<strong>Introduction</strong>:<span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Naturally based treatments for osteoporosis are...<strong>Introduction</strong>:<span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Naturally based treatments for osteoporosis are currently limited. The purpose of this investigation was to ascertain whether bovine colostrum supplementation can improve bone health in humans. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> In tot</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">al 63 individuals volunteered in a 4-month supplementation project. They were stratified into three groups: </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) healthy post-menopausal women (n = 24)</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">;</span></span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) individuals with osteopenia (n = 25)</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">;</span></span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) people with osteoporosis (n = 14). Participants of each group were randomly assigned into two experimental sub-groups: </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">a</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) the bovine colostrum (BC) supplementation (200</span></span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mL/day;5 days/week)</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">;</span></span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">b</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) the placebo sub-group. Before and after the 4-month supplementation, blood samples were obtained and bone mineral density (BMD) was measured. Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) was performed on three different anatomical sites: lumbar spine (LS), left femur neck (FN), and left forearm (Arm). Bone health markers </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP), osteocalcin, C-terminal telopeptide (CTX-I), deoxypyridinoline (DPD)</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">)</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> as well as immunological markers </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">interleukin 6 (IL6) and immunoglobulin E (IgE)</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">)</span></span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, were assessed in blood serum with enzyme immunoassays, at baseline and</span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 4-months after BC supplementation. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> No significant </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">changes were found in bone densitometry factors (p > 0.05), for all studied blood parameters and their calculated effect sizes. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusions:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> It is concluded that, as studied herein, BC does not seem to affect human bone health. This pilot study though warrant the need for further research into the efficacy of BC in patients with osteoporosis.展开更多
We previously developed the FAME Lab PHS software(PHSFL),a free offline software to calculate the predicted heat strain for a group of individuals based on the ISO 7933.The objectives of this study were to:upgrade the...We previously developed the FAME Lab PHS software(PHSFL),a free offline software to calculate the predicted heat strain for a group of individuals based on the ISO 7933.The objectives of this study were to:upgrade thePHSFL from an offline(desktop-version)tool to a web-based platform,as well as assess its validity in recreational athletes in different forms of exercise and across various temperature recording methodologies and environmental conditions.The webPHSFL was developed as browser-based software developed using HTML,CSS,and JavaScript,and included several updates from the previous offline version.Its validity was assessed in 83 healthy non-smoking males and females during rest,exercise,and post-exercise recovery in 165 trials(cycling:97;running:68).Trials were performed in an environmental chamber under varying environmental conditions:19.1 to 40.6℃ air temperature,30.0%to 60.0%relative humidity,0.1 to 0.5 m/s wind speed,and 0 or 800 W/m^(2) solar radiation.Comparison of actual vs.predicted core body temperature showed 0.85 Willmott’s Index of Agreement,0.76(P<0.001)correlation coefficient,and 95%limits of agreement of 0.16±0.83℃(mean differ-ence±95%limits).Results for rectal temperature showed 0.79 Willmott’s Index of Agreement,0.68(P<0.001)correlation coefficient,and 95%limits of agreement of 0.18±0.76℃.Results for skin temperature showed 0.77 Willmott’s Index of Agreement,0.75(P<0.001)correlation coefficient,and 95%limits of agreement of-0.24±2.28℃.We conclude that the webPHSFL provides acceptably accurate predictions of core body temperature and skin temperature to be used as indicators of physiological heat strain.展开更多
文摘<strong>Introduction</strong>:<span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Naturally based treatments for osteoporosis are currently limited. The purpose of this investigation was to ascertain whether bovine colostrum supplementation can improve bone health in humans. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> In tot</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">al 63 individuals volunteered in a 4-month supplementation project. They were stratified into three groups: </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) healthy post-menopausal women (n = 24)</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">;</span></span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) individuals with osteopenia (n = 25)</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">;</span></span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) people with osteoporosis (n = 14). Participants of each group were randomly assigned into two experimental sub-groups: </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">a</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) the bovine colostrum (BC) supplementation (200</span></span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mL/day;5 days/week)</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">;</span></span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">b</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) the placebo sub-group. Before and after the 4-month supplementation, blood samples were obtained and bone mineral density (BMD) was measured. Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) was performed on three different anatomical sites: lumbar spine (LS), left femur neck (FN), and left forearm (Arm). Bone health markers </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP), osteocalcin, C-terminal telopeptide (CTX-I), deoxypyridinoline (DPD)</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">)</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> as well as immunological markers </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">interleukin 6 (IL6) and immunoglobulin E (IgE)</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">)</span></span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, were assessed in blood serum with enzyme immunoassays, at baseline and</span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 4-months after BC supplementation. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> No significant </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">changes were found in bone densitometry factors (p > 0.05), for all studied blood parameters and their calculated effect sizes. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusions:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> It is concluded that, as studied herein, BC does not seem to affect human bone health. This pilot study though warrant the need for further research into the efficacy of BC in patients with osteoporosis.
文摘We previously developed the FAME Lab PHS software(PHSFL),a free offline software to calculate the predicted heat strain for a group of individuals based on the ISO 7933.The objectives of this study were to:upgrade thePHSFL from an offline(desktop-version)tool to a web-based platform,as well as assess its validity in recreational athletes in different forms of exercise and across various temperature recording methodologies and environmental conditions.The webPHSFL was developed as browser-based software developed using HTML,CSS,and JavaScript,and included several updates from the previous offline version.Its validity was assessed in 83 healthy non-smoking males and females during rest,exercise,and post-exercise recovery in 165 trials(cycling:97;running:68).Trials were performed in an environmental chamber under varying environmental conditions:19.1 to 40.6℃ air temperature,30.0%to 60.0%relative humidity,0.1 to 0.5 m/s wind speed,and 0 or 800 W/m^(2) solar radiation.Comparison of actual vs.predicted core body temperature showed 0.85 Willmott’s Index of Agreement,0.76(P<0.001)correlation coefficient,and 95%limits of agreement of 0.16±0.83℃(mean differ-ence±95%limits).Results for rectal temperature showed 0.79 Willmott’s Index of Agreement,0.68(P<0.001)correlation coefficient,and 95%limits of agreement of 0.18±0.76℃.Results for skin temperature showed 0.77 Willmott’s Index of Agreement,0.75(P<0.001)correlation coefficient,and 95%limits of agreement of-0.24±2.28℃.We conclude that the webPHSFL provides acceptably accurate predictions of core body temperature and skin temperature to be used as indicators of physiological heat strain.
