A stratified random sampling approach was employed to quantify total biomass across prevalent non-commercial forest understory species found in six counties of northwest Florida, USA. The moisture content （wet basis...A stratified random sampling approach was employed to quantify total biomass across prevalent non-commercial forest understory species found in six counties of northwest Florida, USA. The moisture content （wet basis） and calorific values of these species were also measured. Total green biomass from forest understory species was estimated to be around 12 million metric tons, mostly comprised of Cliftonia monophylla （titi, buckwheat tree） and Cyrilla racemiflora （white titi, swamp titi）. This understory forest biomass would be sufficient to generate about 28.8 million GJ of electricity or 1589.25 million liters of ethanol. A need was identified to determine the inventory of forest understory biomass at the state level and assess the overall sustainability of utilizing forest understory biomass for bioenergy.展开更多
Nail joints are one of the key components that control the lateral performance of light wood frame shear walls.In previous experimental studies,researchers have used different loading rates,which failed specimens from...Nail joints are one of the key components that control the lateral performance of light wood frame shear walls.In previous experimental studies,researchers have used different loading rates,which failed specimens from less than a minute to more than an hour,to study the characteristics of nail joints.Moreover,there have been different loading protocols used for testing of timber nail joints or shear walls.Although some efforts have been made to address this subject,it is still unclear how the loading protocol and loading rate may influence the performance of nail joints.In this study,a total of 96 nail joints tests were carried out under monotonic and reversed-cyclic loads at three different loading rates,and under three different loading protocols(ISO,CUREE and SPD).The results of the test revealed that the loading rate did not have a noticeable effect on the mechanical properties of nail joints,while the loading protocol did influence those properties.Especially,protocols with larger cumulative damage demands lead to lower ultimate displacement and ductility of nail joints.展开更多
To contribute to the reduction of methane emissions,using low-cost biochar as adsorbents for capturing and storing methane in oil and gas fields is investigated.This work presents results of methane adsorption on four...To contribute to the reduction of methane emissions,using low-cost biochar as adsorbents for capturing and storing methane in oil and gas fields is investigated.This work presents results of methane adsorption on four biochars made from forestry wastes in comparison with the results of three commercial activated carbons.Although the adsorption capacity of the biochars is lower by over 50%than that of the activated carbons,thelow-cost and potential environmental benefits provide the incentive to the investigation.Moreover,it is shown that biochar can store more methane than vessels of compressed gas up to the pressure of 75 bar,suggesting the possibility of avoiding high-pressure gas compression and heavy vessels for cost savings in oil and gas fields.The thermodynamic and kinetic behaviors of the adsorption are studied and implications for the targeted application are discussed.展开更多
文摘A stratified random sampling approach was employed to quantify total biomass across prevalent non-commercial forest understory species found in six counties of northwest Florida, USA. The moisture content （wet basis） and calorific values of these species were also measured. Total green biomass from forest understory species was estimated to be around 12 million metric tons, mostly comprised of Cliftonia monophylla （titi, buckwheat tree） and Cyrilla racemiflora （white titi, swamp titi）. This understory forest biomass would be sufficient to generate about 28.8 million GJ of electricity or 1589.25 million liters of ethanol. A need was identified to determine the inventory of forest understory biomass at the state level and assess the overall sustainability of utilizing forest understory biomass for bioenergy.
基金the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada,Discovery Grants RGPIN-2018-05104,LZ,https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/index_eng.asp.
文摘Nail joints are one of the key components that control the lateral performance of light wood frame shear walls.In previous experimental studies,researchers have used different loading rates,which failed specimens from less than a minute to more than an hour,to study the characteristics of nail joints.Moreover,there have been different loading protocols used for testing of timber nail joints or shear walls.Although some efforts have been made to address this subject,it is still unclear how the loading protocol and loading rate may influence the performance of nail joints.In this study,a total of 96 nail joints tests were carried out under monotonic and reversed-cyclic loads at three different loading rates,and under three different loading protocols(ISO,CUREE and SPD).The results of the test revealed that the loading rate did not have a noticeable effect on the mechanical properties of nail joints,while the loading protocol did influence those properties.Especially,protocols with larger cumulative damage demands lead to lower ultimate displacement and ductility of nail joints.
基金Program of Energy Research Development of Canada.
文摘To contribute to the reduction of methane emissions,using low-cost biochar as adsorbents for capturing and storing methane in oil and gas fields is investigated.This work presents results of methane adsorption on four biochars made from forestry wastes in comparison with the results of three commercial activated carbons.Although the adsorption capacity of the biochars is lower by over 50%than that of the activated carbons,thelow-cost and potential environmental benefits provide the incentive to the investigation.Moreover,it is shown that biochar can store more methane than vessels of compressed gas up to the pressure of 75 bar,suggesting the possibility of avoiding high-pressure gas compression and heavy vessels for cost savings in oil and gas fields.The thermodynamic and kinetic behaviors of the adsorption are studied and implications for the targeted application are discussed.
