EV Group2008形势如何？您对2009市场有何期望？
2008年对于EVG公司来说是又一个增长年，业绩成长了15．20％，尤其扩大了在纳米压印光刻、3D／TSV封装领域的市场占有率。尽管2009年整体宏观经济和环境预计将更复杂和具有挑战性，特别...EV Group2008形势如何？您对2009市场有何期望？
2008年对于EVG公司来说是又一个增长年，业绩成长了15．20％，尤其扩大了在纳米压印光刻、3D／TSV封装领域的市场占有率。尽管2009年整体宏观经济和环境预计将更复杂和具有挑战性，特别影响在汽车制造与消费类产品市场中，但我们期待有更多新颖的技术，例如后部照明的（英国标准协会）图像传感器或者采用更高功能密度的移动电话，这都将带动EVG在三维集成电路封装设备（例如，光刻以及永久和临时晶圆键合）的市场占有率将会继续成长。展开更多
Additive manufacturing(AM),with its high flexibility,cost-effectiveness,and customization,significantly accelerates the advancement of nanogenerators,contributing to sustainable energy solutions and the Internet of Th...Additive manufacturing(AM),with its high flexibility,cost-effectiveness,and customization,significantly accelerates the advancement of nanogenerators,contributing to sustainable energy solutions and the Internet of Things.In this review,an in-depth analysis of AM for piezoelectric and triboelectric nanogenerators is presented from the perspectives of fundamental mechanisms,recent advancements,and future prospects.It highlights AM-enabled advantages of versatility across materials,structural topology optimization,microstructure design,and integrated printing,which enhance critical performance indicators of nanogenerators,such as surface charge density and piezoelectric constant,thereby improving device performance compared to conventional fabrication.Common AM techniques for nanogenerators,including fused deposition modeling,direct ink writing,stereolithography,and digital light processing,are systematically examined in terms of their working principles,improved metrics(output voltage/current,power density),theoretical explanation,and application scopes.Hierarchical relationships connecting AM technologies with performance optimization and applications of nanogenerators are elucidated,providing a solid foundation for advancements in energy harvesting,self-powered sensors,wearable devices,and human-machine interaction.Furthermore,the challenges related to fabrication quality,cross-scale manufacturing,processing efficiency,and industrial deployment are critically discussed.Finally,the future prospects of AM for nanogenerators are explored,aiming to foster continuous progress and innovation in this field.展开更多
In IEC,we have the vision of an all-electric and connected society in which regenerative electrical energy is economically accessible for everybody as the primary form of energy,sustainably powering the growth of our ...In IEC,we have the vision of an all-electric and connected society in which regenerative electrical energy is economically accessible for everybody as the primary form of energy,sustainably powering the growth of our society.It is a vision that we can make it come true,but what do we need for it?The first step will be the coupling of different sectors.At the moment,these sectors are very independent from each other.So we need to generate energy for all of them simultaneously.What we will do in the future is that those sectors are coupled with a data link.When all those sectors can talk to each other,we will need less energy because we can better balance it.展开更多
Coronavirus is a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused by a novel coronavirus belonging to the family Coronaviridae. The disease was first discovered in December 2019 in Wuhan City, Hubei...Coronavirus is a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused by a novel coronavirus belonging to the family Coronaviridae. The disease was first discovered in December 2019 in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. A few months later, the disease spread all over the world and became an epidemic. The infection for most people is mild to moderate but in Vulnerable groups, if they have the infections, they might experience severe COVID-19. Saudi Arabia initiated its response plan early, and all sectors and agencies worked in an integrated way to combat the disease. It has maintained proper communication during the pandemic and ensured community involvement, epidemiologic surveillance, and activation of rapid response teams. The COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected daily lives. Schools and daycares were closed, education was online, traveling stopped, work was suspended, gathering in social activities and practicing religious rituals, like praying or doing Umrah or Hajj, were banded. Changing lifestyles as a response to COVID-19 impacted whole communities with different categories of children, parents, and families. Women usually take the majority of daily responsibilities. The sudden change in lifestyle during COVID-19 put pressure on mothers, especially those who are working to balance work and family obligations. This study aims to identify the impact of Coronavirus disease 2019 on working mothers in Saudi Arabia. Method: Data of the study was collected through survey posted on social media and analyzed through Excel. It focuses on five aspects: health, lifestyle, social relations, work production and financial status. Our target population was working mothers in Saudi Arabia aged at least 25 years. Results: In this study, all factors affected working mothers categorized under two groups: Social Economic Status and Work suspension. For Social Economic Status factors, we find five factors which are monthly income, main breadwinner, number of children at school age, type of housing, and type of work. Almost all mothers include spiritual activities to their routine to cope with stress during this period. About half of our sample have negative impact on their mental health because they are the main breadwinner, and mothers with a smaller number of children at school age have more challenges to cope up. We found that mothers who own a house or work at governmental sector have better outcome of health. After analyzing data related to Work suspension, we found that mothers who have work support have better management for life circumstances, however their health outcomes were negatively affected. In addition, mothers working at education sector have the highest positive impact among other sectors. Our data shows that working mothers’ abilities to follow up with their children decreased. This study recommends that there is need to invest more in working mothers’ research and supportive programs and ensure collaboration globally to address working mothers’ needs and share experiences.展开更多
This study reviewed a combination of health care programs in the metropolitan area of Syracuse, New York. They were designed to improve care, however a major purpose was to support efficiency. The study described a nu...This study reviewed a combination of health care programs in the metropolitan area of Syracuse, New York. They were designed to improve care, however a major purpose was to support efficiency. The study described a number of individual programs that were developed in order to improve the quality and the efficiency of care. These programs were implemented by a combination of local providers and payors. They included the development of outpatient services such as ambulatory surgery, as well as preventive care, case management, telemedicine, and mental health. The impact of these programs was a combination of these services, rather than individual efforts. The impact of these efforts was the product of a range of individual services, especially care management. Additional efforts should make it possible to extend these efforts among providers and payors in the Syracuse area. This approach should make it possible to extend the impact of health care efficiency further.展开更多
This study reviewed developments in provider utilization related to health care in the metropolitan area of the Syracuse hospitals between the twentieth century and the twenty first century with respect to major hospi...This study reviewed developments in provider utilization related to health care in the metropolitan area of the Syracuse hospitals between the twentieth century and the twenty first century with respect to major hospital services. In this study, a decline in the utilization of inpatient hospitals developed between 2020 and 2022. During this period, use of additional outpatient services such as ambulatory surgery, individual practitioners, outside hospitals, and the use of hospital emergency departments developed in the community. The study data demonstrated that between 2020 and 2022, the numbers of discharges from the combined hospitals declined for both adult medicine and adult surgery. Inpatient discharges declined by 2730 patients for adult medicine and 1961 patients for adult surgery. The data also demonstrated that between 2022 and 2024, the numbers of discharges increased by 1998 discharges for adult medicine and by 229 for adult surgery. As followup to this study, health care providers and payors should review approaches to efficiency in their communities and evaluate their impact on health care efficiency.展开更多
Low-frequency vibroseis acquisition has become a routine operation in land seismic surveys,given the advantages of low-frequency signals in characterizing geological structures and enhancing the imaging of deep explor...Low-frequency vibroseis acquisition has become a routine operation in land seismic surveys,given the advantages of low-frequency signals in characterizing geological structures and enhancing the imaging of deep exploration targets.The two key points of low-frequency sweep design techniques include controlling the distortion and improving the output energy during the low-frequency stage.However,the vibrators are limited by the maximum fl ow provided by the hydraulic systems at the low-frequency stage,causing difficulty in satisfying exploration energy requirements.Initially,a theoretical analysis of the low-frequency acquisition performance of vibrators is conducted.A theoretical maximum output force below 10 Hz is obtained by guiding through theoretical formulas and combining actual vibrator parameters.Then,the signal is optimized according to the surface characteristics of the operation area.Finally,detailed application quality control and operational procedures are established.The new low-frequency sweep design method has overcome the maximum flow limitations of the hydraulic system,increased the low-frequency energy,and achieved broadband acquisition.The designed signal has been tested and applied on various types of ground surfaces in the Middle East desert region,yielding good performance.The proposed low-frequency sweep design method holds considerable value for the application of conventional vibroseis in low-frequency acquisition.展开更多
Solid-state electrolytes are considered to be the vital part of the next-generation solid-state batteries(SSBs),due to their high safety and long operation life span.However,the two major factors that impede the expec...Solid-state electrolytes are considered to be the vital part of the next-generation solid-state batteries(SSBs),due to their high safety and long operation life span.However,the two major factors that impede the expected performance of batteries are:the easy formation of lithium dendrites due to the concentration gradient of anions,and the low ionic conductivity at room temperature,which prevents reaching ideal electrochemical performance.Single-ion quasi-solid-state electrolytes(SIQSSEs)could provide higher safety and energy density,owing to absence of anion concentration gradient and solvent,as well as good lithium-ion transport ability.The porous covalent organic frameworks(COFs)are beneficial for con-structing appropriate lithium-ion transport pathway,due to the ordered 1D channel.In addition,the boroxine COFs(COF-5)offers strong ability of withdrawing anion part of lithium salt.Last but not the least,boron atom could play the role of coordinate site due to its electron deficiency.These advantages afford an opportunity to obtain a SIQSSE with high ionic conductivity and high lithium transference number(LTN)simultaneously.The COF-5 based SIQSSEs delivered a high ionic conductivity of 6.3×10^(-4)S·cm^(-1),with a high LTN of 0.92 and a wide electrochemical stable window(ESW)of 4.7 V at room temperature.The LiFePO4(LFP)/Li cells,which was assembled with COF-5 based SIQSSE,exhibited outstanding long cycle stability,high initial capacity and favorable rate performance.The results indicated COFs could be an ideal material for single-ion solid-state electrolytes in next-generation batteries.展开更多
Because of their remarkable properties,room-temperature ionic liquids(RTILs)are used widely in electrochemistry,fuel cells,supercapacitors,and even DNA sequencing,and many of these applications involve the transport o...Because of their remarkable properties,room-temperature ionic liquids(RTILs)are used widely in electrochemistry,fuel cells,supercapacitors,and even DNA sequencing,and many of these applications involve the transport of RTILs in nanoscale media.Particularly for single-molecule detection,the RTIL must be mixed with a solvent(e.g.,water)so that the electrolyte has both high viscosity and conductivity to obtain excellent signals.If a RTIL contains a quantity of water in bulk,this has a significant effect on its properties(e.g.,the electrochemical window),thereby limiting some applications.However,the physicochemical properties of RTILs containing water in nanoconfined spaces remain unclear,especially their ionic transport behavior.Therefore,reported here is a study of the ionic transport behavior of mixed RTIL/water solutions at the nanoscale using a single conical nanochannel as a nanofluidic platform.The conductivity of the mixtures in the nanoconfined space was closely related to the nanochannel size,and highly diluted mixed solutions resulted in a nonlinear rectificationreversed current,which was possibly due to the adsorption of cations on the nanochannel wall.The maximum rectification ratio was 114,showing excellent rectification that could be used to realize newly conceptualized nanofluidic diodes.In summary,this work provides an exhaustive understanding of the nonlinear ion transport of RTIL/water mixtures and a theoretical foundation for applying RTILs in energy storage and conversion and bio-sensing.展开更多
In this study,avalanches in the Aerxiangou section of the Duku Expressway in the Tianshan Mountain area of Xinjiang were taken as the research object,and 92 avalanches were accurately identified through onsite researc...In this study,avalanches in the Aerxiangou section of the Duku Expressway in the Tianshan Mountain area of Xinjiang were taken as the research object,and 92 avalanches were accurately identified through onsite research.A high-resolution three-dimensional model was established by collecting images from unmanned aerial vehicles for an in-depth understanding of the avalanche danger of the region,according to the sample set selection of different uses of machine learning support vector machines to establish the S1-RBFKSVM,S1-PKSVM,S2-RBFKSVM,and S2-PKSVM avalanche susceptibility coupling models.On the basis of the avalanche point susceptibility,the impact velocity,impact force,avalanche volume,and throw distance constitute the hazard evaluation system.The study results revealed that slopes in the range of 26.6°–46.9°are more prone to avalanches,and sample set 2 improved the accuracy by approximately 30%compared with sample set 1 trained in the avalanche susceptibility model.Principal component analysis revealed a total of 16 high-risk avalanches,which were distributed mainly on the southern side of the route.This study provides data support for avalanche simulations as well as early warning and prevention and provides theoretical and methodological guidance for the construction and operation of the Duku Expressway.展开更多
Background Recovery colleges (RCs) support personal recovery through education, skill development and social support for people with mental health problems, carers and staff. Guided by co-production and adult learning...Background Recovery colleges (RCs) support personal recovery through education, skill development and social support for people with mental health problems, carers and staff. Guided by co-production and adult learning principles, RCs represent a recent mental health innovation. Since the first RC opened in England in 2009, RCs have expanded to 28 countries and territories. However, most RC research has been conducted in Western countries with similar cultural characteristics, limiting understanding of how RCs can be culturally adapted. The 12-item Recovery Colleges Characterisation and Testing (RECOLLECT) Fidelity Measure (RFM) evaluates the operational fidelity of RCs based on 12 components, but cultural influences on these components remain underexplored.Aims To assess associations between Hofstede’s cultural dimensions and RFM items to identify cultural influences on fidelity components.Methods A cross-sectional survey of RC managers was conducted across all 221 RCs. Mixed-effects regression models examined associations between Hofstede’s country-level cultural dimensions and item-level RFM scores, adjusted for healthcare expenditure and income inequality. Four cultural dimensions, obtained from Hofstede, were analysed: individualism (prioritising personal needs), indulgence (enjoyment-oriented), uncertainty avoidance (preference for predictability) and long-term orientation (future-focused).Results The RFM was completed by 169 (76%) RC managers. Seven RFM items showed associations with cultural dimensions. Equality was linked to short-term orientation, while learning was associated with individualism and uncertainty avoidance. Both individualism and indulgence influenced co-production and community focus. Commitment to recovery was shaped by all four cultural dimensions, with the strongest associations seen for individualism and indulgence. Individualism enhanced explicit focus on strengths-based practice, while uncertainty avoidance influenced course distinctiveness.Conclusions This study demonstrates how culture shapes RC fidelity components, providing actionable insights for cultural adaptation. Incorporating under-represented dimensions, such as collectivism and restraint, could improve the RFM’s global applicability, facilitating implementation. Future research should explore cultural nuances, engage diverse stakeholders and refine fidelity measures to enhance RC inclusivity and effectiveness worldwide.展开更多
It is currently known that colorectal cancers(CRC) arise from 3 different pathways: the adenoma to carcinoma chromosomal instability pathway(50%-70%); the mutator "Lynch syndrome" route(3%-5%); and the serra...It is currently known that colorectal cancers(CRC) arise from 3 different pathways: the adenoma to carcinoma chromosomal instability pathway(50%-70%); the mutator "Lynch syndrome" route(3%-5%); and the serrated pathway(30%-35%). The World Health Organization has classified serrated polyps into three types of lesions: hyperplastic polyps(HP),sessile serrated adenomas/polyps(SSA/P) and traditional serrated adenomas(TSA),the latter two strongly associated with development of CRCs. HPs do not cause cancer and TSAs are rare. SSA/P appear to be the responsible precursor lesion for the development of cancers through the serrated pathway. Both HPs and SSA/Ps appear morphologically similar. SSA/P are difficult to detect. The margins are normally inconspicuous. En bloc resection of these polyps can hence be troublesome. A careful examination of borders,submucosal injection of a dye solution(for larger lesions) and resection of a rim of normal tissue around the lesion may ensure total eradication of these lesions.展开更多
In April 2013, the US Chinese Anti-Cancer Association (USCACA) held its 5th annual meeting in conjunction with the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) 2013 Annual Meeting in Washington DC. The USCACA execu...In April 2013, the US Chinese Anti-Cancer Association (USCACA) held its 5th annual meeting in conjunction with the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) 2013 Annual Meeting in Washington DC. The USCACA executive committee reported activities and programs and highlighted the partnership and collaboration between USCACA and other major organizations. The key initiatives and programs of USCACA included 1) USCACA-TIGM Esophageal Cancer Program that funds translational research of esophageal cancer prevention and treatment at the Xinxiang Medical University in Henan province, China; 2) the USCACA-NFCR-AFCR Scholarship Program, which has supported 10 young outstanding Chinese cancer researchers and will award 4 fellowships at the Guangzhou International Symposium on Oncology in November this year; 3) USCACA-Hengrui Training Program for Early Phase Clinical Research, which has supported the training of a Chinese scholar at two major cancer centers in the US; and 4) USCACA has continued its partnership with the Chinese Journal of Cancer, which has reached significant international impact.展开更多
To meet people＇s needs in daily life, production, and recreation, city infrastructure including a wide variety of structures, such as stores, factories, office buildings, houses, roads, and pipelines, have been built...To meet people＇s needs in daily life, production, and recreation, city infrastructure including a wide variety of structures, such as stores, factories, office buildings, houses, roads, and pipelines, have been built. The rapid growth of urban populations, along with people＇s pursuit of a better life, have led to a greater demand for buses, railways, airways, cars, and subways; to larger scales of production, logistics, transportation, and waste; and to the estab- lishment of service facilities, such as mails, banks, sewage treat- ment facilities, telecommunication infrastructures, data centers,展开更多
This works presents the first fully validated and predictive capability to model the V_0-V_(100) probabilistic penetration response of a woven fabric using a yarn-level fabric finite element model. The V_0-V_(100) cur...This works presents the first fully validated and predictive capability to model the V_0-V_(100) probabilistic penetration response of a woven fabric using a yarn-level fabric finite element model. The V_0-V_(100) curve describes the probability of complete fabric penetration as a function of projectile impact velocity. The exemplar case considered in this paper comprises of a single-layer, fully-clamped, plain-weave Kevlar fabric impacted at the center by a 17-gr, 0.22 cal FSP or fragment-simulating projectile. Each warp and fill yarn in the fabric is individually modeled using 3 D finite elements and the virtual fabric microstructure is validated in detail against the experimental fabric microstructure. Material and testing sources of statistical variability including yarn strength and modulus, inter-yarn friction, precise projectile impact location, and projectile rotation are mapped into the finite element model. A series of impact simulations at varying projectile impact velocities is executed using LS-DYNA on the fabric models, with each model comprising unique mappings. The impact velocities together with the outcomes(penetration, nonpenetration) are used to generate the numerical V_0-V_(100) curve which is then validated against the experimental V_0-V_(100) curve. The numerical Vi-Vrdata(impact, residual velocities) is also validated against the experimental Vi-Vrdata. For completeness, this paper also reports the experimental characterization data and its statistical analysis used for model input, viz. the Kevlar yarn tensile strengths, moduli, and inter-yarn friction, and the experimental ballistic test data used for model validation.展开更多
The current health system in China has evolved by embracing both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. China is the only country in the world where the number of doctors is larger than the number of nurse...The current health system in China has evolved by embracing both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. China is the only country in the world where the number of doctors is larger than the number of nurses but education programmes for other health professions like physical therapy have been slow to develop. In the case of physical therapy it was not until China won the bid for the Olympic Games that permission to establish the first physical therapy programme was granted. Since then China has undergone a period of rapid economic growth enabling many people to have a higher standard of living and improved health, but at the same time the country is faced with massive urbanization, industrialization, increasing environmental health threats, increased health disparities and an aging population. With the support of the Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine, an increased investment by the Government in public health and rehabilitation and engagement of international education experts, entry-level education programmes for physical therapy have started to develop and there are now nine which are modeled, at least to some extent, on the World Confederation for Physical Therapy's international guidelines. The paper explores the development of physical therapy education in China and discusses possible options for the way forward so that as the demand for physical therapy to service 1.4 billion people grows, the profession is prepared and the standards expected of the entrylevel physical therapist will not be compromised.展开更多
The high Zoige Basin （Ruoergai Plateau） on the eastern Tibetan Plateau is a fault depression formed during intensive uplifting of the Tibetan Plateau. The wetland is globally important in biodiversity and is compose...The high Zoige Basin （Ruoergai Plateau） on the eastern Tibetan Plateau is a fault depression formed during intensive uplifting of the Tibetan Plateau. The wetland is globally important in biodiversity and is composed of marshes, bogs, fens, wet meadows and shallow water interspersed with low hills and sub-alpine meadows. Most of the Zoige wetlands have long been one of the most important grazing lands in China. Recent rangeland policy has allowed grazing, and usable wetland areas have been being legally allocated to individuals or groups of households on a long-term lease basis. Privatizafion of the wetland has impacted the Zoige wetlands in aspects of hydrologic condition, landscape and biodiversity. The uneven spatial distribution of water resources onprivatelands has led to the practice of extracting ground water, which has decreased the perched water table in Zoige. Fencing off the rangelands and grazing on expanding sand dunes have affected landscapes. Variation in the water table has led to the changes in vegetation diversity, resulting in the changes in wildlife and aquatic diversities and ecosystem processes. Making use all year round of the pasture that was previously grazed only in summer has shrunk the daily activity space of wildlife, and the newly erected fences blocked the movement of wild animals looking for food in the snow to lower and open areas. To maintain the favorable conditions of the Zoige wetland ecosystem, the author suggests that, in addition to biophysical research and implementation of conservation practices, there is an immediate need to initiate an integrated management program, increase public awareness of wetland functions and provide better training for the local conservation staff.展开更多
基金support from the Research Committee of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University(Project codes:RMJK and 4-ZZSJ)supported by a grant from the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,China(Project No.PolyU15212523).
文摘Additive manufacturing(AM),with its high flexibility,cost-effectiveness,and customization,significantly accelerates the advancement of nanogenerators,contributing to sustainable energy solutions and the Internet of Things.In this review,an in-depth analysis of AM for piezoelectric and triboelectric nanogenerators is presented from the perspectives of fundamental mechanisms,recent advancements,and future prospects.It highlights AM-enabled advantages of versatility across materials,structural topology optimization,microstructure design,and integrated printing,which enhance critical performance indicators of nanogenerators,such as surface charge density and piezoelectric constant,thereby improving device performance compared to conventional fabrication.Common AM techniques for nanogenerators,including fused deposition modeling,direct ink writing,stereolithography,and digital light processing,are systematically examined in terms of their working principles,improved metrics(output voltage/current,power density),theoretical explanation,and application scopes.Hierarchical relationships connecting AM technologies with performance optimization and applications of nanogenerators are elucidated,providing a solid foundation for advancements in energy harvesting,self-powered sensors,wearable devices,and human-machine interaction.Furthermore,the challenges related to fabrication quality,cross-scale manufacturing,processing efficiency,and industrial deployment are critically discussed.Finally,the future prospects of AM for nanogenerators are explored,aiming to foster continuous progress and innovation in this field.
文摘In IEC,we have the vision of an all-electric and connected society in which regenerative electrical energy is economically accessible for everybody as the primary form of energy,sustainably powering the growth of our society.It is a vision that we can make it come true,but what do we need for it?The first step will be the coupling of different sectors.At the moment,these sectors are very independent from each other.So we need to generate energy for all of them simultaneously.What we will do in the future is that those sectors are coupled with a data link.When all those sectors can talk to each other,we will need less energy because we can better balance it.
文摘Coronavirus is a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused by a novel coronavirus belonging to the family Coronaviridae. The disease was first discovered in December 2019 in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. A few months later, the disease spread all over the world and became an epidemic. The infection for most people is mild to moderate but in Vulnerable groups, if they have the infections, they might experience severe COVID-19. Saudi Arabia initiated its response plan early, and all sectors and agencies worked in an integrated way to combat the disease. It has maintained proper communication during the pandemic and ensured community involvement, epidemiologic surveillance, and activation of rapid response teams. The COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected daily lives. Schools and daycares were closed, education was online, traveling stopped, work was suspended, gathering in social activities and practicing religious rituals, like praying or doing Umrah or Hajj, were banded. Changing lifestyles as a response to COVID-19 impacted whole communities with different categories of children, parents, and families. Women usually take the majority of daily responsibilities. The sudden change in lifestyle during COVID-19 put pressure on mothers, especially those who are working to balance work and family obligations. This study aims to identify the impact of Coronavirus disease 2019 on working mothers in Saudi Arabia. Method: Data of the study was collected through survey posted on social media and analyzed through Excel. It focuses on five aspects: health, lifestyle, social relations, work production and financial status. Our target population was working mothers in Saudi Arabia aged at least 25 years. Results: In this study, all factors affected working mothers categorized under two groups: Social Economic Status and Work suspension. For Social Economic Status factors, we find five factors which are monthly income, main breadwinner, number of children at school age, type of housing, and type of work. Almost all mothers include spiritual activities to their routine to cope with stress during this period. About half of our sample have negative impact on their mental health because they are the main breadwinner, and mothers with a smaller number of children at school age have more challenges to cope up. We found that mothers who own a house or work at governmental sector have better outcome of health. After analyzing data related to Work suspension, we found that mothers who have work support have better management for life circumstances, however their health outcomes were negatively affected. In addition, mothers working at education sector have the highest positive impact among other sectors. Our data shows that working mothers’ abilities to follow up with their children decreased. This study recommends that there is need to invest more in working mothers’ research and supportive programs and ensure collaboration globally to address working mothers’ needs and share experiences.
文摘This study reviewed a combination of health care programs in the metropolitan area of Syracuse, New York. They were designed to improve care, however a major purpose was to support efficiency. The study described a number of individual programs that were developed in order to improve the quality and the efficiency of care. These programs were implemented by a combination of local providers and payors. They included the development of outpatient services such as ambulatory surgery, as well as preventive care, case management, telemedicine, and mental health. The impact of these programs was a combination of these services, rather than individual efforts. The impact of these efforts was the product of a range of individual services, especially care management. Additional efforts should make it possible to extend these efforts among providers and payors in the Syracuse area. This approach should make it possible to extend the impact of health care efficiency further.
文摘This study reviewed developments in provider utilization related to health care in the metropolitan area of the Syracuse hospitals between the twentieth century and the twenty first century with respect to major hospital services. In this study, a decline in the utilization of inpatient hospitals developed between 2020 and 2022. During this period, use of additional outpatient services such as ambulatory surgery, individual practitioners, outside hospitals, and the use of hospital emergency departments developed in the community. The study data demonstrated that between 2020 and 2022, the numbers of discharges from the combined hospitals declined for both adult medicine and adult surgery. Inpatient discharges declined by 2730 patients for adult medicine and 1961 patients for adult surgery. The data also demonstrated that between 2022 and 2024, the numbers of discharges increased by 1998 discharges for adult medicine and by 229 for adult surgery. As followup to this study, health care providers and payors should review approaches to efficiency in their communities and evaluate their impact on health care efficiency.
基金The authors would like to express their sincere appreciation to the research project of CNPC Geophysical Key Lab(2022DQ0604-4)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42074141).
文摘Low-frequency vibroseis acquisition has become a routine operation in land seismic surveys,given the advantages of low-frequency signals in characterizing geological structures and enhancing the imaging of deep exploration targets.The two key points of low-frequency sweep design techniques include controlling the distortion and improving the output energy during the low-frequency stage.However,the vibrators are limited by the maximum fl ow provided by the hydraulic systems at the low-frequency stage,causing difficulty in satisfying exploration energy requirements.Initially,a theoretical analysis of the low-frequency acquisition performance of vibrators is conducted.A theoretical maximum output force below 10 Hz is obtained by guiding through theoretical formulas and combining actual vibrator parameters.Then,the signal is optimized according to the surface characteristics of the operation area.Finally,detailed application quality control and operational procedures are established.The new low-frequency sweep design method has overcome the maximum flow limitations of the hydraulic system,increased the low-frequency energy,and achieved broadband acquisition.The designed signal has been tested and applied on various types of ground surfaces in the Middle East desert region,yielding good performance.The proposed low-frequency sweep design method holds considerable value for the application of conventional vibroseis in low-frequency acquisition.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 22075130 and 21875102)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
文摘Solid-state electrolytes are considered to be the vital part of the next-generation solid-state batteries(SSBs),due to their high safety and long operation life span.However,the two major factors that impede the expected performance of batteries are:the easy formation of lithium dendrites due to the concentration gradient of anions,and the low ionic conductivity at room temperature,which prevents reaching ideal electrochemical performance.Single-ion quasi-solid-state electrolytes(SIQSSEs)could provide higher safety and energy density,owing to absence of anion concentration gradient and solvent,as well as good lithium-ion transport ability.The porous covalent organic frameworks(COFs)are beneficial for con-structing appropriate lithium-ion transport pathway,due to the ordered 1D channel.In addition,the boroxine COFs(COF-5)offers strong ability of withdrawing anion part of lithium salt.Last but not the least,boron atom could play the role of coordinate site due to its electron deficiency.These advantages afford an opportunity to obtain a SIQSSE with high ionic conductivity and high lithium transference number(LTN)simultaneously.The COF-5 based SIQSSEs delivered a high ionic conductivity of 6.3×10^(-4)S·cm^(-1),with a high LTN of 0.92 and a wide electrochemical stable window(ESW)of 4.7 V at room temperature.The LiFePO4(LFP)/Li cells,which was assembled with COF-5 based SIQSSE,exhibited outstanding long cycle stability,high initial capacity and favorable rate performance.The results indicated COFs could be an ideal material for single-ion solid-state electrolytes in next-generation batteries.
基金supported by the Guangdong high level Innovation Research Institute(Grant No.2021B0909050006).
文摘Because of their remarkable properties,room-temperature ionic liquids(RTILs)are used widely in electrochemistry,fuel cells,supercapacitors,and even DNA sequencing,and many of these applications involve the transport of RTILs in nanoscale media.Particularly for single-molecule detection,the RTIL must be mixed with a solvent(e.g.,water)so that the electrolyte has both high viscosity and conductivity to obtain excellent signals.If a RTIL contains a quantity of water in bulk,this has a significant effect on its properties(e.g.,the electrochemical window),thereby limiting some applications.However,the physicochemical properties of RTILs containing water in nanoconfined spaces remain unclear,especially their ionic transport behavior.Therefore,reported here is a study of the ionic transport behavior of mixed RTIL/water solutions at the nanoscale using a single conical nanochannel as a nanofluidic platform.The conductivity of the mixtures in the nanoconfined space was closely related to the nanochannel size,and highly diluted mixed solutions resulted in a nonlinear rectificationreversed current,which was possibly due to the adsorption of cations on the nanochannel wall.The maximum rectification ratio was 114,showing excellent rectification that could be used to realize newly conceptualized nanofluidic diodes.In summary,this work provides an exhaustive understanding of the nonlinear ion transport of RTIL/water mixtures and a theoretical foundation for applying RTILs in energy storage and conversion and bio-sensing.
基金funded by the Key Science and Technology Project of Transportation Industry(2022-ZD6-090)Xinjiang Transportation Science and Technology Project(2022-ZD-006)+1 种基金Xinjiang Transportation Investment 2021"Unveiling the List of Commander-in-Chief"Science and Technology Project(ZKXFWCG2022060004)the Science and Technology Research and Development Project(KY2022021501)of Xinjiang Transportation Design Institute。
文摘In this study,avalanches in the Aerxiangou section of the Duku Expressway in the Tianshan Mountain area of Xinjiang were taken as the research object,and 92 avalanches were accurately identified through onsite research.A high-resolution three-dimensional model was established by collecting images from unmanned aerial vehicles for an in-depth understanding of the avalanche danger of the region,according to the sample set selection of different uses of machine learning support vector machines to establish the S1-RBFKSVM,S1-PKSVM,S2-RBFKSVM,and S2-PKSVM avalanche susceptibility coupling models.On the basis of the avalanche point susceptibility,the impact velocity,impact force,avalanche volume,and throw distance constitute the hazard evaluation system.The study results revealed that slopes in the range of 26.6°–46.9°are more prone to avalanches,and sample set 2 improved the accuracy by approximately 30%compared with sample set 1 trained in the avalanche susceptibility model.Principal component analysis revealed a total of 16 high-risk avalanches,which were distributed mainly on the southern side of the route.This study provides data support for avalanche simulations as well as early warning and prevention and provides theoretical and methodological guidance for the construction and operation of the Duku Expressway.
基金This study is part of the RECOLLECT 2 programme,a five-year(2020-2025)project funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research,which investigates the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of recovery colleges.
文摘Background Recovery colleges (RCs) support personal recovery through education, skill development and social support for people with mental health problems, carers and staff. Guided by co-production and adult learning principles, RCs represent a recent mental health innovation. Since the first RC opened in England in 2009, RCs have expanded to 28 countries and territories. However, most RC research has been conducted in Western countries with similar cultural characteristics, limiting understanding of how RCs can be culturally adapted. The 12-item Recovery Colleges Characterisation and Testing (RECOLLECT) Fidelity Measure (RFM) evaluates the operational fidelity of RCs based on 12 components, but cultural influences on these components remain underexplored.Aims To assess associations between Hofstede’s cultural dimensions and RFM items to identify cultural influences on fidelity components.Methods A cross-sectional survey of RC managers was conducted across all 221 RCs. Mixed-effects regression models examined associations between Hofstede’s country-level cultural dimensions and item-level RFM scores, adjusted for healthcare expenditure and income inequality. Four cultural dimensions, obtained from Hofstede, were analysed: individualism (prioritising personal needs), indulgence (enjoyment-oriented), uncertainty avoidance (preference for predictability) and long-term orientation (future-focused).Results The RFM was completed by 169 (76%) RC managers. Seven RFM items showed associations with cultural dimensions. Equality was linked to short-term orientation, while learning was associated with individualism and uncertainty avoidance. Both individualism and indulgence influenced co-production and community focus. Commitment to recovery was shaped by all four cultural dimensions, with the strongest associations seen for individualism and indulgence. Individualism enhanced explicit focus on strengths-based practice, while uncertainty avoidance influenced course distinctiveness.Conclusions This study demonstrates how culture shapes RC fidelity components, providing actionable insights for cultural adaptation. Incorporating under-represented dimensions, such as collectivism and restraint, could improve the RFM’s global applicability, facilitating implementation. Future research should explore cultural nuances, engage diverse stakeholders and refine fidelity measures to enhance RC inclusivity and effectiveness worldwide.
文摘It is currently known that colorectal cancers(CRC) arise from 3 different pathways: the adenoma to carcinoma chromosomal instability pathway(50%-70%); the mutator "Lynch syndrome" route(3%-5%); and the serrated pathway(30%-35%). The World Health Organization has classified serrated polyps into three types of lesions: hyperplastic polyps(HP),sessile serrated adenomas/polyps(SSA/P) and traditional serrated adenomas(TSA),the latter two strongly associated with development of CRCs. HPs do not cause cancer and TSAs are rare. SSA/P appear to be the responsible precursor lesion for the development of cancers through the serrated pathway. Both HPs and SSA/Ps appear morphologically similar. SSA/P are difficult to detect. The margins are normally inconspicuous. En bloc resection of these polyps can hence be troublesome. A careful examination of borders,submucosal injection of a dye solution(for larger lesions) and resection of a rim of normal tissue around the lesion may ensure total eradication of these lesions.
文摘In April 2013, the US Chinese Anti-Cancer Association (USCACA) held its 5th annual meeting in conjunction with the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) 2013 Annual Meeting in Washington DC. The USCACA executive committee reported activities and programs and highlighted the partnership and collaboration between USCACA and other major organizations. The key initiatives and programs of USCACA included 1) USCACA-TIGM Esophageal Cancer Program that funds translational research of esophageal cancer prevention and treatment at the Xinxiang Medical University in Henan province, China; 2) the USCACA-NFCR-AFCR Scholarship Program, which has supported 10 young outstanding Chinese cancer researchers and will award 4 fellowships at the Guangzhou International Symposium on Oncology in November this year; 3) USCACA-Hengrui Training Program for Early Phase Clinical Research, which has supported the training of a Chinese scholar at two major cancer centers in the US; and 4) USCACA has continued its partnership with the Chinese Journal of Cancer, which has reached significant international impact.
文摘To meet people＇s needs in daily life, production, and recreation, city infrastructure including a wide variety of structures, such as stores, factories, office buildings, houses, roads, and pipelines, have been built. The rapid growth of urban populations, along with people＇s pursuit of a better life, have led to a greater demand for buses, railways, airways, cars, and subways; to larger scales of production, logistics, transportation, and waste; and to the estab- lishment of service facilities, such as mails, banks, sewage treat- ment facilities, telecommunication infrastructures, data centers,
基金supported by Teledyne Scientific&Imaging(TS&I),Internal Research and Development(IR&D)and approved for public release under TSI-PP-17-08
文摘This works presents the first fully validated and predictive capability to model the V_0-V_(100) probabilistic penetration response of a woven fabric using a yarn-level fabric finite element model. The V_0-V_(100) curve describes the probability of complete fabric penetration as a function of projectile impact velocity. The exemplar case considered in this paper comprises of a single-layer, fully-clamped, plain-weave Kevlar fabric impacted at the center by a 17-gr, 0.22 cal FSP or fragment-simulating projectile. Each warp and fill yarn in the fabric is individually modeled using 3 D finite elements and the virtual fabric microstructure is validated in detail against the experimental fabric microstructure. Material and testing sources of statistical variability including yarn strength and modulus, inter-yarn friction, precise projectile impact location, and projectile rotation are mapped into the finite element model. A series of impact simulations at varying projectile impact velocities is executed using LS-DYNA on the fabric models, with each model comprising unique mappings. The impact velocities together with the outcomes(penetration, nonpenetration) are used to generate the numerical V_0-V_(100) curve which is then validated against the experimental V_0-V_(100) curve. The numerical Vi-Vrdata(impact, residual velocities) is also validated against the experimental Vi-Vrdata. For completeness, this paper also reports the experimental characterization data and its statistical analysis used for model input, viz. the Kevlar yarn tensile strengths, moduli, and inter-yarn friction, and the experimental ballistic test data used for model validation.
文摘The current health system in China has evolved by embracing both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. China is the only country in the world where the number of doctors is larger than the number of nurses but education programmes for other health professions like physical therapy have been slow to develop. In the case of physical therapy it was not until China won the bid for the Olympic Games that permission to establish the first physical therapy programme was granted. Since then China has undergone a period of rapid economic growth enabling many people to have a higher standard of living and improved health, but at the same time the country is faced with massive urbanization, industrialization, increasing environmental health threats, increased health disparities and an aging population. With the support of the Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine, an increased investment by the Government in public health and rehabilitation and engagement of international education experts, entry-level education programmes for physical therapy have started to develop and there are now nine which are modeled, at least to some extent, on the World Confederation for Physical Therapy's international guidelines. The paper explores the development of physical therapy education in China and discusses possible options for the way forward so that as the demand for physical therapy to service 1.4 billion people grows, the profession is prepared and the standards expected of the entrylevel physical therapist will not be compromised.
文摘The high Zoige Basin （Ruoergai Plateau） on the eastern Tibetan Plateau is a fault depression formed during intensive uplifting of the Tibetan Plateau. The wetland is globally important in biodiversity and is composed of marshes, bogs, fens, wet meadows and shallow water interspersed with low hills and sub-alpine meadows. Most of the Zoige wetlands have long been one of the most important grazing lands in China. Recent rangeland policy has allowed grazing, and usable wetland areas have been being legally allocated to individuals or groups of households on a long-term lease basis. Privatizafion of the wetland has impacted the Zoige wetlands in aspects of hydrologic condition, landscape and biodiversity. The uneven spatial distribution of water resources onprivatelands has led to the practice of extracting ground water, which has decreased the perched water table in Zoige. Fencing off the rangelands and grazing on expanding sand dunes have affected landscapes. Variation in the water table has led to the changes in vegetation diversity, resulting in the changes in wildlife and aquatic diversities and ecosystem processes. Making use all year round of the pasture that was previously grazed only in summer has shrunk the daily activity space of wildlife, and the newly erected fences blocked the movement of wild animals looking for food in the snow to lower and open areas. To maintain the favorable conditions of the Zoige wetland ecosystem, the author suggests that, in addition to biophysical research and implementation of conservation practices, there is an immediate need to initiate an integrated management program, increase public awareness of wetland functions and provide better training for the local conservation staff.
