Under solvothermal conditions,1,4‑naphthalenedicarboxylic acid(H_(2)ndc)and 9,9′‑dihexyl‑2,7‑di(pyridin‑4‑yl)fluorene(hfdp)reacted with Co^(2+)ions and Cd^(2+)ions to form two coordination polymers,[Co(hfdp)(ndc)(H2O...Under solvothermal conditions,1,4‑naphthalenedicarboxylic acid(H_(2)ndc)and 9,9′‑dihexyl‑2,7‑di(pyridin‑4‑yl)fluorene(hfdp)reacted with Co^(2+)ions and Cd^(2+)ions to form two coordination polymers,[Co(hfdp)(ndc)(H2O)]·DMA}n(1)and{[Cd(hfdp)(ndc)(H_(2)O)]·DMA}_(n)(2),respectively(DMA=N,N‑dimethylacetamide).Single‑crystal X‑ray diffraction analyses showed that both complexes 1 and 2 contain similar structures.Topological analysis indicates that complexes 1 and 2 have a{44·62}planar structure.In addition,both complexes reveal good thermal stability and fluorescence sensing performance.They exhibited good sensitivity and selectivity towards 2,4,6‑trinitrophenol(TNP)by fluorescent quenching.The limits of detection of 1 and 2 for TNP were 0.107 and 0.327μmol·L^(-1),respectively.CCDC:2475515,1;2475516,2.展开更多
Background:Wenqing Yin(WQY)is a classic prescription used to treat skin diseases like atopic dermatitis(AD)in China,and the aim of this study is to investigate the therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms of WQY o...Background:Wenqing Yin(WQY)is a classic prescription used to treat skin diseases like atopic dermatitis(AD)in China,and the aim of this study is to investigate the therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms of WQY on AD.Methods:The DNFB-induced mouse models of AD were established to investigate the therapeutic effects of WQY on AD.The symptoms of AD in the ears and backs of the mice were assessed,while inflammatory factors in the ear were quantified using quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR),and the percentages of CD4^(+)and CD8^(+)cells in the spleen were analyzed through flow cytometry.The compounds in WQY were identified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS)analysis and the key targets and pathways of WQY to treat AD were predicted by network pharmacology.Subsequently,the key genes were tested and verified by qRT-PCR,and the potential active components and target proteins were verified by molecular docking.Results:WQY relieved the AD symptoms and histopathological injuries in the ear and back skin of mice with AD.Meanwhile,WQY significantly reduced the levels of inflammatory factors IL-6 and IL-1βin ear tissue,as well as the ratio of CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)cells in spleen.Additionally,a total of 142 compounds were identified from the water extract of WQY by UPLC-Orbitrap-MS/MS.39 key targets related to AD were screened out by network pharmacology methods.The KEGG analysis indicated that the effects of WQY were primarily mediated through pathways associated with Toll-like receptor signaling and T cell receptor signaling.Moreover,the results of qRT-PCR demonstrated that WQY significantly reduced the mRNA expressions of IL-4,IL-10,GATA3 and FOXP3,and molecular docking simulation verified that the active components of WQY had excellent binding abilities with IL-4,IL-10,GATA3 and FOXP3 proteins.Conclusion:The present study demonstrated that WQY effectively relieved AD symptoms in mice,decreased the inflammatory factors levels,regulated the balance of CD4^(+)and CD8^(+)cells,and the mechanism may be associated with the suppression of Th2 and Treg cell immune responses.展开更多
Neurodegenerative diseases are a group of illnesses characterized by the gradual deterioration of the central nervous system,leading to a decline in patients'cognitive,motor,and emotional abilities.Neuroinflammati...Neurodegenerative diseases are a group of illnesses characterized by the gradual deterioration of the central nervous system,leading to a decline in patients'cognitive,motor,and emotional abilities.Neuroinflammation plays a significant role in the progression of these diseases.However,there is limited research on therapeutic approaches to specifically target neuroinflammation.The role of T lymphocytes,which are crucial mediators of the adaptive immune response,in neurodegenerative diseases has been increasingly recognized.This review focuses on the involvement of T lymphocytes in the neuroinflammation associated with neurodegenerative diseases.The pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases is complex,involving multiple mechanisms and pathways that contribute to the gradual degeneration of neurons,and T cells are a key component of these processes.One of the primary factors driving neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases is the infiltration of T cells and other neuroimmune cells,including microglia,astrocytes,B cells,and natural killer cells.Different subsets of CD4~+T cells,such as Th1,Th2,Th17,and regulatory T cells,can differentiate into various cell types and perform distinct roles within the neuroinflammatory environment of neurodegenerative diseases.Additionally,CD8~+T cells,which can directly regulate immune responses and kill target cells,also play several important roles in neurodegenerative diseases.Clinical trials investigating targeted T cell therapies for neurodegenerative diseases have shown that,while some patients respond positively,others may not respond as well and may even experience adverse effects.Targeting T cells precisely is challenging due to the complexity of immune responses in the central nervous system,which can lead to undesirable side effects.However,with new insights into the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases,there is hope for the establishment of a solid theoretical foundation upon which innovative treatment strategies that target T cells can be developed in the future.展开更多
Thermochemical sulfate reduction(TSR)is an important organic-inorganic reaction that occurs within sedimentary basins and alters the original chemical compositions and isotopic structures of hydrocarbons in natural ga...Thermochemical sulfate reduction(TSR)is an important organic-inorganic reaction that occurs within sedimentary basins and alters the original chemical compositions and isotopic structures of hydrocarbons in natural gases.We used the GC-Py-GC-IRMS method to study TSR and obtained a novel finding related to intramolecular carbon isotope fractionation in natural propane.The results show that theΔC-T(δ^(13)C_(central)-13 C_(terminal))andδ^(13)C_(central)values significantly increased to 44.7‰and 11.9‰,respectively,with increasing TSR alteration.In contrast,the 13 C_(terminal)values of propane remained largely unaltered by the TSR reaction.This difference in position-specific isotope fractionation can be attributed to the central carbon’s reactivity being higher than that of terminal carbon during TSR.In sum,the results indicate that theδ^(13)C_(terminal)values of propane can serve as robust indicators for source rock identification of natural gas altered by post-generation reactions such as TSR and anaerobic microbial oxidation.展开更多
The acceleration of LMXB 4U 1820-30 derived from its orbital-period derivative P_(b)was supposed to be the evidence for an Intermediate-mass black hole(IMBH)in the Galactic globular cluster(GC)NGC 6624.However,we find...The acceleration of LMXB 4U 1820-30 derived from its orbital-period derivative P_(b)was supposed to be the evidence for an Intermediate-mass black hole(IMBH)in the Galactic globular cluster(GC)NGC 6624.However,we find that the anomalous P_(b)is mainly due to the gravitational wave emission,rather than the acceleration in cluster potential.Using the standard structure models of GCs,we simulate acceleration distributions for pulsars in the central region of the cluster.By fitting the acceleration of J1823-3021 A with the simulated distribution profiles(maximum values),it is suggested that an IMBH with mass M■950_(-350)^(+550)M_(⊙) may reside in the cluster center.We further show that the second period derivative P of J1823-3021 A is probably due to the gravitational perturbation of a nearby star.展开更多
Objective Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a systemic autoimmune disease that affects the small joints of the whole body and degrades the patients’quality of life.Zhengqing Fengtongning(ZF)is a traditional Chinese medicine...Objective Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a systemic autoimmune disease that affects the small joints of the whole body and degrades the patients’quality of life.Zhengqing Fengtongning(ZF)is a traditional Chinese medicine preparation used to treat RA.ZF may cause liver injury.In this study,we aimed to develop a prediction model for abnormal liver function caused by ZF.Methods This retrospective study collected data from multiple centers from January 2018 to April 2023.Abnormal liver function was set as the target variable according to the alanine transaminase(ALT)level.Features were screened through univariate analysis and sequential forward selection for modeling.Ten machine learning and deep learning models were compared to find the model that most effectively predicted liver function from the available data.Results This study included 1,913 eligible patients.The LightGBM model exhibited the best performance(accuracy=0.96)out of the 10 learning models.The predictive metrics of the LightGBM model were as follows:precision=0.99,recall rate=0.97,F1_score=0.98,area under the curve(AUC)=0.98,sensitivity=0.97 and specificity=0.85 for predicting ALT<40 U/L;precision=0.60,recall rate=0.83,F1_score=0.70,AUC=0.98,sensitivity=0.83 and specificity=0.97 for predicting 40≤ALT<80 U/L;and precision=0.83,recall rate=0.63,F1_score=0.71,AUC=0.97,sensitivity=0.63 and specificity=1.00 for predicting ALT≥80 U/L.ZF-induced abnormal liver function was found to be associated with high total cholesterol and triglyceride levels,the combination of TNF-αinhibitors,JAK inhibitors,methotrexate+nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,leflunomide,smoking,older age,and females in middle-age(45-65 years old).Conclusion This study developed a model for predicting ZF-induced abnormal liver function,which may help improve the safety of integrated administration of ZF and Western medicine.展开更多
Objectives:An allergy is an exaggerated immune response,and mast cells play central roles in allergic pathologies.Allyl isothiocyanate can suppress inflammatory responses;however,whether allyl isothiocyanate has a sup...Objectives:An allergy is an exaggerated immune response,and mast cells play central roles in allergic pathologies.Allyl isothiocyanate can suppress inflammatory responses;however,whether allyl isothiocyanate has a suppressive effect on allergic pathologies remains unclear.Methods:2,4-dinitrofluorobenzen or ovalbumin was used to establish a mouse model of allergic contact dermatitis or food allergy,respectively.The mRNA level of cytokines was determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction.To examine the effects of allyl isothiocyanate on mast cells,degranulation and intracellular calcium measurement,RNA sequencing,real-time polymerase chain reaction,and Western blotting were performed.Results:Allyl isothiocyanate ameliorated allergic contact dermatitis and food allergy.Allyl isothiocyanate decreased the mRNA levels of cytokines and degranulated mast cells in the allergic contact dermatitis model.Furthermore,allyl isothiocyanate decreased the mRNA levels of cytokines and the mast cell marker mMCP-1 in the food allergy model.Moreover,allyl isothiocyanate inhibited immunoglobulin E/antigeninduced β-hexosaminidase release in murine bone marrow-derived mast cells and RBL-2H3 cells.Allyl isothiocyanate also decreased the increase in intracellular calcium levels induced by immunoglobulin E/antigen in mast cells.In addition,allyl isothiocyanate suppressed calcium ionophore A23187-induced mast cell degranulation.Furthermore,allyl isothiocyanate reduced A23187 or compound 48/80-induced human mast cells degranulation.RNA-sequencing data revealed that immunoglobulin E/antigen induced the expression of activating transcription factor 3 in murine bone marrow-derived mast cells;however,allyl isothiocyanate downregulated activating transcription factor 3 levels.Additionally,allyl isothiocyanate inhibited endoplasmic reticulum stress-related proteins.Conclusions:The results of the present study showed that allyl isothiocyanate ameliorated allergic contactdermatitis and foodallergy via inhibition of mast cells.展开更多
A typical NASICON type cathode material,Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(NVP)has been widely studied in the field of sodium-ion batteries(SIBs),which possesses a suitable price,an ideal specific capacity,and an excellent cycli...A typical NASICON type cathode material,Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(NVP)has been widely studied in the field of sodium-ion batteries(SIBs),which possesses a suitable price,an ideal specific capacity,and an excellent cycling stability.However,its low ionic/electronic conductivity has become a major factor hindering its development.In the present study,carbon and nitrogen co-doped NVP(NVP/CN)composites are synthesized by adding C_(3)NH_(6)source using a simple preparation method.The carbon and nitrogen co-doping is intended to introduce lattice defects,which enhances the electrical conductivity of the material and facilitates the diffusion of Na^(+) and e-.Comprehensively,the co-coated NVP cathode material show more excellent electrochemical performance when the N source addition of nC_(3)NH_(6):nNVP=2(NVP/CN-2).NVP/CN-2 has an initial discharge specific capacity of 111.5 mAh/g,and a capacity retention rate of 97.57%after 1000 charge/discharge cycles.The diffusion coefficient of sodium ions is relatively high and can reach 4.74×10^(-10)cm^(2)s^(-1)by CV fitting,so the modified NVP/CN samples are expected to be promising cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries.展开更多
The high-quality laminated source rock organic matter(OM)originated from planktonic algae,and its sedimentation was affected by global climate change significantly in the upper Xiaganchaigou Formation of the western Q...The high-quality laminated source rock organic matter(OM)originated from planktonic algae,and its sedimentation was affected by global climate change significantly in the upper Xiaganchaigou Formation of the western Qaidam Basin.However,coupling research on the paleoenvironment change and OM enrichment during the sedimentation period of the source rock is still lacking.This study from the aspects of sedimentary petrology,geochemistry and paleontology palynology,the paleoenvironment of source rock is restored and the OM enrichment model is established in the study area.Firstly,kerogen maceral identification indicates that the kerogen maceral is mainly composed of Botryococcus,accompanied with amorphous organic matter and plant debris.Secondly,arid climate and relatively active tectonic were observed during the deposition of the source rock.The water column was received felsic source from the continental island arc tectonic background,and has the environmental characteristics of relatively saline,shallow depth,medium low productivity,fast sedimentation rate and anoxic reduction and so on.Lastly,the first-order controlling factors for the OM enrichment are anoxic water conditions and suitable sedimentation rate,and the secondary controlling factor is paleoproductivity.Through the coupling study of paleoclimate,paleoenvironment and OM enrichment,the paleoclimate high frequency alternating evolution was the root cause of sedimentary environment change and OM enrichment of the laminated shale in the Upper Xiaganchaigou Formation.The study on the OM enrichment mechanism of algae in Qaidam provides a good model for understanding the coupling relationship between the algae bloom in the saline lake basins and the environments,and provides important theoretical basis for predicting shale oil“sweet spot”and production well sites arrangement for the continental saline lacustrine basins.展开更多
Against the backdrop of the national innovation strategy and the digital transformation of education,the traditional“extensive”training model for innovation and entrepreneurship talents struggles to meet the persona...Against the backdrop of the national innovation strategy and the digital transformation of education,the traditional“extensive”training model for innovation and entrepreneurship talents struggles to meet the personalized development needs of students,making an urgent shift toward precision and intelligence necessary.This study constructs a four-dimensional integrated framework centered on data,“Goal-Data-Intervention-Evaluation”,and proposes a data-driven training model for innovation and entrepreneurship talents in universities.By collecting multi-source data such as learning behaviors,competency assessments,and practical projects,the model conducts in-depth analysis of students’individual characteristics and development potential,enabling precise decision-making in goal setting,teaching intervention,and practical guidance.Based on data analysis,a supportive system for personalized teaching and practical activities is established.Combined with process-oriented and summative evaluations,a closed-loop feedback mechanism is formed to improve training effectiveness.This model provides a theoretical framework and practical path for the scientific,personalized,and intelligent development of innovation and entrepreneurship education in universities.展开更多
Objectives Retinal ischemia-reperfusion(RIR)injury results in irreversible visual impairments.The disruption of the outer blood-retinal barrier(OBRB)is a major ocular pathogenic process that RIR injury affects.Current...Objectives Retinal ischemia-reperfusion(RIR)injury results in irreversible visual impairments.The disruption of the outer blood-retinal barrier(OBRB)is a major ocular pathogenic process that RIR injury affects.Current clinical strategies are limited.This study aimed to elucidate how electroacupuncture(EA)protects the OBRB against RIR injury.Methods Male Wistar rats(7 weeks old,250 g to 280 g)were used in this study.Three independent experiments were conducted.First,Opioid peptide levels were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).42 rats were randomly divided into 7 groups(n=6/group):Control:No treatment;high intraocular pressure(HIOP):Acute intraocular pressure elevation-induced RIR injury;HIOP+SHAM EA:RIR injury+sham EA at Xinming(Extra acupoint)and Jingming(BL1)for 30 min(shallow needle insertion but without electric stimulation);HIOP+2 Hz EA:RIR injury+2 Hz EA at Xinming and BL1 for 30 min;HIOP+100 Hz:RIR injury+100 Hz EA at Xinming and BL1 for 30 min;HIOP+2/100 Hz EA:RIR injury+2/100 Hz EA at Xinming and BL1 for 30 min;HIOP+4/20 Hz EA:RIR injury+4/20 Hz EA at Xinming and BL1 for 30 min.Second,retinal morphology was assessed by hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining.20 rats were randomly allocated into 4 groups(n=5/group):Control:No treatment;HIOP:Acute intraocular pressure elevation-induced RIR injury;HIOP+SHAM EA:RIR injury+sham EA at Xinming and BL1 for 30 min(shallow needle insertion but without electric stimulation);HIOP+2 Hz EA:RIR injury+2 Hz EA at Xinming and BL1 for 30 min.Third,the permeability of OBRB was evaluated using the fluorescein isothiocyanate(FITC)-dextran leakage assay.15 rats were randomly divided into 5 groups(n=3/group):Control:No treatment;HIOP:Acute intraocular pressure elevation-induced RIR injury;HIOP+SHAM EA:RIR injury+sham EA at Xinming and BL1 for 30 min(shallow needle insertion but without electric stimulation);HIOP+2 Hz EA:RIR injury+2 Hz EA at Xinming and BL1 for 30 min;Nal+HIOP+2 Hz EA:Intravitreal injection ofδ-opioid receptor antagonist Naltridole(10µl,100 nM)30 min before RIR injury induction,followed by 2 Hz EA treatment at Xinming and BL1 for 30 min.In vitro studies examined enkephalins'effects on oxygen–glucose deprivation/reperfusion(OGD/R)induced injury in ARPE‐19 cells.Cell viability was evaluated by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay,and morphological changes were recorded by Molecular Devices.Apoptosis was detected by Annexin V-FITC flow cytometry.Delta opioid receptor(DOR)expression in total protein and membrane protein were analyzed by western blotting(WB).Immunofluorescence(IF)staining and WB assessed ZO-1 and Claudin-19.For cell-based assays,n indicates the number of biologically independent replicates.Results It was found that 2 Hz EA treatment increased enkephalins(methionine-enkephalin and leucine-enkephalin)levels(P<0.01),restoring the increased retinal thickness(P<0.05)and mitigating RGCs loss(P<0.05)post-RIR injury.FITC-dextran leakage in the outer retina was ameliorated by 2 Hz EA(P<0.05),reversibly countered by Naltrindole(P<0.05),a DOR antagonist.Treatment with 30µM enkephalins enhanced ARPE-19 cell viability(P<0.001,P<0.0001)and inhibited apoptosis(P<0.0001).Enkephalins elevated DOR levels in total protein(P<0.05)and membrane protein fractions(P<0.001,P<0.0001),as well as elevated ZO-1(P<0.001,P<0.01)and Claudin-19(P<0.0001,P<0.001)levels following OGD/R,counteracted by Naltrindole.Conclusion It was found that 2 Hz EA inhibits the breakdown of OBRB via enkephalins activate DOR in RIR injury.展开更多
D-D’-A type aza-borondipyrromethenes(aza-BODIPYs)were prepared by Suzuki cross-coupling reaction.Photothermal conversion efficiency of self-assemble aza-BODIPY-based nanoparticles(DA-azaBDP-NPs)with NIR-Ⅱ emission(...D-D’-A type aza-borondipyrromethenes(aza-BODIPYs)were prepared by Suzuki cross-coupling reaction.Photothermal conversion efficiency of self-assemble aza-BODIPY-based nanoparticles(DA-azaBDP-NPs)with NIR-Ⅱ emission(λ_(em)=1065 nm)was 37.2%under near infrared(NIR)irradiation,and the outstanding cytotoxicity was triggered by coexistence of DA-azaBDP-NPs and the NIR irradiation,with the decrease of glioblastoma migration and the inhibition of glioblastoma proliferation.DA-azaBDP-NPs could promote glioblastoma autophagy and accelerate the process of cell death.The photothermal therapy(PTT)of DAazaBDP-NPs can effectively induce glioblastoma death by apoptosis under the NIR irradiation,which is highly promising to be applied in vivo experiments of brain.展开更多
Black rice,as a dietary supplement,has received increasing attention because of its beneficial health properties.Although black rice and its major ingredients have been considered a potential therapy for ulcerative co...Black rice,as a dietary supplement,has received increasing attention because of its beneficial health properties.Although black rice and its major ingredients have been considered a potential therapy for ulcerative colitis(UC),its effect and underlying mechanism of action remain obscure.In this study,black rice was demonstrated to improve dextran sulfate sodium salt(DSS)-induced UC and restore intestinal barrier dysfunction.Cyanidin 3-O-glucoside(C3G)is the most abundant ingredient in black rice.Similarly,in vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated that C3G alleviates colitis and intestinal barrier dysfunction.Proteomic analysis showed that C3G significantly reduced abnormallyelevated swiprosin-1 levels in mice with colitis.Furthermore,the effect of C3G on mitigating colitis was inhibited after swiprosin-1 was overexpressed in intestinal tissue in vivo and Caco-2 cells in vitro.Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 1(ACSL1)was identified as a potential protein that interacts with swiprosin-1 byco-immunoprecipitation and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.By integratingmetabolomics experiments and bioinformatics analysis of single-cell sequencing,ACSL1 was found to selectively bind to swiprosin-1 and regulate downstream linoleic acid metabolism in colitis.Moreover,C3G was observed to prevent the localization of ACSL1 within mitochondria via swiprosin-1,thereby inhibiting the oxidation of linoleic acid.This study demonstrated that C3G targeted swiprosin-1 to ameliorate UC via ASCLl-mediated linoleic acid metabolism,thereby providing a novel potential insight into the mechanism of C3G protection against colitis and establishing the groundwork for its clinical application.展开更多
Background:Transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 3(KLF3)may be involved in regulating inflammation and lymphocyte function.Immune dysfunction in sepsis involves both hyper-inflammation and immunosuppression.Ho...Background:Transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 3(KLF3)may be involved in regulating inflammation and lymphocyte function.Immune dysfunction in sepsis involves both hyper-inflammation and immunosuppression.However,studies on T-lymphocyte KLF3 expression in sepsis are lacking.Methods:We induced sepsis in mice via cecal ligation and puncture(CLP),and their survival rate over 7 days was evaluated.To identify the immune status of these mice,we assessed their cytokine levels,organ damage scores,and splenic T-lymphocyte phenotype.Finally,T-lymphocyte KLF3 expression was detected through flow cytometry.Results:Over the 7 days of observation,septic mice demonstrated 64.7%mortality.In the early stages after CLP,the proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels increased rapidly,multiple organ damage occurred,and splenic T lymphocytes became activated.However,the proportion of KLF3+T lymphocytes decreased.Subsequently,cytokine levels and lymphocyte activation decreased.An increase in cell apoptosis led to a substantial loss of T lymphocytes.Combined with the continual elevations in serum interleukin levels and worsening severe organ damage,septic mice may have entered a state of persistent inflammation and immunosuppression,with a simultaneous increase in KLF3 expression in T lymphocytes.Notably,KLF3 expression was negatively correlated with T-lymphocyte activation and apoptosis.Conclusions:In our septic mice,splenic T-lymphocyte KLF3 expression decreased in the early stage when the mice exhibited a systemic inflammatory response and T-lymphocyte activation.In contrast,it increased in the later stage,when persistent inflammation and immunosuppression occurred.Dynamic monitoring of KLF3 expression levels may provide aid in identifying the immune status of sepsis.展开更多
Cardiovascular disease(CVD)represents the foremost cause of mortality globally,imposing a substantial economic burden.In 2021,approximately 19.4 million deaths were attributed to cardiovascular conditions,constituting...Cardiovascular disease(CVD)represents the foremost cause of mortality globally,imposing a substantial economic burden.In 2021,approximately 19.4 million deaths were attributed to cardiovascular conditions,constituting 32%of global mortality[1].Over three-quarters of these fatalities occurred in low and middle-income nations.Notably,ischemic heart disease and stroke were responsible for 84%of CVD-related deaths.Among them,the number of cases of ischemic cardiomyopathy increased by 68%in 2021 compared to 1990(Figure 1A).展开更多
The multifractal characteristics of organic-rich shale developed along the margins of basins are essential for understanding reservoir heterogeneity,gas storage mechanisms,and the identification of favorable explorati...The multifractal characteristics of organic-rich shale developed along the margins of basins are essential for understanding reservoir heterogeneity,gas storage mechanisms,and the identification of favorable exploration targets.This study systematically investigates the pore structure of marine shale in the Zhaotong area of the National Shale Gas Exploration Demonstration Area in China by integrating analytical methods such as X-ray diffraction,low-pressure N_(2) adsorption,and field emission scanning electron microscopy with the Frenkel-HalseyHill fractal model.The results reveal that:(1)four distinct shale lithofacies(SL)types were identified-argillaceous/siliceous mixed SL(Type Ⅰ:M-2),carbonate/siliceous mixed SL(Type Ⅱ:M and M-1),argillaceous-rich siliceous SL(Type Ⅲ:S-3),and carbonate-rich and argillaceous/carbonate siliceous SL(Type Ⅳ:S-1 and S-2);(2)Types Ⅱ and Ⅳ generally exhibit higher fractal dimensions(D_(1),D_(2),and D_(3))than Types Ⅰ and Ⅲ,indicating the former’s more complex pore architectures,rougher pore surfaces,and greater potential for gas adsorption;(3)for Types Ⅰ and Ⅲ,fractal dimensions exhibit positive correlations with organic matter content,pore structural parameters,and gas content,suggesting their effectiveness as indicators of reservoir quality.In contrast,in Types Ⅱ and Ⅳ,the D_(2) dimension is positively correlated with gas content,implying that mesopores play a significant role in gas occurrence,even in tectonically modified settings.These results highlight the utility of fractal analysis as a robust method for evaluating reservoirs in structurally complex geological environments.展开更多
The stability and evolution of human genetics depend on chromosomes and chromosome-chromosome interactions.We wish to understand the spatial location of chromosomes in dividing cells in order to understand the relatio...The stability and evolution of human genetics depend on chromosomes and chromosome-chromosome interactions.We wish to understand the spatial location of chromosomes in dividing cells in order to understand the relationship between chromosome-chromosome interactions and to further investigate the role of chromosomes and their impact on cell biological behavior.In this study,we explored the relative spatial positional relationships of chromosomes[t(9;22)and t(15;17)]in B-ALL cells by using the three-dimensional DNA fluorescent in situ hybridization(3D-FISH)method.The results showed that chromosomes[t(9;22)and t(15;17)]showed relatively stable spatial relationships.The relative stability of the spatial location of chromosomes in dividing cells may be relevant to disease.展开更多
The rhenium-osmium(Re-Os)isotope system is a powerful tool for dating organic-rich sedimentary rocks,yet the mechanisms of Re and Os uptake and their fractionation in different types of organic matter remain poorly un...The rhenium-osmium(Re-Os)isotope system is a powerful tool for dating organic-rich sedimentary rocks,yet the mechanisms of Re and Os uptake and their fractionation in different types of organic matter remain poorly understood.Here,we investigate the role of terrestrial organic matter(e.g.,wood of the species Taxodium distichum and charcoal generated from the same species in the laboratory)in Re and Os enrichment and isotope fractionation through laboratory experiments.The results show that charcoal has a significantly higher capacity to uptake both Re(68-77 times greater)and Os(1.7-2.2 times higher)compared to wood,with charcoal preferentially accumulating Re over Os,leading to higher^(187)Re/^(188)Os ratios.These findings highlight the important contribution of terrestrial organic matter,particularly charcoal,to Re and Os concentrations and isotope fractionation in shales,and the importance of organic matter type for chelating Re and Os as previously discussed.Furthermore,we discuss the potential of using Re to track organic carbon weathering,noting that the coupled release of Re and organic carbon during weathering provides new insights into carbon cycling processes.展开更多
Understanding the relationship between normal stiffness and permeability in rock fractures under high and true-triaxial in situ stress conditions is critical to assess hydro-mechanical coupling in the Earth's crus...Understanding the relationship between normal stiffness and permeability in rock fractures under high and true-triaxial in situ stress conditions is critical to assess hydro-mechanical coupling in the Earth's crust.Previous data on stiffness–permeability relations are measured under uniaxial stress states as well as under normal stress.However,many projects involve faulted formations with complex three-dimensional(3D)stress states or significant changes to the original stress state.We rectified this by following the permeability evolution using a true-triaxial stress-permeability apparatus as well as independently applying a spectrum of triaxial stresses from low to high.The relationship between permeability and fracture normal stiffness was quantified using constraints based on the principle of virtual work.The impacts of fracture-lateral and fracture-normal stresses on permeability and normal stiffness evolution were measured.It was found that permeability decreases with increasing fracture-lateral and fracture-normal stresses as a result of Poisson confinement,independent of the orientation of the fracture relative to the stresses.The lateral stresses dominated the evolution of normal stiffness at lower normal stresses(σ_(3)=10 MPa)and played a supplementary role at higher normal stresses(σ_(3)>10 MPa).Moreover,correlations between the evolution of permeability and normal stiffness were extended beyond the low-stiffness,high-permeability region to the high-stiffness,low-permeability region under high fracture-lateral stresses(10–80 MPa)with fracture-normal stress(10–50 MPa)conditions.Again,high lateral stresses further confined the fracture and therefore reduced permeability and increased normal stiffness,which exceeded the previous reported stiffness under no lateral stress conditions.This process enabled us to identify a fundamental change in the flow regime from multi-channel to isolated channelized flow.These results provide important characterizations of fracture permeability in the deep crust,including recovery from deep shale-gas reservoirs.展开更多
AIM To explore the role of macrophages in chronic pancreatitis(CP) and the effect of Dachaihu decoction(DCHD) on pancreatic fibrosis in mice.METHODS Kun Ming mice were randomly divided into a control group, CP group, ...AIM To explore the role of macrophages in chronic pancreatitis(CP) and the effect of Dachaihu decoction(DCHD) on pancreatic fibrosis in mice.METHODS Kun Ming mice were randomly divided into a control group, CP group, and DCHD group. In the CP and DCHD groups, mice were intraperitoneally injected with 20% L-arginine(3 g/kg twice 1 d/wk for 6 wk). Mice in the DCHD group were administered DCHD intragastrically at a dose of 14 g/kg/d 1 wk after CP induction. At 2 wk, 4 wk and 6 wk post-modeling, the morphology of the pancreas was observed using hematoxylin and eosin, and Masson staining. Interleukin-6(IL-6) serum levels were assayed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Double immunofluorescence staining was performed to observe the co-expression of F4/80 and IL-6 in the pancreas. Inflammatory factors including monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1), macrophage inflammatory protein-1α(MIP-1α) and IL-6 were determined using real time-polymerase chain reaction. Western blot analysis was used to detect fibronectin levels in the pancreas. RESULTS Compared with the control group, mice with 20% L-arginine-induced CP had obvious macrophage infiltration and a higher level of fibrosis. IL-6 serum concentrations were significantly increased. Double immunofluorescence staining showed that IL-6 and F4/80 were co-expressed in the pancreas. With the administration of DCHD, the infiltration of macrophages and degree of fibrosis in the pancreas were significantly attenuated; IL-6, MCP-1 and MIP-1α m RNA, and fibronectin levels were reduced. CONCLUSION The dominant role of macrophages in the development of CP was mainly related to IL-6 production. DCHD was effective in ameliorating pancreatic fibrosis by inhibiting macrophage infiltration and inflammatory factor secretion in the pancreas.展开更多
文摘Under solvothermal conditions,1,4‑naphthalenedicarboxylic acid(H_(2)ndc)and 9,9′‑dihexyl‑2,7‑di(pyridin‑4‑yl)fluorene(hfdp)reacted with Co^(2+)ions and Cd^(2+)ions to form two coordination polymers,[Co(hfdp)(ndc)(H2O)]·DMA}n(1)and{[Cd(hfdp)(ndc)(H_(2)O)]·DMA}_(n)(2),respectively(DMA=N,N‑dimethylacetamide).Single‑crystal X‑ray diffraction analyses showed that both complexes 1 and 2 contain similar structures.Topological analysis indicates that complexes 1 and 2 have a{44·62}planar structure.In addition,both complexes reveal good thermal stability and fluorescence sensing performance.They exhibited good sensitivity and selectivity towards 2,4,6‑trinitrophenol(TNP)by fluorescent quenching.The limits of detection of 1 and 2 for TNP were 0.107 and 0.327μmol·L^(-1),respectively.CCDC:2475515,1;2475516,2.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82004252)the Project of Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Guangdong Province(202405112017596500)the Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau(202102020533).
文摘Background:Wenqing Yin(WQY)is a classic prescription used to treat skin diseases like atopic dermatitis(AD)in China,and the aim of this study is to investigate the therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms of WQY on AD.Methods:The DNFB-induced mouse models of AD were established to investigate the therapeutic effects of WQY on AD.The symptoms of AD in the ears and backs of the mice were assessed,while inflammatory factors in the ear were quantified using quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR),and the percentages of CD4^(+)and CD8^(+)cells in the spleen were analyzed through flow cytometry.The compounds in WQY were identified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS)analysis and the key targets and pathways of WQY to treat AD were predicted by network pharmacology.Subsequently,the key genes were tested and verified by qRT-PCR,and the potential active components and target proteins were verified by molecular docking.Results:WQY relieved the AD symptoms and histopathological injuries in the ear and back skin of mice with AD.Meanwhile,WQY significantly reduced the levels of inflammatory factors IL-6 and IL-1βin ear tissue,as well as the ratio of CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)cells in spleen.Additionally,a total of 142 compounds were identified from the water extract of WQY by UPLC-Orbitrap-MS/MS.39 key targets related to AD were screened out by network pharmacology methods.The KEGG analysis indicated that the effects of WQY were primarily mediated through pathways associated with Toll-like receptor signaling and T cell receptor signaling.Moreover,the results of qRT-PCR demonstrated that WQY significantly reduced the mRNA expressions of IL-4,IL-10,GATA3 and FOXP3,and molecular docking simulation verified that the active components of WQY had excellent binding abilities with IL-4,IL-10,GATA3 and FOXP3 proteins.Conclusion:The present study demonstrated that WQY effectively relieved AD symptoms in mice,decreased the inflammatory factors levels,regulated the balance of CD4^(+)and CD8^(+)cells,and the mechanism may be associated with the suppression of Th2 and Treg cell immune responses.
基金supported by Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department,Nos.202403AC100007(to NZ),202301AY070001-239(to JY)Yunnan Revitalization Talent Support Program,Nos.2019-069(to ZY)and 2019-300(to JY)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.32260196(to JY)a grant from Kunming Medical University,No.2024S085(to KL)。
文摘Neurodegenerative diseases are a group of illnesses characterized by the gradual deterioration of the central nervous system,leading to a decline in patients'cognitive,motor,and emotional abilities.Neuroinflammation plays a significant role in the progression of these diseases.However,there is limited research on therapeutic approaches to specifically target neuroinflammation.The role of T lymphocytes,which are crucial mediators of the adaptive immune response,in neurodegenerative diseases has been increasingly recognized.This review focuses on the involvement of T lymphocytes in the neuroinflammation associated with neurodegenerative diseases.The pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases is complex,involving multiple mechanisms and pathways that contribute to the gradual degeneration of neurons,and T cells are a key component of these processes.One of the primary factors driving neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases is the infiltration of T cells and other neuroimmune cells,including microglia,astrocytes,B cells,and natural killer cells.Different subsets of CD4~+T cells,such as Th1,Th2,Th17,and regulatory T cells,can differentiate into various cell types and perform distinct roles within the neuroinflammatory environment of neurodegenerative diseases.Additionally,CD8~+T cells,which can directly regulate immune responses and kill target cells,also play several important roles in neurodegenerative diseases.Clinical trials investigating targeted T cell therapies for neurodegenerative diseases have shown that,while some patients respond positively,others may not respond as well and may even experience adverse effects.Targeting T cells precisely is challenging due to the complexity of immune responses in the central nervous system,which can lead to undesirable side effects.However,with new insights into the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases,there is hope for the establishment of a solid theoretical foundation upon which innovative treatment strategies that target T cells can be developed in the future.
基金supported by the Helium Enrichment and Detection in Natural Gas Reservoirs Related to Oil and Gas Fields project(Grant No.2025ZD1010500)the Deep Earth Probe and Mineral Resources Exploration―National Science and Technology Major Project.-。
文摘Thermochemical sulfate reduction(TSR)is an important organic-inorganic reaction that occurs within sedimentary basins and alters the original chemical compositions and isotopic structures of hydrocarbons in natural gases.We used the GC-Py-GC-IRMS method to study TSR and obtained a novel finding related to intramolecular carbon isotope fractionation in natural propane.The results show that theΔC-T(δ^(13)C_(central)-13 C_(terminal))andδ^(13)C_(central)values significantly increased to 44.7‰and 11.9‰,respectively,with increasing TSR alteration.In contrast,the 13 C_(terminal)values of propane remained largely unaltered by the TSR reaction.This difference in position-specific isotope fractionation can be attributed to the central carbon’s reactivity being higher than that of terminal carbon during TSR.In sum,the results indicate that theδ^(13)C_(terminal)values of propane can serve as robust indicators for source rock identification of natural gas altered by post-generation reactions such as TSR and anaerobic microbial oxidation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.11803009 and 11603009the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province under Grant Nos.2018J05006,2018J01416 and 2016J05013。
文摘The acceleration of LMXB 4U 1820-30 derived from its orbital-period derivative P_(b)was supposed to be the evidence for an Intermediate-mass black hole(IMBH)in the Galactic globular cluster(GC)NGC 6624.However,we find that the anomalous P_(b)is mainly due to the gravitational wave emission,rather than the acceleration in cluster potential.Using the standard structure models of GCs,we simulate acceleration distributions for pulsars in the central region of the cluster.By fitting the acceleration of J1823-3021 A with the simulated distribution profiles(maximum values),it is suggested that an IMBH with mass M■950_(-350)^(+550)M_(⊙) may reside in the cluster center.We further show that the second period derivative P of J1823-3021 A is probably due to the gravitational perturbation of a nearby star.
基金supported by the Budgeted Fund of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(Natural Science)(No.2021LK037)the Open Project of Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation(No.2021-ZY-03).
文摘Objective Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a systemic autoimmune disease that affects the small joints of the whole body and degrades the patients’quality of life.Zhengqing Fengtongning(ZF)is a traditional Chinese medicine preparation used to treat RA.ZF may cause liver injury.In this study,we aimed to develop a prediction model for abnormal liver function caused by ZF.Methods This retrospective study collected data from multiple centers from January 2018 to April 2023.Abnormal liver function was set as the target variable according to the alanine transaminase(ALT)level.Features were screened through univariate analysis and sequential forward selection for modeling.Ten machine learning and deep learning models were compared to find the model that most effectively predicted liver function from the available data.Results This study included 1,913 eligible patients.The LightGBM model exhibited the best performance(accuracy=0.96)out of the 10 learning models.The predictive metrics of the LightGBM model were as follows:precision=0.99,recall rate=0.97,F1_score=0.98,area under the curve(AUC)=0.98,sensitivity=0.97 and specificity=0.85 for predicting ALT<40 U/L;precision=0.60,recall rate=0.83,F1_score=0.70,AUC=0.98,sensitivity=0.83 and specificity=0.97 for predicting 40≤ALT<80 U/L;and precision=0.83,recall rate=0.63,F1_score=0.71,AUC=0.97,sensitivity=0.63 and specificity=1.00 for predicting ALT≥80 U/L.ZF-induced abnormal liver function was found to be associated with high total cholesterol and triglyceride levels,the combination of TNF-αinhibitors,JAK inhibitors,methotrexate+nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,leflunomide,smoking,older age,and females in middle-age(45-65 years old).Conclusion This study developed a model for predicting ZF-induced abnormal liver function,which may help improve the safety of integrated administration of ZF and Western medicine.
基金funded by the“Xinlin Young Talent Program”from Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,and the Skate Key Laboratory of Drug Research(No.SIMMI1803KF-11).
文摘Objectives:An allergy is an exaggerated immune response,and mast cells play central roles in allergic pathologies.Allyl isothiocyanate can suppress inflammatory responses;however,whether allyl isothiocyanate has a suppressive effect on allergic pathologies remains unclear.Methods:2,4-dinitrofluorobenzen or ovalbumin was used to establish a mouse model of allergic contact dermatitis or food allergy,respectively.The mRNA level of cytokines was determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction.To examine the effects of allyl isothiocyanate on mast cells,degranulation and intracellular calcium measurement,RNA sequencing,real-time polymerase chain reaction,and Western blotting were performed.Results:Allyl isothiocyanate ameliorated allergic contact dermatitis and food allergy.Allyl isothiocyanate decreased the mRNA levels of cytokines and degranulated mast cells in the allergic contact dermatitis model.Furthermore,allyl isothiocyanate decreased the mRNA levels of cytokines and the mast cell marker mMCP-1 in the food allergy model.Moreover,allyl isothiocyanate inhibited immunoglobulin E/antigeninduced β-hexosaminidase release in murine bone marrow-derived mast cells and RBL-2H3 cells.Allyl isothiocyanate also decreased the increase in intracellular calcium levels induced by immunoglobulin E/antigen in mast cells.In addition,allyl isothiocyanate suppressed calcium ionophore A23187-induced mast cell degranulation.Furthermore,allyl isothiocyanate reduced A23187 or compound 48/80-induced human mast cells degranulation.RNA-sequencing data revealed that immunoglobulin E/antigen induced the expression of activating transcription factor 3 in murine bone marrow-derived mast cells;however,allyl isothiocyanate downregulated activating transcription factor 3 levels.Additionally,allyl isothiocyanate inhibited endoplasmic reticulum stress-related proteins.Conclusions:The results of the present study showed that allyl isothiocyanate ameliorated allergic contactdermatitis and foodallergy via inhibition of mast cells.
文摘A typical NASICON type cathode material,Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(NVP)has been widely studied in the field of sodium-ion batteries(SIBs),which possesses a suitable price,an ideal specific capacity,and an excellent cycling stability.However,its low ionic/electronic conductivity has become a major factor hindering its development.In the present study,carbon and nitrogen co-doped NVP(NVP/CN)composites are synthesized by adding C_(3)NH_(6)source using a simple preparation method.The carbon and nitrogen co-doping is intended to introduce lattice defects,which enhances the electrical conductivity of the material and facilitates the diffusion of Na^(+) and e-.Comprehensively,the co-coated NVP cathode material show more excellent electrochemical performance when the N source addition of nC_(3)NH_(6):nNVP=2(NVP/CN-2).NVP/CN-2 has an initial discharge specific capacity of 111.5 mAh/g,and a capacity retention rate of 97.57%after 1000 charge/discharge cycles.The diffusion coefficient of sodium ions is relatively high and can reach 4.74×10^(-10)cm^(2)s^(-1)by CV fitting,so the modified NVP/CN samples are expected to be promising cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries.
基金supported by the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2024DJ8702)the Science and Technology Research Project of the China National Petroleum Corporation(No.2024DJ87)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42272029)the“Light of West China”Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.xbzglzb2022025)。
文摘The high-quality laminated source rock organic matter(OM)originated from planktonic algae,and its sedimentation was affected by global climate change significantly in the upper Xiaganchaigou Formation of the western Qaidam Basin.However,coupling research on the paleoenvironment change and OM enrichment during the sedimentation period of the source rock is still lacking.This study from the aspects of sedimentary petrology,geochemistry and paleontology palynology,the paleoenvironment of source rock is restored and the OM enrichment model is established in the study area.Firstly,kerogen maceral identification indicates that the kerogen maceral is mainly composed of Botryococcus,accompanied with amorphous organic matter and plant debris.Secondly,arid climate and relatively active tectonic were observed during the deposition of the source rock.The water column was received felsic source from the continental island arc tectonic background,and has the environmental characteristics of relatively saline,shallow depth,medium low productivity,fast sedimentation rate and anoxic reduction and so on.Lastly,the first-order controlling factors for the OM enrichment are anoxic water conditions and suitable sedimentation rate,and the secondary controlling factor is paleoproductivity.Through the coupling study of paleoclimate,paleoenvironment and OM enrichment,the paleoclimate high frequency alternating evolution was the root cause of sedimentary environment change and OM enrichment of the laminated shale in the Upper Xiaganchaigou Formation.The study on the OM enrichment mechanism of algae in Qaidam provides a good model for understanding the coupling relationship between the algae bloom in the saline lake basins and the environments,and provides important theoretical basis for predicting shale oil“sweet spot”and production well sites arrangement for the continental saline lacustrine basins.
基金Special Fund for Teacher Development Research Program of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology(Project No.:CFTD2025YB28)。
文摘Against the backdrop of the national innovation strategy and the digital transformation of education,the traditional“extensive”training model for innovation and entrepreneurship talents struggles to meet the personalized development needs of students,making an urgent shift toward precision and intelligence necessary.This study constructs a four-dimensional integrated framework centered on data,“Goal-Data-Intervention-Evaluation”,and proposes a data-driven training model for innovation and entrepreneurship talents in universities.By collecting multi-source data such as learning behaviors,competency assessments,and practical projects,the model conducts in-depth analysis of students’individual characteristics and development potential,enabling precise decision-making in goal setting,teaching intervention,and practical guidance.Based on data analysis,a supportive system for personalized teaching and practical activities is established.Combined with process-oriented and summative evaluations,a closed-loop feedback mechanism is formed to improve training effectiveness.This model provides a theoretical framework and practical path for the scientific,personalized,and intelligent development of innovation and entrepreneurship education in universities.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China:81574078。
文摘Objectives Retinal ischemia-reperfusion(RIR)injury results in irreversible visual impairments.The disruption of the outer blood-retinal barrier(OBRB)is a major ocular pathogenic process that RIR injury affects.Current clinical strategies are limited.This study aimed to elucidate how electroacupuncture(EA)protects the OBRB against RIR injury.Methods Male Wistar rats(7 weeks old,250 g to 280 g)were used in this study.Three independent experiments were conducted.First,Opioid peptide levels were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).42 rats were randomly divided into 7 groups(n=6/group):Control:No treatment;high intraocular pressure(HIOP):Acute intraocular pressure elevation-induced RIR injury;HIOP+SHAM EA:RIR injury+sham EA at Xinming(Extra acupoint)and Jingming(BL1)for 30 min(shallow needle insertion but without electric stimulation);HIOP+2 Hz EA:RIR injury+2 Hz EA at Xinming and BL1 for 30 min;HIOP+100 Hz:RIR injury+100 Hz EA at Xinming and BL1 for 30 min;HIOP+2/100 Hz EA:RIR injury+2/100 Hz EA at Xinming and BL1 for 30 min;HIOP+4/20 Hz EA:RIR injury+4/20 Hz EA at Xinming and BL1 for 30 min.Second,retinal morphology was assessed by hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining.20 rats were randomly allocated into 4 groups(n=5/group):Control:No treatment;HIOP:Acute intraocular pressure elevation-induced RIR injury;HIOP+SHAM EA:RIR injury+sham EA at Xinming and BL1 for 30 min(shallow needle insertion but without electric stimulation);HIOP+2 Hz EA:RIR injury+2 Hz EA at Xinming and BL1 for 30 min.Third,the permeability of OBRB was evaluated using the fluorescein isothiocyanate(FITC)-dextran leakage assay.15 rats were randomly divided into 5 groups(n=3/group):Control:No treatment;HIOP:Acute intraocular pressure elevation-induced RIR injury;HIOP+SHAM EA:RIR injury+sham EA at Xinming and BL1 for 30 min(shallow needle insertion but without electric stimulation);HIOP+2 Hz EA:RIR injury+2 Hz EA at Xinming and BL1 for 30 min;Nal+HIOP+2 Hz EA:Intravitreal injection ofδ-opioid receptor antagonist Naltridole(10µl,100 nM)30 min before RIR injury induction,followed by 2 Hz EA treatment at Xinming and BL1 for 30 min.In vitro studies examined enkephalins'effects on oxygen–glucose deprivation/reperfusion(OGD/R)induced injury in ARPE‐19 cells.Cell viability was evaluated by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay,and morphological changes were recorded by Molecular Devices.Apoptosis was detected by Annexin V-FITC flow cytometry.Delta opioid receptor(DOR)expression in total protein and membrane protein were analyzed by western blotting(WB).Immunofluorescence(IF)staining and WB assessed ZO-1 and Claudin-19.For cell-based assays,n indicates the number of biologically independent replicates.Results It was found that 2 Hz EA treatment increased enkephalins(methionine-enkephalin and leucine-enkephalin)levels(P<0.01),restoring the increased retinal thickness(P<0.05)and mitigating RGCs loss(P<0.05)post-RIR injury.FITC-dextran leakage in the outer retina was ameliorated by 2 Hz EA(P<0.05),reversibly countered by Naltrindole(P<0.05),a DOR antagonist.Treatment with 30µM enkephalins enhanced ARPE-19 cell viability(P<0.001,P<0.0001)and inhibited apoptosis(P<0.0001).Enkephalins elevated DOR levels in total protein(P<0.05)and membrane protein fractions(P<0.001,P<0.0001),as well as elevated ZO-1(P<0.001,P<0.01)and Claudin-19(P<0.0001,P<0.001)levels following OGD/R,counteracted by Naltrindole.Conclusion It was found that 2 Hz EA inhibits the breakdown of OBRB via enkephalins activate DOR in RIR injury.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22078201,U1908202)Liaoning&Shenyang Key Laboratory of Functional Dye and Pigment(Nos.2021JH13/10200018,21-104-0-23).
文摘D-D’-A type aza-borondipyrromethenes(aza-BODIPYs)were prepared by Suzuki cross-coupling reaction.Photothermal conversion efficiency of self-assemble aza-BODIPY-based nanoparticles(DA-azaBDP-NPs)with NIR-Ⅱ emission(λ_(em)=1065 nm)was 37.2%under near infrared(NIR)irradiation,and the outstanding cytotoxicity was triggered by coexistence of DA-azaBDP-NPs and the NIR irradiation,with the decrease of glioblastoma migration and the inhibition of glioblastoma proliferation.DA-azaBDP-NPs could promote glioblastoma autophagy and accelerate the process of cell death.The photothermal therapy(PTT)of DAazaBDP-NPs can effectively induce glioblastoma death by apoptosis under the NIR irradiation,which is highly promising to be applied in vivo experiments of brain.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81973551,82204737,82204686)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(19ZR1451800,21ZR1460400,and 21140905300)+4 种基金Guoyiqiangyou foundation of Shanghai Hongkou(HGY-KY-2018-03 and HGYMGB-2018-01-05)the Health Commission of Shanghai Municipality(ZY(2021-2023)-0203-04)Shanghai Natural Science Foundation(22ZR1455900)Future Plan for Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance and Development of Shanghai Municipal Hospital of TraditionalChineseMedicine(WLJH2021ZY-ZYY007,WL-HBBD-2021001K)Shanghai Putuo District Health System Special Disease Construction Project(2023tszb01).
文摘Black rice,as a dietary supplement,has received increasing attention because of its beneficial health properties.Although black rice and its major ingredients have been considered a potential therapy for ulcerative colitis(UC),its effect and underlying mechanism of action remain obscure.In this study,black rice was demonstrated to improve dextran sulfate sodium salt(DSS)-induced UC and restore intestinal barrier dysfunction.Cyanidin 3-O-glucoside(C3G)is the most abundant ingredient in black rice.Similarly,in vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated that C3G alleviates colitis and intestinal barrier dysfunction.Proteomic analysis showed that C3G significantly reduced abnormallyelevated swiprosin-1 levels in mice with colitis.Furthermore,the effect of C3G on mitigating colitis was inhibited after swiprosin-1 was overexpressed in intestinal tissue in vivo and Caco-2 cells in vitro.Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 1(ACSL1)was identified as a potential protein that interacts with swiprosin-1 byco-immunoprecipitation and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.By integratingmetabolomics experiments and bioinformatics analysis of single-cell sequencing,ACSL1 was found to selectively bind to swiprosin-1 and regulate downstream linoleic acid metabolism in colitis.Moreover,C3G was observed to prevent the localization of ACSL1 within mitochondria via swiprosin-1,thereby inhibiting the oxidation of linoleic acid.This study demonstrated that C3G targeted swiprosin-1 to ameliorate UC via ASCLl-mediated linoleic acid metabolism,thereby providing a novel potential insight into the mechanism of C3G protection against colitis and establishing the groundwork for its clinical application.
基金supported by grants from theNational Key Specialty Construction Project of China[grant number 2023-141]the National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding(Scientific Research Feed Fund of Peking University First Hospital)[grant number 2022SF23].
文摘Background:Transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 3(KLF3)may be involved in regulating inflammation and lymphocyte function.Immune dysfunction in sepsis involves both hyper-inflammation and immunosuppression.However,studies on T-lymphocyte KLF3 expression in sepsis are lacking.Methods:We induced sepsis in mice via cecal ligation and puncture(CLP),and their survival rate over 7 days was evaluated.To identify the immune status of these mice,we assessed their cytokine levels,organ damage scores,and splenic T-lymphocyte phenotype.Finally,T-lymphocyte KLF3 expression was detected through flow cytometry.Results:Over the 7 days of observation,septic mice demonstrated 64.7%mortality.In the early stages after CLP,the proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels increased rapidly,multiple organ damage occurred,and splenic T lymphocytes became activated.However,the proportion of KLF3+T lymphocytes decreased.Subsequently,cytokine levels and lymphocyte activation decreased.An increase in cell apoptosis led to a substantial loss of T lymphocytes.Combined with the continual elevations in serum interleukin levels and worsening severe organ damage,septic mice may have entered a state of persistent inflammation and immunosuppression,with a simultaneous increase in KLF3 expression in T lymphocytes.Notably,KLF3 expression was negatively correlated with T-lymphocyte activation and apoptosis.Conclusions:In our septic mice,splenic T-lymphocyte KLF3 expression decreased in the early stage when the mice exhibited a systemic inflammatory response and T-lymphocyte activation.In contrast,it increased in the later stage,when persistent inflammation and immunosuppression occurred.Dynamic monitoring of KLF3 expression levels may provide aid in identifying the immune status of sepsis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82270364)Science and Technology Program of Guizhou Province(No.ZK[2023]321)+3 种基金Guizhou Provincial Youth Science and Technology Talents Growth Project(No.KY[2022]214)Excellent Young Talents Plan of Guizhou Medical University(No.[2023]112)Guizhou Medical University Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Basic and Clinical Research(No.2024001)Start-up Fund of Guizhou Medical University(No.J2021032).
文摘Cardiovascular disease(CVD)represents the foremost cause of mortality globally,imposing a substantial economic burden.In 2021,approximately 19.4 million deaths were attributed to cardiovascular conditions,constituting 32%of global mortality[1].Over three-quarters of these fatalities occurred in low and middle-income nations.Notably,ischemic heart disease and stroke were responsible for 84%of CVD-related deaths.Among them,the number of cases of ischemic cardiomyopathy increased by 68%in 2021 compared to 1990(Figure 1A).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42272163)the Fund of State Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas,China University of Petroleum(East China)(Grant No.SKLDOG2024-ZYTS-01).
文摘The multifractal characteristics of organic-rich shale developed along the margins of basins are essential for understanding reservoir heterogeneity,gas storage mechanisms,and the identification of favorable exploration targets.This study systematically investigates the pore structure of marine shale in the Zhaotong area of the National Shale Gas Exploration Demonstration Area in China by integrating analytical methods such as X-ray diffraction,low-pressure N_(2) adsorption,and field emission scanning electron microscopy with the Frenkel-HalseyHill fractal model.The results reveal that:(1)four distinct shale lithofacies(SL)types were identified-argillaceous/siliceous mixed SL(Type Ⅰ:M-2),carbonate/siliceous mixed SL(Type Ⅱ:M and M-1),argillaceous-rich siliceous SL(Type Ⅲ:S-3),and carbonate-rich and argillaceous/carbonate siliceous SL(Type Ⅳ:S-1 and S-2);(2)Types Ⅱ and Ⅳ generally exhibit higher fractal dimensions(D_(1),D_(2),and D_(3))than Types Ⅰ and Ⅲ,indicating the former’s more complex pore architectures,rougher pore surfaces,and greater potential for gas adsorption;(3)for Types Ⅰ and Ⅲ,fractal dimensions exhibit positive correlations with organic matter content,pore structural parameters,and gas content,suggesting their effectiveness as indicators of reservoir quality.In contrast,in Types Ⅱ and Ⅳ,the D_(2) dimension is positively correlated with gas content,implying that mesopores play a significant role in gas occurrence,even in tectonically modified settings.These results highlight the utility of fractal analysis as a robust method for evaluating reservoirs in structurally complex geological environments.
文摘The stability and evolution of human genetics depend on chromosomes and chromosome-chromosome interactions.We wish to understand the spatial location of chromosomes in dividing cells in order to understand the relationship between chromosome-chromosome interactions and to further investigate the role of chromosomes and their impact on cell biological behavior.In this study,we explored the relative spatial positional relationships of chromosomes[t(9;22)and t(15;17)]in B-ALL cells by using the three-dimensional DNA fluorescent in situ hybridization(3D-FISH)method.The results showed that chromosomes[t(9;22)and t(15;17)]showed relatively stable spatial relationships.The relative stability of the spatial location of chromosomes in dividing cells may be relevant to disease.
基金the funding of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42222209,42303056)。
文摘The rhenium-osmium(Re-Os)isotope system is a powerful tool for dating organic-rich sedimentary rocks,yet the mechanisms of Re and Os uptake and their fractionation in different types of organic matter remain poorly understood.Here,we investigate the role of terrestrial organic matter(e.g.,wood of the species Taxodium distichum and charcoal generated from the same species in the laboratory)in Re and Os enrichment and isotope fractionation through laboratory experiments.The results show that charcoal has a significantly higher capacity to uptake both Re(68-77 times greater)and Os(1.7-2.2 times higher)compared to wood,with charcoal preferentially accumulating Re over Os,leading to higher^(187)Re/^(188)Os ratios.These findings highlight the important contribution of terrestrial organic matter,particularly charcoal,to Re and Os concentrations and isotope fractionation in shales,and the importance of organic matter type for chelating Re and Os as previously discussed.Furthermore,we discuss the potential of using Re to track organic carbon weathering,noting that the coupled release of Re and organic carbon during weathering provides new insights into carbon cycling processes.
基金funded by the joint fund of the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2021YFC2902101)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52374084)+1 种基金the 111 Project(Grant No.B17009)DE acknowledges support from the G.Albert Shoemaker endowment.
文摘Understanding the relationship between normal stiffness and permeability in rock fractures under high and true-triaxial in situ stress conditions is critical to assess hydro-mechanical coupling in the Earth's crust.Previous data on stiffness–permeability relations are measured under uniaxial stress states as well as under normal stress.However,many projects involve faulted formations with complex three-dimensional(3D)stress states or significant changes to the original stress state.We rectified this by following the permeability evolution using a true-triaxial stress-permeability apparatus as well as independently applying a spectrum of triaxial stresses from low to high.The relationship between permeability and fracture normal stiffness was quantified using constraints based on the principle of virtual work.The impacts of fracture-lateral and fracture-normal stresses on permeability and normal stiffness evolution were measured.It was found that permeability decreases with increasing fracture-lateral and fracture-normal stresses as a result of Poisson confinement,independent of the orientation of the fracture relative to the stresses.The lateral stresses dominated the evolution of normal stiffness at lower normal stresses(σ_(3)=10 MPa)and played a supplementary role at higher normal stresses(σ_(3)>10 MPa).Moreover,correlations between the evolution of permeability and normal stiffness were extended beyond the low-stiffness,high-permeability region to the high-stiffness,low-permeability region under high fracture-lateral stresses(10–80 MPa)with fracture-normal stress(10–50 MPa)conditions.Again,high lateral stresses further confined the fracture and therefore reduced permeability and increased normal stiffness,which exceeded the previous reported stiffness under no lateral stress conditions.This process enabled us to identify a fundamental change in the flow regime from multi-channel to isolated channelized flow.These results provide important characterizations of fracture permeability in the deep crust,including recovery from deep shale-gas reservoirs.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81673816the Key Basic Research Project of Shaanxi Province,No.2017ZDJC-14the Key Research Program of Natural Science of Shaanxi Education Department,No.15JS027
文摘AIM To explore the role of macrophages in chronic pancreatitis(CP) and the effect of Dachaihu decoction(DCHD) on pancreatic fibrosis in mice.METHODS Kun Ming mice were randomly divided into a control group, CP group, and DCHD group. In the CP and DCHD groups, mice were intraperitoneally injected with 20% L-arginine(3 g/kg twice 1 d/wk for 6 wk). Mice in the DCHD group were administered DCHD intragastrically at a dose of 14 g/kg/d 1 wk after CP induction. At 2 wk, 4 wk and 6 wk post-modeling, the morphology of the pancreas was observed using hematoxylin and eosin, and Masson staining. Interleukin-6(IL-6) serum levels were assayed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Double immunofluorescence staining was performed to observe the co-expression of F4/80 and IL-6 in the pancreas. Inflammatory factors including monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1), macrophage inflammatory protein-1α(MIP-1α) and IL-6 were determined using real time-polymerase chain reaction. Western blot analysis was used to detect fibronectin levels in the pancreas. RESULTS Compared with the control group, mice with 20% L-arginine-induced CP had obvious macrophage infiltration and a higher level of fibrosis. IL-6 serum concentrations were significantly increased. Double immunofluorescence staining showed that IL-6 and F4/80 were co-expressed in the pancreas. With the administration of DCHD, the infiltration of macrophages and degree of fibrosis in the pancreas were significantly attenuated; IL-6, MCP-1 and MIP-1α m RNA, and fibronectin levels were reduced. CONCLUSION The dominant role of macrophages in the development of CP was mainly related to IL-6 production. DCHD was effective in ameliorating pancreatic fibrosis by inhibiting macrophage infiltration and inflammatory factor secretion in the pancreas.
