Porcine epidemic diarrhea,a highly contagious enteric infectious disease caused by the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus(PEDV)with symptoms of vomit,diarrhea,loss of appetite of suckling pig,has led to serious economic ...Porcine epidemic diarrhea,a highly contagious enteric infectious disease caused by the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus(PEDV)with symptoms of vomit,diarrhea,loss of appetite of suckling pig,has led to serious economic loss to the global swine industry.In this study,a real-time fluorescence reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification(RT-LAMP)assay was developed to detect PEDV RNA.The real-time fluorescence RT-LAMP assay was performed at62℃for 60 min,using a simple and portable device,the ESE-Quant Tube Scanner.The detection limit of RNA was 2.9×10^(6) copies/μl,10 times as sensitive as RT-PCR,and the detection was specific only to PEDV.Application of this method to clinical samples yielded a positivity rate of 93%,which was higher than that of RT-PCR.This technique saves time and is efficient,and is thus expected to be useful for the diagnosis of PEDV infection in the field.展开更多
Animal husbandry is an important way to increase farmers' income, and it also has a vital impact on the overall development level of agricultural economy. In recent years, under the background of rapid social and ...Animal husbandry is an important way to increase farmers' income, and it also has a vital impact on the overall development level of agricultural economy. In recent years, under the background of rapid social and economic development, animal husbandry has made great progress in continuous upgrading and adjustment. In recent years, under the background of rapid socio-economic development, animal husbandry has made great progress with continuous upgrading and adjustment, and the scale of animal husbandry is expanding day by day, which more effectively ensures the output and quality of animal husbandry products. However, in the development of animal husbandry, animal epidemic prevention work of animal husbandry and veterinary medicine can not be separated from strong support, and animal epidemic prevention work plays an irreplaceable role in the development of animal husbandry. However, at present, there are still some problems and deficiencies in animal epidemic prevention work at grass-roots level, which affect the effective promotion of animal husbandry work. Based on this, this paper discusses the animal epidemic prevention work of grass-roots animal husbandry and veterinary.展开更多
Introduction-Objective: COVID-19 is a highly transmissible but often mild viral infection. However, some patients can present severe COVID-19 and subsequently die. The aim of the present study was to assess the risk f...Introduction-Objective: COVID-19 is a highly transmissible but often mild viral infection. However, some patients can present severe COVID-19 and subsequently die. The aim of the present study was to assess the risk factors for COVID-19 related death during the first three waves of the disease at the Epidemic Treatment Center (ETC) of Dakar Principal Hospital (DPH). Method: We conducted a descriptive and analytical perspective survival study from April 4, 2020 to September 25, 2021, including adult patients with COVID-19, hospitalized at the ETC of DPH. Log Rank test and multivariate Cox model were performed to identify risk factors for death. Results: We included 556 COVID-19 patients with mean age of 57 ± 17 years and a male-to-female ratio of 1.26. The number of deaths during one month of follow-up was 41, representing a cumulative risk of 7.4%. The log Rank test showed that being from the third wave (p = 0.0056), advanced age (p = 0.00098), presence of at least one comorbidity (p = 0.034), High blood pressure (p = 0.024), d-dimer level ≥ 1000 IU/L (p Conclusion: Our study showed that elderly and third-wave of COVID-19 patients were more at risk to die. Knowledge of risk factors for COVID-19 related death could improve the prognosis of these patients.展开更多
Introduction: 2019 coronavirus disease, also known as COVID-19, is a highly contagious respiratory disease, rapidly expanding, caused by a new human coronavirus (SARS-COV-2). COVID-19, the main public health problem i...Introduction: 2019 coronavirus disease, also known as COVID-19, is a highly contagious respiratory disease, rapidly expanding, caused by a new human coronavirus (SARS-COV-2). COVID-19, the main public health problem in Benin since March 2020, is marked by its impact on morbidity and mortality, and its significant socio-economic consequences worldwide. When associated with comorbidity, it can be fatal for the patient. The aim of this work is to study the profile of patients infected with the new coronavirus and presenting one or more associated comorbidities in Benin’s CTEs. Method: This study was carried out in the three (03) CTEs of Benin. It was a retrospective and descriptive study on patients infected with the new coronavirus and presenting at least one associated comorbidity over 11-month period from August 2020 to June 2021. We carried out a thorough recruitment of all patients who tested positive by PCR and were admitted to these centers, presenting at least one comorbidity and whose records were more or less complete during the study period. Results: Out of 819 hospitalized patients during the study period, 516 patients had at least one comorbidity. The hospital prevalence of COVID cases associated with comorbidities in the care centers was 63%. The male gender predominated (57.75%), with a sex ratio (M/F) of 1.37. The over-60 age group was the most represented (49.80%). Comorbidities were dominated respectively by arterial hypertension (68.60%), diabetes (40.31%), obesity (11.05%) and chronic renal failure (7.75%). The symptomatology was polymorphous, but respectively dominated by asthenia (57.56%), fever (51.55%), dyspnea (45.93%) and cough (45.16%). Patient treatment was based on two protocols: one using chloroquine and the other using antiretrovirals (ARVs). The progression was favorable for 76.74% of patients. Conclusion: It is therefore important to reinforce the means of combating comorbidities, in particular hypertension, diabetes, obesity, HIV and chronic renal failure. A particular attention must be paid to the old individuals.展开更多
Introduction: SARS-COV-2 infection is a real public health challenge for the World Health Organization and for our country. It is responsible for numerous hematological abnormalities in infected patients. Objectives: ...Introduction: SARS-COV-2 infection is a real public health challenge for the World Health Organization and for our country. It is responsible for numerous hematological abnormalities in infected patients. Objectives: To describe the haemogram abnormalities in patients infected with SARS-COV-2 and to determine which ones are associated with death. Material and Method: We conducted a retrospective, descriptive, analytical, cross-sectional study from March 2020 to September 2021. The study included all patients hospitalized with RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19 who performed a blood count. We evaluated the blood count profile, the pathologies found and the associated blood count abnormalities. Results: A total of 263 patients were included. The mean age of the patients was 63.77 years (range 12 - 90 years). The male sex represented 54.75% (n = 144) while the female sex was 45.25% (n = 119) (sex ratio = 1.21). The most common pathologies were: diabetes: 30.03% (n = 79), high blood pressure: 41.04% (n = 108), and Chronic kidney disease: 7.98 (n = 21). The abnormalities of the haemogram found were essential: anaemia 28.13% (n = 121), hyperleukocytosis with neutrophilic predominance: 29.3% (126), lymphopenia: 34.41% (n = 148), thrombocytopenia: 8.16% (n = 35). The search for hematological factors associated with death in patients showed a significant difference between hyperleukocytosis (p = 0.000) and lymphopenia (p = 0.0001). Conclusion: SARS-COV-2 disease was a mortality factor when associated with lymphopenia and hyperleukocytosis in our series.展开更多
Background Patients infected with the alpha,beta,and delta strains of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)usually exhibit fever,dry cough,nasal congestion,sore throat,loss of taste or smell,runny nose,conjunctivitis,fat...Background Patients infected with the alpha,beta,and delta strains of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)usually exhibit fever,dry cough,nasal congestion,sore throat,loss of taste or smell,runny nose,conjunctivitis,fatigue,myalgia,diarrhea,and other symptoms,[1]while patients infected with the omicron strain present mild symptoms,including nasal discharge,sore throat,sneezing,headache,and cough.[2]Some patients deliberately conceal the relevant medical history,which makes it difficult to find in the pre-examination screening in outpatient or emer-gency departments.Outpatient and emergency buildings are usually linked to each other,and some older floors are poorly ventilated.Once patients with COVID-19 see a doctor in an out-patient or emergency building,especially patients infected with the omicron strain,an outbreak of the epidemic in a large area is easily possible.展开更多
While a healthy lifestyle is known to reduce the risk of stroke,the extent to which blood pressure(BP)mediates this association remains unclear.The present study aimed to quantify the mediating role of BP in the assoc...While a healthy lifestyle is known to reduce the risk of stroke,the extent to which blood pressure(BP)mediates this association remains unclear.The present study aimed to quantify the mediating role of BP in the association between combined lifestyle factors and stroke incidence.Using data from 51929 participants free of major cardiovascular diseases or cancer at baseline,we employed structural equation modeling to assess the mediating effects of systolic(SBP)and diastolic(DBP)blood pressure.During the follow-up,2811 incident stroke cases were identified.A healthy lifestyle was significantly associated with a reduced risk of stroke,with SBP mediating 44.70%(β=-0.0014,95%confidence interval[CI]:-0.0016 to-0.0012)and DBP mediating 37.81%(β=-0.0012,95%CI:-0.0015 to-0.0009)of this association.The mediating effects were attenuated but remained significant for ischemic stroke(SBP:33.21%;DBP:27.24%).In conclusion,approximately two-fifths of the protective association between a healthy lifestyle and stroke may be mediated by BP.These findings suggest that BP control may serve as an important early indicator for evaluating the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions in reducing stroke risk.展开更多
Background:This study provides a detailed analysis of the daily fluctuations in coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)case numbers in London from January 31,2020 to February 24,2022.The primary objective was to enhance un...Background:This study provides a detailed analysis of the daily fluctuations in coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)case numbers in London from January 31,2020 to February 24,2022.The primary objective was to enhance understanding of the interactions among government pandemic responses,viral mutations,and the subsequent changes in COVID-19 case incidences.Methods:We employed the adaptive Fourier decomposition(AFD)method to analyze diurnal changes and further segmented the AFD into novel multi-component groups consisting of one to three elements.These restructured components were rigorously evaluated using Pearson correlation,and their effectiveness was compared with other signal analysis techniques.This study introduced a novel approach to differentiate individual components across various time-frequency scales using basis decomposition methods.Results:Analysis of London’s daily COVID-19 data using AFD revealed a strong correlation between the“stay at home”directive and high-frequency components during the first epidemic wave.This indicates the need for sustained implementation of vaccination policies to maintain their effectiveness.Discussion:The AFD component method provides a comprehensive analysis of the immediate and prolonged impact of governmental policies on the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).This robust tool has proven invaluable for analyzing COVID-19 pandemic data,offering critical insights that guide the formulation of future preventive and public health strategies.展开更多
The sustainable development of aquaculture industry is deeply constrained by pathogens and diseases,and traditional detection methods are difficult to adapt to the needs of intensive aquaculture due to low efficiency ...The sustainable development of aquaculture industry is deeply constrained by pathogens and diseases,and traditional detection methods are difficult to adapt to the needs of intensive aquaculture due to low efficiency and insufficient sensitivity.This article reviews the progress of rapid detection technology for aquatic pathogens based on molecular biology,immunology,biosensors,etc.,and analyzes the application value of innovative methods such as isothermal amplification and CRISPR.This technology injects core momentum into the new quality productivity of fisheries through early and precise identification of pathogens:reducing aquaculture losses to improve resource efficiency,promoting the transformation of aquaculture models to data-driven,ensuring the safety of aquatic products to enhance the competitiveness of the industry chain.The current technology has shortcomings such as lagging standardization,weak on-site anti-interference ability,and insufficient recognition of new pathogens.In the future,we need to focus on technological integration and innovation,intelligent upgrading,and standardization construction,promote technology from laboratories to industrial applications,and provide continuous support for the high-quality development of fisheries.展开更多
Apicomplexan parasites predominantly generate ATP and lactic acid through glycolysis and anaerobic glucose metabolism,incorporating CO_(2) into glycolysis via a stage-dependent phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase(PEPC)mec...Apicomplexan parasites predominantly generate ATP and lactic acid through glycolysis and anaerobic glucose metabolism,incorporating CO_(2) into glycolysis via a stage-dependent phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase(PEPC)mechanism.Although the role of PEPC in plant and bacterial carbon fixation is well documented,its function within Babesia remains largely unexplored.This study employs reverse genetics to probe the biological role of PEPC in Babesia gibsoni,noting its conservation across similar protozoa,suggesting a pivotal and conserved biological function.Western blotting and immunofluorescence(IFA)experiments using the BgPEPC-3×Flag strain revealed that the BgPEPC protein has a molecular weight of 105 kDa and localizes predominantly to the cytoplasm.Attempts to knock out the PEPC gene in BgPEPC-3×Flag strains failed under standard media conditions,succeeded only with the addition of 5 mM malate,an upstream metabolite of oxaloacetic acid(OAA).In addition to malate,the downstream metabolite of OAA can also partially compensate for the phenotypic defects caused by PEPC deficiency.This intervention alleviated severe growth deficits,underscoring the critical role of aspartate in the parasite lifecycle.Moreover,metabolic inhibitors such as L-cycloserine and triazamidine,which target aspartate aminotransferase and mitochondrial functions,respectively,demonstrated increased efficacy against BgPEPC knockout strains.The lack of a compensatory response to malic acid supplementation underscores the integral role of BgPEPC in intermediary carbon metabolism and its necessity in providing aspartate as a precursor to pyrimidine synthesis.Collectively,these findings suggest that PEPC could be a potential target for future drug development against B.gibsoni infections.展开更多
Emerging evidence highlights the role of thyroid hormones in cancer,although findings are controversial.Research on thyroid-related traits in lung carcinogenesis is limited.Using UK Biobank data,we performed bidirecti...Emerging evidence highlights the role of thyroid hormones in cancer,although findings are controversial.Research on thyroid-related traits in lung carcinogenesis is limited.Using UK Biobank data,we performed bidirectional Mendelian randomization(MR)to assess causal associations between lung cancer risk and thyroid dysfunction(hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism)or functional traits(free thyroxine[FT4]and normal-range thyroid-stimulating hormone[TSH]).Furthermore,in the smoking-behavior-stratified MR analysis,we evaluated the mediating effect of thyroid-related phenotypes on the association between smoking behaviors and lung cancer.We demonstrated significant associations between lung cancer risk and hypothyroidism(hazard ratio[HR]=1.14,95%confidence interval[CI]=1.03–1.26,P=0.009)and hyperthyroidism(HR=1.55,95%CI=1.29–1.87,P=1.90×10^(-6))in the UKB.Moreover,the MR analysis indicated a causal effect of thyroid dysfunction on lung cancer risk(ORinverse variance weighted[IVW]=1.09,95%CI=1.05–1.13,P=3.12×10^(-6)for hypothyroidism;ORIVW=1.08,95%CI=1.04–1.12,P=8.14×10^(-5)for hyperthyroidism).We found that FT4 levels were protective against lung cancer risk(ORIVW=0.93,95%CI=0.87–0.99,P=0.030).Additionally,the stratified MR analysis demonstrated distinct causal effects of thyroid dysfunction on lung cancer risk among smokers.Hyperthyroidism mediated the effect of smoking behaviors,especially the age of smoking initiation(17.66%mediated),on lung cancer risk.Thus,thyroid dysfunction phenotypes play causal roles in lung cancer development exclusively among smokers and act as mediators in the causal pathway from smoking to lung cancer.展开更多
Global framework for nature management requires identifying areas of high priority for biodiversity conservation and restoration.The unique environments of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau(QXP) provide irreplaceable habitats fo...Global framework for nature management requires identifying areas of high priority for biodiversity conservation and restoration.The unique environments of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau(QXP) provide irreplaceable habitats for biodiversity which is prominent under future climate change.Despite the recent increase in research interest on conservation priorities,there is a lack of comprehensive and targeted protection strategies for pandemic species under climate change.Here,we compiled an exhaustive dataset with the variables of extinction risk and occurrence records of ectothermic lizards to investigate the conservation priorities in the QXP.We assessed the conservation status of the QXP lizards and identified the priority protected areas within the QXP under future climate scenarios using phylogenetic generalized least squares and ensemble species distribution models.Our analyses suggested nine lizard species to be prioritized for protection,with the most critical priority species being Dopasia gracilis,D.harti,and Phrynocephalus putjatai.Moreover,the priority protected areas covered~4.7%area of the QXP,mostly in the southern QXP and southeastern Hengduan Mountains.Protecting these regions would achieve a conservation effectiveness of≥95%for species richness,phylogenetic and functionaldiversity under climate change.Our findings provide realistic guidance for improving the conservation effectiveness of specific-lizard and-regions in the QXP under climate change.Our“bottom-up”approach could help the conservation efforts of other regions and species as an alternative to“top-down”global maps.展开更多
Animal adaptation to environmental challenges is a complex process involving intricate interactions between the host genotype and gut microbiome composition.The gut microbiome,highly responsive to external environment...Animal adaptation to environmental challenges is a complex process involving intricate interactions between the host genotype and gut microbiome composition.The gut microbiome,highly responsive to external environmental factors,plays a crucial role in host adaptability and may facilitate local adaptation within species.Concurrently,the genetic background of host populations influences gut microbiome composition,highlighting the bidirectional relationship between host and microbiome.Despite this,our understanding of gut microbiome plasticity and its role in host adaptability remains limited,particularly in reptiles.To clarify this issue,we conducted a reciprocal translocation experiment with gravid females of the Qinghai toad-headed lizards(Phrynocephalus vlangalii)between high-altitude(2?600 m a.s.l.)and superhigh-altitude(3?600 m a.s.l.)environments on Dangjin Mountain of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,China.One year later,we assessed the phenotypes and gut microbiomes of their offspring.Results revealed significant plasticity in gut microbiome diversity and structure in response to contrasting elevations.Highaltitude conditions increased diversity,and maternal effects appeared to enable high-altitude lizards to maintain elevated diversity when exposed to superhigh-altitude environments.Additionally,superhigh-altitude lizards displayed distinct gut microbiome structures with notable host specificity,potentially linked to their lower growth rates.Overall,these findings underscore the importance of the gut microbiome in facilitating reptilian adaptation to rapid environmental changes across altitudinal gradients.Furthermore,this study provides critical insights into microbial mechanisms underpinning local adaptation and adaptative plasticity,offering a foundation for future research on host-microbiome interactions in evolutionary and ecological contexts.展开更多
Objectives:This study aimed to clarify the short-term symptoms,duration,and influencing factors in people recovering from coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)after China’s dynamic zero-COVID-19 policy was implemented i...Objectives:This study aimed to clarify the short-term symptoms,duration,and influencing factors in people recovering from coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)after China’s dynamic zero-COVID-19 policy was implemented in December 2022.Methods:We included data from a large-scale on-line survey conducted in China between January 14 and February 1,2023.Participants were individuals of all ages.Chi-squared tests and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with different symptoms.Results:Overall,21,012 patients from seven regions of China were included in this study(female:71.22%).For most patients,the period from symptom onset to a negative nucleic acid test result was≤10 days(72.33%).The distribution of symptoms varied at different times,with respiratory(1-4 weeks)and psychocardiology(5-8 weeks)symptoms being the most common.Multivariate analysis identified male sex,no comorbidity,and living in northeast and northwest China(compared with central China)as independent factors associated with a lower risk of symptoms,while age(41-60 years)was a possible risk factor(compared with 18-40 years).Conclusions:Short-term respiratory and psychocardiology symptoms were the most common after COVID-19 recovery.Sex,age,geographical region,and comorbidities were potential influencing factors for the development of short-term symptoms.展开更多
Dear Editor,Since 2024,the clade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza(HPAI)H5N1 viruses have been identified in dairy cattle in the United States,raising global concerns about public health(Neumann and Kawaoka,2...Dear Editor,Since 2024,the clade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza(HPAI)H5N1 viruses have been identified in dairy cattle in the United States,raising global concerns about public health(Neumann and Kawaoka,2024).As of December 18,2024,the U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC)has reported over 61 confirmed cases of H5N1 infection in humans,predominantly associated with exposure to infected poultry or dairy cattle(U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,2024).Notably,the circulating 2.3.4.4b H5N1 clade has demonstrated continuous evolution in both wild and domestic birds globally,with expanding mammalian host tropism that now includes swine,cats,red foxes,harbor seals,and skunks(Peacock et al.,2024).These viruses have not only incurred substantial economic impacts but also posed dual threats to human health and ecological stability particularly during co-infections with other viruses(Abolnik,2024;Wang and Wang,2023).展开更多
The aim of the work is the comparison of the epidemiology of influenza and acute respiratory virus infections (ARVI) in the Republic of Kazakhstan with the corresponding influenza epidemic in Russia induced by influen...The aim of the work is the comparison of the epidemiology of influenza and acute respiratory virus infections (ARVI) in the Republic of Kazakhstan with the corresponding influenza epidemic in Russia induced by influenza pandemic virus A/California/07/2009 in 2009.Data on influenza and ARVI from the Republic of Kazakhstan and Federal Center of influenza was collected and investigated over the course of several weeks from hospitalized patients with the same diagnosis among all population and in age groups on 16 territories of Kazakhstan and in 49 major cities of Russia.The epidemic in Kazakhstan resembled the Russian epidemic in terms of its abnormally early beginning,expression of monoaetiology,the spread of the epidemic into all territories and start of the epidemics among adult population.High percentage of hospitalized people and lethal outcome were registered in this epidemic.Similarity of epidemic process character in corresponding border-line territories of both countries was found out.展开更多
The development of ovarian follicular cells is controlled by multiple circulating and local hormones and factors, including follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH） and epidermal growth factor （EGF）. In this study, the ...The development of ovarian follicular cells is controlled by multiple circulating and local hormones and factors, including follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH） and epidermal growth factor （EGF）. In this study, the stagespecific effect of EGF on FSH-induced proliferation of granulosa cells was evaluated in the ovarian follicles of egg-laying chickens. Results showed that EGF and its receptor （EGFR） mRNAs displayed a high expression in granulosa cells from the prehierarchical follicles, including the large white follicle （LWF） and small yellow follicle （SYF）, and thereafter the expression decreased markedly to the stage of the largest preovulatory follicle. SYF represents a turning point of EGF/EGFR mRNA expression during follicle selection. Subsequently the granulosa cells from SYF were cultured to reveal the mediation of EGF in FSH action. Cell proliferation was remarkably increased by treatment with either EGF or FSH （0.1-100 ng/ml）. This result was confirmed by elevated proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PCNA） expression and decreased cell apoptosis. Furthermore, EGF-induced cell proliferation was accompanied by increased mRNA expressions of EGFR, FSH receptor, and the cell cycle-regulating genes （cyclins D1 and El, cyclin-dependent kinases 2 and 6） as well as decreased expression of luteinizing hormone receptor mRNA. However, the EGF or FSH-elicited effect was reversed by simultaneous treatment with an EGFR inhibitor AG1478. In conclusion, EGF and EGFR expressions manifested stage-specific changes during follicular development and EGF mediated FSH-induced cell proliferation and retarded cell differentiation in the prehierarchical follicles. These expressions thus stimulated follicular growth before selection in the egg-laying chicken.展开更多
[Objective] The paper was to investigate effects of pelleted total mixed ration on production performance and serum biochemical index of growing Hainan black goats.[Method] Twenty-four growing Hainan black goats with ...[Objective] The paper was to investigate effects of pelleted total mixed ration on production performance and serum biochemical index of growing Hainan black goats.[Method] Twenty-four growing Hainan black goats with the same genetic backgrounds and similar initial weight of(10.05±0.049) kg were randomly assigned into two treatments, and supplied with Juncao + concentrate(control group), pelleted total mixed ration(experimental group), respectively. The trial lasted 50 d.[Result] The final weight, daily gain and feed intake of experimental group were significantly higher than those of control group(P<0.05), but the feed/gain ratio of experimental group was markedly lower than that of control group(P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the gross profit of experimental group significantly increased( P <0.05).[Conclusion] Pelleted total mixed ration led to better production performance of growing Hainan black goat.展开更多
The study was conducted to investigate the effects of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) on embryonic chicken ovarian germ cell proliferation and its possible involvements of protein kinases A (PKA) and C (PKC) pathwa...The study was conducted to investigate the effects of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) on embryonic chicken ovarian germ cell proliferation and its possible involvements of protein kinases A (PKA) and C (PKC) pathways.Ovarian cells were treated with FSH alone or in the presence of forskolin (FRSK),PKA inhibitor (H89),PKC activator (PMA) or inhibitor (H7).The germ cell number was counted from micropictures.The immunocytochemistry of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was applied to identify the proliferating cells.The germ cell labeling index (LI) was determined for cell proliferation.The FSH treatment increased the germ cell number,and this stimulating effect was enhanced by FRSK or PMA,but inhibited by H89 or H7 in a dose-dependent manner.Moreover,the PCNA-LI showed parallel changes with germ cell numbers.This study suggests that FSH may stimulate proliferation of cultured chicken ovarian germ cells by activation of both the PKA and PKC signaling pathways.展开更多
Turbulence characteristics of an atmospheric surface layer over a coastal mountain area were investigated under different coordinate frames. Performances of three methods of coordinate rotation： double rotation （DR...Turbulence characteristics of an atmospheric surface layer over a coastal mountain area were investigated under different coordinate frames. Performances of three methods of coordinate rotation： double rotation （DR）, triple rotation （TR）, and classic planar-fit rotation （PF） were examined in terms of correction of eddy covariance flux. Using the commonly used DR and TR methods, unreasonable rotation angles are encountered at low wind speeds and cause significant run-to-run errors of some turbulence characteristics. The PF method rotates the coordinate system to an ensemble-averaged plane, and shows large tilt error due to an inaccurate fit plane over variable terrain slopes. In this paper, we propose another coordinate rotation scheme. The observational data were separated into two groups according to wind direction. The PF method was adapted to find an ensemble-averaged streamline plane for each group of hourly runs with wind speed exceeding 1.0 m s-1. Then, the coordinate systems were rotated to their respective best- fit planes for all available hourly observations. We call this the PF10 method. The implications of tilt corrections for the turbulence characteristics are discussed with a focus on integral turbulence characteristics, the spectra of wind-velocity components, and sensible heat and momentum fluxes under various atmospheric stabilities. Our results show that the adapted application of PF provides greatly improved estimates of integral turbulence characteristics in complex terrain and maintains data quality. The comparisons of the sensible heat fluxes for four coordinate rotation methods to fluxes before correction indicate that the PF10 scheme is the best to preserve consistency between fluxes.展开更多
基金Supported by Science and Technology Research Project of Universities in Hebei Province,China(QN2014220)
文摘Porcine epidemic diarrhea,a highly contagious enteric infectious disease caused by the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus(PEDV)with symptoms of vomit,diarrhea,loss of appetite of suckling pig,has led to serious economic loss to the global swine industry.In this study,a real-time fluorescence reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification(RT-LAMP)assay was developed to detect PEDV RNA.The real-time fluorescence RT-LAMP assay was performed at62℃for 60 min,using a simple and portable device,the ESE-Quant Tube Scanner.The detection limit of RNA was 2.9×10^(6) copies/μl,10 times as sensitive as RT-PCR,and the detection was specific only to PEDV.Application of this method to clinical samples yielded a positivity rate of 93%,which was higher than that of RT-PCR.This technique saves time and is efficient,and is thus expected to be useful for the diagnosis of PEDV infection in the field.
文摘Animal husbandry is an important way to increase farmers' income, and it also has a vital impact on the overall development level of agricultural economy. In recent years, under the background of rapid social and economic development, animal husbandry has made great progress in continuous upgrading and adjustment. In recent years, under the background of rapid socio-economic development, animal husbandry has made great progress with continuous upgrading and adjustment, and the scale of animal husbandry is expanding day by day, which more effectively ensures the output and quality of animal husbandry products. However, in the development of animal husbandry, animal epidemic prevention work of animal husbandry and veterinary medicine can not be separated from strong support, and animal epidemic prevention work plays an irreplaceable role in the development of animal husbandry. However, at present, there are still some problems and deficiencies in animal epidemic prevention work at grass-roots level, which affect the effective promotion of animal husbandry work. Based on this, this paper discusses the animal epidemic prevention work of grass-roots animal husbandry and veterinary.
文摘Introduction-Objective: COVID-19 is a highly transmissible but often mild viral infection. However, some patients can present severe COVID-19 and subsequently die. The aim of the present study was to assess the risk factors for COVID-19 related death during the first three waves of the disease at the Epidemic Treatment Center (ETC) of Dakar Principal Hospital (DPH). Method: We conducted a descriptive and analytical perspective survival study from April 4, 2020 to September 25, 2021, including adult patients with COVID-19, hospitalized at the ETC of DPH. Log Rank test and multivariate Cox model were performed to identify risk factors for death. Results: We included 556 COVID-19 patients with mean age of 57 ± 17 years and a male-to-female ratio of 1.26. The number of deaths during one month of follow-up was 41, representing a cumulative risk of 7.4%. The log Rank test showed that being from the third wave (p = 0.0056), advanced age (p = 0.00098), presence of at least one comorbidity (p = 0.034), High blood pressure (p = 0.024), d-dimer level ≥ 1000 IU/L (p Conclusion: Our study showed that elderly and third-wave of COVID-19 patients were more at risk to die. Knowledge of risk factors for COVID-19 related death could improve the prognosis of these patients.
文摘Introduction: 2019 coronavirus disease, also known as COVID-19, is a highly contagious respiratory disease, rapidly expanding, caused by a new human coronavirus (SARS-COV-2). COVID-19, the main public health problem in Benin since March 2020, is marked by its impact on morbidity and mortality, and its significant socio-economic consequences worldwide. When associated with comorbidity, it can be fatal for the patient. The aim of this work is to study the profile of patients infected with the new coronavirus and presenting one or more associated comorbidities in Benin’s CTEs. Method: This study was carried out in the three (03) CTEs of Benin. It was a retrospective and descriptive study on patients infected with the new coronavirus and presenting at least one associated comorbidity over 11-month period from August 2020 to June 2021. We carried out a thorough recruitment of all patients who tested positive by PCR and were admitted to these centers, presenting at least one comorbidity and whose records were more or less complete during the study period. Results: Out of 819 hospitalized patients during the study period, 516 patients had at least one comorbidity. The hospital prevalence of COVID cases associated with comorbidities in the care centers was 63%. The male gender predominated (57.75%), with a sex ratio (M/F) of 1.37. The over-60 age group was the most represented (49.80%). Comorbidities were dominated respectively by arterial hypertension (68.60%), diabetes (40.31%), obesity (11.05%) and chronic renal failure (7.75%). The symptomatology was polymorphous, but respectively dominated by asthenia (57.56%), fever (51.55%), dyspnea (45.93%) and cough (45.16%). Patient treatment was based on two protocols: one using chloroquine and the other using antiretrovirals (ARVs). The progression was favorable for 76.74% of patients. Conclusion: It is therefore important to reinforce the means of combating comorbidities, in particular hypertension, diabetes, obesity, HIV and chronic renal failure. A particular attention must be paid to the old individuals.
文摘Introduction: SARS-COV-2 infection is a real public health challenge for the World Health Organization and for our country. It is responsible for numerous hematological abnormalities in infected patients. Objectives: To describe the haemogram abnormalities in patients infected with SARS-COV-2 and to determine which ones are associated with death. Material and Method: We conducted a retrospective, descriptive, analytical, cross-sectional study from March 2020 to September 2021. The study included all patients hospitalized with RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19 who performed a blood count. We evaluated the blood count profile, the pathologies found and the associated blood count abnormalities. Results: A total of 263 patients were included. The mean age of the patients was 63.77 years (range 12 - 90 years). The male sex represented 54.75% (n = 144) while the female sex was 45.25% (n = 119) (sex ratio = 1.21). The most common pathologies were: diabetes: 30.03% (n = 79), high blood pressure: 41.04% (n = 108), and Chronic kidney disease: 7.98 (n = 21). The abnormalities of the haemogram found were essential: anaemia 28.13% (n = 121), hyperleukocytosis with neutrophilic predominance: 29.3% (126), lymphopenia: 34.41% (n = 148), thrombocytopenia: 8.16% (n = 35). The search for hematological factors associated with death in patients showed a significant difference between hyperleukocytosis (p = 0.000) and lymphopenia (p = 0.0001). Conclusion: SARS-COV-2 disease was a mortality factor when associated with lymphopenia and hyperleukocytosis in our series.
基金This work was supported by grants from the Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen(Grant Number:SZSM20162011)the Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital Clinical Research Fund of Guangdong Province High-level Hospital Construction Project(Grant Numbers:20173357201815,20193357003,and 20203357014).
文摘Background Patients infected with the alpha,beta,and delta strains of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)usually exhibit fever,dry cough,nasal congestion,sore throat,loss of taste or smell,runny nose,conjunctivitis,fatigue,myalgia,diarrhea,and other symptoms,[1]while patients infected with the omicron strain present mild symptoms,including nasal discharge,sore throat,sneezing,headache,and cough.[2]Some patients deliberately conceal the relevant medical history,which makes it difficult to find in the pre-examination screening in outpatient or emer-gency departments.Outpatient and emergency buildings are usually linked to each other,and some older floors are poorly ventilated.Once patients with COVID-19 see a doctor in an out-patient or emergency building,especially patients infected with the omicron strain,an outbreak of the epidemic in a large area is easily possible.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82192900,82192901,82192904,81390540,and 91846303 to L.L.)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2016YFC0900500 to Y.G.)the Kadoorie Charitable Foundation in Hong Kong,and the Wellcome Trust in the UK(Grant/Award Nos.088158/Z/09/Z,104085/Z/14/Z,and 202922/Z/16/Z to Z.C.).
文摘While a healthy lifestyle is known to reduce the risk of stroke,the extent to which blood pressure(BP)mediates this association remains unclear.The present study aimed to quantify the mediating role of BP in the association between combined lifestyle factors and stroke incidence.Using data from 51929 participants free of major cardiovascular diseases or cancer at baseline,we employed structural equation modeling to assess the mediating effects of systolic(SBP)and diastolic(DBP)blood pressure.During the follow-up,2811 incident stroke cases were identified.A healthy lifestyle was significantly associated with a reduced risk of stroke,with SBP mediating 44.70%(β=-0.0014,95%confidence interval[CI]:-0.0016 to-0.0012)and DBP mediating 37.81%(β=-0.0012,95%CI:-0.0015 to-0.0009)of this association.The mediating effects were attenuated but remained significant for ischemic stroke(SBP:33.21%;DBP:27.24%).In conclusion,approximately two-fifths of the protective association between a healthy lifestyle and stroke may be mediated by BP.These findings suggest that BP control may serve as an important early indicator for evaluating the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions in reducing stroke risk.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou(2022B01W0003)the National Basic Research Priorities Program of China(2023YFC3041600,2023YFC3041800)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Development Fund of Macao SAR(005/2022/ALC)the self-supporting Program of Guangzhou Laboratory(SRPG22-007).
文摘Background:This study provides a detailed analysis of the daily fluctuations in coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)case numbers in London from January 31,2020 to February 24,2022.The primary objective was to enhance understanding of the interactions among government pandemic responses,viral mutations,and the subsequent changes in COVID-19 case incidences.Methods:We employed the adaptive Fourier decomposition(AFD)method to analyze diurnal changes and further segmented the AFD into novel multi-component groups consisting of one to three elements.These restructured components were rigorously evaluated using Pearson correlation,and their effectiveness was compared with other signal analysis techniques.This study introduced a novel approach to differentiate individual components across various time-frequency scales using basis decomposition methods.Results:Analysis of London’s daily COVID-19 data using AFD revealed a strong correlation between the“stay at home”directive and high-frequency components during the first epidemic wave.This indicates the need for sustained implementation of vaccination policies to maintain their effectiveness.Discussion:The AFD component method provides a comprehensive analysis of the immediate and prolonged impact of governmental policies on the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).This robust tool has proven invaluable for analyzing COVID-19 pandemic data,offering critical insights that guide the formulation of future preventive and public health strategies.
基金supported by the National Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System(CARS-45-33)Innovation Team of Tianjin Freshwater Aquaculture Industry Technology System(ITTFRS2021000-002,ITTFRS2021000-001)+1 种基金Tianjin Science and Technology Plan Project(24KPHDRC00280,24ZYCGSN00250,23YDTPJC00420)the Open Fund Project of Key Laboratory of Ocean Observation Technology,MNR(No.2023klootA03).
文摘The sustainable development of aquaculture industry is deeply constrained by pathogens and diseases,and traditional detection methods are difficult to adapt to the needs of intensive aquaculture due to low efficiency and insufficient sensitivity.This article reviews the progress of rapid detection technology for aquatic pathogens based on molecular biology,immunology,biosensors,etc.,and analyzes the application value of innovative methods such as isothermal amplification and CRISPR.This technology injects core momentum into the new quality productivity of fisheries through early and precise identification of pathogens:reducing aquaculture losses to improve resource efficiency,promoting the transformation of aquaculture models to data-driven,ensuring the safety of aquatic products to enhance the competitiveness of the industry chain.The current technology has shortcomings such as lagging standardization,weak on-site anti-interference ability,and insufficient recognition of new pathogens.In the future,we need to focus on technological integration and innovation,intelligent upgrading,and standardization construction,promote technology from laboratories to industrial applications,and provide continuous support for the high-quality development of fisheries.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32172879)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1801700 and 2022YFD1800200)the Top-notch Young Talent Supporting Program to Lan He.Additionally,funding was obtained from the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2662020DKPY016 and 2262022DKYJ001).
文摘Apicomplexan parasites predominantly generate ATP and lactic acid through glycolysis and anaerobic glucose metabolism,incorporating CO_(2) into glycolysis via a stage-dependent phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase(PEPC)mechanism.Although the role of PEPC in plant and bacterial carbon fixation is well documented,its function within Babesia remains largely unexplored.This study employs reverse genetics to probe the biological role of PEPC in Babesia gibsoni,noting its conservation across similar protozoa,suggesting a pivotal and conserved biological function.Western blotting and immunofluorescence(IFA)experiments using the BgPEPC-3×Flag strain revealed that the BgPEPC protein has a molecular weight of 105 kDa and localizes predominantly to the cytoplasm.Attempts to knock out the PEPC gene in BgPEPC-3×Flag strains failed under standard media conditions,succeeded only with the addition of 5 mM malate,an upstream metabolite of oxaloacetic acid(OAA).In addition to malate,the downstream metabolite of OAA can also partially compensate for the phenotypic defects caused by PEPC deficiency.This intervention alleviated severe growth deficits,underscoring the critical role of aspartate in the parasite lifecycle.Moreover,metabolic inhibitors such as L-cycloserine and triazamidine,which target aspartate aminotransferase and mitochondrial functions,respectively,demonstrated increased efficacy against BgPEPC knockout strains.The lack of a compensatory response to malic acid supplementation underscores the integral role of BgPEPC in intermediary carbon metabolism and its necessity in providing aspartate as a precursor to pyrimidine synthesis.Collectively,these findings suggest that PEPC could be a potential target for future drug development against B.gibsoni infections.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82220108002 to F.C.,82273737 to R.Z.,82473728 to Y.W.)the US National Institutes of Health(Grant Nos.CA209414,HL060710,ES000002 to D.C.C.,CA209414,CA249096 to Y.L.)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD).R.Z.was partially supported by the Qing Lan Project of the Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province and the Outstanding Young-Level Academic Leadership Training Program of Nanjing Medical University.
文摘Emerging evidence highlights the role of thyroid hormones in cancer,although findings are controversial.Research on thyroid-related traits in lung carcinogenesis is limited.Using UK Biobank data,we performed bidirectional Mendelian randomization(MR)to assess causal associations between lung cancer risk and thyroid dysfunction(hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism)or functional traits(free thyroxine[FT4]and normal-range thyroid-stimulating hormone[TSH]).Furthermore,in the smoking-behavior-stratified MR analysis,we evaluated the mediating effect of thyroid-related phenotypes on the association between smoking behaviors and lung cancer.We demonstrated significant associations between lung cancer risk and hypothyroidism(hazard ratio[HR]=1.14,95%confidence interval[CI]=1.03–1.26,P=0.009)and hyperthyroidism(HR=1.55,95%CI=1.29–1.87,P=1.90×10^(-6))in the UKB.Moreover,the MR analysis indicated a causal effect of thyroid dysfunction on lung cancer risk(ORinverse variance weighted[IVW]=1.09,95%CI=1.05–1.13,P=3.12×10^(-6)for hypothyroidism;ORIVW=1.08,95%CI=1.04–1.12,P=8.14×10^(-5)for hyperthyroidism).We found that FT4 levels were protective against lung cancer risk(ORIVW=0.93,95%CI=0.87–0.99,P=0.030).Additionally,the stratified MR analysis demonstrated distinct causal effects of thyroid dysfunction on lung cancer risk among smokers.Hyperthyroidism mediated the effect of smoking behaviors,especially the age of smoking initiation(17.66%mediated),on lung cancer risk.Thus,thyroid dysfunction phenotypes play causal roles in lung cancer development exclusively among smokers and act as mediators in the causal pathway from smoking to lung cancer.
基金supported by grants from the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA20050201)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31861143023,31872250 and 31872252)。
文摘Global framework for nature management requires identifying areas of high priority for biodiversity conservation and restoration.The unique environments of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau(QXP) provide irreplaceable habitats for biodiversity which is prominent under future climate change.Despite the recent increase in research interest on conservation priorities,there is a lack of comprehensive and targeted protection strategies for pandemic species under climate change.Here,we compiled an exhaustive dataset with the variables of extinction risk and occurrence records of ectothermic lizards to investigate the conservation priorities in the QXP.We assessed the conservation status of the QXP lizards and identified the priority protected areas within the QXP under future climate scenarios using phylogenetic generalized least squares and ensemble species distribution models.Our analyses suggested nine lizard species to be prioritized for protection,with the most critical priority species being Dopasia gracilis,D.harti,and Phrynocephalus putjatai.Moreover,the priority protected areas covered~4.7%area of the QXP,mostly in the southern QXP and southeastern Hengduan Mountains.Protecting these regions would achieve a conservation effectiveness of≥95%for species richness,phylogenetic and functionaldiversity under climate change.Our findings provide realistic guidance for improving the conservation effectiveness of specific-lizard and-regions in the QXP under climate change.Our“bottom-up”approach could help the conservation efforts of other regions and species as an alternative to“top-down”global maps.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31861143023,31872252)Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA20050201)。
文摘Animal adaptation to environmental challenges is a complex process involving intricate interactions between the host genotype and gut microbiome composition.The gut microbiome,highly responsive to external environmental factors,plays a crucial role in host adaptability and may facilitate local adaptation within species.Concurrently,the genetic background of host populations influences gut microbiome composition,highlighting the bidirectional relationship between host and microbiome.Despite this,our understanding of gut microbiome plasticity and its role in host adaptability remains limited,particularly in reptiles.To clarify this issue,we conducted a reciprocal translocation experiment with gravid females of the Qinghai toad-headed lizards(Phrynocephalus vlangalii)between high-altitude(2?600 m a.s.l.)and superhigh-altitude(3?600 m a.s.l.)environments on Dangjin Mountain of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,China.One year later,we assessed the phenotypes and gut microbiomes of their offspring.Results revealed significant plasticity in gut microbiome diversity and structure in response to contrasting elevations.Highaltitude conditions increased diversity,and maternal effects appeared to enable high-altitude lizards to maintain elevated diversity when exposed to superhigh-altitude environments.Additionally,superhigh-altitude lizards displayed distinct gut microbiome structures with notable host specificity,potentially linked to their lower growth rates.Overall,these findings underscore the importance of the gut microbiome in facilitating reptilian adaptation to rapid environmental changes across altitudinal gradients.Furthermore,this study provides critical insights into microbial mechanisms underpinning local adaptation and adaptative plasticity,offering a foundation for future research on host-microbiome interactions in evolutionary and ecological contexts.
基金funded by the Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China under 82305433,82305437.
文摘Objectives:This study aimed to clarify the short-term symptoms,duration,and influencing factors in people recovering from coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)after China’s dynamic zero-COVID-19 policy was implemented in December 2022.Methods:We included data from a large-scale on-line survey conducted in China between January 14 and February 1,2023.Participants were individuals of all ages.Chi-squared tests and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with different symptoms.Results:Overall,21,012 patients from seven regions of China were included in this study(female:71.22%).For most patients,the period from symptom onset to a negative nucleic acid test result was≤10 days(72.33%).The distribution of symptoms varied at different times,with respiratory(1-4 weeks)and psychocardiology(5-8 weeks)symptoms being the most common.Multivariate analysis identified male sex,no comorbidity,and living in northeast and northwest China(compared with central China)as independent factors associated with a lower risk of symptoms,while age(41-60 years)was a possible risk factor(compared with 18-40 years).Conclusions:Short-term respiratory and psychocardiology symptoms were the most common after COVID-19 recovery.Sex,age,geographical region,and comorbidities were potential influencing factors for the development of short-term symptoms.
文摘Dear Editor,Since 2024,the clade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza(HPAI)H5N1 viruses have been identified in dairy cattle in the United States,raising global concerns about public health(Neumann and Kawaoka,2024).As of December 18,2024,the U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC)has reported over 61 confirmed cases of H5N1 infection in humans,predominantly associated with exposure to infected poultry or dairy cattle(U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,2024).Notably,the circulating 2.3.4.4b H5N1 clade has demonstrated continuous evolution in both wild and domestic birds globally,with expanding mammalian host tropism that now includes swine,cats,red foxes,harbor seals,and skunks(Peacock et al.,2024).These viruses have not only incurred substantial economic impacts but also posed dual threats to human health and ecological stability particularly during co-infections with other viruses(Abolnik,2024;Wang and Wang,2023).
文摘The aim of the work is the comparison of the epidemiology of influenza and acute respiratory virus infections (ARVI) in the Republic of Kazakhstan with the corresponding influenza epidemic in Russia induced by influenza pandemic virus A/California/07/2009 in 2009.Data on influenza and ARVI from the Republic of Kazakhstan and Federal Center of influenza was collected and investigated over the course of several weeks from hospitalized patients with the same diagnosis among all population and in age groups on 16 territories of Kazakhstan and in 49 major cities of Russia.The epidemic in Kazakhstan resembled the Russian epidemic in terms of its abnormally early beginning,expression of monoaetiology,the spread of the epidemic into all territories and start of the epidemics among adult population.High percentage of hospitalized people and lethal outcome were registered in this epidemic.Similarity of epidemic process character in corresponding border-line territories of both countries was found out.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30871843)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation (No. Z3110115)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China
文摘The development of ovarian follicular cells is controlled by multiple circulating and local hormones and factors, including follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH） and epidermal growth factor （EGF）. In this study, the stagespecific effect of EGF on FSH-induced proliferation of granulosa cells was evaluated in the ovarian follicles of egg-laying chickens. Results showed that EGF and its receptor （EGFR） mRNAs displayed a high expression in granulosa cells from the prehierarchical follicles, including the large white follicle （LWF） and small yellow follicle （SYF）, and thereafter the expression decreased markedly to the stage of the largest preovulatory follicle. SYF represents a turning point of EGF/EGFR mRNA expression during follicle selection. Subsequently the granulosa cells from SYF were cultured to reveal the mediation of EGF in FSH action. Cell proliferation was remarkably increased by treatment with either EGF or FSH （0.1-100 ng/ml）. This result was confirmed by elevated proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PCNA） expression and decreased cell apoptosis. Furthermore, EGF-induced cell proliferation was accompanied by increased mRNA expressions of EGFR, FSH receptor, and the cell cycle-regulating genes （cyclins D1 and El, cyclin-dependent kinases 2 and 6） as well as decreased expression of luteinizing hormone receptor mRNA. However, the EGF or FSH-elicited effect was reversed by simultaneous treatment with an EGFR inhibitor AG1478. In conclusion, EGF and EGFR expressions manifested stage-specific changes during follicular development and EGF mediated FSH-induced cell proliferation and retarded cell differentiation in the prehierarchical follicles. These expressions thus stimulated follicular growth before selection in the egg-laying chicken.
基金Supported by Major Science and Technology Program of Hainan Province(ZDKJ2016017-01,ZDKJ2016017-03)
文摘[Objective] The paper was to investigate effects of pelleted total mixed ration on production performance and serum biochemical index of growing Hainan black goats.[Method] Twenty-four growing Hainan black goats with the same genetic backgrounds and similar initial weight of(10.05±0.049) kg were randomly assigned into two treatments, and supplied with Juncao + concentrate(control group), pelleted total mixed ration(experimental group), respectively. The trial lasted 50 d.[Result] The final weight, daily gain and feed intake of experimental group were significantly higher than those of control group(P<0.05), but the feed/gain ratio of experimental group was markedly lower than that of control group(P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the gross profit of experimental group significantly increased( P <0.05).[Conclusion] Pelleted total mixed ration led to better production performance of growing Hainan black goat.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30871843)the Key Project of the Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province, China (No. 2008C12050)
文摘The study was conducted to investigate the effects of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) on embryonic chicken ovarian germ cell proliferation and its possible involvements of protein kinases A (PKA) and C (PKC) pathways.Ovarian cells were treated with FSH alone or in the presence of forskolin (FRSK),PKA inhibitor (H89),PKC activator (PMA) or inhibitor (H7).The germ cell number was counted from micropictures.The immunocytochemistry of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was applied to identify the proliferating cells.The germ cell labeling index (LI) was determined for cell proliferation.The FSH treatment increased the germ cell number,and this stimulating effect was enhanced by FRSK or PMA,but inhibited by H89 or H7 in a dose-dependent manner.Moreover,the PCNA-LI showed parallel changes with germ cell numbers.This study suggests that FSH may stimulate proliferation of cultured chicken ovarian germ cells by activation of both the PKA and PKC signaling pathways.
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2007AA022201)the National Special Fund for Water(Grant No.2008ZX07103007)+1 种基金the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant Nos.2010CB428503 and 2011CB403406)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos. 40805006 and 41075012)
文摘Turbulence characteristics of an atmospheric surface layer over a coastal mountain area were investigated under different coordinate frames. Performances of three methods of coordinate rotation： double rotation （DR）, triple rotation （TR）, and classic planar-fit rotation （PF） were examined in terms of correction of eddy covariance flux. Using the commonly used DR and TR methods, unreasonable rotation angles are encountered at low wind speeds and cause significant run-to-run errors of some turbulence characteristics. The PF method rotates the coordinate system to an ensemble-averaged plane, and shows large tilt error due to an inaccurate fit plane over variable terrain slopes. In this paper, we propose another coordinate rotation scheme. The observational data were separated into two groups according to wind direction. The PF method was adapted to find an ensemble-averaged streamline plane for each group of hourly runs with wind speed exceeding 1.0 m s-1. Then, the coordinate systems were rotated to their respective best- fit planes for all available hourly observations. We call this the PF10 method. The implications of tilt corrections for the turbulence characteristics are discussed with a focus on integral turbulence characteristics, the spectra of wind-velocity components, and sensible heat and momentum fluxes under various atmospheric stabilities. Our results show that the adapted application of PF provides greatly improved estimates of integral turbulence characteristics in complex terrain and maintains data quality. The comparisons of the sensible heat fluxes for four coordinate rotation methods to fluxes before correction indicate that the PF10 scheme is the best to preserve consistency between fluxes.
