The integration of machine learning(ML)into geohazard assessment has successfully instigated a paradigm shift,leading to the production of models that possess a level of predictive accuracy previously considered unatt...The integration of machine learning(ML)into geohazard assessment has successfully instigated a paradigm shift,leading to the production of models that possess a level of predictive accuracy previously considered unattainable.However,the black-box nature of these systems presents a significant barrier,hindering their operational adoption,regulatory approval,and full scientific validation.This paper provides a systematic review and synthesis of the emerging field of explainable artificial intelligence(XAI)as applied to geohazard science(GeoXAI),a domain that aims to resolve the long-standing trade-off between model performance and interpretability.A rigorous synthesis of 87 foundational studies is used to map the intellectual and methodological contours of this rapidly expanding field.The analysis reveals that current research efforts are concentrated predominantly on landslide and flood assessment.Methodologically,tree-based ensembles and deep learning models dominate the literature,with SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)frequently adopted as the principal post-hoc explanation technique.More importantly,the review further documents how the role of XAI has shifted:rather than being used solely as a tool for interpreting models after training,it is increasingly integrated into the modeling cycle itself.Recent applications include its use in feature selection,adaptive sampling strategies,and model evaluation.The evidence also shows that GeoXAI extends beyond producing feature rankings.It reveals nonlinear thresholds and interaction effects that generate deeper mechanistic insights into hazard processes and mechanisms.Nevertheless,several key challenges remain unresolved within the field.These persistent issues are especially pronounced when considering the crucial necessity for interpretation stability,the demanding scholarly task of reliably distinguishing correlation from causation,and the development of appropriate methods for the treatment of complex spatio-temporal dynamics.展开更多
Controlling heavy metal pollution in agricultural soil has been a significant challenge.These heavy metals seriously threaten the surrounding ecological environment and human health.The effective assessment and remedi...Controlling heavy metal pollution in agricultural soil has been a significant challenge.These heavy metals seriously threaten the surrounding ecological environment and human health.The effective assessment and remediation of heavy metals in agricultural soils are crucial.These two aspects support each other,forming a close and complete decisionmaking chain.Therefore,this review systematically summarizes the distribution characteristics of soil heavy metal pollution,the correlation between soil and crop heavy metal contents,the presence pattern and migration and transformation mode of heavy metals in the soil-crop system.The advantages and disadvantages of the risk evaluation tools and models of heavy metal pollution in farmland are further outlined,which provides important guidance for an in-depth understanding of the characteristics of heavymetal pollution in farmland soils and the assessment of the environmental risk.Soil remediation strategies involve multiple physical,chemical,biological and even combined technologies,and this paper compares the potential and effect of the above current remediation technologies in heavy metal polluted farmland soils.Finally,the main problems and possible research directions of future heavy metal risk assessment and remediation technologies in agricultural soils are prospected.This review provides new ideas for effective assessment and selection of remediation technologies based on the characterization of soil heavy metals.展开更多
Persistent toxic substances(PTS)represent a paramount environmental issue in the 21st century.Understanding the concentrations and forms of PTS in the environment is crucial for accurately assessing their environmenta...Persistent toxic substances(PTS)represent a paramount environmental issue in the 21st century.Understanding the concentrations and forms of PTS in the environment is crucial for accurately assessing their environmental health impacts.This article presents a concise overview of the components of PTS,pertinent environmental regulations,and conventional detection methodologies.Additionally,we offer an in-depth review of the principles,development,and practical applications of surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)in environmental monitoring,emphasizing the advancements in detecting trace amounts of PTS in complex environmental matrices.Recent progress in enhancing SERS sensitivity,improving selectivity,and practical implementations are detailed,showcasing innovative materials and methods.Integrating SERS with advanced algorithms are highlighted as pivotal areas for future research.展开更多
The catalytic oxidation of HMF involves a cascading reaction with multiple intermediate products,making it crucial to enhance the oriented adsorption capacity of specific functional groups for accelerating the entire ...The catalytic oxidation of HMF involves a cascading reaction with multiple intermediate products,making it crucial to enhance the oriented adsorption capacity of specific functional groups for accelerating the entire process.To achieve the efficient selective oxidation of HMF to FDCA,a series of NiCo_(2)O_(4)catalysts with different morphologies,such as flaky,echinoids,pompon and corolla,were prepared and characterized by XRD,SEM,TEM,BET,XPS,and FTIR.Among the four catalysts,flaky NiCo_(2)O_(4)exhibited the most excellent catalytic activity and stability,with a FDCA yield of 60.1%within 12 h at 80℃without alkali participation.The excellent performance of flaky NiCo_(2)O_(4)catalyst is attributed to the oxygen vacancies and acid sites generated by the exposed(400)facets.The oxygen vacancies and acid sites on the catalyst surface can precisely adsorb-CHO and-CH_(2)-OH of HMF,respectively,and this synergistic effect promotes the efficient production of FDCA.This work is of great significance for fundamentally study the effect of micro-topography or crystal-plane reaction properties on surfaces.展开更多
Abandoned mines,especially pyrite-rich ones,release acid mine drainage(AMD)with high acidity and excessive amounts of heavy metals,threatening regional ecosystems.Six samples of mine drainage,nine samples of surface w...Abandoned mines,especially pyrite-rich ones,release acid mine drainage(AMD)with high acidity and excessive amounts of heavy metals,threatening regional ecosystems.Six samples of mine drainage,nine samples of surface water,and twelve samples of sediment were analyzed in this case study of the Dashu pyrite mine in southwest China.A comprehensive analysis of the pollution levels,pollution sources,and potential hazards of eight metals(Ni,Cd,Cu,Zn,Fe,Al,Pb,and Mn)that exceeded regulatory standardswas conducted bymonitoring 24 conventional and characteristic indicators.Ultimately,this research evaluated the environmental hazards associated with abandonedmine water using the"pressure-response"model,thereby providing valuable insights for the effective protection of the environment in mining regions.The primary pollutants in mine water were determined to be SO_(4)^(2−),Fe,and Mn,with concentrations of 7700,1450,and 6.78mg/L,respectively.A clear"source-sink"dynamic was observed between themine water and the surrounding water system.surface water was primarily polluted by Ni and Mn,while water system sediments were primarily polluted by Cu and Hg.Ion ratio and Pearson correlation analyses indicated heavy metals in surface water and sediments originated from the same AMD source.The"pressureresponse"model was used to assess the environmental hazards of water from abandoned mines.Mines W1,W2,W5,and W6 were classified as high-risk,while W3 and W4 were medium-risk.This study offers a novel approach and valuable reference for identifying and classifying environmental risks in abandoned mines and targeting AMD treatment.展开更多
As an emerging environmental contaminant,antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)in tap water have attracted great attention.Although studies have provided ARG profiles in tap water,research on their abundance levels,composi...As an emerging environmental contaminant,antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)in tap water have attracted great attention.Although studies have provided ARG profiles in tap water,research on their abundance levels,composition characteristics,and potential threat is still insufficient.Here,9 household tap water samples were collected from the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area(GBA)in China.Additionally,75 sets of environmental sample data(9 types)were downloaded from the public database.Metagenomics was then performed to explore the differences in the abundance and composition of ARGs.221 ARG subtypes consisting of 17 types were detected in tap water.Although the ARG abundance in tap water was not significantly different from that found in drinking water plants and reservoirs,their composition varied.In tap water samples,the three most abundant classes of resistance genes were multidrug,fosfomycin and MLS(macrolide-lincosamidestreptogramin)ARGs,and their corresponding subtypes ompR,fosX and macB were also the most abundant ARG subtypes.Regarding the potential mobility,vanS had the highest abundance on plasmids and viruses,but the absence of key genes rendered resistance to vancomycin ineffective.Generally,the majority of ARGs present in tap water were those that have not been assessed and are currently not listed as high-threat level ARG families based on the World Health Organization Guideline.Although the current potential threat to human health posed by ARGs in tap water is limited,with persistent transfer and accumulation,especially in pathogens,the potential danger to human health posed by ARGs should not be ignored.展开更多
Obtaining the sulfonamides(SAs)concentrations in the water body and sediment bulk was a prerequisite to reveal their transport and partitioning behavior in sediment-water environments and accurately assess their ecolo...Obtaining the sulfonamides(SAs)concentrations in the water body and sediment bulk was a prerequisite to reveal their transport and partitioning behavior in sediment-water environments and accurately assess their ecological risk.In the present study,the influences of multifactor interactions on the performance of o-DGTs with XAD-18 binding gels were analyzed by central combination experiments and response surfaces analysis,in which the target compounds were 9 SAs.The results indicated that dissolved organic matter(DOM),pH,and suspended particulate matter(SS)had significant effects on the o-DGT sampling,whereas this o-DGT was independent of the ionic strength(IS).Concentning the composite influence of the four factors,the interaction between DOM and SS posed the most significant effect on all 9 SAs compounds.Subsequently,an o-DGT and DIFSmodel was applied to explore the SAs migration between the water-sediments interface.The difference between desorption rate(k_(b))and adsorption rates(k_(f))values suggested that the kinetics of SAs was dominated by adsorption.Moreover,the short-term sediment-water partitioning of SAs was clarified on the basis of distribution coefficient(K_(dl))for the labile SAs,among which the sulfadiazine(SDZ)had the largest labile pool.The ability of sediments to release SAs to the liquid phase as a sink was determined by response time(T_(c)).Among the 9 SAs,the longterm release of soseulfamethoxypyridazine(SMP)from the solid phase of sediments would have a potential risk to the aquatic environment,to which more attention should be paid in the future.展开更多
The growing presence of emerging pollutants in the environment has led to a focus on developing new treatment technologies to address the limitations of traditional methods.Recent advancements in combining photocataly...The growing presence of emerging pollutants in the environment has led to a focus on developing new treatment technologies to address the limitations of traditional methods.Recent advancements in combining photocatalysis with biodegradation for pollutant treatment have garnered significant attention.This is due to the rapid and uncontrolled chemical reactions in single photocatalytic processes,which often result in the buildup of harmful by-products and over-oxidation residues.Additionally,relying solely on biodegradation is challenging for breaking down emerging pollutants that possess high concentrations and intricate structures.Therefore,the intimately coupled photocatalysis and biodegradation(ICPB)systems,along with the photocatalytic microbial fuel cells(PMFCs),as a new approach to treat pollutants.These systems combine the benefits of biodegradation and photocatalytic reactions,providing cost-effective,eco-friendly,and sustainable solutions with significant promise.In order to demonstrate the ICPB system and the PMFCs system as rational options for pollutant removal,the mechanisms of pollutant degradation by the two systems have been analyzed in depth,and recent advances in photocatalysts,biofilms,and carriers/configurations in the two systems have been summarized.Furthermore,the practical applications of the ICPB system versus the PMFCs system for pollutant removal are also summarized and highlighted.This review further points out the current limitations,such as photocatalytic materials that are still challenging in terms of commercial viability for practical applications,and looks forward to the prospects of the ICPB system versus the PMFCs system for the treatment of pollutants to promote practical applications.展开更多
Most studies have shown that oxygen vacancies on Ce_(x)Zr_(1-x)O_(2) solid solution are important for enhancing the catalytic oxidation performance.However,a handful of studies investigated the different roles of surf...Most studies have shown that oxygen vacancies on Ce_(x)Zr_(1-x)O_(2) solid solution are important for enhancing the catalytic oxidation performance.However,a handful of studies investigated the different roles of surface and subsurface oxygen vacancies on the performance and mechanisms of catalysts.Herein,a series of zirconium doping on CeO_(2) samples(CeO_(2),Ce_(0.95)Zr_(0.05)O_(2),and Ce_(0.8)5Zr_(0.15)O_(2))with various surface-to-subsurface oxygen vacancies ratios have been synthesized and applied in toluene catalytic oxidation.The obtained Ce_(0.95)Zr_(0.05)O_(2) exhibits an excellent catalytic performance with a 90%toluene conversion at 295℃,which is 68℃lower than that of CeO_(2).Additionally,the obtained Ce_(0.95)Zr_(0.05)O_(2)catalyst also exhibited good catalytic stability and water resistance.The XRD and HRTEM results show that Zr ions are incorporated into CeO_(2) lattice,forming Ce_(x)Zr_(1-x)O_(2) solid solution.Temperature-programmed experiments reveal that Ce_(0.95)Zr_(0.05)O_(2) shows excellent lowtemperature reducibility and abundant surface oxygen species.In-situ DRIFTS tests were used to probe the reaction mechanism,and the function of Zr doping in promoting the activation of oxygen was further determined.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations indicate that the vacancy formation energy and O_(2) adsorption energy are both lower on Ce_(0.95)Zr_(0.05)O_(2),confirming the reason for its superior catalytic performance.展开更多
The burgeoning growth in electric vehicles and portable energy storage systems necessitates advances in the energy density and cost-effectiveness of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),areas where lithium-rich manganese-based...The burgeoning growth in electric vehicles and portable energy storage systems necessitates advances in the energy density and cost-effectiveness of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),areas where lithium-rich manganese-based oxide(LLO)materials naturally stand out.Despite their inherent advantages,these materials encounter significant practical hurdles,including low initial Coulombic efficiency(ICE),diminished cycle/rate performance,and voltage fading during cycling,hindering their widespread adoption.In response,we introduce an ionic-electronic dual-conductive(IEDC)surface control strategy that integrates an electronically conductive graphene framework with an ionically conductive heteroepitaxial spinel Li_(4)Mn_(5)O_(12)layer.Prolonged electrochemical and structural analyses demonstrate that this IEDC heterostructure effectively minimizes polarization,mitigates structural distortion,and enhances electronic/ionic diffusion.Density functional theory calculations highlight an extensive Li^(+)percolation network and lower Li^(+)migration energies at the layered-spinel interface.The designed LLO cathode with IEDC interface engineering(LMOSG)exhibits improved ICE(82.9%at 0.1 C),elevated initial discharge capacity(296.7 mAh g^(-1)at 0.1 C),exceptional rate capability(176.5 mAh g^(-1)at 5 C),and outstanding cycle stability(73.7%retention at 5 C after 500 cycles).These findings and the novel dual-conductive surface architecture design offer promising directions for advancing highperformance electrode materials.展开更多
Dissolved organic matter(DOM)in rivers plays a key role in the global carbon cycle and aquatic ecosystems,yet its spatiotemporal dynamics across complex terrains remains inadequately characterized.To address this gap,...Dissolved organic matter(DOM)in rivers plays a key role in the global carbon cycle and aquatic ecosystems,yet its spatiotemporal dynamics across complex terrains remains inadequately characterized.To address this gap,we conducted seasonal sampling along the Luan River and examined how DOM composition varies over space and time in response to environmental drivers.Using parallel factor analysis(PARAFAC),we identified two humic-like components(C1+C2,Em>380 nm)and one protein-like component(C3,Em<380 nm).DOM fluorescence intensity was lowest in winter,while C1 and C3 levels peaked in autumn and C2 in summer(p<0.05).Spatially,C1 and C3 levels were highest downstream regions,whereas C2 peaked in the midstream section(p<0.05).Microbial sources dominated DOM in spring,winter,and in both headwater and downstream areas(FI>1.9).Principal coordinates analysis(PCoA)combined with multi-response permutation process(MRPP)confirmed significant spatiotemporal differences in DOM composition(p<0.05).Random forest modeling showed humic-like components were more sensitive to environmental changes.Redundancy analysis(RDA)and Mantel tests identified temperature as the dominant seasonal driver of DOM variation(p<0.05),while dissolved total phosphorus(DTP)and nitrate nitrogen(NO_(3)^(-)-N)were the key spatial determinants.Significant correlations were also observed between NO_(3)^(-)-N and ammonium nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N),as well as between DTP and DOM,suggesting shared origins and compositional linkages(p<0.05).Our findings highlight the pronounced seasonal and spatial heterogeneity of DOM in multi-terrain river systems,offering valuable insights into carbon dynamics and ecosystem functioning in river systems.展开更多
Since scarce knowledge of soil mercury(Hg)concentrations and risks in the vulnerable Xinjiang,topsoils(0-15 cm)from its typical landscapes were extensively sampled.Topsoil total mercury(THg)concentrations varied broad...Since scarce knowledge of soil mercury(Hg)concentrations and risks in the vulnerable Xinjiang,topsoils(0-15 cm)from its typical landscapes were extensively sampled.Topsoil total mercury(THg)concentrations varied broadly between 0.9 and 35.3 ng/g,of which16.8%exceeded the background value of soil Hg for Xinjiang.Topsoil THg concentrations across various landscapes exhibited a declining order:farmland(11.7±6.0 ng/g)>grassland(10.5±8.5 ng/g)>woodland(10.2±8.2 ng/g)>desert(7.0±5.8 ng/g).The average topsoil THg concentration was higher in northwestern Xinjiang(11.3±7.2 ng/g)than that in southeastern Xinjiang(6.3±6.1 ng/g).Relatively high topsoil THg concentrations were observed near the cities with intensive human activities,followed by a gradual decline to the surroundings.The concentrations of topsoil THg were strongly correlated with the contents of total organic carbon(TOC),clay,silty,and sandy,and the distance from each sampling site to its nearest city,suggesting that the variation of topsoil Hg was significantly influenced by TOC content,soil granularity,and anthropogenic Hg emissions.Silty and TOC were the principal affecting factors,explaining 48.7%and 7.9%of the THg variation,respectively.The contamination and potential ecological risk evaluations revealed that topsoils in regions with dense populations were polluted with Hg and contained higher potential ecological risks.The health risk evaluations indicated that exposure risks of topsoil Hg were higher for children than those for adults.Fortunately,topsoil Hg posed acceptable risks to human health.展开更多
Rare earth elements are highly applicable in photocatalysis due to their partially filled 4f orbitals,existing in electronic structures that facilitate the transfer of electrons during the reaction process.Among these...Rare earth elements are highly applicable in photocatalysis due to their partially filled 4f orbitals,existing in electronic structures that facilitate the transfer of electrons during the reaction process.Among these materials,CeO_(2)has a distinctive external electronic structure(4f^(1)5d^(1)6s^(2)),abundant oxygen vacancies,and strong conversion ability of Ce^(4+)/Ce^(3+),which makes it an attractive candidate in the field of photocatalysis.To broaden its practical applications in the visible region,the drawbacks of a wide band gap and a slow Ce^(4+)/Ce^(3+)cycle have been addressed through the modification of CeO_(2),thereby accelerating light absorption and self-circulation,and enhancing photocatalytic activity.This paper presents a review of the preparation of modified CeO_(2)catalysts and their application in the conversion of cerium valence state in the photocatalytic degradation of pollutants in water.Furthermore,this paper presents a summary of the most recent development and current challenges,as well as prospect for the application of modified CeO_(2)-based materials.展开更多
Exploiting advanced nanocomposites isochronally integrating outstanding thermal conductivity(TC)and electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness(EMI SE)can boost the cutting-edge application of phase change ma...Exploiting advanced nanocomposites isochronally integrating outstanding thermal conductivity(TC)and electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness(EMI SE)can boost the cutting-edge application of phase change materials.Here,we report a tiramisu-like composite(GMP),where the typical“crust-and-cheese”hierarchical structure is replicated by an innovative two-step bidirectional freezing assembly(BFA)and compressive densification.Hierarchical-aligned graphene array(G-GA)with ultralow thermal resistance is fabricated through 1st BFA and graphitization.During the 2nd BFA,the MXene-CNF crosslinking network with hydrogen-bond actions is used for encapsulating polyethylene glycol(PEG)onto the microlayers of the G-GA skeleton.Remarkably,the microlaminated GMP4 achieves a recorded TC of 34.05 W m^(-1) K^(-1),unprecedented EMI SE of 87.4 dB,and preferable enthalpy density of 179.4 J cm^(-3),along with leakage-free function,and eminent thermal durability.Furthermore,the GMP-loaded equipment is demonstrated for efficient microelectronics cooling and sustainable solar energy utilization.This work opens new avenues for multiscale designing multifunctional macro-composites,broadening the application prospects in advanced electronics and solar energy utilization systems.展开更多
Reservoirs play a critical role in addressing water resources challenges.However,their vertical influence on the assembly mechanisms of different microbial communities,including prokaryotes and eukaryotes,remains uncl...Reservoirs play a critical role in addressing water resources challenges.However,their vertical influence on the assembly mechanisms of different microbial communities,including prokaryotes and eukaryotes,remains unclear.This study examined the vertical diversity patterns of abundant and rare subcommunities of prokaryotes and eukaryotes in an urban reservoir,using water depth as a geographical gradient and employing high-throughput sequencing.The impact of vertical environmental heterogeneity on community structure was quantified,and key drivers of these dynamics were identified.The results indicated that the urban reservoir exhibited statistically significant differences in the vertical distribution of water temperature and oxidation/reduction potential.The a-diversity of the abundant subcommunity displayed an opposing vertical pattern compared to that of the rare subcommunity,while the b-diversity for both subcommunities of prokaryotes and eukaryotes increased with water depth.Moreover,the distinct diversity patterns of abundant and rare subcommunities were associated with environmental heterogeneity and species adaptability.Notably,the b-diversity of the rare subcommunity of eukaryotes was primarily driven by species turnover in surface water,whereas nestedness became the dominant factor in deeper water.Furthermore,eukaryotic microbes exhibited a more pronounced response to changes in water depth than prokaryotes,consistent with the importance of heterogeneous selection to the eukaryotic community.Water temperature significantly affected the community composition of all groups,highlighting its importance in shaping community dynamics.This study provides valuable insights into the vertical distribution and assembly mechanisms of microbial communities in urban reservoirs,contributing to the protection and management of aquatic ecosystems under river regulation.展开更多
Ion-solvaing membranes(ISMs)have received extensive attention in recent years as a key component in electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices.This article provides an overview of structural composition,per...Ion-solvaing membranes(ISMs)have received extensive attention in recent years as a key component in electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices.This article provides an overview of structural composition,performance advan-tages,research progress,ion conduction mechanism and existing issues of ISMs,primarily classifying them according to the matrix structure.A detailed analysis of performance enhancement methods,key performance indicators of ISMs and performance influencing factors is also presented.The article contributes to further optimizing the design and application of ion-solvation membranes,providing theoretical support for the development of fields such as hydrogen production through electrolysis of water and electrochemical energy in the future.展开更多
Objective The study aim was to investigate the effects of exposure to multiple environmental organic pollutants on cardiopulmonary health with a focus on the potential mediating role of oxidative stress.Methods A repe...Objective The study aim was to investigate the effects of exposure to multiple environmental organic pollutants on cardiopulmonary health with a focus on the potential mediating role of oxidative stress.Methods A repeated-measures randomized crossover study involving healthy college students in Beijing was conducted. Biological samples, including morning urine and venous blood, were collected to measure concentrations of 29 typical organic pollutants, including hydroxy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(OH-PAHs), bisphenol A and its substitutes, phthalates and their metabolites, parabens,and five biomarkers of oxidative stress. Health assessments included blood pressure measurements and lung function indicators.Results Urinary concentrations of 2-hydroxyphenanthrene(2-OH-PHE)(β = 4.35% [95% confidence interval(CI): 0.85%, 7.97%]), 3-hydroxyphenanthrene(β = 3.44% [95% CI: 0.19%, 6.79%]), and 4-hydroxyphenanthrene(4-OH-PHE)(β = 5.78% [95% CI: 1.27%, 10.5%]) were significantly and positively associated with systolic blood pressure. Exposures to 1-hydroxypyrene(1-OH-PYR)(β = 3.05% [95% CI:-4.66%,-1.41%]), 2-OH-PHE(β = 2.68% [95% CI:-4%,-1.34%]), and 4-OH-PHE(β = 3% [95% CI:-4.68%,-1.29%]) were negatively associated with the ratio of forced expiratory volume in the first second to forced vital capacity. These findings highlight the adverse effects of exposure to multiple pollutants on cardiopulmonary health. Biomarkers of oxidative stress, including 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and extracellular superoxide dismutase, mediated the effects of multiple OH-PAHs on blood pressure and lung function.Conclusion Exposure to multiple organic pollutants can adversely affect cardiopulmonary health.Oxidative stress is a key mediator of the effects of OH-PAHs on blood pressure and lung function.展开更多
Nanofiltration(NF) technology,with its capacity for nanoscale filtration and controllable selectivity,holds significant promise in diverse applications.However,the current upper bound of permeance and selectivity of N...Nanofiltration(NF) technology,with its capacity for nanoscale filtration and controllable selectivity,holds significant promise in diverse applications.However,the current upper bound of permeance and selectivity of NF membranes is intrinsically constrained by the morphology and structure of the polyamide(PA) selective layer.This issue arises because NF membranes typically exhibit relatively smooth nodular structures,which theoretically impede efficient water transport.In this study,we enhanced the formation of nanobubbles by synergistically regulating with surfactant and low temperatures,resulting in the fabrication of PA NF membranes with a crumpled morphology.We observed that lower temperatures promote enhanced gas solubility in the aqueous phase,facilitating increased nanobubble formation through the foaming effect of surfactant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate(SDBS).Consequently,this resulted in the creation of PA NF membranes with more crumpled structures and superior performance,with pure water permeance reaching 36.25 ± 0.42 L m^(-2)h^(-1)bar^(-1),representing an improvement of 14.47 L m^(-2)h^(-1)bar^(-1)compared to the control group.Additionally,it maintains a high Na_(2)SO_(4) rejection rate of97.00 % ± 0.58 %.The PA NF membranes produced by eliminating nanobubbles and free interfaces exhibited a smooth structure,whereas introducing nanobubbles(through Na HCO_(3) addition,N_(2) pressurization,and ultrasonication) resulted in the formation of crumpled membranes.This emphasized that the large amount of nanobubbles generated by SDBS and low temperature in the interfacial process played a critical role in shaping crumpled PA NF membranes and enhancing membrane performance.This approach has the potential to provide valuable insights into customizing the structural design of TFC PA NF membranes,contributing to further advancements in this field.展开更多
The coexistence of emerging containments,such as antibiotic resistant bacteria(ARB),antibiotic-resistant genes(ARGs)and antibiotics,potentially influence elimination efficiencies in UV light-emitting diode(UV-LED)alon...The coexistence of emerging containments,such as antibiotic resistant bacteria(ARB),antibiotic-resistant genes(ARGs)and antibiotics,potentially influence elimination efficiencies in UV light-emitting diode(UV-LED)alone and UV-LED/H_(2)O_(2) system as their complex interactions.Tetracycline(TC)degradation efficiency(kF)correlated closely with its UV molar absorbance(R^(2)=0.831)in UV-LED alone system and with·OH yield(R^(2)=0.999)in UV-LED/H_(2)O_(2) system across studied wavelengths(265,280 and 310 nm).The kF values for intracellular DNA(i-ARGs)also exhibited a high correlation with UV-LED wavelengths in both systems(R^(2)=0.997-0.999).The coexistence of TC and ARB/ARGs resulted in a mutual inhibition of their degradation efficiencies due to competition for photons and·OH,along with the consequent reduction in intracellular ROS within ARB,with their degradation efficiencies exhibiting marked dependence on wavelength in both systems.Notably,the UV-LED/H_(2)O_(2) system at 265 nm effectively achieved the simultaneous removal of TC,ARB and ARGs with minimal energy consumption,and successfully fragmented ARGs.The degradation pathway of TC was analyzed,and the biotoxicity of its degradation intermediates demonstrated the environmental friendliness and safety of UV-LED/H_(2)O_(2) technology.This study elucidated the competitive interactions between antibiotics and ARB/ARGs within UV-LED/H_(2)O_(2) system,providing a promising approach for their simultaneous removal while ensuring energy efficiency.展开更多
A novel salt-tolerant aerobic denitrifying bacterium,Marinobacter sp.strain B108,was isolated from a marine recirculating aquaculture system(MRAS).The optimal aerobic denitrification parameters were CH_(3)COONa as car...A novel salt-tolerant aerobic denitrifying bacterium,Marinobacter sp.strain B108,was isolated from a marine recirculating aquaculture system(MRAS).The optimal aerobic denitrification parameters were CH_(3)COONa as carbon source,pH of 8,C/N of16,temperature of 35°C,dissolved oxygen(DO)of 6 mg/L and salinity of 30.Under these optimal conditions,Marinobacter sp.strain B108 had a removal efficiency of 100%for N O_(3)^(-)-N and 98.89%for total nitrogen(TN)within 24 h.The nitrate removal pathways of Marinobacter sp.strain B108 were included by the assimilative reduction pathway(N O_(3)^(-)-N→biomass N)and the dissimilatory reduction pathway(N O_(3)^(-)-N→N_(2))of aerobic denitrification,and lack of dissimilatory reduction to ammonium pathway(N O_(3)^(-)-N→N H_(4)^(+)-N).The nitrogen removal process of Marinobacter sp.strain B108 was mainly contributed by the dissimilatory reduction pathway.The kinetic parameters for N O_(3)^(-)-N and N O_(2)^(-)-N removal were determined as V_(m)of 971.566 and 165.336 mg/(gDCW·L·h),and K_(m)of 22.74 and 31.68 mg/L,respectively.This work reflects the practical application potential of Marinobacter sp.strain B108for nitrogen removal in MRAS.展开更多
文摘The integration of machine learning(ML)into geohazard assessment has successfully instigated a paradigm shift,leading to the production of models that possess a level of predictive accuracy previously considered unattainable.However,the black-box nature of these systems presents a significant barrier,hindering their operational adoption,regulatory approval,and full scientific validation.This paper provides a systematic review and synthesis of the emerging field of explainable artificial intelligence(XAI)as applied to geohazard science(GeoXAI),a domain that aims to resolve the long-standing trade-off between model performance and interpretability.A rigorous synthesis of 87 foundational studies is used to map the intellectual and methodological contours of this rapidly expanding field.The analysis reveals that current research efforts are concentrated predominantly on landslide and flood assessment.Methodologically,tree-based ensembles and deep learning models dominate the literature,with SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)frequently adopted as the principal post-hoc explanation technique.More importantly,the review further documents how the role of XAI has shifted:rather than being used solely as a tool for interpreting models after training,it is increasingly integrated into the modeling cycle itself.Recent applications include its use in feature selection,adaptive sampling strategies,and model evaluation.The evidence also shows that GeoXAI extends beyond producing feature rankings.It reveals nonlinear thresholds and interaction effects that generate deeper mechanistic insights into hazard processes and mechanisms.Nevertheless,several key challenges remain unresolved within the field.These persistent issues are especially pronounced when considering the crucial necessity for interpretation stability,the demanding scholarly task of reliably distinguishing correlation from causation,and the development of appropriate methods for the treatment of complex spatio-temporal dynamics.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52100184,and U22A20617).
文摘Controlling heavy metal pollution in agricultural soil has been a significant challenge.These heavy metals seriously threaten the surrounding ecological environment and human health.The effective assessment and remediation of heavy metals in agricultural soils are crucial.These two aspects support each other,forming a close and complete decisionmaking chain.Therefore,this review systematically summarizes the distribution characteristics of soil heavy metal pollution,the correlation between soil and crop heavy metal contents,the presence pattern and migration and transformation mode of heavy metals in the soil-crop system.The advantages and disadvantages of the risk evaluation tools and models of heavy metal pollution in farmland are further outlined,which provides important guidance for an in-depth understanding of the characteristics of heavymetal pollution in farmland soils and the assessment of the environmental risk.Soil remediation strategies involve multiple physical,chemical,biological and even combined technologies,and this paper compares the potential and effect of the above current remediation technologies in heavy metal polluted farmland soils.Finally,the main problems and possible research directions of future heavy metal risk assessment and remediation technologies in agricultural soils are prospected.This review provides new ideas for effective assessment and selection of remediation technologies based on the characterization of soil heavy metals.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42077299,and U21A20290)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB0750400)the Ordos Key Research and Development Program(No.YF20240037).
文摘Persistent toxic substances(PTS)represent a paramount environmental issue in the 21st century.Understanding the concentrations and forms of PTS in the environment is crucial for accurately assessing their environmental health impacts.This article presents a concise overview of the components of PTS,pertinent environmental regulations,and conventional detection methodologies.Additionally,we offer an in-depth review of the principles,development,and practical applications of surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)in environmental monitoring,emphasizing the advancements in detecting trace amounts of PTS in complex environmental matrices.Recent progress in enhancing SERS sensitivity,improving selectivity,and practical implementations are detailed,showcasing innovative materials and methods.Integrating SERS with advanced algorithms are highlighted as pivotal areas for future research.
基金supported by the Swedish Energy Agency(P47500-1)the National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFA0710200)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22378401 and U22A20416)the financial support from STINT(CH2019-8287)financial support from the European Union and Swedish Energy Agency(P2020-90066).
文摘The catalytic oxidation of HMF involves a cascading reaction with multiple intermediate products,making it crucial to enhance the oriented adsorption capacity of specific functional groups for accelerating the entire process.To achieve the efficient selective oxidation of HMF to FDCA,a series of NiCo_(2)O_(4)catalysts with different morphologies,such as flaky,echinoids,pompon and corolla,were prepared and characterized by XRD,SEM,TEM,BET,XPS,and FTIR.Among the four catalysts,flaky NiCo_(2)O_(4)exhibited the most excellent catalytic activity and stability,with a FDCA yield of 60.1%within 12 h at 80℃without alkali participation.The excellent performance of flaky NiCo_(2)O_(4)catalyst is attributed to the oxygen vacancies and acid sites generated by the exposed(400)facets.The oxygen vacancies and acid sites on the catalyst surface can precisely adsorb-CHO and-CH_(2)-OH of HMF,respectively,and this synergistic effect promotes the efficient production of FDCA.This work is of great significance for fundamentally study the effect of micro-topography or crystal-plane reaction properties on surfaces.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFC3710000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42277078 and 42307118).
文摘Abandoned mines,especially pyrite-rich ones,release acid mine drainage(AMD)with high acidity and excessive amounts of heavy metals,threatening regional ecosystems.Six samples of mine drainage,nine samples of surface water,and twelve samples of sediment were analyzed in this case study of the Dashu pyrite mine in southwest China.A comprehensive analysis of the pollution levels,pollution sources,and potential hazards of eight metals(Ni,Cd,Cu,Zn,Fe,Al,Pb,and Mn)that exceeded regulatory standardswas conducted bymonitoring 24 conventional and characteristic indicators.Ultimately,this research evaluated the environmental hazards associated with abandonedmine water using the"pressure-response"model,thereby providing valuable insights for the effective protection of the environment in mining regions.The primary pollutants in mine water were determined to be SO_(4)^(2−),Fe,and Mn,with concentrations of 7700,1450,and 6.78mg/L,respectively.A clear"source-sink"dynamic was observed between themine water and the surrounding water system.surface water was primarily polluted by Ni and Mn,while water system sediments were primarily polluted by Cu and Hg.Ion ratio and Pearson correlation analyses indicated heavy metals in surface water and sediments originated from the same AMD source.The"pressureresponse"model was used to assess the environmental hazards of water from abandoned mines.Mines W1,W2,W5,and W6 were classified as high-risk,while W3 and W4 were medium-risk.This study offers a novel approach and valuable reference for identifying and classifying environmental risks in abandoned mines and targeting AMD treatment.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFE0103200)the Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2021CFB016)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52100217).
文摘As an emerging environmental contaminant,antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)in tap water have attracted great attention.Although studies have provided ARG profiles in tap water,research on their abundance levels,composition characteristics,and potential threat is still insufficient.Here,9 household tap water samples were collected from the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area(GBA)in China.Additionally,75 sets of environmental sample data(9 types)were downloaded from the public database.Metagenomics was then performed to explore the differences in the abundance and composition of ARGs.221 ARG subtypes consisting of 17 types were detected in tap water.Although the ARG abundance in tap water was not significantly different from that found in drinking water plants and reservoirs,their composition varied.In tap water samples,the three most abundant classes of resistance genes were multidrug,fosfomycin and MLS(macrolide-lincosamidestreptogramin)ARGs,and their corresponding subtypes ompR,fosX and macB were also the most abundant ARG subtypes.Regarding the potential mobility,vanS had the highest abundance on plasmids and viruses,but the absence of key genes rendered resistance to vancomycin ineffective.Generally,the majority of ARGs present in tap water were those that have not been assessed and are currently not listed as high-threat level ARG families based on the World Health Organization Guideline.Although the current potential threat to human health posed by ARGs in tap water is limited,with persistent transfer and accumulation,especially in pathogens,the potential danger to human health posed by ARGs should not be ignored.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21976045 and 22076112)the CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation(No.2020KFJJ03).
文摘Obtaining the sulfonamides(SAs)concentrations in the water body and sediment bulk was a prerequisite to reveal their transport and partitioning behavior in sediment-water environments and accurately assess their ecological risk.In the present study,the influences of multifactor interactions on the performance of o-DGTs with XAD-18 binding gels were analyzed by central combination experiments and response surfaces analysis,in which the target compounds were 9 SAs.The results indicated that dissolved organic matter(DOM),pH,and suspended particulate matter(SS)had significant effects on the o-DGT sampling,whereas this o-DGT was independent of the ionic strength(IS).Concentning the composite influence of the four factors,the interaction between DOM and SS posed the most significant effect on all 9 SAs compounds.Subsequently,an o-DGT and DIFSmodel was applied to explore the SAs migration between the water-sediments interface.The difference between desorption rate(k_(b))and adsorption rates(k_(f))values suggested that the kinetics of SAs was dominated by adsorption.Moreover,the short-term sediment-water partitioning of SAs was clarified on the basis of distribution coefficient(K_(dl))for the labile SAs,among which the sulfadiazine(SDZ)had the largest labile pool.The ability of sediments to release SAs to the liquid phase as a sink was determined by response time(T_(c)).Among the 9 SAs,the longterm release of soseulfamethoxypyridazine(SMP)from the solid phase of sediments would have a potential risk to the aquatic environment,to which more attention should be paid in the future.
文摘The growing presence of emerging pollutants in the environment has led to a focus on developing new treatment technologies to address the limitations of traditional methods.Recent advancements in combining photocatalysis with biodegradation for pollutant treatment have garnered significant attention.This is due to the rapid and uncontrolled chemical reactions in single photocatalytic processes,which often result in the buildup of harmful by-products and over-oxidation residues.Additionally,relying solely on biodegradation is challenging for breaking down emerging pollutants that possess high concentrations and intricate structures.Therefore,the intimately coupled photocatalysis and biodegradation(ICPB)systems,along with the photocatalytic microbial fuel cells(PMFCs),as a new approach to treat pollutants.These systems combine the benefits of biodegradation and photocatalytic reactions,providing cost-effective,eco-friendly,and sustainable solutions with significant promise.In order to demonstrate the ICPB system and the PMFCs system as rational options for pollutant removal,the mechanisms of pollutant degradation by the two systems have been analyzed in depth,and recent advances in photocatalysts,biofilms,and carriers/configurations in the two systems have been summarized.Furthermore,the practical applications of the ICPB system versus the PMFCs system for pollutant removal are also summarized and highlighted.This review further points out the current limitations,such as photocatalytic materials that are still challenging in terms of commercial viability for practical applications,and looks forward to the prospects of the ICPB system versus the PMFCs system for the treatment of pollutants to promote practical applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation(No.51678291)the Basic Science(Natural Science)Research in Higher Education in Jiangsu Province(No.23KJA610003)the High-level Scientific Research Foundation for the introduction of talent in Nanjing Institute of Technology(No.YKJ201999)。
文摘Most studies have shown that oxygen vacancies on Ce_(x)Zr_(1-x)O_(2) solid solution are important for enhancing the catalytic oxidation performance.However,a handful of studies investigated the different roles of surface and subsurface oxygen vacancies on the performance and mechanisms of catalysts.Herein,a series of zirconium doping on CeO_(2) samples(CeO_(2),Ce_(0.95)Zr_(0.05)O_(2),and Ce_(0.8)5Zr_(0.15)O_(2))with various surface-to-subsurface oxygen vacancies ratios have been synthesized and applied in toluene catalytic oxidation.The obtained Ce_(0.95)Zr_(0.05)O_(2) exhibits an excellent catalytic performance with a 90%toluene conversion at 295℃,which is 68℃lower than that of CeO_(2).Additionally,the obtained Ce_(0.95)Zr_(0.05)O_(2)catalyst also exhibited good catalytic stability and water resistance.The XRD and HRTEM results show that Zr ions are incorporated into CeO_(2) lattice,forming Ce_(x)Zr_(1-x)O_(2) solid solution.Temperature-programmed experiments reveal that Ce_(0.95)Zr_(0.05)O_(2) shows excellent lowtemperature reducibility and abundant surface oxygen species.In-situ DRIFTS tests were used to probe the reaction mechanism,and the function of Zr doping in promoting the activation of oxygen was further determined.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations indicate that the vacancy formation energy and O_(2) adsorption energy are both lower on Ce_(0.95)Zr_(0.05)O_(2),confirming the reason for its superior catalytic performance.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:22179008,21875022Yibin“Jie Bang Gua Shuai”,Grant/Award Number:2022JB004+2 种基金Beijing Nova Program,Grant/Award Number:20230484241Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF,Grant/Award Number:GZB20230931Special Support of Chongqing Postdoctoral Research Project,Grant/Award Number:2023CQBSHTB2041。
文摘The burgeoning growth in electric vehicles and portable energy storage systems necessitates advances in the energy density and cost-effectiveness of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),areas where lithium-rich manganese-based oxide(LLO)materials naturally stand out.Despite their inherent advantages,these materials encounter significant practical hurdles,including low initial Coulombic efficiency(ICE),diminished cycle/rate performance,and voltage fading during cycling,hindering their widespread adoption.In response,we introduce an ionic-electronic dual-conductive(IEDC)surface control strategy that integrates an electronically conductive graphene framework with an ionically conductive heteroepitaxial spinel Li_(4)Mn_(5)O_(12)layer.Prolonged electrochemical and structural analyses demonstrate that this IEDC heterostructure effectively minimizes polarization,mitigates structural distortion,and enhances electronic/ionic diffusion.Density functional theory calculations highlight an extensive Li^(+)percolation network and lower Li^(+)migration energies at the layered-spinel interface.The designed LLO cathode with IEDC interface engineering(LMOSG)exhibits improved ICE(82.9%at 0.1 C),elevated initial discharge capacity(296.7 mAh g^(-1)at 0.1 C),exceptional rate capability(176.5 mAh g^(-1)at 5 C),and outstanding cycle stability(73.7%retention at 5 C after 500 cycles).These findings and the novel dual-conductive surface architecture design offer promising directions for advancing highperformance electrode materials.
基金Basic Research Project of Universities in Hebei Province,Affiliated with Shijiazhuang City,Grant/Award Number:241791187ANatural Science Foundation of Hebei Province,Grant/Award Number:E2024208033+1 种基金Hebei Province graduate student innovation ability training program,Grant/Award Number:CXZZSS2025068Hebei Provincial Key Research Projects,Grant/Award Number:21373904D。
文摘Dissolved organic matter(DOM)in rivers plays a key role in the global carbon cycle and aquatic ecosystems,yet its spatiotemporal dynamics across complex terrains remains inadequately characterized.To address this gap,we conducted seasonal sampling along the Luan River and examined how DOM composition varies over space and time in response to environmental drivers.Using parallel factor analysis(PARAFAC),we identified two humic-like components(C1+C2,Em>380 nm)and one protein-like component(C3,Em<380 nm).DOM fluorescence intensity was lowest in winter,while C1 and C3 levels peaked in autumn and C2 in summer(p<0.05).Spatially,C1 and C3 levels were highest downstream regions,whereas C2 peaked in the midstream section(p<0.05).Microbial sources dominated DOM in spring,winter,and in both headwater and downstream areas(FI>1.9).Principal coordinates analysis(PCoA)combined with multi-response permutation process(MRPP)confirmed significant spatiotemporal differences in DOM composition(p<0.05).Random forest modeling showed humic-like components were more sensitive to environmental changes.Redundancy analysis(RDA)and Mantel tests identified temperature as the dominant seasonal driver of DOM variation(p<0.05),while dissolved total phosphorus(DTP)and nitrate nitrogen(NO_(3)^(-)-N)were the key spatial determinants.Significant correlations were also observed between NO_(3)^(-)-N and ammonium nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N),as well as between DTP and DOM,suggesting shared origins and compositional linkages(p<0.05).Our findings highlight the pronounced seasonal and spatial heterogeneity of DOM in multi-terrain river systems,offering valuable insights into carbon dynamics and ecosystem functioning in river systems.
基金supported by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(STEP)(No.2019QZKK0605)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42201161)the Startup Foundation for Introducing Talent of NUIST(No.2022r024)。
文摘Since scarce knowledge of soil mercury(Hg)concentrations and risks in the vulnerable Xinjiang,topsoils(0-15 cm)from its typical landscapes were extensively sampled.Topsoil total mercury(THg)concentrations varied broadly between 0.9 and 35.3 ng/g,of which16.8%exceeded the background value of soil Hg for Xinjiang.Topsoil THg concentrations across various landscapes exhibited a declining order:farmland(11.7±6.0 ng/g)>grassland(10.5±8.5 ng/g)>woodland(10.2±8.2 ng/g)>desert(7.0±5.8 ng/g).The average topsoil THg concentration was higher in northwestern Xinjiang(11.3±7.2 ng/g)than that in southeastern Xinjiang(6.3±6.1 ng/g).Relatively high topsoil THg concentrations were observed near the cities with intensive human activities,followed by a gradual decline to the surroundings.The concentrations of topsoil THg were strongly correlated with the contents of total organic carbon(TOC),clay,silty,and sandy,and the distance from each sampling site to its nearest city,suggesting that the variation of topsoil Hg was significantly influenced by TOC content,soil granularity,and anthropogenic Hg emissions.Silty and TOC were the principal affecting factors,explaining 48.7%and 7.9%of the THg variation,respectively.The contamination and potential ecological risk evaluations revealed that topsoils in regions with dense populations were polluted with Hg and contained higher potential ecological risks.The health risk evaluations indicated that exposure risks of topsoil Hg were higher for children than those for adults.Fortunately,topsoil Hg posed acceptable risks to human health.
基金Project supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3504100,2021YFB3500600)National Natural Science Foundation of China(22208170)+4 种基金Basic Scientific Research Expenses Program of Universities directly under Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(JY20220286)Cooperation Foundation for the Chunhui Plan Program of Ministry of Education of China(202200554)Open Project Program of Key Laboratory of Opticelectric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science,MOE(M2024-7)Open Project Program of Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollutant Sensitive Materials and Environmental RemediatiSon(PSMER2023008)the Open Foundation of State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control(SEMPC2023004)。
文摘Rare earth elements are highly applicable in photocatalysis due to their partially filled 4f orbitals,existing in electronic structures that facilitate the transfer of electrons during the reaction process.Among these materials,CeO_(2)has a distinctive external electronic structure(4f^(1)5d^(1)6s^(2)),abundant oxygen vacancies,and strong conversion ability of Ce^(4+)/Ce^(3+),which makes it an attractive candidate in the field of photocatalysis.To broaden its practical applications in the visible region,the drawbacks of a wide band gap and a slow Ce^(4+)/Ce^(3+)cycle have been addressed through the modification of CeO_(2),thereby accelerating light absorption and self-circulation,and enhancing photocatalytic activity.This paper presents a review of the preparation of modified CeO_(2)catalysts and their application in the conversion of cerium valence state in the photocatalytic degradation of pollutants in water.Furthermore,this paper presents a summary of the most recent development and current challenges,as well as prospect for the application of modified CeO_(2)-based materials.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21878218)the Tianjin Research Innovation Project for Postgraduate Students(No.2023KJ262)+2 种基金the State Grid Corporation of China’s Research Program(No.5419-202019385A)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.92320006)the Tianjin Key Science and Technology Program(No.18ZXSZSF00030)。
文摘Exploiting advanced nanocomposites isochronally integrating outstanding thermal conductivity(TC)and electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness(EMI SE)can boost the cutting-edge application of phase change materials.Here,we report a tiramisu-like composite(GMP),where the typical“crust-and-cheese”hierarchical structure is replicated by an innovative two-step bidirectional freezing assembly(BFA)and compressive densification.Hierarchical-aligned graphene array(G-GA)with ultralow thermal resistance is fabricated through 1st BFA and graphitization.During the 2nd BFA,the MXene-CNF crosslinking network with hydrogen-bond actions is used for encapsulating polyethylene glycol(PEG)onto the microlayers of the G-GA skeleton.Remarkably,the microlaminated GMP4 achieves a recorded TC of 34.05 W m^(-1) K^(-1),unprecedented EMI SE of 87.4 dB,and preferable enthalpy density of 179.4 J cm^(-3),along with leakage-free function,and eminent thermal durability.Furthermore,the GMP-loaded equipment is demonstrated for efficient microelectronics cooling and sustainable solar energy utilization.This work opens new avenues for multiscale designing multifunctional macro-composites,broadening the application prospects in advanced electronics and solar energy utilization systems.
基金supported by the Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.92047201)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.B230201026)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.42377054 and 42007149)the Open Project of Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake(Grant No.HZHLAB2301).
文摘Reservoirs play a critical role in addressing water resources challenges.However,their vertical influence on the assembly mechanisms of different microbial communities,including prokaryotes and eukaryotes,remains unclear.This study examined the vertical diversity patterns of abundant and rare subcommunities of prokaryotes and eukaryotes in an urban reservoir,using water depth as a geographical gradient and employing high-throughput sequencing.The impact of vertical environmental heterogeneity on community structure was quantified,and key drivers of these dynamics were identified.The results indicated that the urban reservoir exhibited statistically significant differences in the vertical distribution of water temperature and oxidation/reduction potential.The a-diversity of the abundant subcommunity displayed an opposing vertical pattern compared to that of the rare subcommunity,while the b-diversity for both subcommunities of prokaryotes and eukaryotes increased with water depth.Moreover,the distinct diversity patterns of abundant and rare subcommunities were associated with environmental heterogeneity and species adaptability.Notably,the b-diversity of the rare subcommunity of eukaryotes was primarily driven by species turnover in surface water,whereas nestedness became the dominant factor in deeper water.Furthermore,eukaryotic microbes exhibited a more pronounced response to changes in water depth than prokaryotes,consistent with the importance of heterogeneous selection to the eukaryotic community.Water temperature significantly affected the community composition of all groups,highlighting its importance in shaping community dynamics.This study provides valuable insights into the vertical distribution and assembly mechanisms of microbial communities in urban reservoirs,contributing to the protection and management of aquatic ecosystems under river regulation.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFE0138900)the “Scientific and Technical Innovation Action Plan” Basic Research Field of Shanghai Science and Technology Committee (19JC1410500)。
文摘Ion-solvaing membranes(ISMs)have received extensive attention in recent years as a key component in electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices.This article provides an overview of structural composition,performance advan-tages,research progress,ion conduction mechanism and existing issues of ISMs,primarily classifying them according to the matrix structure.A detailed analysis of performance enhancement methods,key performance indicators of ISMs and performance influencing factors is also presented.The article contributes to further optimizing the design and application of ion-solvation membranes,providing theoretical support for the development of fields such as hydrogen production through electrolysis of water and electrochemical energy in the future.
基金supported by the National Key Research&Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2022YFE0134900,2023YFC3708305,2023YFC3708302)Strategy Priority Research Program(Category B)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB0750300)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42477455,42077390).
文摘Objective The study aim was to investigate the effects of exposure to multiple environmental organic pollutants on cardiopulmonary health with a focus on the potential mediating role of oxidative stress.Methods A repeated-measures randomized crossover study involving healthy college students in Beijing was conducted. Biological samples, including morning urine and venous blood, were collected to measure concentrations of 29 typical organic pollutants, including hydroxy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(OH-PAHs), bisphenol A and its substitutes, phthalates and their metabolites, parabens,and five biomarkers of oxidative stress. Health assessments included blood pressure measurements and lung function indicators.Results Urinary concentrations of 2-hydroxyphenanthrene(2-OH-PHE)(β = 4.35% [95% confidence interval(CI): 0.85%, 7.97%]), 3-hydroxyphenanthrene(β = 3.44% [95% CI: 0.19%, 6.79%]), and 4-hydroxyphenanthrene(4-OH-PHE)(β = 5.78% [95% CI: 1.27%, 10.5%]) were significantly and positively associated with systolic blood pressure. Exposures to 1-hydroxypyrene(1-OH-PYR)(β = 3.05% [95% CI:-4.66%,-1.41%]), 2-OH-PHE(β = 2.68% [95% CI:-4%,-1.34%]), and 4-OH-PHE(β = 3% [95% CI:-4.68%,-1.29%]) were negatively associated with the ratio of forced expiratory volume in the first second to forced vital capacity. These findings highlight the adverse effects of exposure to multiple pollutants on cardiopulmonary health. Biomarkers of oxidative stress, including 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and extracellular superoxide dismutase, mediated the effects of multiple OH-PAHs on blood pressure and lung function.Conclusion Exposure to multiple organic pollutants can adversely affect cardiopulmonary health.Oxidative stress is a key mediator of the effects of OH-PAHs on blood pressure and lung function.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.52430001,52470091,52200108) for the financial support。
文摘Nanofiltration(NF) technology,with its capacity for nanoscale filtration and controllable selectivity,holds significant promise in diverse applications.However,the current upper bound of permeance and selectivity of NF membranes is intrinsically constrained by the morphology and structure of the polyamide(PA) selective layer.This issue arises because NF membranes typically exhibit relatively smooth nodular structures,which theoretically impede efficient water transport.In this study,we enhanced the formation of nanobubbles by synergistically regulating with surfactant and low temperatures,resulting in the fabrication of PA NF membranes with a crumpled morphology.We observed that lower temperatures promote enhanced gas solubility in the aqueous phase,facilitating increased nanobubble formation through the foaming effect of surfactant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate(SDBS).Consequently,this resulted in the creation of PA NF membranes with more crumpled structures and superior performance,with pure water permeance reaching 36.25 ± 0.42 L m^(-2)h^(-1)bar^(-1),representing an improvement of 14.47 L m^(-2)h^(-1)bar^(-1)compared to the control group.Additionally,it maintains a high Na_(2)SO_(4) rejection rate of97.00 % ± 0.58 %.The PA NF membranes produced by eliminating nanobubbles and free interfaces exhibited a smooth structure,whereas introducing nanobubbles(through Na HCO_(3) addition,N_(2) pressurization,and ultrasonication) resulted in the formation of crumpled membranes.This emphasized that the large amount of nanobubbles generated by SDBS and low temperature in the interfacial process played a critical role in shaping crumpled PA NF membranes and enhancing membrane performance.This approach has the potential to provide valuable insights into customizing the structural design of TFC PA NF membranes,contributing to further advancements in this field.
基金supported by Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of Shandong Province(No.2020CXGC011204)Qingdao Natural Science Foundation(No.23-2-1-234-zyyd-jch).
文摘The coexistence of emerging containments,such as antibiotic resistant bacteria(ARB),antibiotic-resistant genes(ARGs)and antibiotics,potentially influence elimination efficiencies in UV light-emitting diode(UV-LED)alone and UV-LED/H_(2)O_(2) system as their complex interactions.Tetracycline(TC)degradation efficiency(kF)correlated closely with its UV molar absorbance(R^(2)=0.831)in UV-LED alone system and with·OH yield(R^(2)=0.999)in UV-LED/H_(2)O_(2) system across studied wavelengths(265,280 and 310 nm).The kF values for intracellular DNA(i-ARGs)also exhibited a high correlation with UV-LED wavelengths in both systems(R^(2)=0.997-0.999).The coexistence of TC and ARB/ARGs resulted in a mutual inhibition of their degradation efficiencies due to competition for photons and·OH,along with the consequent reduction in intracellular ROS within ARB,with their degradation efficiencies exhibiting marked dependence on wavelength in both systems.Notably,the UV-LED/H_(2)O_(2) system at 265 nm effectively achieved the simultaneous removal of TC,ARB and ARGs with minimal energy consumption,and successfully fragmented ARGs.The degradation pathway of TC was analyzed,and the biotoxicity of its degradation intermediates demonstrated the environmental friendliness and safety of UV-LED/H_(2)O_(2) technology.This study elucidated the competitive interactions between antibiotics and ARB/ARGs within UV-LED/H_(2)O_(2) system,providing a promising approach for their simultaneous removal while ensuring energy efficiency.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51978636)。
文摘A novel salt-tolerant aerobic denitrifying bacterium,Marinobacter sp.strain B108,was isolated from a marine recirculating aquaculture system(MRAS).The optimal aerobic denitrification parameters were CH_(3)COONa as carbon source,pH of 8,C/N of16,temperature of 35°C,dissolved oxygen(DO)of 6 mg/L and salinity of 30.Under these optimal conditions,Marinobacter sp.strain B108 had a removal efficiency of 100%for N O_(3)^(-)-N and 98.89%for total nitrogen(TN)within 24 h.The nitrate removal pathways of Marinobacter sp.strain B108 were included by the assimilative reduction pathway(N O_(3)^(-)-N→biomass N)and the dissimilatory reduction pathway(N O_(3)^(-)-N→N_(2))of aerobic denitrification,and lack of dissimilatory reduction to ammonium pathway(N O_(3)^(-)-N→N H_(4)^(+)-N).The nitrogen removal process of Marinobacter sp.strain B108 was mainly contributed by the dissimilatory reduction pathway.The kinetic parameters for N O_(3)^(-)-N and N O_(2)^(-)-N removal were determined as V_(m)of 971.566 and 165.336 mg/(gDCW·L·h),and K_(m)of 22.74 and 31.68 mg/L,respectively.This work reflects the practical application potential of Marinobacter sp.strain B108for nitrogen removal in MRAS.
