A computational study has been conducted to analyze the performance of a centrifugal compressor under various levels of impeller-diffuser interactions. The study has been conducted using a low solidity vaned diffuser ...A computational study has been conducted to analyze the performance of a centrifugal compressor under various levels of impeller-diffuser interactions. The study has been conducted using a low solidity vaned diffuser (LSVD), a conventional vaned diffuser (VD) and a vaneless diffuser (VLD). The study is carried out using Reynolds-Averaged Navier- Stokes simulations. A commercial software ANSYS CFX is used for this purpose. The extent of diffuser influence on impeller flow is studied by keeping the diffuser vane leading edge at three different radial locations. Detailed flow analysis inside the impeller passage shows that the strength and location of the wake region at the exit of impeller blade is heavily depended upon the tip leakage flow and the pressure equalization flow. Above design flow rate, the diffuser vane affects only the last twenty percent of the impeller flow. However, below design flow rate, keeping vane closer to the impeller can cause an early stall within the impeller. Small negative incidence angle at the diffuser vane is helpful in order to reduce the losses at the impeller exit.展开更多
A gas liquid centrifugal separator is widely used in industry on account of its simple geometry and little maintenance. These separators have considerable advantages over filters, scrubbers or precipitators in term of...A gas liquid centrifugal separator is widely used in industry on account of its simple geometry and little maintenance. These separators have considerable advantages over filters, scrubbers or precipitators in term of compact design, lower pressure drop and higher capacity. A gas liquid centrifugal separator is a device that utilizes centrifugal forces and low pressure caused by rotational motion to separate liquid from gas by density differences. Efficient and reliable separation is required for the optimum operation. These separators are often operated at less than peak efficiency due to the entrainment of separated liquid through an outlet pipe which is closely associated with the very complicated flow phenomena involved. Design parameters such as length of the separation space, vane exit angle, inlet to outlet diameter ratio, models for separation efficiency and pressure drop as a function of physical dimensions are not available in literature. This leaves the designer with very little to go on except known designs and experimentation. The aim of present study is to perform a parametric study to get higher efficiency for gas-liquid separator. A parametric study has been carded out with the help of CFD tools to analyze a separation performance of a centrifugal separator by varying the length of separator space. The best design parameters are analyzed based upon obtained results, tangential velocities, vortices, total pressure losses. From the present study several attempts are made to improve the performance of conventional centrifugal separators.展开更多
Evaporative cooling is a widely used air cooling technique. In this method, evaporation of a liquid in the surrounding air cools the air in contact with it. In the current investigation, numerical simulations are card...Evaporative cooling is a widely used air cooling technique. In this method, evaporation of a liquid in the surrounding air cools the air in contact with it. In the current investigation, numerical simulations are carded out to visualize the evaporation and dynamics of tiny water droplets of different diameters in a long air duct. The effect of initial droplet size on the temperature and relative humidity distribution of the air stream in the duct is investigated. Three different initial conditions of air are considered to verify the influence of ambient conditions. Droplet spray patterns are also analyzed to identify the suitable locations for the spray nozzles within the duct. The resuits obtained are displayed in a series of plots to provide a clear understanding of the evaporative cooling process as well as the droplet dynamics within the ducts.展开更多
Theoretical and numerical analysis on the fluid flow and heat transfer inside a LNG evaporator is conducted in this work. Methane is used instead of LNG as the operating fluid. This is because; methane constitutes ove...Theoretical and numerical analysis on the fluid flow and heat transfer inside a LNG evaporator is conducted in this work. Methane is used instead of LNG as the operating fluid. This is because; methane constitutes over 80% of natural gas. The analytical calculations are performed using simple mass and energy balance equations. The analytical calculations are made to assess the pressure and temperature variations in the steam tube. Multiphase numerical simulations are performed by solving the governing equations(basic flow equations of continuity, momentum and energy equations) in a portion of the evaporator domain consisting of a single steam pipe. The flow equations are solved along with equations of species transport. Multiphase modeling is incorporated using VOF method. Liquid methane is the primary phase. It vaporizes into the secondary phase gaseous methane. Steam is another secondary phase which flows through the heating coils. Turbulence is modeled by a two equation turbulence model. Both the theoretical and numerical predictions are seen to match well with each other. Further parametric studies are planned based on the current research.展开更多
Large-capacity compressors in industrial plants and the compressors in gas turbine engines consume a considerable amount of power. The compression work is a strong fimction of the ambient air temperature. This increas...Large-capacity compressors in industrial plants and the compressors in gas turbine engines consume a considerable amount of power. The compression work is a strong fimction of the ambient air temperature. This increase in compression work presents a significant problem to utilities, generators and power producers when electric demands are high during the hot months. In many petrochemical process industries and gas turbine engines, the in- crease in compression work curtails plant output, demanding more electric power to drive the system. One way to counter this problem is to directly cool the inlet air. Inlet fogging is a popular means of cooling the inlet air to air compressors. In the present study, experiments have been performed to investigate the suitability of two-fluid nozzle for inlet fogging. Compressed air is used as the driving working gas for two-fluid nozzle and water at am- bient conditions is dragged into the high-speed air jet, thus enabling the entrained water to be atomized in a very short distance from the exit of the two-fluid nozzle. The air supply pressure is varied between 2.0 and 5.0 bar and the water flow rate entrained is measured. The flow visualization and temperature and relative humidity measurements are carried out to specify the fogging characteristics of the two-fluid nozzle.展开更多
文摘A computational study has been conducted to analyze the performance of a centrifugal compressor under various levels of impeller-diffuser interactions. The study has been conducted using a low solidity vaned diffuser (LSVD), a conventional vaned diffuser (VD) and a vaneless diffuser (VLD). The study is carried out using Reynolds-Averaged Navier- Stokes simulations. A commercial software ANSYS CFX is used for this purpose. The extent of diffuser influence on impeller flow is studied by keeping the diffuser vane leading edge at three different radial locations. Detailed flow analysis inside the impeller passage shows that the strength and location of the wake region at the exit of impeller blade is heavily depended upon the tip leakage flow and the pressure equalization flow. Above design flow rate, the diffuser vane affects only the last twenty percent of the impeller flow. However, below design flow rate, keeping vane closer to the impeller can cause an early stall within the impeller. Small negative incidence angle at the diffuser vane is helpful in order to reduce the losses at the impeller exit.
文摘A gas liquid centrifugal separator is widely used in industry on account of its simple geometry and little maintenance. These separators have considerable advantages over filters, scrubbers or precipitators in term of compact design, lower pressure drop and higher capacity. A gas liquid centrifugal separator is a device that utilizes centrifugal forces and low pressure caused by rotational motion to separate liquid from gas by density differences. Efficient and reliable separation is required for the optimum operation. These separators are often operated at less than peak efficiency due to the entrainment of separated liquid through an outlet pipe which is closely associated with the very complicated flow phenomena involved. Design parameters such as length of the separation space, vane exit angle, inlet to outlet diameter ratio, models for separation efficiency and pressure drop as a function of physical dimensions are not available in literature. This leaves the designer with very little to go on except known designs and experimentation. The aim of present study is to perform a parametric study to get higher efficiency for gas-liquid separator. A parametric study has been carded out with the help of CFD tools to analyze a separation performance of a centrifugal separator by varying the length of separator space. The best design parameters are analyzed based upon obtained results, tangential velocities, vortices, total pressure losses. From the present study several attempts are made to improve the performance of conventional centrifugal separators.
基金supported by the Ministry of Education, Science Technology (MEST) and Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology (KIAT) through the Human Resource Training Project for Regional Innovation
文摘Evaporative cooling is a widely used air cooling technique. In this method, evaporation of a liquid in the surrounding air cools the air in contact with it. In the current investigation, numerical simulations are carded out to visualize the evaporation and dynamics of tiny water droplets of different diameters in a long air duct. The effect of initial droplet size on the temperature and relative humidity distribution of the air stream in the duct is investigated. Three different initial conditions of air are considered to verify the influence of ambient conditions. Droplet spray patterns are also analyzed to identify the suitable locations for the spray nozzles within the duct. The resuits obtained are displayed in a series of plots to provide a clear understanding of the evaporative cooling process as well as the droplet dynamics within the ducts.
基金supported by a grant from 2016 Research Funds of Andong National University
文摘Theoretical and numerical analysis on the fluid flow and heat transfer inside a LNG evaporator is conducted in this work. Methane is used instead of LNG as the operating fluid. This is because; methane constitutes over 80% of natural gas. The analytical calculations are performed using simple mass and energy balance equations. The analytical calculations are made to assess the pressure and temperature variations in the steam tube. Multiphase numerical simulations are performed by solving the governing equations(basic flow equations of continuity, momentum and energy equations) in a portion of the evaporator domain consisting of a single steam pipe. The flow equations are solved along with equations of species transport. Multiphase modeling is incorporated using VOF method. Liquid methane is the primary phase. It vaporizes into the secondary phase gaseous methane. Steam is another secondary phase which flows through the heating coils. Turbulence is modeled by a two equation turbulence model. Both the theoretical and numerical predictions are seen to match well with each other. Further parametric studies are planned based on the current research.
基金supported by the Ministry of Education,Science Technology (MEST) and Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology (KIAT) through the Human Resource Training Project for Regional Innovation
文摘Large-capacity compressors in industrial plants and the compressors in gas turbine engines consume a considerable amount of power. The compression work is a strong fimction of the ambient air temperature. This increase in compression work presents a significant problem to utilities, generators and power producers when electric demands are high during the hot months. In many petrochemical process industries and gas turbine engines, the in- crease in compression work curtails plant output, demanding more electric power to drive the system. One way to counter this problem is to directly cool the inlet air. Inlet fogging is a popular means of cooling the inlet air to air compressors. In the present study, experiments have been performed to investigate the suitability of two-fluid nozzle for inlet fogging. Compressed air is used as the driving working gas for two-fluid nozzle and water at am- bient conditions is dragged into the high-speed air jet, thus enabling the entrained water to be atomized in a very short distance from the exit of the two-fluid nozzle. The air supply pressure is varied between 2.0 and 5.0 bar and the water flow rate entrained is measured. The flow visualization and temperature and relative humidity measurements are carried out to specify the fogging characteristics of the two-fluid nozzle.
