In the quest for effective solutions to address Environ.Pollut.and meet the escalating energy demands,heterojunction photocatalysts have emerged as a captivating and versatile technology.These photocatalysts have garn...In the quest for effective solutions to address Environ.Pollut.and meet the escalating energy demands,heterojunction photocatalysts have emerged as a captivating and versatile technology.These photocatalysts have garnered significant interest due to their wideranging applications,including wastewater treatment,air purification,CO_(2) capture,and hydrogen generation via water splitting.This technique harnesses the power of semiconductors,which are activated under light illumination,providing the necessary energy for catalytic reactions.With visible light constituting a substantial portion(46%)of the solar spectrum,the development of visible-light-driven semiconductors has become imperative.Heterojunction photocatalysts offer a promising strategy to overcome the limitations associated with activating semiconductors under visible light.In this comprehensive review,we present the recent advancements in the field of photocatalytic degradation of contaminants across diverse media,as well as the remarkable progress made in renewable energy production.Moreover,we delve into the crucial role played by various operating parameters in influencing the photocatalytic performance of heterojunction systems.Finally,we address emerging challenges and propose novel perspectives to provide valuable insights for future advancements in this dynamic research domain.By unraveling the potential of heterojunction photocatalysts,this reviewcontributes to the broader understanding of their applications and paves the way for exciting avenues of exploration and innovation.展开更多
A simple and reliable strategy was proposed to engineer the glutathione grafted graphene oxide/ZnO nanocomposite(glutathione-GO/ZnO)as electrode material for the high-performance piroxicam sensor.The prepared glutathi...A simple and reliable strategy was proposed to engineer the glutathione grafted graphene oxide/ZnO nanocomposite(glutathione-GO/ZnO)as electrode material for the high-performance piroxicam sensor.The prepared glutathione-GO/ZnO nanocomposite was well characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectrum(FTIR),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM),cyclic voltammetry(CV),electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)and differential pulse voltammetry(DPV).The novel nanocomposite modified electrode showed the highest electrocatalytic activity towards piroxicam(oxidation potential is 0.52 V).Under controlled experimental parameters,the proposed sensor exhibited good linear responses to piroxicam concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 500 μM.The detection limit and sensitivity were calculated as 1.8 μM and 0.2 μA/μM·cm^(2),respectively.Moreover,it offered excellent selectivity,reproducibility,and long-term stability and can effectively ignore the interfering candidates commonly existing in the pharmaceutical tablets and human fluids even at a higher concentration.Finally,the reported sensor was successfully employed to the direct determination of piroxicam in practical samples.展开更多
Southeastern wildrye (Elymus glabriflorus, Vasey ex L.H. Dewey) is a cool-season, perennial grass native to southeastern United States. Recently, there is a growing interest in its development as a grazing and haying ...Southeastern wildrye (Elymus glabriflorus, Vasey ex L.H. Dewey) is a cool-season, perennial grass native to southeastern United States. Recently, there is a growing interest in its development as a grazing and haying forage crop due to its wide area of adaptation across this region. Consequently, there is a great need for the evaluation of its forage quality by rapid, but accurate analytical methods like Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS). In this study, acceptable NIRS calibration models were developed for: dry matter, DM (n = 113, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.904, RSCD = 2.54, RSCIQ = 4.65);crude protein, CP (n = 113, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.974, RSCD = 5.16, RSCIQ = 5.92);acid detergent fiber, ADF (n = 116, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.896, RSCD = 2.35, RSCIQ = 1.28);neutral detergent fiber, NDF (n = 118, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.934, RSCD = 2.53, RSCIQ = 3.38);digestible dry matter, DDM (n = 116, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.895, RSCD = 2.36, RSCIQ = 1.35);dry matter intake, DMI (n = 115, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.924, RSCD = 2.40, RSCIQ = 2.53);and relative feed value, RFV (n = 114, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.932, RSCD = 2.94, RSCIQ = 2.81). Prediction of independent validation sets yielded good agreement between the NIRS predicted values and the laboratory reference values for each of: DM (n = 53, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.831, RPD = 2.45, RPIQ = 4.24);CP (n = 57, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.967, RPD = 5.37, RPIQ = 7.16);ADF (n = 49, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.895, RPD = 2.97, RPIQ = 1.51);NDF (n = 53, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.928, RPD = 3.75, RPIQ = 4.22);digestible dry matter, DDM (n = 55, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.860, RSCD = 265, RSCIQ = 1.15);dry matter intake, DMI (n = 156, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.845, RSCD = 2.48, RSCIQ = 2.11);and relative feed value, RFV (n = 55, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.916, RSCD = 3.45, RSCIQ = 3.04) contents, indicating that all seven calibration models had good quantitative information. Therefore, precise, accurate, and rapid analysis of these important forage quality attributes of southeastern wildrye can be routinely done using the developed NIRS calibration models.展开更多
Transition metal carbides,known as MXenes,particularly Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x),have been extensively explored as promising materials for electrochemical reactions.However,transition metal carbonitride MXenes with high nitrog...Transition metal carbides,known as MXenes,particularly Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x),have been extensively explored as promising materials for electrochemical reactions.However,transition metal carbonitride MXenes with high nitrogen content for electrochemical reactions are rarely reported.In this work,transition metal carbonitride MXenes incorporated with Pt-based electrocatalysts,ranging from single atoms to sub-nanometer dimensions,are explored for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).The fabricated Pt clusters/MXene catalyst exhibits superior HER performance compared to the single-atom-incorporated MXene and commercial Pt/C catalyst in both acidic and alkaline electrolytes.The optimized sample shows low overpotentials of 28,65,and 154 mV at a current densities of 10,100,and 500 m A cm^(-2),a small Tafel slope of 29 m V dec^(-1),a high mass activity of 1203 mA mgPt^(-1)and an excellent turnover frequency of 6.1 s^(-1)in the acidic electrolyte.Density functional theory calculations indicate that this high performance can be attributed to the enhanced active sites,increased surface functional groups,faster charge transfer dynamics,and stronger electronic interaction between Pt and MXene,resulting in optimized hydrogen absorption/desorption toward better HER.This work demonstrates that MXenes with a high content of nitrogen may be promising candidates for various catalytic reactions by incorporating single atoms or clusters.展开更多
Photocatalytic H_(2) evolution from wastewater exhibits fascinating prospects in environment and energy fields.Here,we propose a novel 3D cross-linked g-C_(3)N_(4) network(SCN)assembling with 1D nanowires.This network...Photocatalytic H_(2) evolution from wastewater exhibits fascinating prospects in environment and energy fields.Here,we propose a novel 3D cross-linked g-C_(3)N_(4) network(SCN)assembling with 1D nanowires.This network structure endows SCN with abundant carbon defects,creating a defect energy level and shallow charge trapping centres,which significantly prolongs the photocarrier lifetime,suppresses their recombination and facilitates the mass transfer process during the dye photodegradation.Consequently,in photocatalytic H_(2) evolution coupled with Rhodamine B(RhB)photodegradation under visible light,the H_(2) production rate of SCN is 283μmol h^(-1)g^(-1),accompanying by 97%RhB photodegradation efficiency,much higher than UCN's 31μmol h^(-1)g^(-1)and 64%.In particular,AQY of SCN for H_(2) evolution from RhB solution reaches 23.7%at 380 nm.Furthermore,the calculated transition states demonstrate that the N1 site connected to the defect in SCN has a minimum Gibbs free energy ΔG(H^(*)),indicating that H~+undergoes an H^(+)→H^(*)→H_(2) evolution process.展开更多
Peroxymonosulfate(PMS)is commonly used in advanced oxidation processes to degrade organic pollutants in wastewater.In this work,to obtain better PMS activation efficiency,Bi_(4)O_(5)Br_(2)/BCZT(BBT)piezoelectric photo...Peroxymonosulfate(PMS)is commonly used in advanced oxidation processes to degrade organic pollutants in wastewater.In this work,to obtain better PMS activation efficiency,Bi_(4)O_(5)Br_(2)/BCZT(BBT)piezoelectric photocatalyst was designed.Abundant active radicals produced by BBT under visible light irradiation and ultrasonic vibration were used to activate PMS,thereby achieving rapid degradation of high concentration pollutants.With the introduction of BCZT,the catalyst has a strong internal electric field and three-dimensional lamellar structure,which promotes the separation and transfer of electrons and holes.It is worth noting that under optimal reaction conditions,the degradation rate of ARB reached 93%by BBT15 within 10 min.The catalytic experiment combined with the piezoelectric performance test results revealed the key role of piezoelectric photocatalytic reaction in PMS activation.This provides an important prospect for PMS to effectively deal with the degradation of high concentrations of organic pollutants.展开更多
Levering the local electron density allows for varying the adsorption and/or desorption feature of catalysts,enabling to boost the reaction kinetics.Mott-Schottky barrier,in which it processes different Fermi levels,f...Levering the local electron density allows for varying the adsorption and/or desorption feature of catalysts,enabling to boost the reaction kinetics.Mott-Schottky barrier,in which it processes different Fermi levels,favors the electron transport at the interface.Here,a Mo-doped CoN is coupled with NiFe-LDH for constructing a Mott-Schottky heterojunction,addressing enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),oxygen evolution reaction(OER),and urea oxidation reaction(UOR)compared with the individual counterparts.The incorporation of high-valence Mo species and the formation of heterostructures significantly improve the corrosion resistance and electrocatalytic performance of Mo-CoN@NiFeLDH,requiring only 76 mV overpotential for HER and 257 mV for OER to achieve a high current density of 100 mA cm^(-2)in 1 M KOH.The advanced nature of our as-prepared Mott-Schottky heterojunction could be further evidenced by its robust nature of a configured alkaline electrolyzer for stable working over666 h at 200 mA cm^(-2).Impressively,only 1.692 V of cell voltage is required to yield a current density of 300 mA cm^(-2)over the as-prepared urea electrolyzer.This strategy for va rying the local electron density via construction of Mott-Schottky barrier could be regarded as a promising routine to achieve low-energy consumption green hydrogen generation.展开更多
Correction to:Nano-Micro Letters(2025)17:123 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01654-y Following publication of the original article[1],the authors reported that Dr.Mohamed Bououdina’s affiliation needed to be corre...Correction to:Nano-Micro Letters(2025)17:123 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01654-y Following publication of the original article[1],the authors reported that Dr.Mohamed Bououdina’s affiliation needed to be corrected from 1 to 2.The correct author affiliation has been provided in this Correction and the original article[1]has been corrected.展开更多
The present study investigates the kinetics of hydrogen sulfide （H2S） decomposition into hydrogen and sulfur carded out in a nonthermal plasma dielectric barrier discharge （NTP-DBD） reactor operated at ,-430 K for...The present study investigates the kinetics of hydrogen sulfide （H2S） decomposition into hydrogen and sulfur carded out in a nonthermal plasma dielectric barrier discharge （NTP-DBD） reactor operated at ,-430 K for in situ removal of sulfur condensed inside the reactor walls. The dissociation of H2S was primarily initiated by the excitation of carder gas （At） through electron collisions which appeared to be the rate determining step. The experiments were carded out with initial concentration of H2S varied between 5 and 25 vol% at 150 mL/min （at standard temperature and pressure） flow rate in the input power range of 0.5 to 2 W. The reaction rate model based on continuous stirred tank reactor （CSTR） model failed to explain the global kinetics of H2S decomposition, probably due to the multiple complex reactions involved in H2S decomposition, whereas Michaelis-Menten model was satisfactory. Typical results indicated that the reaction order approached zero with increasing inlet concentration.展开更多
The occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes （ARGs） was investigated and quantified in 20 water samples collected in the Beijiang River, South China. Sulfonamide- and tetracycline-resistant bacteria were present in...The occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes （ARGs） was investigated and quantified in 20 water samples collected in the Beijiang River, South China. Sulfonamide- and tetracycline-resistant bacteria were present in 17 and 14 of the collected 20 samples. For sulfonamide ARGs, sulI and sulII were frequently observed in the Beijiang River. The levels of sulI were higher than sulII （p 〈 0.05）, with the mean values of （1.41 ± 1.12） × 10-2 and （1.58 ± 1.71） × 10-3 copies/16S rDNA, respectively. For tetracycline ARGs, tetG had the highest frequency, 100%, followed by tetA （85%）, tetO （85%）, tetC （70%）, tetX （60%）, tetM （40%） and tetQ （20%）, while tetE and tetS were not detected in all the samples from the Beijiang River. On the other hand, tetC had the highest concentration, ranging from 8.30 × 10-2 to 13.20 copies/16S rDNA. The poor correlation between ARGs and antibiotic concentrations revealed that the self-amplification and persistence of ARGs were the reasons that made ARGs exist in the water environment even though the antibiotic selecting pressure was absent. Because so few field measurements have been conducted for investigating the levels of ARGs in rivers in South China, this study provides an important insight on better understanding the occurrence and spread of ARGs in such an ecosystem.展开更多
A column chromatographic method has been developed for the separation and determination of cerium(Ⅲ)using poly[dibenzo-18-crown-6].The separation was carried out in L-valine medium.The adsorption of cerium(Ⅲ)was qua...A column chromatographic method has been developed for the separation and determination of cerium(Ⅲ)using poly[dibenzo-18-crown-6].The separation was carried out in L-valine medium.The adsorption of cerium(Ⅲ)was quantitative from 1×10-1 to 1×10-4 mol/L L-valine.Amongst the various eluents,1.0-8.0 mol/L hydrochloric acid,1.0-8.0 mol/L hydrobromic acid,1.0-8.0 mol/L perchloric acid,1.0-2.0 mol/L sulfuric acid and 4.0-5.0 mol/L acetic acid,were found to be the efficient eluents for cerium(Ⅲ).The capacity of poly[dibenzo-18-crown-6]for cerium(Ⅲ)was(0.428±0.01)mmol/g.The method was applied to the separation of cerium(Ⅲ)from associated elements link uranium(Ⅵ)and thorium(Ⅳ).It was also applied for the determination of cerium(Ⅲ)in geological samples.The method is simple,rapid and selective with good reproducibility(approximately±2%).展开更多
The sorption study of La(Ⅲ) was carried out on poly[dibenzo-18-crown-6] and L-valine medium. The quantitative adsorption of La(Ⅲ) was found at 1×10-2 to 1×10-5 mol/L L-valine. The various eluting agents we...The sorption study of La(Ⅲ) was carried out on poly[dibenzo-18-crown-6] and L-valine medium. The quantitative adsorption of La(Ⅲ) was found at 1×10-2 to 1×10-5 mol/L L-valine. The various eluting agents were found efficient eluents for La(Ⅲ). The capacity of crown polymer for La(Ⅲ) was found to be 0.43 ±0.01 mmol/g. The tolerance limit of various cations and anions for La(Ⅲ) was determined. La(Ⅲ) was quantitatively separated from other metal ions in binary as well as multicomponent mixtures. The study was extended to sequential separation of La(Ⅲ), U(VI) and Th(IV). The good separation yields were obtained and had good reproducibility (±2%). The method incorporated the determination of La(Ⅲ) in real sample. The method was simple, rapid and selective.展开更多
Abundance, carbon biomass and composition of picoplankton along a transect (fromthe Pearl River estuary to Dongsha Island) in the northern South China Sea were measured by flow cytom-etry (FCM); and the vertical struc...Abundance, carbon biomass and composition of picoplankton along a transect (fromthe Pearl River estuary to Dongsha Island) in the northern South China Sea were measured by flow cytom-etry (FCM); and the vertical structure, composition variation, relationship between heterotrophic and au-totrophic picoplankton as well as the controlling mechanism of diel variation were studied. Results showedthat along the horizontal direction, both Synechococcus (SYN) and picoeukaryote (PEUK) were highest inabundance and dominated autotrophic picoplankton in the Pearl River estuary, but decreased展开更多
High-precision isotope composition determinations using multicollector, magnetic-sector induc- tively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICPMS) have recently revealed that some transition metal isotopes such as thos...High-precision isotope composition determinations using multicollector, magnetic-sector induc- tively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICPMS) have recently revealed that some transition metal isotopes such as those of Mo, Fe, Cu, Zn etc. can be used as biogeochemical tracers in global change research. The Mo isotope system may be useful in paleoredox investigations indicating that δ97/95Mo in seawater may co-vary with changes in the relative proportions of anoxic and oxic sedimentation in the ocean, and that this variation may be recorded inδ97/95Mo of anoxic sediments. The Mo continental flux into the oceans and the global Mo isotope budget can be estimated fromδ97/95Mo values. The Fe isotope composition in seawater is an important issue because Fe plays a controlling role in biological productivity in the oceans and its abundance in seawater may have substantial effect on climate changes. Iron isotope fractionations could result from bio- and abio-processes and have about 0.1% variation (δ56/54Fe), so Fe isotopes considered alone cannot be used to distinguish the products of abiotic and biotic Fe processing in geological records. Cu and Zn isotopes are also used as biogeochemical tracers, but the researches are relatively less. This review mainly focuses on the methods for preparation, purification and determination of new isotope tracer samples, and on isotope applications in marine environmental changes.展开更多
Modeling height–diameter relationships is an important component in estimating and predicting forest development under different forest management scenarios. In this paper, ten widely used candidate height–diameter ...Modeling height–diameter relationships is an important component in estimating and predicting forest development under different forest management scenarios. In this paper, ten widely used candidate height–diameter models were fitted to tree height and diameter at breast height（DBH）data for Populus euphratica Oliv. within a 100 ha permanent plots at Arghan Village in the lower reaches of the Tarim River, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China. Data from 4781 trees were used and split randomly into two sets：75 % of the data were used to estimate model parameters（model calibration）, and the remaining data（25 %） were reserved for model validation. All model performances were evaluated and compared by means of multiple model performance criteria such as asymptotic t-statistics of model parameters, standardized residuals against predicted height,root mean square error（RMSE）, Akaike’s informationcriterion（AIC）, mean prediction error（ME） and mean absolute error（MAE）. The estimated parameter a for model（6） was not statistically significant at a level of a = 0.05. RMSE and AIC test result for all models showed that exponential models（1）,（2）,（3） and（4） performed significantly better than others. All ten models had very small MEs and MAEs. Nearly all models underestimated tree heights except for model（6）. Comparing the MEs and MAEs of models, model（1） produced smaller MEs（0.0059） and MAEs（1.3754） than other models. To assess the predictive performance of models, we also calculated MEs by dividing the model validation data set into 10-cm DBH classes. This suggested that all models were likely to create higher mean prediction errors for tree DBH classes[20 cm. However, no clear trend was found among models.Model（6） generated significantly smaller mean prediction errors across all tree DBH classes. Considering all the aforementioned criteria, model（1）： TH ？ 1：3 t a= e1 t b？eàc？DBHT and model（6）： TH ？ 1：3 t DBH2= ea t b？DBH t c ？ DBH2T are recommended as suitable models for describing the height–diameter relationship of P. euphratica. The limitations of other models showing poor performance in predicting tree height are discussed. We provide explanations for these shortcomings.展开更多
Current production agriculture systems typically focus on yield outcomes at all costs. By shifting to best management practices based on regenerative farming principles, however, agricultural systems worldwide could m...Current production agriculture systems typically focus on yield outcomes at all costs. By shifting to best management practices based on regenerative farming principles, however, agricultural systems worldwide could maintain or even improve yields while sequestering atmospheric carbon (C) into soil organic matter (SOM). To demonstrate the effectiveness of regenerative principles at simultaneously benefiting agriculture and reducing greenhouse gasses, their C sequestration potential was examined through SOM data from 486 soil sampling locations from multiple farms throughout the coastal plains of South Carolina. These data were compared over varying multiple-year periods between 2013 and 2017 as their land management practices shifted from conventional methods to those based on the regenerative-based practice of cover cropping. The implementation of cover crops in crop rotations resulted in statistically significant mean SOM percentage increases of 0.11 (p ≤ 0.001), 0.11 (p ≤ 0.001), and 0.55 (p ≤ 0.001) for sampling sites converted into rotations utilizing cover crops for two, three, and four years, respectively. When averaged out per year for each sampling group, this results in an average of 622, 425, and 1584 lbs./acre/year of C fixed from the atmosphere and retained in the soil as organic matter. Increases were observed across all soil types sampled in the study with soil texture not significantly influencing a soils’ ability to increase soil OM or sequester atmospheric C through cover crop implementation. The calculations based on the coastal plains’ soils studied here demonstrate the promising potential of the application of regenerative farming principles to not only restore degraded biodiversity, recycle nutrients, improve farm profitability, and reduce chemical inputs, but also to sequester atmospheric C and simultaneously help reduce the effect of global climate change while creating healthy soils.展开更多
The wear process of PTFE coatings sliding against GCr15-bearing steel ball under vacuum conditions was investigated,and the hardness of the PTFE coatings on both sides of wear track was measured. The experimental resu...The wear process of PTFE coatings sliding against GCr15-bearing steel ball under vacuum conditions was investigated,and the hardness of the PTFE coatings on both sides of wear track was measured. The experimental results showed that the friction coefficient of the PTFE coatings increases with the increase of sliding distance under different sliding velocities. And the friction coefficient of the PTFE coatings increases with the increase of sliding distance under different sliding loads. The wear rate of PTFE coatings decreases with the increase of sliding distance. And the majority of the wear produced during the whole wear process of PTFE coatings sliding against GCr-15 steel ball comes from the early period of friction. The hardness of PTFE coatings on both sides of wear track increases as the distance increases and distributes symmetrically around the wear track. Scanning electron microscope( SEM) was utilized to investigate the worn surface of PTFE coating. It was found that the worn surface of PTFE coating is characterized by sever plastic deformation and spalling of the PTFE coating. The edge of wear track is characterized by micro cracking.展开更多
The maximum entropy principle(MEP) is one of the first methods which have been used to predict droplet size and velocity distributions of liquid sprays. This method needs a mean droplets diameter as an input to predic...The maximum entropy principle(MEP) is one of the first methods which have been used to predict droplet size and velocity distributions of liquid sprays. This method needs a mean droplets diameter as an input to predict the droplet size distribution. This paper presents a new sub-model based on the deterministic aspects of liquid atomization process independent of the experimental data to provide the mean droplets diameter for using in the maximum entropy formulation(MEF). For this purpose, a theoretical model based on the approach of energy conservation law entitled energy-based model(EBM) is presented. Based on this approach, atomization occurs due to the kinetic energy loss. Prediction of the combined model(MEF/EBM) is in good agreement with the available experimental data. The energy-based model can be used as a fast and reliable enough model to obtain a good estimation of the mean droplets diameter of a spray and the combined model(MEF/EBM) can be used to well predict the droplet size distribution at the primary breakup.展开更多
Increasing salinity of the groundwater is one of major challenges faced by agricultural sector in West Bank/Palestine. This study was carried out in the Lower Jordan Valley （LJV） under greenhouse field condition, wh...Increasing salinity of the groundwater is one of major challenges faced by agricultural sector in West Bank/Palestine. This study was carried out in the Lower Jordan Valley （LJV） under greenhouse field condition, where an area of 0.12 ha was irrigated with 3.5 dS/m magnetic treated water during the growing season 2012/2013. The results of this pilot project show that there are significant increases in the yield of red and yellow bell pepper of about 20% and 18% on fresh weight basis, respectively. Water use efficiency increased by 15% and an increase in shelf time of 7 d were also recorded. The chlorophyll content raised significantly in the leaves of treated plants compared to the controlled one by 2.5 mg/g. Bell pepper irrigated with magnetic water produces 37% more four champers than that of the controlled one. On the other hand, there were no clear significant effects on the height of the plant, number of fruits, distance between nods, size of fruits, number and thickness of walls and sugar contents. Applying visible/near infrared （VIS/N｜R） spectroscopy test shows that it is possible to distinguish between treated and controlled bell pepper fruits. Multivariate data analysis （MVDA） method was used to test the classification of chemical elements in the fruit and it was found that treated and controlled fruit samples are divided into two groups according to their water treatment. An increase in all nutrient concentrations was found in fruits irrigated with magnetic treated water compared with the controlled one. Further testing is needed especially by involving other variables such as decreasing the volume of irrigated water and fertilizers.展开更多
One key strategy to enhance photocatalytic performance is to improve the transfer and separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers by building optimized heterojunctions.Herein,novel Bi_(4)O_5Br_(2)/NH_(2)-MIL-125(...One key strategy to enhance photocatalytic performance is to improve the transfer and separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers by building optimized heterojunctions.Herein,novel Bi_(4)O_5Br_(2)/NH_(2)-MIL-125(Ti)Z-scheme heterojunctions are fabricated and used as photocatalysts for organic pollutant photodegradation.The NH_(2)-MIL-125(Ti)nanosheets are exfoliated via a self-developed alkali solution stripping approach and then uniformly decorated on Bi_(4)O_(5)Br_(2).The as-prepared Bi_(4)O_(5)Br_(2)/NH_(2)-MIL-125(Ti)presents more than 90%degradation of various pollutants,outperforming the counterpart individual ones.The various characterization results suggest that the enhanced degradation rate is due to the more intimate face-to-face interfacial contact of the lamellar Z-scheme heterojunction materials,in which the migration path of carriers from the material's interior to the surface can be reduced,in turn enhancing migration efficiency and separation capability significantly.A possible photocatalytic reaction mechanism is proposed based on the photoelectric behaviors,radical trapping experiments and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry analysis.This work promotes the development of new photocatalytic materials for heterojunctions with face-to-face interfacial contacts,as well as the effective purification of wastewater in environmental remediation.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.52072152 and 51802126)Jiangsu University Jinshan Professor Fund,Jiangsu Specially-Appointed Professor Fund,the Open Fund from Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials,Zhenjiang“Jinshan Talents”Project 2021,China PostDoctoral Science Foundation (No.2022M721372)+1 种基金the“Doctor of Entrepreneurship and Innovation”in Jiangsu Province (No.JSSCBS20221197)the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (No.KYCX22_3645).
文摘In the quest for effective solutions to address Environ.Pollut.and meet the escalating energy demands,heterojunction photocatalysts have emerged as a captivating and versatile technology.These photocatalysts have garnered significant interest due to their wideranging applications,including wastewater treatment,air purification,CO_(2) capture,and hydrogen generation via water splitting.This technique harnesses the power of semiconductors,which are activated under light illumination,providing the necessary energy for catalytic reactions.With visible light constituting a substantial portion(46%)of the solar spectrum,the development of visible-light-driven semiconductors has become imperative.Heterojunction photocatalysts offer a promising strategy to overcome the limitations associated with activating semiconductors under visible light.In this comprehensive review,we present the recent advancements in the field of photocatalytic degradation of contaminants across diverse media,as well as the remarkable progress made in renewable energy production.Moreover,we delve into the crucial role played by various operating parameters in influencing the photocatalytic performance of heterojunction systems.Finally,we address emerging challenges and propose novel perspectives to provide valuable insights for future advancements in this dynamic research domain.By unraveling the potential of heterojunction photocatalysts,this reviewcontributes to the broader understanding of their applications and paves the way for exciting avenues of exploration and innovation.
基金supported by SERB(Science and Engineering Research Board),New Delhi,India[File.No:EMR/2014/000020].
文摘A simple and reliable strategy was proposed to engineer the glutathione grafted graphene oxide/ZnO nanocomposite(glutathione-GO/ZnO)as electrode material for the high-performance piroxicam sensor.The prepared glutathione-GO/ZnO nanocomposite was well characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectrum(FTIR),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM),cyclic voltammetry(CV),electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)and differential pulse voltammetry(DPV).The novel nanocomposite modified electrode showed the highest electrocatalytic activity towards piroxicam(oxidation potential is 0.52 V).Under controlled experimental parameters,the proposed sensor exhibited good linear responses to piroxicam concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 500 μM.The detection limit and sensitivity were calculated as 1.8 μM and 0.2 μA/μM·cm^(2),respectively.Moreover,it offered excellent selectivity,reproducibility,and long-term stability and can effectively ignore the interfering candidates commonly existing in the pharmaceutical tablets and human fluids even at a higher concentration.Finally,the reported sensor was successfully employed to the direct determination of piroxicam in practical samples.
基金the final support of ARC DP220103045the startup support of KFUPMPrince Sultan University for their support。
文摘Transition metal carbides,known as MXenes,particularly Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x),have been extensively explored as promising materials for electrochemical reactions.However,transition metal carbonitride MXenes with high nitrogen content for electrochemical reactions are rarely reported.In this work,transition metal carbonitride MXenes incorporated with Pt-based electrocatalysts,ranging from single atoms to sub-nanometer dimensions,are explored for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).The fabricated Pt clusters/MXene catalyst exhibits superior HER performance compared to the single-atom-incorporated MXene and commercial Pt/C catalyst in both acidic and alkaline electrolytes.The optimized sample shows low overpotentials of 28,65,and 154 mV at a current densities of 10,100,and 500 m A cm^(-2),a small Tafel slope of 29 m V dec^(-1),a high mass activity of 1203 mA mgPt^(-1)and an excellent turnover frequency of 6.1 s^(-1)in the acidic electrolyte.Density functional theory calculations indicate that this high performance can be attributed to the enhanced active sites,increased surface functional groups,faster charge transfer dynamics,and stronger electronic interaction between Pt and MXene,resulting in optimized hydrogen absorption/desorption toward better HER.This work demonstrates that MXenes with a high content of nitrogen may be promising candidates for various catalytic reactions by incorporating single atoms or clusters.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22202033)National College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(No.202310347048)Zhejiang Provincial Training Programs of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates(No.S202310347032)。
文摘Photocatalytic H_(2) evolution from wastewater exhibits fascinating prospects in environment and energy fields.Here,we propose a novel 3D cross-linked g-C_(3)N_(4) network(SCN)assembling with 1D nanowires.This network structure endows SCN with abundant carbon defects,creating a defect energy level and shallow charge trapping centres,which significantly prolongs the photocarrier lifetime,suppresses their recombination and facilitates the mass transfer process during the dye photodegradation.Consequently,in photocatalytic H_(2) evolution coupled with Rhodamine B(RhB)photodegradation under visible light,the H_(2) production rate of SCN is 283μmol h^(-1)g^(-1),accompanying by 97%RhB photodegradation efficiency,much higher than UCN's 31μmol h^(-1)g^(-1)and 64%.In particular,AQY of SCN for H_(2) evolution from RhB solution reaches 23.7%at 380 nm.Furthermore,the calculated transition states demonstrate that the N1 site connected to the defect in SCN has a minimum Gibbs free energy ΔG(H^(*)),indicating that H~+undergoes an H^(+)→H^(*)→H_(2) evolution process.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51302061)Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(No.E2020201021 and E2023201019)+4 种基金Industry-University-Research Cooperation Major Projects of Shijiazhuang(No.241130477A)Research Innovation Team of College of Chemistry and Environmental Science of Hebei University(No.hxkytd2102)Industry-University-research Cooperation Project of Colleges and Universities in Hebei Province(No.CXZX2025016)Hebei Province Innovation Capability Enhancement Plan Project(No.22567620H)Bintuan Science and Technology Program(Nos.2020DB002 and 2022DB009)。
文摘Peroxymonosulfate(PMS)is commonly used in advanced oxidation processes to degrade organic pollutants in wastewater.In this work,to obtain better PMS activation efficiency,Bi_(4)O_(5)Br_(2)/BCZT(BBT)piezoelectric photocatalyst was designed.Abundant active radicals produced by BBT under visible light irradiation and ultrasonic vibration were used to activate PMS,thereby achieving rapid degradation of high concentration pollutants.With the introduction of BCZT,the catalyst has a strong internal electric field and three-dimensional lamellar structure,which promotes the separation and transfer of electrons and holes.It is worth noting that under optimal reaction conditions,the degradation rate of ARB reached 93%by BBT15 within 10 min.The catalytic experiment combined with the piezoelectric performance test results revealed the key role of piezoelectric photocatalytic reaction in PMS activation.This provides an important prospect for PMS to effectively deal with the degradation of high concentrations of organic pollutants.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFB3807201)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants Nos.52462035+6 种基金52272202W242102712464010)the Bituan Science and Technology Program(Grants No.2022DB009)project supported by the Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Grants No.20242BAB21002)the Project of Science and Technology Innovation and Entrepreneurship Fund of China Coal Technology&Engineering Group Co.,Ltd.(2022-MS0022023-TDMS007)。
文摘Levering the local electron density allows for varying the adsorption and/or desorption feature of catalysts,enabling to boost the reaction kinetics.Mott-Schottky barrier,in which it processes different Fermi levels,favors the electron transport at the interface.Here,a Mo-doped CoN is coupled with NiFe-LDH for constructing a Mott-Schottky heterojunction,addressing enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),oxygen evolution reaction(OER),and urea oxidation reaction(UOR)compared with the individual counterparts.The incorporation of high-valence Mo species and the formation of heterostructures significantly improve the corrosion resistance and electrocatalytic performance of Mo-CoN@NiFeLDH,requiring only 76 mV overpotential for HER and 257 mV for OER to achieve a high current density of 100 mA cm^(-2)in 1 M KOH.The advanced nature of our as-prepared Mott-Schottky heterojunction could be further evidenced by its robust nature of a configured alkaline electrolyzer for stable working over666 h at 200 mA cm^(-2).Impressively,only 1.692 V of cell voltage is required to yield a current density of 300 mA cm^(-2)over the as-prepared urea electrolyzer.This strategy for va rying the local electron density via construction of Mott-Schottky barrier could be regarded as a promising routine to achieve low-energy consumption green hydrogen generation.
文摘Correction to:Nano-Micro Letters(2025)17:123 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01654-y Following publication of the original article[1],the authors reported that Dr.Mohamed Bououdina’s affiliation needed to be corrected from 1 to 2.The correct author affiliation has been provided in this Correction and the original article[1]has been corrected.
基金the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy(MNRE)-New Delhi,for financial support(Reference No. 103/117/2008-NT)
文摘The present study investigates the kinetics of hydrogen sulfide （H2S） decomposition into hydrogen and sulfur carded out in a nonthermal plasma dielectric barrier discharge （NTP-DBD） reactor operated at ,-430 K for in situ removal of sulfur condensed inside the reactor walls. The dissociation of H2S was primarily initiated by the excitation of carder gas （At） through electron collisions which appeared to be the rate determining step. The experiments were carded out with initial concentration of H2S varied between 5 and 25 vol% at 150 mL/min （at standard temperature and pressure） flow rate in the input power range of 0.5 to 2 W. The reaction rate model based on continuous stirred tank reactor （CSTR） model failed to explain the global kinetics of H2S decomposition, probably due to the multiple complex reactions involved in H2S decomposition, whereas Michaelis-Menten model was satisfactory. Typical results indicated that the reaction order approached zero with increasing inlet concentration.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21177162)
文摘The occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes （ARGs） was investigated and quantified in 20 water samples collected in the Beijiang River, South China. Sulfonamide- and tetracycline-resistant bacteria were present in 17 and 14 of the collected 20 samples. For sulfonamide ARGs, sulI and sulII were frequently observed in the Beijiang River. The levels of sulI were higher than sulII （p 〈 0.05）, with the mean values of （1.41 ± 1.12） × 10-2 and （1.58 ± 1.71） × 10-3 copies/16S rDNA, respectively. For tetracycline ARGs, tetG had the highest frequency, 100%, followed by tetA （85%）, tetO （85%）, tetC （70%）, tetX （60%）, tetM （40%） and tetQ （20%）, while tetE and tetS were not detected in all the samples from the Beijiang River. On the other hand, tetC had the highest concentration, ranging from 8.30 × 10-2 to 13.20 copies/16S rDNA. The poor correlation between ARGs and antibiotic concentrations revealed that the self-amplification and persistence of ARGs were the reasons that made ARGs exist in the water environment even though the antibiotic selecting pressure was absent. Because so few field measurements have been conducted for investigating the levels of ARGs in rivers in South China, this study provides an important insight on better understanding the occurrence and spread of ARGs in such an ecosystem.
基金This work was supported by the University Grant Commission for awarding Junior Research Fellowship.
文摘A column chromatographic method has been developed for the separation and determination of cerium(Ⅲ)using poly[dibenzo-18-crown-6].The separation was carried out in L-valine medium.The adsorption of cerium(Ⅲ)was quantitative from 1×10-1 to 1×10-4 mol/L L-valine.Amongst the various eluents,1.0-8.0 mol/L hydrochloric acid,1.0-8.0 mol/L hydrobromic acid,1.0-8.0 mol/L perchloric acid,1.0-2.0 mol/L sulfuric acid and 4.0-5.0 mol/L acetic acid,were found to be the efficient eluents for cerium(Ⅲ).The capacity of poly[dibenzo-18-crown-6]for cerium(Ⅲ)was(0.428±0.01)mmol/g.The method was applied to the separation of cerium(Ⅲ)from associated elements link uranium(Ⅵ)and thorium(Ⅳ).It was also applied for the determination of cerium(Ⅲ)in geological samples.The method is simple,rapid and selective with good reproducibility(approximately±2%).
基金Project supported by the University Grants Commission,New Delhi
文摘The sorption study of La(Ⅲ) was carried out on poly[dibenzo-18-crown-6] and L-valine medium. The quantitative adsorption of La(Ⅲ) was found at 1×10-2 to 1×10-5 mol/L L-valine. The various eluting agents were found efficient eluents for La(Ⅲ). The capacity of crown polymer for La(Ⅲ) was found to be 0.43 ±0.01 mmol/g. The tolerance limit of various cations and anions for La(Ⅲ) was determined. La(Ⅲ) was quantitatively separated from other metal ions in binary as well as multicomponent mixtures. The study was extended to sequential separation of La(Ⅲ), U(VI) and Th(IV). The good separation yields were obtained and had good reproducibility (±2%). The method incorporated the determination of La(Ⅲ) in real sample. The method was simple, rapid and selective.
基金This work was supported by a grant from NSFC(No.40076031,49825162)and"973"fund(Grant No.G2000078504)
文摘Abundance, carbon biomass and composition of picoplankton along a transect (fromthe Pearl River estuary to Dongsha Island) in the northern South China Sea were measured by flow cytom-etry (FCM); and the vertical structure, composition variation, relationship between heterotrophic and au-totrophic picoplankton as well as the controlling mechanism of diel variation were studied. Results showedthat along the horizontal direction, both Synechococcus (SYN) and picoeukaryote (PEUK) were highest inabundance and dominated autotrophic picoplankton in the Pearl River estuary, but decreased
基金Project supported by Qingdao special project for outstanding young scientists (04-3-JJ-03), "100 Talents Project " and the Science Innovation Key Projects of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. KZCX1-SW- 01-08) and the National Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China (No.49925614).
文摘High-precision isotope composition determinations using multicollector, magnetic-sector induc- tively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICPMS) have recently revealed that some transition metal isotopes such as those of Mo, Fe, Cu, Zn etc. can be used as biogeochemical tracers in global change research. The Mo isotope system may be useful in paleoredox investigations indicating that δ97/95Mo in seawater may co-vary with changes in the relative proportions of anoxic and oxic sedimentation in the ocean, and that this variation may be recorded inδ97/95Mo of anoxic sediments. The Mo continental flux into the oceans and the global Mo isotope budget can be estimated fromδ97/95Mo values. The Fe isotope composition in seawater is an important issue because Fe plays a controlling role in biological productivity in the oceans and its abundance in seawater may have substantial effect on climate changes. Iron isotope fractionations could result from bio- and abio-processes and have about 0.1% variation (δ56/54Fe), so Fe isotopes considered alone cannot be used to distinguish the products of abiotic and biotic Fe processing in geological records. Cu and Zn isotopes are also used as biogeochemical tracers, but the researches are relatively less. This review mainly focuses on the methods for preparation, purification and determination of new isotope tracer samples, and on isotope applications in marine environmental changes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No:31360200,31270742)German Federal Ministry of Education and Research(BMBF)within the framework of the SuMaRiO project(01LL0918D)the Volkswagen Stiftung(Eco CAR project,Az.88497)
文摘Modeling height–diameter relationships is an important component in estimating and predicting forest development under different forest management scenarios. In this paper, ten widely used candidate height–diameter models were fitted to tree height and diameter at breast height（DBH）data for Populus euphratica Oliv. within a 100 ha permanent plots at Arghan Village in the lower reaches of the Tarim River, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China. Data from 4781 trees were used and split randomly into two sets：75 % of the data were used to estimate model parameters（model calibration）, and the remaining data（25 %） were reserved for model validation. All model performances were evaluated and compared by means of multiple model performance criteria such as asymptotic t-statistics of model parameters, standardized residuals against predicted height,root mean square error（RMSE）, Akaike’s informationcriterion（AIC）, mean prediction error（ME） and mean absolute error（MAE）. The estimated parameter a for model（6） was not statistically significant at a level of a = 0.05. RMSE and AIC test result for all models showed that exponential models（1）,（2）,（3） and（4） performed significantly better than others. All ten models had very small MEs and MAEs. Nearly all models underestimated tree heights except for model（6）. Comparing the MEs and MAEs of models, model（1） produced smaller MEs（0.0059） and MAEs（1.3754） than other models. To assess the predictive performance of models, we also calculated MEs by dividing the model validation data set into 10-cm DBH classes. This suggested that all models were likely to create higher mean prediction errors for tree DBH classes[20 cm. However, no clear trend was found among models.Model（6） generated significantly smaller mean prediction errors across all tree DBH classes. Considering all the aforementioned criteria, model（1）： TH ？ 1：3 t a= e1 t b？eàc？DBHT and model（6）： TH ？ 1：3 t DBH2= ea t b？DBH t c ？ DBH2T are recommended as suitable models for describing the height–diameter relationship of P. euphratica. The limitations of other models showing poor performance in predicting tree height are discussed. We provide explanations for these shortcomings.
文摘Current production agriculture systems typically focus on yield outcomes at all costs. By shifting to best management practices based on regenerative farming principles, however, agricultural systems worldwide could maintain or even improve yields while sequestering atmospheric carbon (C) into soil organic matter (SOM). To demonstrate the effectiveness of regenerative principles at simultaneously benefiting agriculture and reducing greenhouse gasses, their C sequestration potential was examined through SOM data from 486 soil sampling locations from multiple farms throughout the coastal plains of South Carolina. These data were compared over varying multiple-year periods between 2013 and 2017 as their land management practices shifted from conventional methods to those based on the regenerative-based practice of cover cropping. The implementation of cover crops in crop rotations resulted in statistically significant mean SOM percentage increases of 0.11 (p ≤ 0.001), 0.11 (p ≤ 0.001), and 0.55 (p ≤ 0.001) for sampling sites converted into rotations utilizing cover crops for two, three, and four years, respectively. When averaged out per year for each sampling group, this results in an average of 622, 425, and 1584 lbs./acre/year of C fixed from the atmosphere and retained in the soil as organic matter. Increases were observed across all soil types sampled in the study with soil texture not significantly influencing a soils’ ability to increase soil OM or sequester atmospheric C through cover crop implementation. The calculations based on the coastal plains’ soils studied here demonstrate the promising potential of the application of regenerative farming principles to not only restore degraded biodiversity, recycle nutrients, improve farm profitability, and reduce chemical inputs, but also to sequester atmospheric C and simultaneously help reduce the effect of global climate change while creating healthy soils.
基金Sponsored by the Research Fund for the College Science and Technology Plan of Shandong Province(Grant No.J12LA11)
文摘The wear process of PTFE coatings sliding against GCr15-bearing steel ball under vacuum conditions was investigated,and the hardness of the PTFE coatings on both sides of wear track was measured. The experimental results showed that the friction coefficient of the PTFE coatings increases with the increase of sliding distance under different sliding velocities. And the friction coefficient of the PTFE coatings increases with the increase of sliding distance under different sliding loads. The wear rate of PTFE coatings decreases with the increase of sliding distance. And the majority of the wear produced during the whole wear process of PTFE coatings sliding against GCr-15 steel ball comes from the early period of friction. The hardness of PTFE coatings on both sides of wear track increases as the distance increases and distributes symmetrically around the wear track. Scanning electron microscope( SEM) was utilized to investigate the worn surface of PTFE coating. It was found that the worn surface of PTFE coating is characterized by sever plastic deformation and spalling of the PTFE coating. The edge of wear track is characterized by micro cracking.
文摘The maximum entropy principle(MEP) is one of the first methods which have been used to predict droplet size and velocity distributions of liquid sprays. This method needs a mean droplets diameter as an input to predict the droplet size distribution. This paper presents a new sub-model based on the deterministic aspects of liquid atomization process independent of the experimental data to provide the mean droplets diameter for using in the maximum entropy formulation(MEF). For this purpose, a theoretical model based on the approach of energy conservation law entitled energy-based model(EBM) is presented. Based on this approach, atomization occurs due to the kinetic energy loss. Prediction of the combined model(MEF/EBM) is in good agreement with the available experimental data. The energy-based model can be used as a fast and reliable enough model to obtain a good estimation of the mean droplets diameter of a spray and the combined model(MEF/EBM) can be used to well predict the droplet size distribution at the primary breakup.
文摘Increasing salinity of the groundwater is one of major challenges faced by agricultural sector in West Bank/Palestine. This study was carried out in the Lower Jordan Valley （LJV） under greenhouse field condition, where an area of 0.12 ha was irrigated with 3.5 dS/m magnetic treated water during the growing season 2012/2013. The results of this pilot project show that there are significant increases in the yield of red and yellow bell pepper of about 20% and 18% on fresh weight basis, respectively. Water use efficiency increased by 15% and an increase in shelf time of 7 d were also recorded. The chlorophyll content raised significantly in the leaves of treated plants compared to the controlled one by 2.5 mg/g. Bell pepper irrigated with magnetic water produces 37% more four champers than that of the controlled one. On the other hand, there were no clear significant effects on the height of the plant, number of fruits, distance between nods, size of fruits, number and thickness of walls and sugar contents. Applying visible/near infrared （VIS/N｜R） spectroscopy test shows that it is possible to distinguish between treated and controlled bell pepper fruits. Multivariate data analysis （MVDA） method was used to test the classification of chemical elements in the fruit and it was found that treated and controlled fruit samples are divided into two groups according to their water treatment. An increase in all nutrient concentrations was found in fruits irrigated with magnetic treated water compared with the controlled one. Further testing is needed especially by involving other variables such as decreasing the volume of irrigated water and fertilizers.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51302061)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei province(Nos.E2014201076,E2020201021 and E2023201019)+3 种基金the Research Innovation Team of College of Chemistry and Environmental Science of Hebei University(No.hxkytd2102)Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Committee(No.JCYJ20200109141412308)Bintuan Science and Technology Program(Nos.2020DB002 and 2022DB009)CWO funding of Ghent University。
文摘One key strategy to enhance photocatalytic performance is to improve the transfer and separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers by building optimized heterojunctions.Herein,novel Bi_(4)O_5Br_(2)/NH_(2)-MIL-125(Ti)Z-scheme heterojunctions are fabricated and used as photocatalysts for organic pollutant photodegradation.The NH_(2)-MIL-125(Ti)nanosheets are exfoliated via a self-developed alkali solution stripping approach and then uniformly decorated on Bi_(4)O_(5)Br_(2).The as-prepared Bi_(4)O_(5)Br_(2)/NH_(2)-MIL-125(Ti)presents more than 90%degradation of various pollutants,outperforming the counterpart individual ones.The various characterization results suggest that the enhanced degradation rate is due to the more intimate face-to-face interfacial contact of the lamellar Z-scheme heterojunction materials,in which the migration path of carriers from the material's interior to the surface can be reduced,in turn enhancing migration efficiency and separation capability significantly.A possible photocatalytic reaction mechanism is proposed based on the photoelectric behaviors,radical trapping experiments and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry analysis.This work promotes the development of new photocatalytic materials for heterojunctions with face-to-face interfacial contacts,as well as the effective purification of wastewater in environmental remediation.
