases of inverted papilloma. The mean age was 42.5 for polyps, with an estimated median of 38, and 42.9 for the other two entities (pleomorphic adenoma and inverted papilloma), with an estimated median of 41. Nasosinus allergy accounted for 17% of cases, followed by chronic sinusitis (12%);however, in 49% of cases, the patient’s history was not specified. There was no sexual predominance, the sex ratio being 1.08. Occupation, socio-economic level, and education had no impact on the development of these tumors. Most of our patients (52%, 12 cases) had a consultation delay of more than one (1) year, whatever the histological nature of the tumor. The complete nasosinus syndrome (NSS) included nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, epistaxis, and anosmia, and was found in 19 cases (83%), most often reflecting a nasosinus polyp. CT scans were performed in all patients, with hyperdense images predominating in 22 cases. Management of benign nasosinus tumors was mainly surgical. Postoperative management was straightforward in 15 cases (65%). Conclusion: Benign nasosinus tumors are dominated by nasosinus polyps. Management of these tumors is essentially surgical, with the best clinical outcome.展开更多
文摘The effects of previous cowpea （Vignaunguiculata） and annual fallow on N recoveries, succeeding sorghum yields and soil properties were studied using a 5-year-old （1995-1999） field experiment at Kouar6 （11°59′ North, 0°19′ West and 850 m altitude） in Burkina Faso. A 3 4 factorial design in a split plot arrangement with three rotation treatments and four fertilizer treatments was used. Total N uptake by succeeding sorghum increased from 26 kg N ha~ in mono cropping of sorghum to 31 and 48 kg N ha~ when sorghum was rotated with fallow or cowpea respectively. Nitrogen derived from fertilizer increased from 10% in mono cropping of sorghum to 22% and 26% when sorghum was rotated with fallow or cowpea respectively. While fallow did not increase N derived from soil, cowpea doubled the quantity of N derived from soil （Ndfs）. Sorghum grain yields increased from 75% and 100% when sorghum was rotated with fallow or cowpea respectively. All rotations treatments decreased soil organic C and N but soil organic C was the highest in fallow-sorghum rotation. It was concluded that cowpea-sorghum rotation was more effective than fallow-sorghum rotation and five management options were suggested to improve traditional system productivity.
文摘Air pollution is today a real concern across the world, responsible for around 7 million deaths per year around the world. It is currently involved in the appearance and worsening of several non-transmissible pathologies, making it an environmental, health, and societal problem. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of short-term exposure to air pollution on the level of sex hormones in mechanics. We conducted a cross-sectional, analytical, prospective case-control study in Brazzaville on 228 patients (76 cases and 152 controls) from June 2020 to December 2022, a period of 30 months. This study made it possible to evaluate, on the one hand, the level of sexual hormones in men exposed to automobile pollution according to the automated method (ELFA) on mini vidas and, on the other hand, the quality of the air by a colorimetric, punctual method on a Dräger tube coupled with a Dräger accuro pump. The results obtained made it possible to establish a statistically significant link between automobile pollutants (CO, CO<sub>2</sub>, NO<sub>2</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>) and the increase in LH and FSH on the one hand and the decrease in testosterone on the other hand. We also noted that the concentrations of automotive pollutants during this study were all above the standards required by the WHO. Exposure to automobile pollutants affects the hypothalamic-pituitary axis and therefore disrupts the level of sex hormones.
文摘Introduction: Benign nasosinus tumors (BNST) of epithelial origin are relatively rare and arise from the various lining tissues of the nasal and sinus cavities, and from glands developed from these epithelial invaginations. These include nasosinusal polyps, pleiomorphic adenoma and inverted papilloma. The aim of our study was to investigate the epidemiological, clinical, morphological, therapeutic, and evolutionary particularities of these three clinical entities, including two tumors with the potential for progressive malignancy (pleiomorphic adenoma and inverted papilloma) and one strictly benign tumor with a favorable evolution (nasosinus polyp or Schneider polyp). Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective, analytical, cross-sectional study conducted from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2019 (13 years), in the Department of Otolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery at Adolphe SICE Hospital, Pointe-Noire, Congo-Brazzaville. Results: During the study period, 74 patients were registered for a nasosinus tumor, of which 23 were benign tumors of epithelial origin (31%) distributed as follows: 15 cases of nasosinus polyp, 5 cases of pleomorphic adenoma and 3 cases of inverted papilloma. The mean age was 42.5 for polyps, with an estimated median of 38, and 42.9 for the other two entities (pleomorphic adenoma and inverted papilloma), with an estimated median of 41. Nasosinus allergy accounted for 17% of cases, followed by chronic sinusitis (12%);however, in 49% of cases, the patient’s history was not specified. There was no sexual predominance, the sex ratio being 1.08. Occupation, socio-economic level, and education had no impact on the development of these tumors. Most of our patients (52%, 12 cases) had a consultation delay of more than one (1) year, whatever the histological nature of the tumor. The complete nasosinus syndrome (NSS) included nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, epistaxis, and anosmia, and was found in 19 cases (83%), most often reflecting a nasosinus polyp. CT scans were performed in all patients, with hyperdense images predominating in 22 cases. Management of benign nasosinus tumors was mainly surgical. Postoperative management was straightforward in 15 cases (65%). Conclusion: Benign nasosinus tumors are dominated by nasosinus polyps. Management of these tumors is essentially surgical, with the best clinical outcome.
